Title 肥育牛における第四胃変位の病態，発生機序および術後予 後判定に関する研究( 本文(Fulltext) ) Author(s) 一條, 俊浩 Report No.(Doctoral Degree) 博士(獣医学) 乙第136号 Issue Date 2015-03-13 Type 博士論文 Version ETD URL http://repository.lib.gifu-u.ac.jp/handle/123456789/50995 ※この資料の著作権は、各資料の著者・学協会・出版社等に帰属します。 ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢែ㸪Ⓨ⏕ᶵᗎ ࠾ࡼࡧ⾡ᚋணᚋุᐃ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ ᖺ ᒱ㜧ᏛᏛ㝔㐃ྜ⋇་Ꮫ◊✲⛉ ୍ᲄಇᾈ ┠ḟ ┠ḟ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ϸ ␎ㄒ⾲ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ϻ ⥴ゝ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭1 ᅗ㸦1㸪2㸧 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭6 ➨Ϩ❶ ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋᡤぢ 1. ᗎᩥ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭7 2. ᮦᩱ᪉ἲ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭8 2 - 1. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭8 2 - 2. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭9 2 - 3. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒㐣 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭10 2 - 4. ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ 2 - 5. ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭10 2 - 6. ⤫ィᏛⓗゎᯒ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭10 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭11 3. ⤖ᯝ 3 - 1. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭11 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭11 3 - 2. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢึデ᪥ࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ 3 - 3. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒㐣 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭12 3 - 4. ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ 3 - 5. ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘ 4. ⪃ᐹ 5. ᑠᣓ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭11 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭12 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭13 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭13 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭15 ᅗ㸦3,4㸧࣭⾲㸦1 ~ 4㸧࣭ᅗ㸦5㸧 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭17 i ➨ϩ❶ 㯮ẟ✀࠾ࡼࡧ㞧✀⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⾑ᾮ⏕Ꮫ ᡤぢ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧ 1. ᗎᩥ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭22 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭23 2. ᮦᩱ᪉ἲ 2 - 1. ౪ヨ∵⩌ 2 - 2. ౪ヨ∵ 2 - 3. ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ 2 - 4 - 1. pH ࡢ ᐃ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭23 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭24 2 - 4. ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧᳨ᰝ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭23 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭25 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭25 2 - 4 - 2. ࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ 2 - 4 - 3. ⣽⳦᳨ᰝ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭25 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭26 2 - 5. ⤫ィᏛⓗゎᯒ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭27 3. ⤖ᯝ 3 - 1. ึデ᪥࠾ࡅࡿ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ್ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭27 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭27 3 - 2. ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪⤒㐣࠾ࡼࡧ㌿ᖐ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭27 3 - 3. ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ pH ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭28 3 - 4. ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ 3 - 5. ➨ᅄ⫶ࡢ⣽⳦᳨ᰝ 4. ⪃ᐹ 5. ᑠᣓ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭28 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭28 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭29 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭32 ⾲㸦5㸪6㸧ᅗ㸦6 ~ 8㸧 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭33 ii ➨Ϫ❶ 㞧✀⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿணᚋ㛵ࡍࡿᅉᏊࡢ᳨ウ 1. ᗎᩥ 2. ᮦᩱ᪉ἲ 2 - 1. ౪ヨ∵ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭37 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭38 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭38 2 - 2. ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭39 2 - 3. ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭39 2 - 4. ⤫ィᏛⓗゎᯒ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭39 3. ⤖ᯝ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭40 3 - 1. ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭40 3 - 2. ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂 4. ⪃ᐹ 5. ᑠᣓ ᅗ㸦9㸧⾲㸦7㸧ᅗ㸦10㸧 ⥲ᣓ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭40 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭41 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭43 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭44 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭47 ⱥᩥせ᪨ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭49 ㅰ㎡ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ iii ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭52 ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭53 ␎ㄒ⾲ AST AUC BMS BUN Ca Cl F1 FFA GGT Ht iP JB K Na PS SD Tcho TP VFA aspartate aminotransferase area under the serum or plasma concentration versus time curve beef marbling standard blood urea nitrogen calcium chlorine crosses of Japanese Black and Holstein cattle non-esterified fatty acid gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase hematocrit inorganic phosphate Japanese Black potassium sodium pinging sound standard deviation total cholesterol total protein volatile fatty acid 㺏㺛㺨㺽㺵㺕㺼㺻㓟㺏㺮㺧㺢㺵㺻㺛㺪㺈㺵㺎㺜㺼 ⾑Ύ࣭⾑₢⃰ᗘ㸫㛫᭤⥺ୗ㠃✚ ∵⫗⬡⫫㞧ᇶ‽ ⾑୰ᒀ⣲❅⣲ ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ ࢡ࣮ࣟࣝ 㞧✀ 㸦㯮ẟ✀㺬㺷㺛㺞㺐㺻✀ࡢ୍௦㓄㸧 㐟㞳⬡⫫㓟 㺔㺼㺻㺭㺖㺼㺷㺞㺮㺷㺢㺵㺻㺛㺫㺽㺪㺽㺟㺞㺼㺎㺜㺼 ࣐࣊ࢺࢡࣜࢵࢺ ↓ᶵࣜࣥ 㯮ẟ✀ ࣒࢝ࣜ࢘ ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘ 㔠ᒓ〇᭷㤫㡢 ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ⥲ࢥࣞࢫࢸ࣮ࣟࣝ ⥲ࢱࣥࣃࢡ Ⓨᛶప⣭⬡⫫㓟 iv ⥴ゝ ⱄື≀࡛࠶ࡿ∵ࡢ⫶ࡣ, ➨୍⫶㸦࣮࣓ࣝࣥ㸪rumen㸧㸪➨⫶㸦reticulum㸧㸪➨ ୕⫶㸦omasum㸧࠾ࡼࡧ➨ᅄ⫶㸦abomasum㸧࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨୍⫶㸪➨⫶ ࠾ࡼࡧ➨୕⫶ࡢୖ⓶⤌⧊ࡣ㸪㔜ᒙᡥᖹୖ⓶࡛㸪ศἪ⭢ࡀ↓࠸ࡇࡽ๓⫶ 㸦 forestomach 㸧 ⥲ ⛠ ࡉ ࢀ 㸪 ➨ ୍ ⫶ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ➨ ⫶ ࡣ 㸪 ྜ ࢃ ࡏ ࡚ ⱄ ⫶ 㸦ruminoreticulum㸧⛠ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉㸪➨ᅄ⫶ࡢୖ⓶⤌⧊ࡣ༢ᒙᰕ ୖ⓶ࡽᡂࡾ㸪⢓ᾮࢆศἪࡍࡿ⢓ᾮ⣽⬊ࡸ㢕⢓ᾮ⣽⬊㸪ሷ㓟ࢆศἪࡍࡿቨ⣽⬊, ࣌ࣉࢩࣥࢆศἪࡍࡿ⣽⬊ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡓࡵ⭢⫶㸦glandular stomach㸧ࡤࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿ (52)ࠋ 㓄Ỉ㔞ἲࡼࡿィ ࡛ᐜ✚ࡢྜࡣ㸪➨୍⫶ࡀ 80㸣㸪➨⫶ࡀ 5㸣㸪➨୕⫶ ࡀ 7 ~ 8㸣࠾ࡼࡧ➨ᅄ⫶ࡣ 8 ~ 7㸣࡞ࡾ㸪ⱄ⫶ࡔࡅ࡛ 200 ε ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿチᐜ㔞 ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡉࢀࡿ (52)ࠋ࣮࣓ࣝࣥࡢᾘᶵ⬟ࡣ, ᚤ⏕≀ࡼࡾ㣗≀⧄⥔ࡸࢹࣥ ࣉࣥࢆศゎࡋ࡚Ⓨᛶప⣭⬡⫫㓟㸦VFA㸧ࢆ⏘⏕ࡋ㸪➨୍⫶⾲㠃ࡢ⤧ẟࡽ VFA ࢆ྾ࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋVFA ࡣ㓑㓟㸪ࣉࣟࣆ࢜ࣥ㓟࠾ࡼࡧ㓗㓟ࡽᡂࡾ㸪 㣗㣵ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢẚ⋡ࡀኚࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵ∵ࡢᗣ≧ែࡣ㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥࢥࣥࢹ ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥỴᐃࡉࢀࡿபࡗ࡚ࡶ㐣ゝ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ࠼ࡤ㸪ࢹࣥࣉࣥྵ㔞ࡀከ࠸⃰ ཌ㣫ᩱࡀ⤥ࡉࢀࡓሙྜࡣ㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥෆ࡛ࣉࣟࣆ࢜ࣥ㓟ࡀ㐣⏕⏘ࡉࢀ㸪 ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ከ㔞ࡢ VFA ࡀ➨ᅄ⫶ὶධ (54) ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾ㸪⫶㓟ࡢศἪ VFA ࡢ྾ࡢࡓࡵ➨ᅄ⫶ࡢᾘᶵ⬟ᑐࡍࡿ㈇ᢸࡀቑຍࡍࡿ (2)ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ ࡚㸪➨ᅄ⫶ࡣ๓⫶ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᙉࡃཷࡅࡿჾᐁ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ⮫ᗋ⌧ሙ࡛ከࡃ㐼㐝ࡍࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᝈࡣ㸪㣗㸪₽⒆㸪ኚ࠾ࡼࡧ㌿࡛࠶ ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡣ༢⫶ື≀࡛ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ⱄື≀≉␗ⓗᝈ ࡛㸪≉ங∵ࡢ⏕⏘ᛶᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿ㔜せ࡞ᝈ (11,21) ࡋ࡚⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀ 1 ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚྑ᪉ኚศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡣᘱ⦆ ࡋࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ࡀ➨୍⫶ࡢୗࢆᕥ⭡ቨἢࡗ࡚⛣ືࡋ㸪ᕥഃ⬚㒊ࡢ⫝㢌㒊㏆ࡽ ᕥ⭥㒊ࡲ࡛ᣑᙇࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛≉᭷ࡢ㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢ࡀ⫈ྲྀࡉࢀࡿ (2)ࠋࡇࢀᑐࡋ ࡚ྑ᪉ኚࡣ㸪࢞ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧෆᐜ≀ࡀ㈓␃ࡋࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ᗏ㒊ࡀྑ⭡ቨἢࡗ࡚ୖ᪼ ࡋ㸪ྑ⬚㒊➨ 9 ⫘㦵ࡽ᭱ᚋ⫘㦵 2 ศࡢ 1 ୖ᪉࡛㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢ࡀ⫈ྲྀࡉࢀࡿ (2)ࠋྑ᪉ኚࡣ㸪ࡋࡤࡋࡤ㌿⛣⾜ࡋ㸪⬺Ỉࡸ㟁ゎ㉁␗ᖖ (48, 56) ࢆక࠺ࡇ ࡀከ࠸ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡣ㸪⫶㐠ືࡢῶ㏥࢞ࢫࡢ㈓␃ࢆక࠺ᛴᛶ㸪 ளᛴᛶ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ៏ᛶࡢᾘ㞀ᐖࢆ࿊ࡍࡿᝈ (2) ࡛㸪ங∵࡛ࡣஙᮇࡽศፔ ᚋࡢ⛣⾜ᮇ࠾ࡅࡿᰤ㣴⟶⌮≧ែࡸ࣮࣓࣭ࣝࣥ➨ᅄ⫶ᶵ⬟ࡢ␗ᖖ㛵㐃ࡋࡓ⏕ ⏘⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ศፔ๓ᚋࡢ࿘⏘ᮇከⓎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ (21)ࠋங∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ Ⓨࡣ, ๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺ࢹࣥࣉࣥྵ㔞ࡢ㧗࠸⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࡼࡿከ㔞ࡢ VFA ࡢ ⏕ᡂ➨ᅄ⫶ࡢὶධࡸప࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘⾑క࠺➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢῶ㏥ (8,25) ࠾ࡼ ࡧ➨ᅄ⫶ෆࡢ࢞ࢫࡢ㈓␃ (55) ࡀ୍ᅉࡉࢀ㸪ศፔ๓ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ࣮࣓ࣝࣥᐜ✚ ࡢῶᑡ (50, 57)㸪࿘⏘ᮇ࠾ࡅࡿࢣࢺ࣮ࢪࢫ (10) ࡸஙᮇࡢప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≧ែ ࡢ㛵㐃 (4,6, 11, 12, 22,) ࡢࡼ࠺㸪ከᅉᏊᝈ (55) ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ ሗ࿌ࡽఛࢃࢀࡿࠋ ㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬⤒῭ᒁࡽබ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᐙ␆ඹ῭⤫ィ (32) ࡼࡿ㸪ᅜෆ ࠾ࡅࡿங∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ 11 ᖺᗘࡽ 15 ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢ 5 ᖺ㛫 ࡛ 46,000 ~ 48,000 㢌㸪࠺ࡕṚஸ࠾ࡼࡧᗫ⏝ࡢ⤒⦋ࢆࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣ 6,400 ~ 8,200 㢌㸦Ⓨ⏕㢌ᩘྜ࡛ 13.9 ~ 17.1 %㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉㸪⫗⏝∵࡛ࡣ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚ ࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡣ㸪2,000 ~ 2,100 㢌㸪Ṛஸ࠾ࡼࡧᗫ⏝ࡣ 900 ~ 1,200 㢌㸦Ⓨ⏕㢌ᩘ ྜ࡛ 45 ~ 57 %㸧㸪Ⓨ⏕㢌ᩘࡣங∵ẚᑡ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪Ṛஸ࠾ࡼࡧᗫ⏝⋡ࡣ ᴟࡵ࡚㧗࠸≧ែ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋ㸪ங∵ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ Ⓨ⏕せᅉ㸪ᶵᗎ࠾ࡼࡧヲ⣽࡞ែ㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ (16)ࠋ 2 ᖹᡂ 20 ᖺᗘࡢᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿᐙ␆ඹ῭ຍධ⫧⫱∵ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪⏕ᚋ 5 ࣧ᭶ࢆ㉸ ࠼ࡿ⫧⫱∵ࡢṚஸ࣭ᗫ⏝ࡢูⓎ⏕⋡㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࢆࡳࡿ㸪Ṛஸ࠾ࡼࡧᗫ⏝⥲ ᩘࡣ 521 㢌㸪ࡇࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶከ࠸ࡣ㸪ᾘჾࡀ 45㸣㸪ḟ࠸࡛ᚰࢆྵࡴ ᚠ⎔ჾࡀ 18㸣㸪㐠ືჾࡀ 16㸣㸪྾ჾࡀ 14㸣㸪Ἢᒀ⏕Ṫჾࡀ 4㸣㸪 እയ៖ࡀ 1㸣㸪ࡑࡢࡀ 2㸣⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠋḟ㸪യ⒪࠾ࡅࡿู Ⓨ⏕⋡㸦ᅗ 2㸧ࢆࡳࡿ㸪⥲Ⓨ⏕௳ᩘ 9,879 㢌ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪Ṛஸ࣭ᗫ⏝⋡㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ྠᵝ㸪ᾘჾࡀ 52㸣᭱ࡶከࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛྾ჾࡀ 40㸣࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡽ ࡢ࡛యࡢ⣙ 9 ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ᾘჾࡀᐙ␆ඹ῭ᴗ࠾ ࠸࡚ࡶṚஸ࣭ᗫ⏝㛵ࢃࡿඹ῭㔠ᨭᡶ࠸ࡢከࡃࡢྜࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ (34)ࠋ ⫧⫱∵ࡢᾘჾࡣ㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥࢩࢻ࣮ࢩࢫࡀᅉ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (9,30,49)ࠋࡑࡢㄏᅉࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ከ㢌㣫⫱࣭つᶍࡼࡾ㣫㣴⟶⌮ࡀ⡆⣲࣭ ⏬୍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ㸪ಶయ⟶⌮㠃࠾࠸࡚ྜ⌮ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ (15)㸪༑ศ ࡞⢒㣫ᩱ⤥ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡎ (26)㸪✐㢮ࢆయࡋࡓ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢከ⤥ࡼࡾ▷㛫 ቑయࡍࡿ㣫㣴ᙧែࡀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ 㣫㣴⟶⌮ࡢ≉ᚩࡣ㸪⬡⫫㞧ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ⫗㉁ࢆ㔜どࡍࡿ㣫㣴ࡀඃඛࡉࢀ㸪ࣅ ࢱ࣑ࣥ㢮ࡢไ㝈⤥ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (24, 35~37)ࠋࡋࡋ୍᪉࡛ࡣ㸪ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥḞ ஈࡢⓎ⏕ (14) ࡸ⢒㣫ᩱ㊊ࡽቑయࡢపୗࡸ⫗㉁ࡢపୗࢆᣍ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ (26)ࠋࡇࡢࡇࡀ⫧⫱∵ࡢᾘჾࡢⓎ⏕㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ୍⯡ⓗ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢ࠺ࡕ㯮ẟ✀ཤໃ∵ࡣ㸪⫧⫱㛤ጞࡢ᭶㱋ࡣ 9.5 ࣧ᭶㸪 య㔜ࡣ 290 kg㸪ฟⲴ᭶㱋ࡣ 30 ࣧ᭶࡛య㔜 695 kg ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (33)ࠋ㏻ᖖ㸪 ⫧⫱㛤ጞᮇࡽฟⲴࡲ࡛ࡢ⫧⫱ᮇ㛫ࡣ㸪⟶⌮࣐ࢽࣗࣝ (27, 31) ࡼࡾ㸪๓ ᮇ㸪୰ᮇ࠾ࡼࡧᚋᮇࡢ 3 ẁ㝵ศࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⫧⫱∵ࡢฟⲴࡢ⫗㉁ࡣ⫧⫱ ᮇ㛫୰࠾ࡅࡿ㣫ᩱ୰ࡢࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ྵ㔞ᐦ᥋࡞㛵ಀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿ (35,36)ࠋ⫧⫱∵ࡢࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪⫧⫱๓ᮇ㸦⣲∵ᑟධࡽ 2 ࣧ᭶㛫㸧ࡣ㸪ⲡ 3 ࡸ✄ࢃࡽࡢࡼ࠺࡞⢒㣫ᩱࣅࢱ࣑ࣥྵ㔞ࡀẚ㍑ⓗ㧗࠸๓ᮇ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡀ⤥ (18, 26) ࡉࢀ㸪ࡇࡢᮇ㛫࠾ࡅࡿィ⟬್ࡼࡿࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ྵ㔞ࡣ㸪⃰ཌ㣫ᩱ୰ 1,700 IU/kg ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪⫧⫱ᑓ⏝⃰ཌ㣫ᩱኚ᭦ࡉࢀ㸪⫧⫱୰ᮇ㸦13 ~ 23 ࣧ᭶㱋㸧⤥ࡉࢀࡿ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ྵ㔞ࡣ㸪420 IU/kg ࡲ࡛ᬻไ㝈 ࡉࢀࡿࠋ⫧⫱ᚋᮇ㸦⏕ᚋ 24 ࣧ᭶㱋௨㝆㸧ධࡿ㸪㏫⃰ཌ㣫ᩱ୰ࡢࣅࢱ࣑ ࣥ A ྵ㔞ࢆ 600 IU/kg ࡲ࡛ቑ㔞ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ㸪⢒㣫ᩱࡋ࡚ࡣ✄࣡ࣛ ࡀ⤥ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ୍᪉㸪つᶍ㎰ሙ࡛ࡣ㸪⩌⟶⌮ࡢ⡆⣲ࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ㣫ᩱ⤥య⣔ࡀྲྀࡾධ ࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤ㸪ᐑᇛ┴⟶ෆࡢつᶍ㎰ሙ࡛࠶ࡿ H ∾ሙࡢሙྜ㸪㞧✀ ࡛ࡣ⫧⫱๓ᮇࡽ㣫ᩱ⤥ྜࡣ㸪✄࣡ࣛࡀ 20 ~ 25㸣㸪⫧⫱ᑓ⏝⃰ཌ㣫ᩱ㸦ࢹ ࣥࣉࣥྵ㔞 40 ~ 45㸣㸧75 ~ 80㸣㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢹࣥࣉࣥ㉁㓄ྜྜ ࡢ㧗࠸㎰ሙ࡛ࡣ㸪ளᛴᛶ࣮࣓ࣝࣥࢩࢻ࣮ࢩࢫࡢ㧗࠸Ⓨ⏕ (30) ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࡇࡢ㎰ሙ࡛ࡣ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕ࡀቑຍഴྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ (16)ࠋࡑ ࡇ࡛㸪⟶⌮ᣦᑟࡢ୍⎔ࡋ࡚㸪⫧⫱∵࡛ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡘ࠸࡚㸪ங ∵ࡢ▱ぢࢆᇶែゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡀ㸪ங∵⫧⫱∵࡛ࡣ㣫㣴᪉ἲࡸⓎ ᮇ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡁ࡞㞳ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ྠ୍どࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡇၥࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࠋ⫧⫱∵ ࡢሙྜ㸪ࡑࡢṤࡀศፔࢆ⤒㦂ࡏࡎ㸪࿘⏘ᮇᝈࡋ࡚◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿங∵ࡢ ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢㄏᅉࡸែ࠾ࡼࡧணᚋุᐃせᅉࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (44) ࠋࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕せᅉែ࠾ࡼࡧ Ⓨ⏕ᶵᗎࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡶ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿணᚋุᐃ⏝ྍ ⬟࡞ᅉᏊࢆ᥈⣴ࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ㸪௨ୗ 3 ❶ࢃࡓࡾ᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ➨Ϩ❶࡛ࡣ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚྑ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ ᗋᡤぢࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓᝈ␆ࡘ ࠸࡚ᐙ␆ඹ῭യグ㘓ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᇶゎᯒࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᝈ␆ࡢデ⒪࢝ࣝࢸࢆ⢭ᰝ 4 ࡋ㸪⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒㐣ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ⾑ᾮ᳨ᰝࡼࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡢゎᯒ࠾ࡼࡧ➨ ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚྑ᪉ኚࡢ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝᡤぢࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ➨ϩ❶࡛ࡣ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢရ✀ᕪ㸦㯮ẟ✀㞧✀㸧ࡢ᭷↓ࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇࢆ ┠ⓗ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝᡤぢࢆồࡵẚ ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ㸪㞧✀⫧⫱∵࡛ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚⓎ∵ࡢែࢆ⢭ᰝࡍࡿ┠ ⓗ࡛㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢᛶ≧ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪࡓࠋ᳨ウࡣ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚከⓎつᶍ⫧⫱ ∾ሙ࠾࠸࡚㣫㣴ࡉࢀ㸪⮫ᗋⓗ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀ㸪እ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ ࡀᐇࡉࢀࡓࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋึデࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫⓗ᳨ᰝ್ࢆẚ㍑ࡍ ࡿࡶ㸪እ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⮫ᗋ≧࠾ࡼࡧ㌿ᖐࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡓ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢᛶ≧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪pH ࡢ ᐃ㸪ᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥࡢ㢧ᚤ㙾Ꮫⓗ ほᐹ࠾ࡼࡧ᳨ฟ⣽⳦ࡢ✀㢮ࡘ࠸࡚ྠᐃࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ➨Ϫ❶࡛ࡣ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡢᩚᡭ⾡ᚋࡢணᚋ㛵ࡍࡿᅉᏊࢆ᫂ ࡽࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛㸪ኚ∵ࡢእ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫⓗ᳨ ᰝ್ࢆᗣ∵ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⃰ᗘ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘ ╔┠ࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㡯┠ࡀணᚋุᐃࡢᣦᶆࡋ࡚⏝࡛ࡁࡿ⌧ᛶࢆྵࡵ᳨ ウࡋࡓࠋ ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡢែ㸪Ⓨ⏕ᶵᗎ࠾ࡼࡧ⾡ᚋணᚋ ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ 5 4% 1% 2% ᾘჾ ᚠ⎔ჾ 㐠ືჾ 14% 45% ྾ჾ Ἢᒀ⏕Ṫჾ 16% ឤᰁ እയ៖ ࡑࡢ 18% ᅗ 1. ᖹᡂ20ᖺᗘᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ⫧⫱∵㸦5ࣨ᭶㱋௨ୖ㸧 ࡢඹ῭ຍධ㢌ᩘᑐࡍࡿṚஸ࣭ᗫ⏝Ⓨ⏕⋡ (n = 521) 2% 1% 1% 4% ᾘჾ ྾ჾ 㐠ືჾ Ἢᒀ⏕Ṫჾ ᚠ⎔ჾ 52% 40% ឤᰁ እയ៖ ෆศἪ ࡑࡢ ᅗ 2. ᖹᡂ20ᖺᗘᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ⫧⫱∵㸦5ࣨ᭶㱋௨ୖ㸧 ࡢඹ῭ຍධ㢌ᩘᑐࡍࡿയูⓎ⏕⋡ (n = 9,879) 6 ➨Ϩ❶ ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋᡤぢ 1. ᗎᩥ ㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬␆⏘⤫ィ㸦http://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/tikusan/㸧ࡼࡿ 㸪ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘࡢᡃࡀᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ⫧⫱∵ࡢᖹᆒ㣫㣴㢌ᩘࡣ 1 ᡞ࠶ࡓࡾ 32 㢌࡛ ࠶ࡾ㸪ᖹᡂ 8 ᖺᗘẚ㸪⣙ 1.7 ಸቑຍࡋ㸪㣫㣴㢌ᩘ 500 㢌௨ୖࡢ㎰ሙࡶ 706 ㎰ሙ㸦ᖹᡂ 20 ᖺᗘ㸧ቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀక࠸ࡶቑຍࡋ㸪Ṛஸ࣭ᗫ⏝ ⋡ࡣ㸪ࠕ⥴ゝ࡛ࠖ㏙ࡓࡈࡃᾘჾࡀ᭱ࡶከࡃ㸪㣫㣴㢌ᩘࡢቑຍ㣫㣴⟶ ⌮ࡢྜ⌮ࡀࡑࡢ୍ᅉ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᐇ㝿㸪ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿᐙ␆ඹ῭ຍධ㎰ᐙࡢയ௳ᩘㄪᰝࡽ㸪ᖹᡂ 11 ࡽ 15 ᖺᗘ࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘ᥎⛣ࢆㄪ࡚ࡳࡿ㸪⟶ෆࡢつᶍ⫧ ⫱㎰ሙ࡛࠶ࡿ H ㎰ሙࢆ୰ᚰ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡣቑຍഴྥ࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 3㸧ࠋH ∾ሙ ࡣ㯮ẟ✀∵ 㸦JB ∵㸧 ⣙ 700 㢌࠾ࡼࡧ JB ࣍ࣝࢫࢱࣥ✀ࡢ㞧✀∵ (F1 ∵) ⣙ 3,000 㢌ࢆ㣫㣴ࡍࡿつᶍ⫧⫱∵⩌࡛㸪ᖹᡂ 9 ᖺ௨㝆㸪㣫㣴㢌ᩘࡀᛴ⃭ ቑຍࡋ㸪ࡑࢀక࠸ᾘჾࡀከⓎࡋࡓࡓࡵ㸪≉➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢᑐ⟇ࡀᛴ ົ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚⓎ⏕ࡢㄏᅉࡋ࡚㸪⣲∵ᑟධ┤ᚋࡢ྾ჾࡢⓎ ⏕ (17)㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥࢩࢻ࣮ࢩࢫࡢⓎ⏕ (9,18) ࡼࡿ៏ᛶⓗ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ ㊊㸪⫗㉁㔜どࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ㣫㣴ᙧែ (35,37) ࡢ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚㸪ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈ ࡸࡑࢀ㛵㐃ࡋࡓ㣗ḧࡢపୗ (14,60) ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋ㸪ங∵␗࡞ ࡾ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾࠸࡚ࡣ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕せᅉ㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡣ㸪ᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪 Roussel ࡽ (45) ࡀ 19 ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ㸦➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ 1 㸪➨ᅄ⫶ྑ᪉ኚ 4 㸪➨ᅄ⫶㌿ 14 㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㐣ࡂ࡞࠸ࠋ 7 ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ᐑᇛ┴࠾࠸࡚➨ᅄ⫶ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ⫧⫱∵ࡢࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ ㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚูࡢ㌿ᖐ㸪⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒ 㐣ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᐑᇛ┴ෆ࡛ᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⫧⫱∵ࡢᦆᐖ 㜵Ṇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ㣫㣴⟶⌮ᣦᑟࡢ⾑ᾮ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘࡢ᭶㱋ࡼࡿኚ➨ᅄ⫶ኚⓎ⏕ࡢ㛵㐃ࢆㄪࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪 ྑ᪉ኚࡢ୰㌿ࡶྵࡵࡓࠋ 2. ᮦᩱ᪉ἲ 2 - 1. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ ᖹᡂ 11 ᖺᗘࡽᖹᡂ 15 ᖺᗘࡢ 5 ᖺ㛫࠾ࡅࡿᐑᇛ┴⟶ෆࡢつᶍ㎰ሙ㸦H ∾ሙ㸧ࡑࡢ㎰ሙ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡣ㸪ᐙ␆ඹ῭ࡢ യⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡽ➨ᅄ⫶ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ㢌ᩘࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࡉࡽ㸪Ⓨ⏕≧ἣ࠾ࡼ ࡧ⮫ᗋᡤぢࢆ⢭ᰝࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛㸪ᖹᡂ 14 ᖺᗘࡽᖹᡂ 15 ᖺᗘࡢ 2 ᖺ㛫ࡢ NOSAI ᐑᇛࡢ 3 ᐙ␆デ⒪ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦ⓑ▼ᕷ㸪ᓮⓏ⡿ᕷ㸧࠾ࡼࡧᐙ␆デ⒪◊ಟᡤ 㸦㯮ᕝ㒆⾮ᮧ㸧࡛デ⒪ࡋࡓ 278 㢌ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢデ᩿ࡣ㸪㣗ḧ ࡢ⛺࿌࡛ デ౫㢗ࡢ࠶ࡗࡓᝈ␆ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪⫝㢌㒊ࡽ⭥㒊ࡅ࡚㸪ᕥྑࡕࡽ ࡛㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢ࢆ⫈ྲྀࡋ㸪➨୍࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ➨ྡࡋ࡚➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡲࡓࡣ ྑ᪉ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓࡢデ⒪⡙ࢆᇶࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪ⴭ ⪅ࡀ㈐௵⪅ࡋ࡚㞟ࡋゎᯒࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ H ∾ሙࡣ㸪ඹ῭ຍධ㢌ᩘࡀᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ⫧⫱∵యࡢ 7.3 ~ 11.0㸣࡛࠶ࡾ㸪 ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡣ┴యࡢ 50 ~ 69㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋH ∾ሙ࡛ࡣ㸪JB ∵ ࢆ⣙ 9 ~ 11 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪F1 ∵ࢆ⣙ 1 ~ 2 ࣧ᭶㱋ᐑᇛ┴ෆࡢᐙ␆ᕷሙࡽᑟ ධࡋ㸪ฟⲴࡲ࡛ 5 ࡽ 6 㢌ẖ⩌㣫ࡋ࡚⫧⫱ࡍࡿ㣫㣴ᙧែࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋJB ∵ࡣᑟධᚋ⣙ 1 ࣧ᭶ࡽ㸪F1 ∵ࡣ㞝ࡀయ㔜 260 kg㸪㞤ࡀయ㔜 250 kg ࡽ㸪ࣅ 8 ࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡀపྵ㔞㸦420 IU/kg㸧ࡢ⫧⫱⏝⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࡀ㛤ጞࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ㏻ ᖖ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⫧⫱ࢫࢸ࣮ࢪࡈࡢ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢㄪᩚࡣᅛᐃࡉࢀࡎ㸪ฟⲴ⣙ 2 ࣧ ᭶๓ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ྵ㔞㸦600 IU/kg㸧ࡢ㧗࠸⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡀ⤥ࡉࢀ㸪⢒㣫ᩱࡋ࡚ ࡣ✄࣡ࣛࡀ⤥ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋቑ㢌క࠸⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࡣ㣫㣴⟶⌮ࡢྜ⌮ࢆ ┠ⓗ∵⯋ࡈࡢ⮬ືᦙ㏦ჾࡀ⏝ࡉࢀ㸪᩿⤥㣵࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᑐ↷ࡋࡓ୍⯡ⓗ࡞㯮ẟ✀⫧⫱∾ሙ㸦ᐑᇛ┴ෆඹ῭ຍධ㎰ᐙᩘ 6,631 ᡞ㸪 ᖹᡂ 16 ᖺ㸧ࡣ㸪JB ⣲∵ࢆ┴ෆእࡢᐙ␆ᕷሙࡼࡾ⣙ 9 ~ 11 ࣧ᭶㱋ᑟධࡋ㸪 ⟶⌮࣐ࢽࣗࣝ (27, 31) ἢࡗ࡚⫧⫱๓ᮇ㸦 < 14 ࣧ᭶㱋㸧㸪୰ᮇ㸦15 ~ 23 ࣧ ᭶㱋㸧࠾ࡼࡧᚋᮇ㸦23 ࣧ᭶㱋 < 㸧ࡢ㣫㣴⟶⌮ࢆࡋ㸪⢒㣫ᩱࡋ࡚✄࣡ࣛࡀ⤥ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ᳨ウ㡯┠ࡋ࡚㸪ᕥ᪉ኚྑ᪉ኚࡢ㚷ู㸪㌿ᖐ㸦⒵㸪ᗫ⏝࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣṚ ஸ㸹⾡ᚋ 4 㐌㛫ᚋุᐃ㸧㸪ရ✀㸦JB F1㸧࠾ࡼࡧᛶู㸦㞝ཤໃ㞤㸧ࡘ࠸ ࡚ㄪࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪ᗫ⏝ࡢᇶ‽ࡣ៖ࡢയᐖ࠾ࡼࡧࡼࡗ࡚⒵ࡢぢ㎸ࡳࡢ ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ㸦㎰ᴗ⅏ᐖ⿵ൾἲ㸪つ๎➨ 16 ᮲㸪ᗫ⏝ࡢ⠊ᅖ㸧ࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 2. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ∵ 278 㢌⏝࠸࡚ึデࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢࡘ࠸࡚㸪య 㸪㣗ḧపୗࡢ᭷ ↓㸪➨୍⫶㐠ືపୗࡢ᭷↓㸪➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືపୗࡢ᭷↓㸪㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢㸦PS㸧ࡢ⠊ ᅖ⛬ᗘ㸪ࢢ࣮ࣝ㡢ࡢ⛬ᗘ㸪ྜే㸦ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈ㸪⫢⅖㸪Ẽ⟶ᨭ⅖㸪⫵ ⅖㸪⭠⅖㸪ࡑࡢ㸧ࡢ᭷↓࠾ࡼࡧṔ㸦Ẽ⟶ᨭ⅖㸪⫵⅖, ࡑࡢ㸧ࡢ᭷↓ࢆゎ ᯒࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪PS㸦+㸪ே㢌㝈ᒁ㸹++㸪2 ே㢌⫈ྲྀ㸹+++㸪ᗈ⠊⫈ ྲྀ㸧ࢢ࣮ࣝ㡢㸦+㸪 2 ศ㛫 1 ᅇᚤ⫈ྲྀ㸹++㸪 1 ศ㛫 1 ᅇ㸹+++㸪 ᙉ ┒ஹ㐍㸧ࡣ 3 ẁ㝵ศ㢮ࡋࡓࠋ 9 2 - 3. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒㐣 ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ∵ 278 㢌ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪Ⓨ⏕᭶㱋㸪ኚⓎ᪥㸪ᩚᡭ⾡ᐇ᪥㸪ᩚ ᡭ⾡᪥ᡤぢ㸦➨୍⫶ᐜ✚◳ᅛឤ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ࢺࢽ࣮㸪࢞ࢫ㈓␃ෆᐜ≀㈓ ␃㸧࠾ࡼࡧデ⒪ᅇᩘࢆㄪࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪እ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ࡣ㸪࢟ࢩࣛࢪࣥ㸦0.05 mg/kg㸧࡛㙠㟼ୗ㸪ሷ㓟ࣉ࡛ࣟ࢝ࣥᒁᡤ㯞㓉ࡢᚋ㸪❧ࡼࡿྑ⭥㒊ษ㛤ࢆ ⾜࠸㸪ྑୗ⭡ቨࡢ⥙ᅛᐃ⾡㸦ࣁࣀ࣮ࣂ࣮ἲ㸧 (53, 61) ࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 4. ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ 㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ F1 ∵ 8 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ 5 㢌㞤 3 ➨ᅄኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ∵ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪 㢌㸪19 s 5 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪434 s 57 kg㸧㸪ྑ᪉ኚ F1 ∵ 8 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ 4 㢌㸪㞤 4 㢌㸪23 s 4 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪502 s 107 kg㸧࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋᏛⓗᗣ࡞ F1 ∵㸦㞝ཤໃ 8 㢌㸪18 s 1 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪484 s 47 kg㸧ࢆᗣ∵ࡋ࡚⏝࠸㸪⾑Ύ⥲ࢥࣞࢫࢸࣟ ࣮ࣝ㸦Tcho㸧㸪࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘㸦Ca㸧㸪↓ᶵࣜࣥ㸦iP㸧㸪ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘㸦Na㸧㸪࣒࢝ࣜ࢘ 㸦K㸧࠾ࡼࡧࢡ࣮ࣟࣝ㸦Cl㸧⃰ᗘࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ᥇⾑ࡣ㸪㢕㟼⬦ࡼࡾ⾑Ύศ㞳 จᅛಁ㐍ࣇ࣒ࣝධ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸦࣋ࣀࢪ࢙ࢡࢺϩ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸪ࢸࣝࣔओ㸪ᮾ ி㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜࠸㸪ị෭ᚋ㸪2 㛫௨ෆ⾑Ύࢆศ㞳ࡋ⤖ಖᏑࡋࡓࠋ ᐃ ࡣ⮬ືศᯒ⨨㸦ࢹ࣓ࣥࢩࣙࣥ R x L 㸪ࢹࢻ࣮࣋ࣜࣥࢢओ㸪ᮾி㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ ࡓࠋ 2 - 5. ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘ NOSAI ᐑᇛ࡛ᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⫧⫱∵ࡢ㣫㣴⟶⌮ᣦᑟࡢ⾑ᾮࢧࣥࣉࣝࡘ࠸ ࡚㸪⫧⫱๓ᮇࡽᚋᮇ㸦24 ㎰ሙ, n = 606㸧࠾ࡅࡿ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘࢆ㸪⏕ ᚋ᭶㱋࡛ 8 ᮇ㸦< 12, 12 ~ 14, 15 ~ 17, 18 ~ 20, 21 ~ 23, 24 ~ 26, 27 ~ 29 ࠾ࡼࡧ < 10 30 ࣧ᭶㱋㸧ศࡅ㸪㧗㏿ᾮయࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࣮ἲ㸦㧗㏿ᾮయࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ LC - 10A㸪ओᓥὠ〇సᡤ㸪ி㒔㸧࡛ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 6. ⤫ィᏛⓗゎᯒ ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚྑ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿⓎ⏕㢌ᩘẚ⋡ࡣ Fisher ࡢ┤᥋☜❧᳨ᐃ࡛ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋᐃ㔞್ࡣ㸪ᖹᆒ್ ± ᶆ‽೫ᕪ㸦SD㸧࡛⾲ ࡋ㸪2 ⩌㛫ࡣ F ᳨ᐃᚋ Student ࡢ t ᳨ᐃ࡛㸪3 ⩌㛫௨ୖࡘ࠸࡚ࡣศᩓศᯒᚋ Tukey ࡢከ㔜᳨ᐃ࡛ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ⏕ᚋ᭶㱋ูⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ Ȥ ศᕸ᳨ ᐃ Fisher ࡢ┤᥋☜❧᳨ᐃࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⤫ィᏛⓗ㸪P < 0.05 ࢆ᭷ពᕪ࠶ࡾࡋ ࡓࠋ 3. ⤖ᯝ 3 - 1. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ つᶍ㎰ሙ㸦H ∾ሙ㸧ࡑࡢ㎰ሙ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ 5 ᖺ㛫࠾ࡅࡿ ᖺᗘูⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡢ᥎⛣ࢆᅗ 3 ♧ࡋࡓࠋ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡣቑຍഴྥ࠶ ࡾ㸪ᖹᡂ 11 ᖺ 15 ᖺᗘࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ㸪Ⓨ⏕㢌ᩘࡣつᶍ㎰ሙ௨እࡢ㎰ሙ࡛ ࡣ㸪Ⓨ⏕㢌ᩘኚࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪つᶍ㎰ሙ࡛ࡣ 50 㢌ࡽ 131 㢌 ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ NOSAI ᐑᇛ⟶ෆࡢ 2 ᖺ㛫࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ㌿ᖐࢆ⾲ 1 ♧ࡋࡓࠋ➨ᅄ⫶ ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡀ 238 㢌㸪ྑ᪉ኚࡣ 40 㢌࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ ᪉ࡀ᭷ព㧗ࡗࡓࠋ ရ✀࠾࠸࡚㸪F1 ∵࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚẚ࡚ྑ᪉ኚࡢṚஸࡀ᭷ព㧗 ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ཤໃ㞤ࡶྑ᪉ኚࡢṚஸࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪㞤ࡢ⒵㢌ᩘࡀᕥ᪉ኚ 11 ẚ࡚᭷ពప࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋṚஸࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚẚ࡚ྑ᪉ኚ∵ࡢ᪉ ࡀ᭷ព㧗ࡗࡓࠋ ᭶㱋ูࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࢆᅗ 4A B ♧ࡋࡓࠋᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘ 㸦ᅗ 4A㸧ࡣ㸪⏕ᚋ 14 ࣨ᭶㱋ࡲ࡛ࡢ∵ẚ㸪⏕ᚋ 15 ~ 17 ࣧ᭶㱋ࡽ᭷ព ቑຍࡋ㸪18 ~ 20 ࣧ᭶㱋࡛ࣆ࣮ࢡ㐩ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ 27 ~ 29 ࣧ᭶㱋ࡲ࡛᭷ព㧗್ ࡛᥎⛣ࡋࡓࠋྑ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘ㸦ᅗ 4B㸧ࡣ㸪᭷ពᕪࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 3 - 2. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢึデ᪥ࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ࠾ࡅࡿึデ᪥ࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢࢆ⾲ 2 ♧ࡋࡓࠋྑ᪉ኚ∵ࡢᗫ⏝ ࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢྜేࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㢌ᩘẚ࡚ྜేࡢ㢖ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ྑ᪉ ኚࡢṚஸ࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢṚஸẚ࡚㸪య 㸦< 38.5 Υ㸧ࡢపୗࡢ㢖 ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪㣗ḧపୗ㸪➨୍⫶㐠ືపୗ㸪➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືపୗ㸪PS ࡀᗈ⠊㸦+++㸧 ⫈ྲྀࡉࢀ㸪ྜే㸦Ẽ⟶ᨭ⅖㸪⫵⅖࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⭠⅖㸧ࡢ㢖ᗘࡶ᭷ព㧗ࡗࡓࠋ 3 - 3. ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒㐣 ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ࠾ࡅࡿึデ᪥ࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢࢆ⾲ 3 ♧ࡋࡓࠋ ྑ᪉ኚ∵ࡢ⒵ ࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ⒵ẚ࡚デ⒪ᅇᩘࡀ᭷ពቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ࡢ㡯 ┠᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 3 - 4. ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ࢆ⾲ 4 ♧ࡋࡓࠋᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚ∵ࡶ㸪ᗣ∵ẚ 㸪⾑Ύ Tcho㸪Ca ࠾ࡼࡧ Cl ࡀᗣ∵ᑐࡋ࡚᭷ពపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪 ྑ᪉ኚ࡛㸪⾑Ύ Na ࡢ᭷ព࡞పୗࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋ 12 3 - 5. ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘ ᭶㱋ูࡢ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘࢆᅗ 5 ♧ࡋࡓࠋ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡣ⏕ᚋ 14 ࣧ ᭶㱋௨ୗẚ㸪⏕ᚋ 15 ~ 17 ࣨ᭶㱋ࡽ 24 ~ 26 ࣧ᭶㱋ࡲ࡛㸪᭷ពప್ࢆ♧ ࡋࡓࠋ 4. ⪃ᐹ NOSAI ᐑᇛ⟶ෆ࡛➨ᅄ⫶ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ⫧⫱∵ࡢࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼ ࡧྑ᪉ኚูࡢ㌿ᖐ㸪⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒㐣ࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋつᶍ㎰ሙ࡛࠶ ࡿ H ∾ሙࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࢆࡳࡿ㸪ᖹᡂ 11 ᖺᗘࡽ 5 ᖺ㛫࡛⣙ 2.5 ಸቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪H ∾ሙ࡛ࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ 9 ᖺࡽቑ㢌ࡋ㸪ᖹᡂ 11 ᖺᗘࡢ ඹ῭ຍධ㢌ᩘࡣ 2,156 㢌ࡽᖹᡂ 15 ᖺᗘ࡛ 3,201 㢌ᛴ⃭ቑ㢌ࡋࡓࡇࡀ⪃ ࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉࡛ࡣ㸪㣫㣴⟶⌮ࡢྜ⌮ࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ᩿⤥㣵ࡸ㣗 ḧ∵ࡢⓎぢࡢ㐜ࢀࡀせᅉࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋ ྑ᪉ኚ∵࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ẚ࡚Ṛஸ㢌ᩘࡢቑຍࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪≉㞤∵ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⒵㢌ᩘࡶᑡ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣᕥ᪉ኚྑ᪉ኚ࡛ែࡀୗグ♧ ࡍࡼ࠺㐪࠺ࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡎ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢึデ᪥ࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ࠾࠸࡚㸪 ྑ᪉ኚࡼࡿṚஸ࡛ࡣ㸪య ࡢపୗ㸪㣗ḧࡢపୗ㸪➨୍⫶➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢప ୗࢆకࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢ࡢ⫈ྲྀ⠊ᅖࡀᣑᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᗫ⏝∵࠾࠸ ࡚ࡶ㸪Ẽ⟶ᨭ⅖࠾ࡼࡧ⫵⅖ࡼࡿྜేࡀከࡃㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡽྑ᪉ኚ ࡀ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚẚ୍࡚⯡⮫ᗋ≧ࡀ㔜⠜࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ⾑Ύ⏕ Ꮫ᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚ∵ࡶ㸪Tcho, Ca ࠾ࡼࡧ Cl ࡀపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪 ྑ᪉ኚ∵࡛ࡣ㸪ࡉࡽ Na ࡢపୗࡶకࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋTcho ࡢపୗࡣ㸪ኚࡼࡾ៏ ᛶⓗ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᦤྲྀ㊊ (20)㸪Ca ࠾ࡼࡧ Cl ࡢపୗࡣ㸪㣗ḧῶ㏥ࡼࡿ྾ 13 㔞ࡢపୗࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋྑ᪉ኚ∵࠾ࡅࡿ Na ࡢపୗࡣ㸪㌿క࠺ᚠ⎔㞀ᐖ ࡼࡾ㟁ゎ㉁ࡢ྾㞀ᐖࡀࡼࡾ㔜ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡀ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ ⫗⏝∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚⓎ㛵ࡋ, Roussel ࡽ (45) ࡣ㸪ྑ᪉ኚࡸ㌿ ࡢሙྜࡣ, ➨ᅄ⫶◚ࢆక࠺ࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪 Sahinduran ࡽ (46) ࡣ㸪ྑ᪉ኚ࡛ࡣ, 㔜⠜࡞⫢ᶵ⬟㞀ᐖ㛵㐃ࡋࡓ㧗⾑⢾⾑ ₢㟁ゎ㉁⃰ᗘࡢపୗࡼࡿ㔜ᗘࡢ௦ㅰᛶ࣮ࣝ࢝ࣟࢩࢫࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ ࡼ࠺ྑ᪉ኚࡣ㸪⮫ᗋ≧ࡀ㔜⠜࡞ሙྜࡀከ࠸ (5) ࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵ⒪࠾ࡼࡧ⤒ 㐣࠾࠸࡚㸪デ⒪ᅇᩘࡀከ࠸ࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋྑ᪉ኚࡢሙྜ㸪㌿ࡣప Ca ⾑ࡸ㟁ゎ㉁ࡢపୗࢆక࠺ࡇࡀሗ࿌ (8,40) ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᩚᡭ⾡ࡸ⒪ 㝿ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪⾑ᾮ᳨ᰝࡼࡿ㟁ゎ㉁⿵ṇࡀ㔜せ (41,43,53) ᛮࢃࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪య ࡢపୗࡸ㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢ࡀᗈ⠊ᅖࡽ⫈ྲྀࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡣ㸪ప Ca ⾑క࠺➨୍ ⫶➨ᅄ⫶ࡢᖹ➽㐠ືࡢపୗ (7,23) ㌿ (8) ࢆ࠺ᚲせࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ရ✀࠾࠸࡚㸪F1 ∵࡛ࡣ㸪ྑ᪉ኚ࡛ࡢṚஸࡀ᭷ពቑຍࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ F1 ∵ࡢ⫧⫱㛤ጞయ㔜ࡀ JB ∵ẚ࡚᪩ࡗࡓࡇࡽ㸪Ⓨ᭶㱋ࡀⱝ㱋࡞ ࡾ㸪Ṛஸ㢌ᩘᕪࡀฟࡓࡇࡀ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ ⫧⫱∵࡛ࡣࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⤥㔞ࢆࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࡍࡿࡇ࡛⬡⫫㞧ࡸ࣮ࣟࢫⰺ 㠃✚ࢆቑຍࡉࡏࡿ㣫㣴⟶⌮ᢏ⾡ࡀᬑཬ (19,24,35,37,38) ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᴟ➃࡞ࣅ ࢱ࣑ࣥ A ไ㝈ࢆ⾜࠺㸪චᶵ⬟ࡢపୗ㸦᫆ឤᰁ㸧㸪║ࡢ⥙⭷ኚᛶ㸦ኪ┣ 㸧㸪Ⓨ⫱Ⰻ㸪➽⫗Ỉ⭘ࡸᒀ▼ࡀከⓎࡍࡿࡇࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (14)ࠋࡲ ࡓ㸪ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈࡼࡿ㣗ḧࡢపୗࡣ➨୍⫶ᐜ✚ࡢῶᑡ (26) ࡸ࣮࣓ࣝࣥ ࢩࢻ࣮ࢩࢫ (9) ⧅ࡀࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ❶ࡢ⤖ᯝࡽ㸪⏕ᚋ᭶㱋 ูࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡣᕥ᪉ኚⓎ∵ࡀ 15 ~ 17 ࣧ᭶㱋ࡽቑຍࡋ㸪18 ~20 ࣧ᭶㱋࡛ ࣆ࣮ࢡ࡞ࡾࡑࡢᚋῶࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 4A㸧ࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣ㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘࡢప 14 ୗᮇ୍⮴ࡍࡿࡇࡽ㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘࡢపୗࡀᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎ῝ ࡃ㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ⒪ἲࡋ࡚㸪ࣁࣀ࣮ࣂ࣮ἲࡼࡿᩚᡭ⾡ (53, 61) ࡀ⦾⏝ࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᕥ᪉ኚ࡛ 99 㢌㸦యࡢ 41.6㸣㸧㸪ྑ᪉ኚ࡛ 9 㢌㸦22.5㸣㸧ᐇ ࡉࢀ㸪⒵⋡ࡣᕥ᪉ኚ࡛ 97/99 㢌㸦92.7㸣㸧㸪ྑ᪉ኚ࡛ 7/9 㢌㸦77.8㸣㸧 㧗⋡ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪ᙪᆏࡽࡢሗ࿌ (15) ࡰ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀ ࡗ࡚㸪ᚑ᮶ࡣ⫧⫱∵࠾࠸࡚እ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ࡣ✚ᴟⓗ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞ࡗࡓ ࡀ㸪⫧⫱୰ᮇ࡛㌟≧ࡀࡑࢀ㔜⠜࡛࡞࠸➨ᅄ⫶ኚ∵࡛ࡣ✚ᴟⓗእ⛉ ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ࡢᐇࡀ᥎ዡࡉࢀࡓࠋ ௨ୖ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ࠾ࡼࡧែࢆ᫂ ࡽࡋࡓࠋ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕ࡣつᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙࢆ୰ᚰቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⮫ᗋ ᡤぢࡣྑ᪉ኚࡀ㔜⠜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪Ⓨ⏕㢌ᩘࡣ㸪᫂ࡽᕥ᪉ኚࡀከࡃࠊᅜ ෆࡢ⫧⫱∵ࡢ≉ᚩ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈࡢ㛵㐃ࡀࢃࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵ つᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙ࡛ከⓎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᕥ᪉ኚ㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ࡉࡽ⮫ᗋᡤぢ࠾ࡼࡧ⏕Ꮫ ᳨ᰝࡢヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࡀᚲせ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ 5. ᑠᣓ ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋᡤぢࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿ┠ⓗ ࡛㸪ᐑᇛ┴⟶ෆࡢデ⒪ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪つᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙࢆ୰ᚰ ᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕ࡣ⏕ᚋ 15 ~17 ࣧ᭶㱋ࡽ ቑຍࡋ㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢపୗ᭶㱋ࡰ୍⮴ࡋ㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A పୗࡢ㛵 ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋྑ᪉ኚࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚẚⓎ⋡ࡣపࡃ㸪ྜేࡼࡿṚ ஸࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪⒪ᅇᩘࡶከࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪㌿ࢆక࠺㟁ゎ㉁ࡢపୗࡼࡾ≧ 15 ࡀ㔜⠜ࡋࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ⒪ࡣእ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ࡀ᭷ ຠ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 16 250 (㢌ᩘ) 200 75 150 100 106 73 76 75 50 50 96 82 131 59 0 ᖹᡂ11ᖺ ᖹᡂ12ᖺ ᖹᡂ13ᖺ ᖹᡂ14ᖺ ᖹᡂ15ᖺ ᅗ 3. ᐑᇛ┴ෆࡢ H ∾ሙ㸦 ڧ㸧ࡑࡢ∾ሙ㸦ڦ㸧࠾ࡅࡿ ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢᖺᗘูⓎ⏕㢌ᩘࡢ᥎⛣ ᩘ್ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚࡢྜィ㢌ᩘࢆ⾲ࡍ 17 A ྑ᪉ኚ 80 ** 60 㸦㢌ᩘ㸧 㸦㢌ᩘ㸧 80 ** 40 ** ** 61 20 0 B ᕥ᪉ኚ 37 4 8 ** 50 33 60 40 20 29 10 6 <12 12- 15- 18- 21- 24- 27- 30- 33< 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 ᭶㱋 0 <12 12- 15- 18- 21- 24- 27- 30- 33< 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 ᭶㱋 ᅗ 4. ᐑᇛ┴ෆࡢ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ㸦A㸧 ྑ᪉ኚ㸦B㸧ࡢ⏕ᚋ᭶㱋ูⓎ⏕㢌ᩘ㸦ᖹᡂ14 ~ 15ᖺᗘ㸧 **P < 0.01㸦Fisherࡢ᳨ᐃ㸧n = 278 18 ⾲ 1.ࠉ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ㌿ᖐ * ᕥ᪉ኚ (n = 238) 㡯┠ JB F1 ཤໃ 㞤 ရ✀ู ᛶู ィ ྑ᪉ኚ (n = 40 ) ⒵ ᗫ⏝ Ṛஸ ⒵ ᗫ⏝ Ṛஸ 13/35 104/203 93/191 24/47 117/238 18/35 91/203 86/191 20/47 109/238 4/35 8/203 9/191 3/47 12/238 6/21 8/19 12/28 2/12* 14/40 12/21 6/19 11/28 7/12 18/40 3/21 5/19** ** 5/28 ** 3/12 8/40** * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, ᕥ᪉ኚ∵䛻ᑐ䛩䜛᭷ពᕪ䠄Fisher 䛾┤᥋☜❧᳨ᐃ䠅 ⾲ 2.ࠉ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ㌿ᖐูࡢึデ᪥⮫ᗋᡤぢࡢẚ㍑ ᕥ᪉ኚ (n = 238) 㡯┠ 䡊 య 39.5Υ < < 38.5Υ 㣗ḧపୗ ➨୍⫶㐠ືపୗ ➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືపୗ ᭷㡪㡢㸯㸧 + ++ +++ 㸧 + ࢢ࣮ࣝ㡢 ++ +++ 㸧 ࠉ ྜే ࠉ Ṕ㸧 1㸧 ྑ᪉ኚ (n = 40) ⒵ ᗫ⏝ Ṛஸ ⒵ ᗫ⏝ Ṛஸ 117 5/11 24/44 117/238 117/237 114/227 14/30 96/178 6/19 5/11 5/12 0/3 26/102 10/77 109 5/11 16/44 109/238 108/237 101/227 15/30 72/178 12/19 6/11 6/12 1/3 40/102 33/77 12 1/11 4/44 12/238 12/237 12/227 1/30 10/178 1/19 0/11 1/12 2/3 7/102 8/77 14 1/4 2/7 14/40 14/39 14/39 4/7 5/17 4/14 2/11 1/2 1/4 6/16 0/2 18 3/4 2/7 18/40 17/39 17/39 3/7 9/17 5/14 6/11 1/2 1/4 6/16* 2/2 8 0/4 3/7* 8/40** 8/39** 8/39** 0/7 3/17 5/14* 3/11 0/2 2/4 4/16* 0/2 + ; ே㢌㝈ᒁ, ++ ; 2ே㢌, +++ ; ᗈ⠊⫈ྲྀ 2㸧 + ; 2ศ㛫1ᅇ, ++ ; 1ศ㛫1ᅇ, +++ ; ᙉໃஹ㐍 ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿẼ⟶ᨭ⅖࣭⫵⅖㢌㸦ྑ᪉ኚ࡛ࡣ㢌㸧⭠⅖㢌㸦㢌㸧 ࠉ㸪ࡑࡢ㢌㸦㢌㸧 㸧 ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿẼ⟶ᨭ⅖࣭⫵⅖㢌㸦ྑ᪉ኚ࡛ࡣ㢌㸧ࡑࡢ㢌㸦㢌㸧 *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ᑐࡍࡿ᭷ពᕪ㸦Fisherࡢ┤᥋☜❧᳨ᐃ㸧 㸧 19 ⾲ 3. ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉࠾ࡼࡧྑ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⒪⤒㐣ࡢẚ㍑ ᕥ᪉ኚ䠄n = 238䠅 㡯┠ Ⓨ᪥ ᩚᡭ⾡ ᖹᆒ ± ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ᐇ㢌ᩘ ᖹᆒᐇ᪥ ± ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ᩚᡭ⾡ᡤぢ ➨୍⫶ ᐜ✚ῶᑡ ◳ᅛឤ ➨ᅄ⫶ ࢺࢽ࣮ ࠉ ࢞ࢫ㈓␃ ෆᐜ≀㈓␃ デ⒪ᅇᩘ ᖹᆒ ± ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ྑ᪉ኚ㸦n = 40㸧 ⒵ ᗫ⏝ Ṛஸ ⒵ ᗫ⏝ Ṛஸ n = 117 1.9 㼼3.7 92/99 4.7 㼼5.4 ࠉ 90/96 90/96 87/94 85/92 2/2 4.5 㼼3 n = 109 2.0 㼼3.8 2/99 5.0 㼼㻜 ࠉ 1/96 1/96 2/94 2/92 0/2 3.5 ± 1.9 n = 12 1.2 ±0.4 5/99 3.3 ±1.7 ࠉ 5/96 5/96 5/94 5/92 0/2 5.8 ± 3.7 n = 14 3.0 ±2.5 7/9 5.0 ±3.6 ࠉ 6/7 6/7 4/6 4/6 1/2 6.8 ± 3.0* n = 18 1.5 ±0.5 1/9 5.0 㼼㻜 ࠉ 1/7 1/7 1/6 1/6 0/2 5.1 ± 9.1 n= 8 1.4 ±0.9 1/9 5.0 㼼㻜 ࠉ 0/7 0/7 1/6 1/6 1/2 5.6 ± 5.0 *P < 0.05㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ⒵∵ᑐࡍࡿ᭷ពᕪ㸦Student ࡢ t ᳨ᐃ㸧 ⾲ 4㻚䚷F1 ⫧⫱∵䛻䛚䛡䜛ᗣ∵䛻ᑐ䛩䜛➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉䛚䜘䜃ྑ᪉ኚ䛾 ࠉࠉ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ࡢẚ㍑ 㡯┠ (༢) 䚷ᗣ∵ 㻝㻕 ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ ྑ᪉ኚ∵ n= 8 n= 8 n= 8 ** 107 ± 25 72 ± 16 72 ± 6* ⥲䝁䝺䝇䝔䝻䞊䝹 (mg/dl) (mg/dl) 10.4 ± 0.5 9.1 ± 1.0** 9.3 ± 0.3* 䜹䝹䝅䜴䝮 (mg/dl) 7.7 ± 0.8 7.2 ± 1.5 7.2 ± 1.3 ↓ᶵ䝸䞁 䠄mmol/L䠅 148 ± 11 140 ± 7 136 ± 1* 䝘䝖䝸䜴䝮 䠄mmol/L䠅 4.7 ± 0.3 4.5 ± 0.4 4.5 ± 0.3 䜹䝸䜴䝮 * 99 ± 5** 䠄mmol/L䠅 ᗣ∵䠈 113 ± 10 104 ± 6 䜽䝻䞊䝹䠈 䠈 㞧✀ 㻝㻕 㻌ྠ∵⩌䛻䛚䛡䜛ྠ᭶㱋䛾ᗣ∵ * P < 0.05, **P < 0.01䠈ᗣ∵䛻ᑐ䛩䜛᭷ពᕪ䠄Tukey 䛾ከ㔜᳨ᐃ䠅 20 300 (IU/dl) 250 200 150 100 50 0 < 12 12-14 15-17 18-20 21-23 24-26 27-29 < 30 ᭶㱋 ᅗ 5. ᐑᇛ┴ෆࡢ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ᭶㱋ู⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘ **P < 0.01㸪14ࣧ᭶㱋௨ୗᑐࡍࡿ᭷ពᕪ㸦Tukeyࡢከ㔜᳨ᐃ㸧 n = 606 21 ➨ϩ❶ 㯮ẟ✀࠾ࡼࡧ㞧✀⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ ⾑ᾮ⏕Ꮫᡤぢ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧ 1. ᗎᩥ ➨㹇❶࡛ࡣ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚ∵ࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࢆᇶ㸪つᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙ࡛Ⓨ ⏕ࡍࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡣ㸪⏕ᚋ 15 ~ 17 ࣧ᭶㱋ࡽቑຍࡋ㸪⾑୰ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢపୗ ᮇࡰ୍⮴ࡍࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡣྑ᪉ኚẚⓎ⋡ࡀ 㧗࠸ࡇࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚࡣሗ࿌ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ (45) 㸪ࢇࡢ⫧⫱∵ࡣங ∵ࡢࡼ࠺ศፔࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪Ἢங࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࣂࣛࣥࢫࡢᆒ⾮ࡶ ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ࡑࡢែࡣங∵ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᐇ㝿㸪ங∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ ኚࡢཎᅉࡣ, ࠕ⥴ゝ࡛ࠖ㏙ࡓࡈࡃ➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢῶ㏥࠾ࡼࡧ➨ᅄ⫶ෆࡢ࢞ ࢫࡢ✚ (55)㸪➨୍⫶ᐜ✚ࡢῶᑡࡸࢣࢺ࣮ࢪࢫࡢ㛵ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (57)ࠋ ࡋࡋ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚⓎ⏕ࡢ࢜ࢵࢬẚࡣ㸪 1㸸95.2 ங∵ẚ᫂ࡽ ప࠸ (6)ࠋ ㏆ᖺ㸪つᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙ࡛ࡣ㸪JB ∵ ࡶ F1 ∵ࡢ㣫⫱ࡀᛴ⃭ቑຍࡋ㸪➨ Ϩ❶࡛㏙ࡓࡈࡃ㸪ࡇࢀక࠸⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡀၥ㢟ࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋࡋࡋ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿရ✀ᕪ㛫ࡢ᳨ウࡣṤ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞ ࠸ࠋ ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ရ✀㛫ࡢᕥ᪉ኚࡢែ࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋᡤぢࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂☜ࡍࡿ┠ⓗ ࡛㸪ᕥ᪉ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ JB F1 ∵ὀ┠ࡋ㸪ึデ᪥㸪⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕ Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ࢆゎᯒࡶ㸪ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ㌿ᖐࢆㄪ㸪୧ရ✀㛫 ࡛ᕪ␗ࡀ࠶ࡿ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ 22 ⯆῝࠸ࡇ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢእ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡᥇ྲྀࡉࢀࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢᛶ≧ ࡣ㸪⫧⫱∵ங∵࡛␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋங∵࡛ࡣῐ⥳ⰍỈᵝ≀࡛࠶ࡿሙྜࡀከ࠸ ࡢᑐࡋ㸪⫧⫱∵࡛ࡣ㸪㯤〓Ⰽࡢࡸࡸ⢓ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿෆᐜ≀ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡑࡇ ࡛㸪Ⓨ⏕㢌ᩘࡢከ࠸ F㸯∵࠾ࡅࡿᕥ᪉ኚⓎࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮෆᐜ≀ࡢ≉ᚩࢆㄪ ᰝࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛㸪ᛶ≧㸦pH, ࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ࠾ࡼࡧ⣽⳦᳨ᰝ㸧᳨ウࢆຍ࠼ ࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿࡼ࠺㸪F1 ∵ࡣ㸪JB ∵ẚ㸪⮫ᗋᡤぢ࠾ࡼࡧ᳨ᰝ್ࡢ ኚࡀᙉ࠸ഴྥ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 2. ᮦᩱ᪉ἲ 2 - 1. ౪ヨ∵⩌ ᖹᡂ 15 ᖺ 6 ᭶ࡽᖹᡂ 16 ᖺ 6 ᭶ࡲ࡛㸪ᐑᇛ┴⟶ෆࡢつᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙ㸦H ∾ ሙ㸧࡛㣫⫱ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ JB ∵⣙ 700 㢌㸪JB ∵࣍ࣝࢫࢱࣥ✀ࡢ F1 ∵⣙ 3,000 㢌ࡢ୰ࡽ౪ヨ∵ࢆ㑅ูࡋࡓࠋᮏ㎰ሙ࡛ࡣ JB ∵ࢆ⣙ 9 ࡽ 10 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪F1 ∵ࢆ⣙ 1 ~ 2 ࣧ᭶㱋ᐑᇛ┴ෆࡢᐙ␆ᕷሙࡽᑟධࡋ㸪ฟⲴࡲ࡛ 5 ~ 6 㢌ẖ ⩌㣫ࡋ࡚⫧⫱ࡍࡿ㣫㣴ᙧែࢆࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋJB ∵ࡣᑟධᚋ⣙ 1 ࣧ᭶ࡽ㸪F1 ∵ࡣ㞝ཤໃ∵ࡀయ㔜 260 kg㸪㞤∵ࡀయ㔜 250 kg ࡽ⫧⫱⏝⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࡀ 㛤ጞࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢᮇ⤥ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢࢹࣥࣉࣥྵ㔞ࡣ ࢪࢫࢱ࣮ࢮἲ (39) ࡼࡿᐇ ್࡛ 40 ~ 45㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 2 - 2. ౪ヨ∵ ౪ヨ∵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪㣗ḧࡢ⛺࿌࡛ デ౫㢗ࡢ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪ᕥഃ⬚㒊 ⫝㢌㒊ࡽ⭥㒊ࡲ࡛ࡢ㛫㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢ࡢ⫈ྲྀࡼࡗ࡚ᕥ᪉ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ JB ∵ 10 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ∵ 7 㢌࠾ࡼࡧ㞤∵ 3 㢌㸪20.3 ± 6.3 ࣧ᭶㱋, య㔜 301 ~ 477 kg㸧 F1 ∵ 20 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ∵ 16 㢌࠾ࡼࡧ㞤∵ 4 㢌㸪18.0 ± 2.9 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪య㔜 23 388 ~ 677 kg㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪➨ 1 ❶࠾࠸࡚㸪㞝ཤໃ∵㞤∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚࡢ ㌿ᖐࡁ࡞ᕪࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᛶูࡣΰᅾࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡓࠋᑐ↷ ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪⮫ᗋᏛⓗᗣ JB ∵ 10 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ∵㸪23.8 ± 0.9 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪య㔜 450 ~ 510 kg㸧 F1 ∵ 10 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ∵㸪18.0 ± 0.7 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪య㔜 460 ~ 550 kg㸧ࢆࡑ ࢀࡒࢀ⏝ࡋࡓࠋ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪 㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ≧ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ ᪥㸦ึデ᪥㸧⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᡭ⾡๓㸦1 ~ 5 ᪥ ௨ෆ㸧⾡ᚋ 10 ᪥┠㸦ᢤ⣒᪥㸧⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸦⾡๓㸸㣗ḧపୗ㸪➨୍⫶㐠ືప ୗ㸪➨ᅄ⫶᭷㡪㡢㸪ྜే࠾ࡼࡧᕥ᪉ኚⓎ᭶㱋Ⓨ᪥㸪⾡ᚋ㸸㛤⭡ᩚ ᡭ⾡ᐇ᪥㸪デ⒪ᅇᩘ࠾ࡼࡧ㌿ᖐ㸧ࢆࡾ㸪⾡ᚋ㌿ᖐ㸦⒵㸪ᗫ⏝࠾ࡼࡧ Ṛஸ㸧ࡣ㸪⣙ 1 ࣧ᭶㛫ほᐹࡋࡓࠋ⮫ᗋᡤぢࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪➨ᅄ⫶᭷㡪㡢ࡣ㸪 ẁ㝵 ศ㢮㸦➨ I ❶㸪2 - 2 ཧ↷㸧ࡋࡓࠋ⾡ᚋ㌿ᖐࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪-% ∵ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣከ㡯┠ ヨ㦂⣬࢟ࢵࢺ㸦࣮࢘ࣟ࣌ࣃ࣮Ϫ®㸪ᰤ◊Ꮫ㸪ᰣᮌ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᒀ᳨ᰝࢆᐇࡋ ࡓࠋ ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ᳨ᰝࡢ౪ヨ∵ࡣ㸪እ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ࢆᐇࡋࡓ F1 ∵ 20 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ∵ 16 㢌࠾ࡼࡧ㞤∵ 4 㢌㸪20 s 4 ࣧ᭶㱋, య㔜 535 s 83 kg㸧㸪ᗣ∵ࡋ࡚ F1 ∵ 19 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ∵ 14 㢌㸪㞤∵ 5 㢌㸪28 s 2 ࣧ᭶㱋, య㔜 681 s 51 kg㸧 ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪F1 ∵ࡣ㸪JB ∵ẚ㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿࡼ࠺⮫ᗋᡤぢ࠾ࡼࡧ᳨ᰝ ್ࡢኚࡀᙉ࠸ഴྥ࠶ࡾ㸪Ⓨᩘࡶከ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪F1 ∵࡛ゎᯒ ࡋࡓࠋᗣ∵ࡣ㸪ᒕሙ࡛ࡢ㣗⫗᳨ᰝ㑅ูࡋࡓᗣ∵ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡀ㸪⏕ᚋ᭶㱋 ࡀࡸࡸ㧗࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡣ͆ཧ⪃ẚ㍑ᗣ∵͇࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩥ୰࡛ࡣ͆ᗣ∵͇ ࡋࡓࠋ 24 2 - 3. ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ ࣐࣊ࢺࢡࣜࢵࢺ ᐃ⏝ EDTA-2K ධࡾ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸦ࣂ࢟ࣗࢸࢼ᥇⾑⟶㸪᪥ᮏ ࣋ࢡࢺ࣭ࣥࢹࢵ࢟ࣥࢯࣥओ㸪⚟ᓥ㸧㸪⾑⢾್࠾ࡼࡧங㓟⃰ᗘ ᐃ⏝ࣇࢵࢼࢺ ࣒ࣜ࢘ຍ࣊ࣃࣜࣥධࡾ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸦࣋ࣀࢪ࢙ࢡࢺϩ ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸪ࢸࣝࣔओ㸪 ᮾி㸧࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύศ㞳จᅛಁ㐍ࣇ࣒ࣝධ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸦࣋ࣀࢪ࢙ࢡࢺϩ┿✵ ᥇⾑⟶㸪ࢸࣝࣔओ㸪ᮾி㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㢕㟼⬦ࡼࡾ᥇⾑ࡋࡓࠋ᥇⾑ࡋࡓ⾑ᾮࡣ㸪ị ෭ಖᏑࡋ㸪࣐࣊ࢺࢡࣜࢵࢺ್㸦Ht㸧ࢆ ᐃᚋ㸪2 㛫௨ෆ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύࢆ ศ㞳ࡋࡓࠋ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧங㓟ࡣ┤ࡕ ᐃࡋ㸪ࡑࡢࡢ⾑୰ᡂศࡣ 20Υ࡛⤖ಖᏑᚋ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫங㓟࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ㐟㞳⬡⫫㓟㸦FFA㸧㸪Tcho㸪ᒀ⣲❅⣲ 㸦BUN㸧㸪⥲⺮ⓑ㸦TP㸧㸪ࣝࣈ࣑ࣥ㸪 Ca㸪iP㸪Na㸪Cl㸪ࢫࣃࣛࢠࣥ㓟࣑ ࣀࢺࣛࣥࢫࣇ࢙࣮ࣛࢮ㸦AST㸧࠾ࡼࡧ Ȗ ࢢࣝࢱ࣑ࣝࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣌ࣉࢳࢲ࣮ࢮ 㸦GGT㸧ࡣ㸪࣮࢜ࢺࢼࣛࢨ࣮࡛ ᐃ㸦➨㹇❶㸪2 - 4 ཧ↷㸧ࡋࡓࠋࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A㸦➨Ϩ❶㸪2 - 5 ཧ↷㸧࠾ࡼࡧ E ࡣ㸪㧗㏿ᾮయࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࣮ἲ㸦LC10A㸪ओᓥὠ〇సᡤ㸪ி㒔㸧࡛㸪ࢥࣝࢳࢰ࣮ࣝࡣᏛⓎග㓝⣲ච ᐃἲ㸦 ࢡࢭࢫ 2 81600 N㸪࣋ࢵࢡ࣐ࣥࢥ࣮ࣝࢱ࣮♫㸪ᮾி㸧ࡼࡾ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 4. ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧᳨ᰝ 2 - 4 - 1. pH ࡢ ᐃ F1 ∵ࡢᡭ⾡ษ㛤㒊ࡼࡾᕥᡭࢆᤄධࡋ㸪㟼⬦ὀᑕ⏝ࡢ⁛⳦῭⿵ᾮ⟶㸦ື≀ ㍺ᾮࢭࢵࢺ㸪ࣇ࢛ࣝࢸ ࢢࣟ࢘ ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝ♫㸪ᰣᮌ㸧ࡢࣂ่ࣝධ㔪ࢆ⏝ ࠸࡚㸪ᕥഃ⫘㦵➨୍⫶ࡢ㛫ࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ➨ᅄ⫶┤᥋่ධࡋ࡚᥇ྲྀࡋ ࡓࠋ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ pH ࡣ㸪pH ࣓࣮ࢱ࣮㸦Horiba pH ࣓࣮ࢱ࣮ D - 52㸪 HORIBA ♫, ᮾி㸧࡛┤ࡕ ᐃࡋࡓࠋᗣ∵ࡣ㸪㣗⫗᳨ᰝ㸪➨ᅄ⫶୰ኸ 25 㒊ࡼࡾ⁛⳦ὀᑕჾࢆ⏝࠸࡚⁛⳦ࢫࣆࢵࢶ⟶᥇ྲྀࡋ㸪┤ࡕ⤖ಖᏑࡋࡓᚋ㸪 ⼥ゎࡋ࡚ pH ࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 4 - 2. ࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ pH ᐃᚋ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ 0.1 mL ࢆࢫࣛࢻ࢞ࣛࢫሬ㸪࢝ࣂ࣮࢞ࣛࢫ࡛ᑒ ༳ࡋࡓᚋ㸪ࣚ࢘⣲㸦60g/1,000 mL㸪ྜྷ⏣〇⸆㸪ᮾி㸧ࢆ࢝ࣂ࣮࢞ࣛࢫᶓࡽᾐ ㏱ࡉࡏ㸪ࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ (39) ࡛⣸Ⰽᰁࡲࡿᮍᾘࡢࢹࣥࣉࣥࡢ≧ែ ࡘ࠸࡚㢧ᚤ㙾ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ほᐹࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 4 - 3. ⣽⳦᳨ᰝ ⤖ಖᏑࡋࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡣ㸪ཷクᶵ㛵㸦ி㒔ື≀᳨ᰝࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪ி㒔㸧㏦ࡋ㸪 ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪ᇵᆅࡢ㠃✚ᑐࡋ࡚ 3 ศࡢ 1 ௨ୖቑṪࡋࡓ 3 ⳦ᒓ㸦Bacillus ᒓ㸪 Pseudomonas ᒓ࠾ࡼࡧ Clostridium ᒓ㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ᐇࡋࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪Bacillus ᒓ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ヨᩱࢆ⨺ 5㸣 ⾑ᾮຍᇵᆅ㸦᪥ᮏ࣋ࢡࢺ࣭ࣥࢹࢵ࢟ࣥࢯࣥ♫㸪ᮾி㸧 ሬ࣭⏬⥺ࡋ㸪37Υ ࡛ 48 㛫ᇵ㣴ᚋ㸪Bacillus ᵝࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࢆ⣧ᇵ㣴ࡋࡓࠋ㢧 ᚤ㙾᳨ᰝࡼࡾࢢ࣒ࣛᰁⰍ⳦ᙧࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࢟ࢵࢺ㸦Api 50 E ࢩࢫ࣓ࢵࢡ࣭ࣅ࢜ ࣓࣮ࣜࣗ♫㸪ࣜࣚࣥ㸪ࣇࣛࣥࢫ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྠᐃࡋࡓࠋPseudomonas ᒓࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪 DHL ᐮኳᇵᆅ(᪥Ỉ〇⸆ओ㸪ᮾி)ሬ࣭⏬⥺ࡋ㸪37Υ࡛ 18 㛫ᇵ㣴ᚋࢥࣟࢽ ࣮ࢆ⨺ 5㸣⾑ᾮຍᐮኳᇵᆅ࡛⣧ᇵ㣴ࡋࡓࠋ㢧ᚤ㙾᳨ᰝࡼࡾࢢ࣒ࣛᰁⰍ⳦ᙧ ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ㸪࢟ࢵࢺ㸦Api 20 E㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྠᐃࡋࡓࠋClostridium ᒓࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᮦ ᩱࢆ࢝ࢼ࣐ࢩࣥྵ᭷ CW ᐮኳᇵᆅ㸦᪥Ỉ〇⸆㸪ᮾி㸧ሬ࣭⏬⥺ࡋ㸪࢞ࢫ ࣃࢵࢡ㸦୕⳻࢞ࢫᏛ㸪ᮾி㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 37Υ ࡛ 24 㛫᎘Ẽᇵ㣴ᚋ 㸪Clostridium ᵝࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࢆ⣧ᇵ㣴ࡋࡓࠋ㢧ᚤ㙾᳨ᰝࡼࡾࢢ࣒ࣛᰁⰍ⳦ᙧࢆ☜ㄆࡋ㸪࢟ࢵࢺ 㸦Api 20 E㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྠᐃࡋࡓࠋCandida ᒓࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪┿⳦㑅ᢥᇵᆅ㸦ࢩࢫ࣓ 26 ࢵࢡ࣭ࣅ࣓࣮࢜ࣜࣗ♫㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㢧ᚤ㙾᳨ᰝࡼࡾ㓝ẕᵝ┿⳦ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ㸪ྠ♫ࡢ 㓝ẕ⏝ྠᐃ࢟ࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྠᐃࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 5. ⤫ィᏛⓗゎᯒ ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣᖹᆒ್ ± SD ࡛⾲ࡋ㸪2 ⩌㛫ࡣ㸪F ᳨ᐃᚋ㸪Student ࡢ t ᳨ ᐃ࡛㸪3 ⩌㛫௨ୖࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ศᩓศᯒᚋ Tukey ࡢከ㔜᳨ᐃ࡛ẚ㍑ࢆࡋࡓࠋ ⮫ᗋ≧ࡢⓎ⌧㢌ᩘࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪 Fisher ࡢ┤᥋☜❧᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ P < 0.05 ࢆ᭷ពᕪ࠶ࡾࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧᳨ᰝࡣ㸪ᗣ∵ࡋ࡚͆ཧ⪃ ẚ㍑ᗣ∵͇ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡓࡵ㸪⤫ィゎᯒࡣ⾜ࢃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 3. ⤖ᯝ 3 - 1. ึデ᪥࠾ࡅࡿ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ್ JB F1 ∵ࡢึデ᪥ࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ࢆ⾲ 5 ♧ࡋࡓࠋJB ∵࡛ ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵ẚ࡚⾑Ύ FFA ࠾ࡼࡧ AST ࡀ㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪⾑Ύ Tcho ࠾ࡼࡧ iP ࡀప್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୍᪉㸪F1 ∵࡛ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵ẚ࡚⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㸪ங 㓟㸪⾑Ύ FFA ࠾ࡼࡧ AST ࡀቑຍࡋ㸪⾑Ύ Tcho, BUN, ࣝࣈ࣑ࣥ, Ca, Na, K, Cl,ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡀపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪F1 ∵ࡢ㞝ཤໃ㞤ࡢ 㛫ࡣᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱ♧ࡉࡎ㸧ࠋ 3 - 2. ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪⤒㐣࠾ࡼࡧ㌿ᖐ JB F1 ∵ࡢᡭ⾡๓ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪⤒㐣࠾ࡼࡧ㌿ᖐࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾲ 6 ♧ ࡋࡓࠋF1 ∵ࡢ᪉ࡀ㸪-% ∵ẚ࡚Ⓨ᭶㱋ࡀ᭷ពⱝࡃ㸪デ⒪ᅇᩘࡶ▷ࡗ ࡓࠋྜేࡣ JB ∵࡛ࡣ㸪ᡭ⾡ࡢ⫗║ᡤぢ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝࢹ࣮ࢱࡽデ᩿ 27 ࡉࢀࡓࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈᛴᛶ⫢⅖㸪⫵⅖Ẽ⟶ᨭ⅖ࡀ 3 㢌ㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪F1 ∵࡛ ࡣࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈ࠾ࡼࡧ⫢⅖ࡀ 8 㢌ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ ⾡ᚋ㌿ᖐࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪Ṛஸࡋࡓ JB ∵ 2 ࡣ㸪ᢤ⣒ᚋඹ㏻ࡋ࡚ᐜែࡀᛴኚࡋ㸪 ⴭࡋ࠸㧗⾑⢾㸦192 ~ 279 mg/dL㸧㸪పࣥࢫࣜࣥ⾑㸦0.3 ~ 2.6 ȝ8㹊㸧㸪ከ㡯┠ ヨ㦂⣬࢟ࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᛂ࡛㸪㔜ᗘࡢࢣࢺࣥᒀ㸦3+㸸ࢭࢺ㓑㓟ࣜࢳ࣒࢘ࡋ ࡚ 80mg/dL ௨ୖ┦ᙜ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ⢾ᒀ㸦3+㸸ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ 500mg/dL ௨ୖ┦ᙜ㸧 ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪⭈㸦BUN 60 mg/dL, Ca 8.1 mg/dL ࠾ࡼࡧ iP 12 mg/dL㸧ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ࿊ ࡋ࡚Ṛஸࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪F1 ∵ࡢ㞝ཤໃ㞤ࡢ㛫ࡣᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ࢹ࣮ ࢱ♧ࡉࡎ㸧ࠋ 3 - 3. ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ pH ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ pH ࢆᅗ 6A ♧ࡋࡓࠋ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ pH ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵࡛ࡣ 3.78 ± 0.87 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢᑐࡋ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ࡀ 1.73 ± 0.71 ࡛ᙉ㓟ᛶࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ 3 - 4. ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ ࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫᳨ฟ⋡ࢆᅗ 6B , ࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂࡢ௦⾲ࢆᅗ 7 ♧ࡋ ࡓࠋࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫᳨ฟ⋡ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵࡛ 1/19 㢌㸦5%㸧࡛㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵࡛ 20/20 㢌 㸦100%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㢧ᚤ㙾ୗ࠾࠸࡚㸪 ᗣ∵ࡢ 1 ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ࡢ ࡛㸪࣮ࣚࢻࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ࡛⣸Ⰽᰁࡲࡿᮍᾘࡢࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫ࡀከᩘほᐹࡉࢀ ࡓࠋ 3 - 5. ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ⣽⳦᳨ᰝ ⣽⳦ࡢศ㞳≧ἣࢆᅗ 8 ♧ࡋࡓࠋᕥ᪉ኚ∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡽࡣ㸪Bacillus spp ࡀ 11/20 㢌㸦55%㸧㸪Pseudomonas spp ࡀ 2/20 㢌㸦10%㸧㸪Clostridium spp ࡀ 2/20 28 㢌㸦10%㸧࠾ࡼࡧ Candida spp ࡀ 3/20 㢌㸦15%㸧ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀᑐࡋ࡚ ᗣ∵࡛ࡣ㸪 Bacillus spp ࡀ 14/19 㢌㸦74%㸧ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪ࡢ⣽⳦㢮ࡣ☜ㄆࡉ ࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 4. ⪃ᐹ ➨Ϩ❶ࡢᐑᇛ┴⟶ෆࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣㄪᰝࡼࡾ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ ࡣ㸪㸦ྑ᪉ኚẚ㸧Ⓨ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸ࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡀ㸪つᶍ⫧⫱∾ሙ㣫⫱࡛ ࡣ㸪JB F1 ∵ࡀΰᅾࡋ࡚ከ㢌㣫⫱ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪JB ࠾ࡼࡧ F1 ∵ࡢရ ✀ᕪᕥ᪉ኚࡢ㛵㐃ὀ┠ࡋ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚึデ᪥ࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫᡤ ぢ㸪ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪⤒㐣㌿ᖐ࡞ࡽࡧ⾡୰᥇ྲྀࡉࢀࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ ᡂศࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆຍ࠼㸪ရ✀㛫ࡢᕪ␗ࡶⓎ⏕ᶵᗎࡢゎᯒࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ ึデ᪥ࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪JB F1 ∵ࡶ FFA ࡢୖ᪼ Tcho iP ࡢపୗࡀඹ㏻ࡋ࡚ぢࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪ࡉࡽ JB ∵࡛ࡣ AST ࡢ㧗್㸪F1 ∵࡛ࡣ㸪 ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫங㓟ࡢ㧗್㸪⾑Ύ BUN㸪ࣝࣈ࣑ࣥ㸪Ca㸪Na㸪K㸪Cl㸪ࣅࢱ ࣑ࣥ A ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡢప್ࢆకࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᡤぢࡼࡾ㸪F1 ∵ࡣ JB ∵ẚ㸪⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝ್ࡀᴟ➃␗ᖖ್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ␗ᖖ್ࡶከ㡯┠࠾ࡼࡪഴ ྥ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡋ࡚㸪F1 ∵ࡢ⫧⫱㛤ጞయ㔜㸦ཤໃ∵࡛ 260 kg㸧ࡣ JB ∵㸦290 kg㸧ẚ࡚ᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡘⱝ㱋ࡼࡾࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ไ㝈⃰ ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࡀ㛤ጞࡉࢀࡿࡇࡼࡾ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚⓎࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ ࡿࠋ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ್ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪⾑Ύ Tcho, BUN ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࣝࣈ࣑ࣥࡢపୗࡣ㸪࢚ࢿ ࣝࢠ࣮࠾ࡼࡧࢱࣥࣃࢡᦤྲྀࡢపୗ (20)㸪≉⾑Ύ FFA ࡢ㧗್ࢆక࠺ሙྜࡸ㸪㣗 ḧపୗࡼࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࠾ࡼࡧࢱࣥࣃࢡ㊊ࡀ㛗ᮇⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋF1 ∵࡛ࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧங㓟ࡢୖ᪼ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ࡛༴㝤ᅉᏊ࡞ࡾ ࠺ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ (13) ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ㸦➨Ϫ❶ཧ↷㸧㸪ங㓟ࡢୖ᪼ࡣ㸪㧗ࢹࣥࣉ 29 ࣥ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡼࡿࢩࢻ࣮ࢩࢫ (49)㸪iP ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ Ca ࡢపୗࡣ㸪ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟ ஈ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ప Ca ⾑ࡀከⓎࡍࡿࡢሗ࿌ (28) ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡽ㸪పࣅࢱ࣑ ࣥ A ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࡼࡿࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈࡢ㛵ࡀࢃࢀࡓࠋ㟁ゎ㉁࡛࠶ ࡿ Na㸪K ࠾ࡼࡧ Cl ࡢపୗࡣ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡼࡿ྾㞀ᐖࡼࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ➨㹇❶ࡢ JB F1 ∵ࡀΰᅾࡋࡓⓎ⏕≧ἣㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ㸦ᕥ᪉ኚ࡛ࡢ⾑ Ύ Tcho㸪Ca ࠾ࡼࡧ Cl ࡢపୗྑ᪉ኚ࡛ࡢ⾑Ύ Na ࡢపୗ㸧ࢆࡅࡿࡶ ࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ⃰ᗘࡣ㸪F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚⓎࡢࡳ᭷ពప ୗࡋࡓࡀ㸪ୖ㏙ࡋࡓࡈࡃ㸪F1 ∵࡛ࡣ㸪⫧⫱㛤ጞయ㔜ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ⱝ㱋ᮇࡼࡾ㸪 㛗ᮇ㛫ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢ⤥ไ㝈ࢆࡋࡓࡇ㛵㐃ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ ᯝࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎ᭶㱋࠾࠸࡚㸪F1 ∵ࡢ᪉ࡀⱝ㱋࡛࠶ࡿࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦⾲ 6㸧 ࡼࡃ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E Tcho ࡣ┦㛵㛵ಀ࠶ࡾ㸪㣫ᩱ ᦤྲྀ㔞㛵㐃 (60) ࡍࡿࡇ㸪ࡉࡽࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡣங∵࠾࠸࡚ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ༴ 㝤ᅉᏊࡋ࡚ሗ࿌ (43) ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡽ⫧⫱∵࡛ࡶᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕㛵ࡀྰ ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ 㠃㸪JB ∵࡛ࡣ㸪F1 ∵ẚⴭ᫂࡞⾑Ύ AST ࡢୖ᪼ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡇࡽ ᛴᛶ⫢⅖ࡀࢃࢀ㸪デ⒪ᅇᩘ㸦⾲ 6㸧ࡶቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢ᭷ព࡞ኚࡣ㸪JB ∵ࡢ AST ୖ᪼㸦200 IU/L ௨ୖࡀ 10 㢌୰ 2 㢌㸧ࡀ F1 ∵㸦20 㢌୰ 1 㢌㸧ẚ 㸪ከ࠸ࡓࡵ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋJB ∵࠾ࡅࡿṚஸ∵ࡢ 2 ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶᢤ⣒ᚋᐜ ែࡀᝏࡋࡓࡓࡵ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢ㛵㐃ࡣ࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋங∵࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ ኚ∵࡛ࡣ⾑Ύ AST ࡢୖ᪼ࡀከᩘሗ࿌ (10, 11, 22) ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㸪⃰ཌ 㣫ᩱከ⤥࣮࣓࡛ࣝࣥ⏕⏘ࡉࢀࡓ࢚ࣥࢻࢺ࢟ࢩࣥ ࡢ㛵 (59) ࢆྵࡵ㸪ᚋ ᭦࡞ࡿ᳨ウࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 30 ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ⤖ᯝ㸪ᗣ∵ẚ࡚␗ᖖ್ࢆ♧ࡍ㡯┠ࡀ JB ∵ẚ࡚ F1 ∵࡛ከ࠸ࡇࡽ㸪F1 ∵ࡢ᪉ࡀ JB ∵ࡼࡾࡶ㔜⠜ࡋࡸࡍ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡋ ࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪௨ୗࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧ࡢ᳨ウࡣ㸪F1 ∵ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ㛵ࡋ㸪⫧⫱∵࡛ࡢሗ࿌ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ங∵࡛ࡣ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ pH ࡀ 5.5 ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ⣽⳦ࡀቑṪࡋ㸪࢞ࢫࢆ⏘⏕ࡍࡿ༴㝤ࡀ࠶ࡿ (58) ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪㏫➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢࡼࡾ pH ࡀ 1.9 ~ 2.0 ࡲ࡛పୗࡋ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ ࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞༴㝤ᅉᏊ࡞ࡾᚓࡿ (13) ࡢሗ࿌ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋF1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࡛ࡣ㸪 ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ pH ࡀ㸪ᙉ㓟ᛶࢆ♧ࡋ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡽ࣮࣓ࣝࣥ⏤᮶ᛮࢃࢀࡿᮍᾘ ࡢࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫ྛ✀ࡢ⣽⳦ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍⯡ⓗ࣮࣓ࣝࣥ୰ࡢࢹࣥࣉࣥ ࡣᚤ⏕≀ࡼࡗ࡚ศゎ (29) ࡉࢀࡿࠋᅇ᳨ウࡋࡓつᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙ࠾ࡅࡿ⃰ ཌ㣫ᩱ୰ࡢࢹࣥࣉࣥྜࡣ 40 ~ 45㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㏻ᖖ㸪⫧⫱୰ᮇࡢ⃰ཌ㣫ᩱ୰ ࡢࢹࣥࣉࣥྜࡢ᥎ዡ್ࡣ 30 ~ 35㸣 (31) ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉㸪ᗣ∵ࡽࡣᮍᾘ ᑠ⌫ࡣࢇ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡽ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥෆ ᚤ⏕≀࡛ࡣ༑ศ࡞ࢹࣥࣉࣥࡢᾘࡀฟ᮶ࡎ㸪➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢࡸ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ࢺ ࢽ࣮ࡀ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕ࡁ࡞ᙺࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪➨ ᅄ⫶ᾮ pH ࡢపୗࡣ㸪ᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥᑐࡍࡿᑐᛂⓗᛂ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪 ᚋ⢭ᰝࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ⣽⳦᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡽ Bacillus spp ࡢ 3 ✀㢮ࡢ⣽⳦ࡀ᳨ ฟࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪ᗣ∵ࡽࡣ㸪Bacillus spp ࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ௨እ㸪⣽⳦ࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞ ࡗࡓࠋSarashina ࡽ (48) ࡣ㸪ங∵࠾࠸࡚⃰ཌ㣫ᩱከ⤥ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓࣝ ࣮࣓ࣥෆࡢ࣓ࢱࣥ࢞ࢫࡀ VFA ࡶ➨ᅄ⫶ὶධࡋ, ➨ᅄ⫶ࢺࢽ࣮ࢆᘬ ࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥ⏤᮶ࡢ⣽⳦ࡀ➨ᅄ⫶࠾ࡅࡿ࢞ ࢫࢺࣜࣥศἪ㸦⫶㓟ศἪஹ㐍㸧ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶᣦ (51) ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ ࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥෆᚤ⏕≀ࡢṇᖖ⣽⳦ྀࡀ◚ 31 ⥢ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫࡞ࡢ㣗ሢࡶ⣽⳦ࡀ➨ᅄ⫶ὶධࡋ㸪 ࢞ࢫࡀ㈓␃ࡋࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ௨ୖ㸪F1 ∵ࡣ JB ∵ẚ㸪Ṛஸ⋡ࡀࡦࡃ࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⾑Ύ ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ࠾࠸࡚ᗣ∵ᑐࡋ࡚᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡿ㡯┠ࡀከ࠸ࡇࡽ㸪F1 ∵ ࡢᕥ᪉ኚὀ┠ࡋࡓࠋ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡞ࡿࡀ㸪F1 ∵࡛ࡣ㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢపୗ క࠺៏ᛶⓗప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≧ែ㸪➨୍⫶⏤᮶ࡢᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫⣽⳦ࡢ ὶධࡼࡾ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢᙉ㓟ᛶࡀࡸࡸᙉࡃ㸪➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢ㸦➨ᅄ⫶ࢺࢽ ࣮㸧ࡼࡾᕥ᪉ኚࡀⓎࡋ᫆࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ 5. ᑠᣓ ရ✀ᕪ㸦F1 ∵ JB ∵㸧ࡢ᭷↓ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ➨ ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝᡤぢࢆㄪẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ㸪᫂ ࡞ࡇࡀከ࠸ ) ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚⓎࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧ࢆ⢭ᰝࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝ㸪F1 ∵ࡣ JB ∵ẚ㸪ᗣ∵ᑐࡋ࡚⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡿ㡯┠ࡀከࡗ ࡓࠋ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡣᙉ㓟ᛶࢆ♧ࡋ㸪ᮍᾘ⃦⢊⌫ࢆ㧗⋡ㄆࡵࡓࡇࡽ㸪ࢹࣥࣉ ࣥྜࡢ㧗࠸⃰ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈ㛵㐃ࡋࡓ㣗ḧࡢపୗࡀ㸪➨ ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢࢆᣍࡁ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡀㄏⓎࡉࢀࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ 32 ⾲ 5㻚㻌JB 䛸 F1⫧⫱∵䛾➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ䛻䛚䛡䜛ึデ᪥䛾⾑ᾮ䛚䜘䜃⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್䛾ẚ㍑ 㡯┠ 33 䝦䝬䝖䜽䝸䝑䝖 䜾䝹䝁䞊䝇 ங㓟 㐟㞳⬡⫫㓟 ⥲䝁䝺䝇䝔䝻䞊䝹 ⾑୰ᒀ⣲❅⣲ ⥲䝍䞁䝟䜽 䜰䝹䝤䝭䞁 䜹䝹䝅䜴䝮 ↓ᶵ䝸䞁 䝘䝖䝸䜴䝮 䜹䝸䜴䝮 䜽䝻䞊䝹 AST GGT 䝡䝍䝭䞁A 䝡䝍䝭䞁E 䝁䝹䝏䝌䞊䝹 (%) (mg/dl) (mg/dl) ȝ(T/ (mg/dl) (mg/dl) (g/dl) (g/dl) (mg/dl) (mg/dl) 䠄mmol/L䠅 䠄mmol/L䠅 䠄mmol/L䠅 (IU/L) (IU/L) 䠄IU/dl䠅 䠄ȝJGO䠅 䠄ȝJGO䠅 F1 ∵ JB ∵ (༢) ᗣ∵ n = 10 36 ± 3 65 ± 5 7.5 ± 5.5 131 ± 27 108 ± 19 14.2 ± 1.4 7.4 ± 0.4 3.6 ± 0.2 10.0 ± 0.4 7.0 ± 0.5 139 ± 1 4.0 ± 0.4 104 ± 1 70 ± 18 21 ± 4 30 ± 10 257 ± 61 0.2 ± 0.1 䚷 ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ n = 10 35 ± 2 69 ± 10 12.5 ± 5.2 439 ± 180** 61 ± 23** 13.6 ± 4.4 7.2 ± 1.1 3.5 ± 0.4 9.4 ± 1.0 6.2 ± 1.1* 138 ± 8 4.1 ± 0.3 103 ± 7.0 218 ± 186* 24 ± 9 68 ± 65 201 ± 75 0.8 ± 0.7 ᗣ∵ n = 10 35 ± 2 65 ± 6 5.8 ± 1.9 166 ± 84 118 ± 22 12.7 ± 2.5 7.1 ± 0.8 3.7 ± 0.4 10.2 ± 0.6 7.6 ± 0.8 145 ± 9 4.5 ± 0.5 110 ± 8 72 ± 17 18 ± 3 39 ± 9 338 ± 74 1.7 ± 1.7 * P < 0.05, **P < 0.01䠈JB䛚䜘䜃 F1䛾ᗣ∵䛻ᑐ䛩䜛᭷ពᕪ䠄Student 䛾 䡐 ᳨ᐃ䠅 ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ n = 20 36 ± 3 77 ± 17* 11.4 ± 6.7* 606 ± 309** 58 ± 24** 10.6 ± 3.3** 7.1 ± 0.8 3.3 ± 0.4* 8.8 ± 1.2** 6.3 ± 1.3 138 ± 7* 4.0 ± 0.3* 101 ± 8* 123 ± 117 20 ± 7 13 ± 4* 153 ± 61* 1.3 ± 1.3 ⾲ 6.ࠉJB F1⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪 ⤒㐣࠾ࡼࡧ㌿ᖐࡢẚ㍑ 㡯┠ ᡭ⾡๓ ࠉ㣗ḧపୗ ࠉ➨୍⫶㐠ືపୗ ࠉ➨ᅄ⫶᭷㡪㡢㸯㸧 34 ࠉྜే ࠉ ࠉⓎ᭶㱋 ࠉⓎ᪥ ࠉᡭ⾡ᐇ᪥ ᡭ⾡ᚋ ࠉデ⒪ᅇᩘ ࠉ㌿ᖐ 1) ⒵ ᗫ⏝ Ṛஸ JB ∵ n = 10 F1∵ n = 20 10/10 10/10 4/10 5/10 1/10 2䠅 3/10 20.3 ± 6.3 2.1 ± 2.0 4.1 ± 1.7 20/20 20/20 2/20 16/20 2/20 8/203㸧 18 ± 32.9* 2.1 ± 2.3 5.8 ± 6.1 12.0 ± 13.5 8/10 0/10 2/10 5.5 ± 1.6* 18/20 2/20 0/20 +㸹㔠ᒓᛶ᭷㡪㡢㸦PS㸧ࡀே㢌㝈ᒁ⫈ྲྀ㸪++㸹PS ࡀ2ே㢌⫈ྲྀ㸪 ࠉ+++㸹PS ᗈ⠊⫈ྲྀ 2) ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥAḞஈ⫵⅖࣭Ẽ⟶ᨭ⅖2㢌࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥAḞஈ1㢌 3㸧 ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥAḞஈ5㢌㸪⫢⅖2㢌࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥAḞஈ⫢⅖1㢌 * P < 0.05, JB∵ᑐࡍࡿ᭷ពᕪ䠄Student ࡢ t ᳨ᐃ㸧 A B pH 100 4 80 (䠂) 5 3 60 2 40 1 20 0 ᗣ∵ ᅗ 6. ࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫᳨ฟ⋡ 0 ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ ᗣ∵ ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ pH㸦A㸧ࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫᳨ฟ⋡㸦B㸧 ᑐ↷∵㸦 ; ڧn = 19ᕥ᪉ኚ∵㸦 ; ڦn = 20 200 ȝP ᅗ 7 F1 ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ୰࠾࠸࡚㸪 ࣚ࢘⣲ࢹࣥࣉࣥᛂ࡛⣸Ⰽᰁࡲࡿᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥ⌫㸦▮༳㸧 35 (䠂) 60 ᳨ฟ⋡ 80 40 20 0 Bacillus spp Pseudomonas spp Clostridium spp Candida spp ᅗ 8F1⫧⫱ ∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ⣽⳦᳨ฟ⋡ ᗣ∵㸦 ; ڧn = 19 㸧ᕥ᪉ኚ∵㸦 ; ڦn = 20 㸧 36 ➨Ϫ❶ F1 ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⾡ᚋணᚋ㛵ࡍࡿᅉᏊࡢ᳨ウ 1. ᗎᩥ ➨Ϩ❶࠾ࡼࡧ➨ϩ❶࠾࠸࡚㸪つᶍ⫧⫱∵⩌࡛ࡣ㸪ࢹࣥࣉࣥྜࡢ㧗࠸⃰ ཌ㣫ᩱࡢ⤥ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ไ㝈ࡼࡗ࡚➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡀⓎࡋ᫆࠸ࡇ㸪F1 ∵ࡣ JB ∵ẚ㸪⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ࠾࠸࡚᭷ពᕪࢆ♧ࡍ㡯┠ࡀከࡃ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ ࡢែࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪F1 ∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮᛶ≧ࡢㄪᰝࡽ pH ࡢపୗ㸪ᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫࠾ࡼࡧ⣽⳦ࡢ᳨ฟ⤖ᯝࡽ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚⓎࡢ ㄏᅉࡣ➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢࡼࡿࡶࡢ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ ㏻ᖖ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࢆⓎࡋࡓ∵ࡣ㸪☜ᐃデ᩿ᚋ㸪┤ࡕእ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ࡀࡉ ࢀࡿࡀ㸪⾡ᚋᗫ⏝ࡸṚஸࡢ㌿ᖐࢆࡓࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࠼ࡤ㸪ᐑᇛ┴ෆࡢ つᶍ㎰ሙࡢሙྜ㸦➨ I ❶㸧㸪F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ 203 㢌ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㸦⾲ 2㸧ࢆᇶࡍ ࡿ㸪⒵ࡣ 51%㸪ᗫ⏝ࡣ 45%࠾ࡼࡧṚஸࡣ 4% ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⣙༙ᩘࡢື≀ࡀᗫ⏝ ࡲࡓࡣṚஸࡋணᚋⰋ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪⾡๓࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᡭ⾡┤ᚋ㸪ࡇࢀ ࡽࡢ∵ࢆ᪩ᮇ㑅ู࡛ࡁࢀࡤ㸪⤒῭ⓗᦆኻࡣ㸪ࡁࡃ㍍ῶ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛㸪Roussel ࡽ (45) ࡣ㸪ங∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚࡢணᚋࡢᣦᶆࡋ࡚ࡉࢀࡿ⾑ Ύ Ca ࡸ K ࡣ㸪⫗⏝∵ࡣ⏝࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ๓❶࠾࠸࡚㸪F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚࡢึデ㸦⾲ 5㸧㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ᭷ព 㧗್ࢆ♧ࡍࡇࢆ᫂ࡽࡋࡓࡀ㸪ங∵࡛ࡣ㧗⾑⢾ࡀ➨ᅄ⫶ࡢ㐠ືᛶࢆపୗࡉ ࡏ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢ pH ࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿ (13) ࡇࡸ㸪ࢪ࣮ࣕࢪ࣮∵࡛㸪ࢩࢻ࣮ࢩࢫ ࡼࡾࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࡼࡿࣥࢫࣜࣥศἪ⬟ࡀపୗࡍࡿ (3) ࡇ㸪Ⓨ⫱ Ⰻࡢ㯮ẟ✀∵ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁࣥࢫࣜࣥศἪ⬟ࡀప ୗࡍࡿࡇ (56) ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ங∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࡛ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵ ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁ㸪ࣥࢫࣜࣥศἪ⬟ࡢపୗࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ (42) ࠸࠺ሗ࿌ࡶ 37 ࠶ࡿࠋ㏫㸪㧗Ἢங∵࡛ࡣ㸪㧗ࣥࢫࣜࣥ⾑ࡀᕥ᪉ኚࡢ༴㝤ᅉᏊ࡞ࡾ࠺ ࡿࡢሗ࿌ (57) ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢሗ࿌ࡽ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࡛ࡶ㸪⢾௦ㅰ ࡢ␗ᖖࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋங∵࡛ࡣᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⮅⮚ș⣽⬊ࡽ ࡢࣥࢫࣜࣥศἪ⬟ࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡢ㟼⬦ෆᢞࡼࡿࢢࣝࢥ ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (47)ࠋ ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪⢾௦ㅰᶵ⬟ࡀ F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚࡢணᚋุᐃᅉᏊ࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿ࠸࠺௬ ㄝࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛㸪ᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫࢹ࣮ࢱࡘ࠸࡚ᗣ∵ ணᚋⰋዲ∵ணᚋⰋ∵ࡘ࠸࡚ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࡛ࡣ㸪 ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⃰ᗘ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘࡢ␗ᖖࡀ≉ᚩⓗࡳࡽࢀࡓࡓࡵࠊ≉ ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪⢾௦ㅰᶵ⬟ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ 2. ᮦᩱ᪉ἲ 2 - 1. ౪ヨ∵ ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝࡣ㸪እ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ࢆᐇࡋࡓ F1 ∵ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪 ⒵∵ 8 㢌㸦㞝ཤໃ 6 㢌㸪㞤 2 㢌㸪⏕ᚋ 18.5 ± 3.8 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪య㔜 433 ± 78 kg㸧㸪 ⾡ᚋ 4 㐌㛫௨ෆᗫ⏝࠾ࡼࡧṚஸࡋࡓணᚋⰋ࡞ࡗࡓ F1 ∵ 8 㢌㸦ཤໃ 7 㢌㸪 㞤 1 㢌㸪⏕ᚋ 18.4 ± 2.9 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪య㔜 458 ± 53 kg㸧ࢆணᚋⰋ∵㸪࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋ ⓗᗣデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ F1 ∵ 8 㢌㸦ཤໃ 8 㢌㸪㞤 2 㢌㸪⏕ᚋ 19.6 ± 1.9 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪 య㔜 475 ± 41 kg㸧ࢆᑐ↷ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࡣ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ F1 ∵ 5 㢌㸦ཤໃ㸪⏕ ᚋ 24.6 ± 1.1 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪య㔜 509 ± 69 kg㸧࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋⓗᗣデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ F1 ∵ 5 㢌㸦ཤໃ㸪⏕ᚋ 24.7 ± 1.6 ࣧ᭶㱋㸪య㔜 510 ± 34 kg㸧ࢆᑐ↷ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡓࠋ 38 2 - 2. ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ ⾑ᾮ᳨ᰝࡣணᚋⰋዲ∵࠾ࡼࡧⰋ∵ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸪ᡭ⾡๓㸦ึデ᪥ࡽ 5 ᪥௨ ෆ㸧ᡭ⾡ᚋ 10 ᪥㸦ᢤ⣒᪥㸧㟼⬦⾑ࢆ᥇⾑ࡋ㸪2 㛫௨ෆ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ ࢆศ㞳ࡋࡓࠋ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ FFA㸪Tcho㸪BUN㸪TP㸪ࣝࣈ࣑ࣥ㸪 Ca㸪iP㸪Na㸪Cl㸪AST ࠾ࡼࡧ GGT ࡣ㸪࣮࢜ࢺࢼࣛࢨ࣮࡛ ᐃ㸦➨㹇❶㸪2 - 4 ཧ↷㸧ࡋࡓࠋࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࠾ࡼࡧ E ࡣ㸪㧗㏿ᾮయࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࣮ἲ㸦➨ Ϩ❶㸪2 - 5 ཧ↷㸧࡛㸪ࣥࢫࣜࣥࢥࣝࢳࢰ࣮ࣝࡣᏛⓎග㓝⣲ච ᐃἲ 㸦➨ϩ❶㸪2 - 3 ཧ↷㸧ࡼࡾ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 3. ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂 Anderson ࡽࡢሗ࿌ (1) ࢆಟṇࡋ࡚ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪 య㔜ẚࡽ༙㔞ࡋ࡚㸪25㸣ࣈࢻ࢘⢾㸦ࢮࣀࢵࢡ♫㸪⚟ᓥ㸧ࢆ 500 mL/㢌 㸦ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ 125 g/㢌㸧ࢆ㟼⬦ෆ 50 mL/min ࡢὀධ㏿ᗘ࡛ᢞࡋࡓࠋ᥇⾑ ࡣ㸪㈇Ⲵ๓㸪㈇Ⲵᚋ 60 ศ࠾ࡼࡧ 90 ศࡢ 3 ᅇ⾜࠸㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ ᐃ⏝ ࡣ㸪ࣇࢵࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘ຍ࣊ࣃࣜࣥධࡾ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸦࣋ࣀࢪ࢙ࢡࢺϩ┿✵᥇⾑ ⟶㸪ࢸࣝࣔओ㸪ᮾி㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 2 mL㸪⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ ᐃ⏝ࡣ㸪⾑Ύศ㞳 จᅛಁ㐍ࣇ࣒ࣝධ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸦࣋ࣀࢪ࢙ࢡࢺϩ┿✵᥇⾑⟶㸪ࢸࣝࣔओ㸪ᮾ ி㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 8 mL ࢆᑐഃ㢕㟼⬦ࡼࡾ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࠋ3 ᅇࡢ᥇⾑㛫ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵࠾ ࠸࡚㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢᛂࡀ㈇Ⲵᚋ 30 ~ 60 ศᚋ㉳ ࡇࡾ㸪 120 ศ௨ෆᢞ๓ᖐࡍࡿ࠸࠺ࢹ࣮ࢱ (1, 47) ࢆᇶタᐃࡋࡓࠋ 2 - 4. ⤫ィᏛⓗゎᯒ ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣᖹᆒ್ ± SD ࡛⾲ࡋ㸪ᗣ∵ࡢẚ㍑ࡣ Kruskal-Wallis’ test ࢆ⏝࠸ P < 0.05 ࢆ᭷ពᕪ࠶ࡾࡋࡓࠋᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫࢹ 39 ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪ணᚋⰋዲ∵࠾ࡼࡧⰋ∵ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ F ᳨ᐃᚋ paired t - test ࡼࡾ P < 0.05 ࢆ᭷ពᕪ࠶ࡾࡋࡓࠋࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇ Ⲵヨ㦂ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⾑ Ύ࣭⾑₢⃰ᗘ㸫㛫᭤⥺ୗ㠃✚㸦AUC㸧ࡢ 0 ࡽ 90 ศࡲ࡛ࡢ್㸦AUC㸮 - 㸷㸮 㸧ࢆྎᙧἲ࡛⟬ฟࡋ㸪P < 0.05 ࢆ᭷ពᕪ࠶ࡾࡋࡓࠋ min 3. ⤖ᯝ 3 - 1. ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢᗣ∵㸪ணᚋⰋዲ⩌ணᚋⰋ⩌ࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑ Ύࣥࢫ್ࣜࣥࢆᅗ 9 㸪ࡑࡢࡢ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ࢆ⾲ 7 ♧ࡋࡓࠋᗣ∵ ᑐࡋ㸪ணᚋⰋዲ⩌࠾ࡼࡧணᚋⰋ⩌ࡢ࡚࡛㸪ᡭ⾡ᚋ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ᭷ ព㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 9A㸧ࠋࡲࡓ㸪ணᚋⰋ⩌ࡢࡳ࡛㸪ᡭ⾡ᚋࡢ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜ ࣥࡀ᭷ពపୗࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢኚࡣ㸪ணᚋⰋዲ⩌ࡢᡭ⾡๓ᚋᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ᭷ព࡞ ప್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 9B㸧ࠋ ࡑࡢ㸪ணᚋⰋዲ⩌࡛ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵ẚ࡚㸪⾡๓⾑Ύ Tcho㸪Ca ࠾ࡼࡧ K ࡀప್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢ㧗್㸪⾡ᚋ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡢప್ࡀࡳࡽࢀ ࡓࠋ୍᪉㸪ணᚋⰋ⩌࡛ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵ẚ࡚㸪⾡๓⾑Ύ Tcho㸪Ca㸪K ࠾ࡼࡧ ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡢప್⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢ㧗್ࡀ㸪⾡ᚋ⾑Ύ Tcho㸪ࣝࣈ࣑ ࣥ㸪Ca ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡢప್ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦⾲ 7㸧ࠋ ⾡ᚋࡢணᚋⰋዲணᚋⰋ⩌ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ㸪ணᚋⰋ⩌࡛⾑Ύࣝࣈ࣑ࣥ Ca ࡀ᭷ពቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢኚࡣࡈࡃ㍍ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ࡞࠾㸪F1 ∵ࡢ㞝ཤໃ㞤ࡢ㛫ࡣᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱ♧ࡉࡎ㸧ࠋ 40 3 - 2. ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂 ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂࠾ࡅࡿ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⃰ᗘ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘࡢ᥎ ⛣ࢆᅗ 10 ♧ࡋࡓࠋ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ࡛㈇Ⲵ 90 ศᚋ᭷ព㧗್ ࢆ♧ࡋ㸦ᅗ 10A㸧㸪⟬ฟࡋࡓ AUC㸮 - 㸷㸮 min ࡣ㸪ᑐ↷㸦49.1 ± 6.9 mg·min/mL㸧 ᑐࡋ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ㸦64.7 ± 11.9 mg·min/mL㸧࡛᭷ព࡞㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ࡛㈇Ⲵ 60 ศᚋ᭷ពప್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸦ᅗ 10B㸧㸪 ⟬ฟࡋࡓ AUC㸮 - 㸷㸮 min ࡣ㸪ᑐ↷㸦2.13 ± 1.36 ȝ8āPLQPL㸧ᑐࡋ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ 㸦0.95 ± 0.39 ȝ8āPLQPL㸧࡛᭷ព࡞ప್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ 4. ⪃ᐹ F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚࡢึデࡣ㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ᭷ព࡞㧗್ࢆ♧ࡍࡇࢆ๓ ❶㸦⾲ 5㸧࡛᫂ࡽࡋࡓࡀ㸪ங∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ࣥࢫࣜࣥศἪ⬟ ࡀపୗࡍࡿࡢሗ࿌ (42) ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪⢾௦ㅰࡢ␗ ᖖࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ⌧ᛶࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ ࢫ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢᛂࡀணᚋุᐃ⏝࡛ࡁࡿ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡣ㸪ᡭ⾡๓ᚋ࠾ࡼࡧணᚋ㸦Ⰻዲ࣭Ⰻ㸧ಀࢃࡾ࡞ࡃ㸪ᗣ ∵ẚ࡚ࡢ⩌࡛᭷ព㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋHoltenius ࡽ (13) ࡼࡿ㸪ங ∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ࠾࠸࡚㸪㧗⾑⢾ࡀᣢ⥆ࡍࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᖹ➽㐠ືᢚไࡀ⥆Ⓨ ࡋ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ࢺࢽ࣮ࡼࡾෆᐜ≀ࡢࡀ㉳ࡇࡾ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ pH ࡀపୗࡍࡿࡇ ࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢែࡣ㸪➨ II ❶࡛㏙ࡓࡈࡃ㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ ࡢᡤぢࡰ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡢᣢ⥆ⓗୖ᪼ࡀᕥ᪉ኚࡢ₯ᅾ ⓗ࡞༴㝤ᅉᏊ࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ 41 ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡣ㸪ᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢணᚋⰋ⩌࡛ᗣ∵ẚ᭷ពప್ࢆ♧ࡋ ࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࡢኚࡣ㸪ணᚋⰋዲ⩌ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ᭷ព࡞ప್࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋங∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ ࡛ࡣ㸪ᣢ⥆ᛶ࡞➨ᅄ⫶ࢺࢽ࣮ࡀࡳࡽࢀ㸪⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢపୗᙉ࠸㛵㐃 ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ (1) ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ୖグࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡢୖ ᪼ྜࢃࡏ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢపୗࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸪⮅⮚ࡽࡢࣥࢫࣜࣥศἪᢚไ ࡀ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡢୖ᪼⧅ࡀࡗࡓࡇࡀ௬ㄝࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢ௬ㄝࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ F1 ∵ᗣ∵ࢆ⏝࠸ ࡚㸪☜ᐃデ᩿ࡢࡓࡵࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵࡛ࡣ㸪⾑ ₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ㈇Ⲵᚋ 90 ศ᭷ព㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡢᑐࡋ㸪⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ ࡀ㈇Ⲵᚋ 60 ศ᭷ពప್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵࡛ࡣ㸪⾑₢ࢢ ࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡢୖ᪼⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢపୗࡣ㛫ⓗᕪ␗ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵಀࢃࡽࡎ㸪⮅⮚ș⣽⬊ࡽࣥࢫࣜࣥࡀ༑ศศἪࡉࢀࡎ㸪⤖ ᯝࡋ࡚㸪⫢⮚࡛ࡢࢢࣜࢥ࣮ࢤࣥྜᡂࡀᢚไࡉࢀ㸪⾑₢୰ࡢࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀୖ᪼ ࡋࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵࡛ࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫୖ᪼ࡣ㸪⮅⮚ ș⣽⬊ࡢᶵ⬟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪ᗣ∵ࡢሙྜ㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ ㈇Ⲵ┤ᚋࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ್ࡀୖ᪼ࡋ㸪ࡇࢀᑐࡋ࡚ࣥࢫࣜࣥࡀᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡀ㸪ࡇࡢᛂࡣ᪤ሗ (47) ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ୖグ F1 ∵ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪ங∵࠾ࡅࡿࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࡢሗ࿌ (42, 47) ࡶࡼ ࡃ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪Samanc ࡽ (47) ࡣ㸪ங∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ∵ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪⮅⮚ࡢș⣽⬊ࡽࡢࣥࢫࣜࣥศἪᶵ⬟㞀ᐖࢆᣦࡋ㸪ࡉ ࡽᕥ᪉ኚࡀⓎࡋ࡚ࡽᩚᡭ⾡ࡲ࡛ࡢ᪥ᩘࢆẚ㍑ࡋ㸪ᡭ⾡᪥ࡀ㐜࠸ ࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢศἪᛂࡀపࡗࡓࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪Pravettoni ࡽ (42) ࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾࠸࡚㸪⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘ➨ᅄ⫶ࢺࢽ࣮ࡣ㛵㐃ᛶ ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇࢆ⥲ྜࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡿ㸪⮅⮚ࡽࡢ 42 ࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢศἪࡀపୗࡋ㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡢୖ᪼ࡀᣢ⥆ࡉࢀ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ᖹ➽ࡢ 㐠ືᛶࡢపୗࡀㄏⓎࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ࡢ㣗ሢࡓࡵ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮ pH ࡢప ୗࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡞࠾㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ௨እࡢ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ್ࢆ㸪⾡๓ ⾑Ύ Tcho㸪Ca ࠾ࡼࡧ K ࡢపୗ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢቑຍ㸪⾡ᚋ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡢపୗ࠸࠺ணᚋⰋዲ⩌ࡢᡂ⦼ࢆᇶ㸪⾡๓⾑Ύ Tcho㸪Ca㸪K ࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ ࣑ࣥ E ࡢపୗ⾑Ύࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ࡢቑຍ㸪⾡ᚋ⾑Ύ Tcho㸪ࣝࣈ࣑ࣥ㸪Ca ࠾ ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ E ࡢపୗ࠸࠺ணᚋⰋ⩌ࡢᡂ⦼ࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ㸪ᗣ∵ẚ ᭷ពᕪࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢᐇᩘ್ࡢᕪ␗ࡣ㍍ᚤ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ணᚋⰋ⩌ࡢ≉ᛶࢆ⾲ࢃࡍ ኚ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇࡽ㸪ᩚᡭ⾡ᚋࡢணᚋᣦᶆࡣ࡞ࡾ࠼࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ௨ୖ㸪F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾࠸࡚㸪ᩚᡭ⾡┤ᚋࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⾑Ύࣥ ࢫࣜࣥࡢ ᐃࡣ㸪ணᚋุᐃᅉᏊ⏝࡛ࡁࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࡣ㸪ุᐃࡢ☜ㄆᡭἲࡋ࡚᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ 5. ᑠᣓ ⫧⫱∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⾡ᚋࡢணᚋุᐃᅉᏊࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪F1 ∵ࡢ ᗣ∵ணᚋⰋዲ∵࠾ࡼࡧⰋ∵ࡢᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ ࢆㄪᰝࡋ㸪ࡉࡽࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⤖ᯝ㸪ணᚋⰋ∵ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵ ẚᩚ๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ⾑ΎࣥࢫࣜࣥࡣⰋዲ∵ ẚ࡚ࡶᡭ⾡๓ᚋ࡛ప್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪ᗣ∵ᑐࡋ ࡚㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ∵ࡢ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡀ㈇Ⲵ 60 ศᚋప್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ ࢫࡀ㈇Ⲵ 90 ศᚋ㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ⮅⮚ș⣽⬊ࡢᶵ⬟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ ᥎ ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢ ᐃࡣ㸪ணᚋุᐃᅉᏊࡋ࡚⏝࡛ࡁࡿุ᩿ࡉࢀࡓࠋ 43 A ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⃰ᗘ 120 (mg/dL) * * 90 * * 60 30 ᗣ∵ ணᚋⰋዲ∵ ணᚋⰋ∵ ணᚋⰋዲ∵ ணᚋⰋ∵ ᡭ⾡๓ B ᡭ⾡ᚋ ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘ 12 10 (ȝ8/L) 8 6 *† 4 ** † 2 0 ᗣ∵ ணᚋⰋዲ∵ ணᚋⰋ∵ ணᚋⰋዲ∵ ணᚋⰋ∵ ᡭ⾡๓ ᡭ⾡ᚋ ᅗ 9. F1 ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㸦A㸧 ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘ㸦B㸧 ⟽ࣄࢤᅗࡣୗ㝈 10, ⟽ୗẁ 25, ⟽୰ኸ50, ⟽ୖẁ 75 ࠾ࡼࡧୖ㝈 90 㸣ࣃ࣮ࢭࣥࢱࣝࢆ♧ࡍ *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 ࡣᗣ∵ᑐࡍࡿ᭷ពᕪ㸦Kruskal-Wallisࡢ᳨ᐃ㸧 †P < 0.05 ࡣᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢྛணᚋⰋዲ∵ᑐࡍࡿ᭷ពᕪStudent ࡢ t ᳨ᐃ㸧 n=8 44 45 ⾲ 7. F1⫧⫱∵䛾➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋ䛻䛚䛡䜛ணᚋู䛾⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ್䛾ẚ㍑ ᡭ⾡๓ ᡭ⾡ᚋ 㡯┠ 㸦༢㸧 ᗣ∵䠍䠅 ணᚋⰋዲ∵ ணᚋⰋ∵ ணᚋⰋዲ∵ ணᚋⰋ∵ n=8 n=8 n=8 n=8 n=8 ȝ(T/ 165 ± 40 362 ± 240 353 ± 256 256 ± 100 203 ± 85 㐟㞳⬡⫫㓟 * * 113 ± 19 78 ± 13 71 ± 27 101 ± 35 85 ± 35* ⥲䝁䝺䝇䝔䝻䞊䝹 (mg/dl) 14 ± 3 10 ± 3 10 ± 4 10 ± 3 11 ± 3 ⾑୰ᒀ⣲❅⣲ (mg/dl) (g/dl) 7.5 ± 0.4 7.3 ± 1 6.9 ± 0.9 7.6 ± 0.2 7.4 ± 0.3 ⥲䝍䞁䝟䜽 (g/dl) 3.7 ± 0.1 3.5 ± 0.6 3.2 ± 0.5 3.8 ± 0.2 3.5 ± 0.1† 䜰䝹䝤䝭䞁 (mg/dl) 10.3 ± 0.7 9.1 ± 1.2* 9.2 ± 0.9* 10.1 ± 0.4 9.5 ± 1.0† 䜹䝹䝅䜴䝮 (mg/dl) 7.6 ± 0.8 6.7 ± 1.6 6.3 ± 0.8 7.3 ± 0.6 6.2 ± 1.4 ↓ᶵ䝸䞁 142 ± 10 137 ± 8 140 ± 2 138 ± 3 䠄mmol/L䠅 147 ± 10 䝘䝖䝸䜴䝮 * ** 䠄mmol/L䠅 4.7 ± 0.4 4.2 ± 0.2 4.1 ± 0.3 4.6 ± 0.4 4.2 ± 0.5 䜹䝸䜴䝮 106 ± 9 102 ± 8 105 ± 2 103 ± 4 䠄mmol/L䠅 112 ± 9 䜽䝻䞊䝹 AST (IU/L) 78 ± 16 86 ± 19 86 ± 35 68 ± 7 88 ± 46 GGT (IU/L) 19 ± 5 17 ± 4 23 ± 9 17 ± 3 20 ± 9 * * 䝡䝍䝭䞁A 䠄IU/dl䠅 37 ± 12 40 ± 25 84 ± 51 76 ± 15 71 ± 23 ** * 䠄ȝJGO䠅 346 ± 85 223 ± 100 193 ± 67 300 ± 35 254 ± 72* 䝡䝍䝭䞁㻱 2 ± 1.8 2.3 ± 2.2 1.2 ± 0.9 1.5 ± 0.9 0.9 ± 1.2 䝁䝹䝏䝌䞊䝹 䠄ȝJGO䠅 1) * P < 0.05䠈 ** P < 0.01 ᗣ∵䛻ᑐ䛩䜛᭷ពᕪ (Kruskal - Wallis䚷䛾᳨ᐃ) † P < 0.05, ᡭ⾡๓ᚋ䛾ணᚋⰋዲ∵䛻ᑐ䛩䜛᭷ពᕪ䠄Student䛾 䡐 ᳨ᐃ䠅 A ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⃰ᗘ 100 ** (mg/dL) 80 60 40 20 0 pre 60 90 ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵᚋ㛫㸦min㸧 B ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘ (ȝ8/L) 80 60 40 * 20 0 pre 60 90 ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵᚋ㛫㸦min㸧 ᅗ 10 . F1 ⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࡼࡿ ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㸦A㸧⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥ⃰ᗘ㸦B㸧ࡢ᥎⛣ ➨ࡣ ەᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚ∵㸦n = 5Უ 㸪ࡣ ۑᗣ∵㸦n = 5Უ *P < 0.05 ᗣ∵ᑐࡍࡿ᭷ពᕪ Student ࡢ t ᳨ᐃ㸧 pre๓್ 46 ⥲ᣓ ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕ࡣつᶍ㎰ሙࢆ୰ᚰቑຍഴྥ࠶ࡿࡀヲ ⣽࡞◊✲ࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛㸪௨ୗ 3 ❶ࢃࡓࡾ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣࢆㄪࡿࡶ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢែࢆ⮫ᗋᡤぢ㸪⮫ᗋ⏕Ꮫ ⓗ᳨ᰝ࠾ࡼࡧ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࡢᛶ≧ࡢゎᯒࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡉࡽ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ኚⓎᚋࡢ⾡ ᚋணᚋุᐃ㛵ࡍࡿせᅉࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆຍ࠼ࡓࠋ ➨Ϩ❶࡛ࡣ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚྑ᪉ኚࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ⮫ᗋᡤ ぢࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛㸪ᐑᇛ┴⟶ෆ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ ኚࡘ࠸࡚㸪デ⒪࢝ࣝࢸࢆᇶゎᯒࡋࡓࠋつᶍ⫧⫱㎰ሙࢆ୰ᚰ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ ࡀከⓎഴྥ࠶ࡾ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡢⓎᮇࡣ㸪⾑୰ࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ⃰ᗘࡢపୗ᭶㱋 ࡰ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪⫗㉁ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿ┠ⓗ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࣅࢱ ࣑ࣥ A ࡢไ㝈⤥ࡀ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕ࡁࡃ㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋⓎ ⏕㢖ᗘࡣ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚࡀྑ᪉ኚẚ㧗ࡃ㸪Ṛஸࡣ㸪ྑ᪉ኚࡢ᪉ࡀ㧗ࡗ ࡓࠋྑ᪉ኚ࡛ࡣ㸪ేⓎࡋࡓྜేࡀṚஸ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪⒪ᅇ ᩘࡶከࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ⤖ᯝࡽྑ᪉ኚ࡛ࡣ㸪㌿క࠺㟁ゎ ㉁ࡢపୗࡀ≧ࡢ㔜⠜⧅ࡀࡗࡓ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ⒪ἲࡣ㸪እ⛉ⓗᩚᡭ⾡ ࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ ➨ϩ❶࡛ࡣ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢရ✀㸦JB㸸㯮ẟ✀ F1㸸㞧✀㸧࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ ᪉ኚࡢែ࠾ࡼࡧ⮫ᗋᡤぢࡢ≉ᚩࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛㸪ᕥ᪉ኚデ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ JB F1 ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ึデ᪥㸪⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᩚ ᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⮫ᗋᡤぢ࠾ࡼࡧ㌿ᖐࢆㄪ㸪୧ရ✀㛫࡛ᕪ␗ࡀ࠶ࡿ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ࡉࡽ㸪F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚᡭ⾡ᚓࡓ➨ᅄ⫶ᾮࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ᛶ≧㸦pH, ࣚ࢘⣲ࢹ ࣥࣉࣥᛂ࠾ࡼࡧ⣽⳦᳨ᰝ㸧ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ึデ᪥ࡢ⾑ᾮ࠾ࡼ 47 ࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫ᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ F1 ∵ࡣ㸪JB ∵ẚ㔜⠜ࡋ᫆ࡗࡓࠋⓎ⏕ᶵᗎࡋ ࡚㸪ࢹࣥࣉࣥྜࡢ㧗࠸㓄ྜ㣫ᩱࡶࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A ไ㝈㣫ᩱࡢ㛗ᮇ⤥ࡀ㸪 ➨ᅄ⫶㐠ືࡢ㸦pH ࡢపୗ㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥ⏤᮶ࡢᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫ 4 ✀ࡢ ⣽⳦ࡢὶධ㸧ࢆᣍࡁ㸪ኚࡀㄏⓎࡉࢀࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ➨Ϫ❶࡛ࡣ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢ➨ᅄ⫶ᕥ᪉ኚࡢ⾡ᚋணᚋ㛵ࡍࡿᅉᏊࢆㄪࡿࡇ ࢆ┠ⓗ㸪F1 ∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾ࡅࡿᡭ⾡๓ᚋࡢ⾑₢࠾ࡼࡧ⾑Ύ⏕Ꮫࢹ࣮ࢱ ࡢ⌧ᛶࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪⾑ᾮᏛࣃࢱ࣓࣮ ࢱࡢ୰࡛⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⾑ΎࣥࢫࣜࣥࡀணᚋุᐃᅉᏊ࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿ᳨ウࡋ ࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪⫧⫱∵ࡢᕥ᪉ኚ࠾࠸࡚㸪ணᚋⰋ⩌ࡢࡳ࡛㸪ᩚᡭ⾡๓ᚋ ᗣ∵ẚ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪ᡭ⾡๓ᚋⰋዲ∵ẚ⾑Ύ ࣥࢫࣜࣥࡀప್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪☜ᐃデ᩿ࡢࡓࡵ⾜ࡗࡓࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ㈇Ⲵヨ㦂࡛ ࡣ㸪ኚ∵࠾࠸࡚㸪⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡀ㈇Ⲵ 60 ศᚋప್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝ ࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ㈇Ⲵ 90 ศᚋୖ᪼ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ⮅⮚ș⣽⬊ࡢᶵ⬟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ ᥎ ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᩚᡭ⾡┤ᚋࡢ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡢ ᐃࡣ㸪⾡ᚋணᚋุᐃᅉᏊ⏝࡛ࡁࡿุ᩿ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪⫧⫱∵࠾ࡅࡿ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡣつᶍ⫧⫱∵⩌ࢆ୰ᚰቑຍࡋ ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈࡸྜే㸦Ẽ⟶ᨭ⅖㸪⫵⅖࠾ࡼࡧ⫢⅖㸧ࡼ ࡿ㛗ᮇࡢ㣗ḧపୗ㸪➨ᅄ⫶ࡢ㐠ືᛶࡢపୗࡀ➨ᅄ⫶ኚࡢⓎ⏕ࡢࡁ࡞ㄏᅉ ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ F1 ∵࡛ࡣ㸪⮫ᗋ⏕Ꮫⓗኚࡀ JB ∵ẚ㢧ⴭࡳࡽࢀ㸪ప࢚ ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≧ែ⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⃰ᗘࡢୖ᪼࠾ࡼࡧࣅࢱ࣑ࣥ A Ḟஈ≧ែ࠶ࡿࡇ 㸪࣮࣓ࣝࣥ⏤᮶ࡢᮍᾘࢹࣥࣉࣥᑠ⌫࠾ࡼࡧ⣽⳦ࡢὶධᙉ㓟ᛶࡼࡿ➨ ᅄ⫶ࡢ㐠ືᛶࡢపୗࢺࢽ࣮ࡀㄏᅉ࡞ࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᕥ᪉ኚ ∵ࡢᡭ⾡┤ᚋࡢணᚋุᐃࡣ㸪⾑₢ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ⾑Ύࣥࢫࣜࣥࡀ⏝࡛ࡁࡿ ࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 48 Studies on the pathogenesis, proposed mechanism, and prognostic judgment in beef cattle with displaced abomasum ICHIJO, Toshihiro The onset of displaced abomasum (DA) becomes increasingly more frequent, especially at feeder stock farms in Japan. However, no detailed investigations with a focus on DA including left DA (LDA) and right DA (RDA) have been performed in beef cattle to date. To elucidate the pathogenesis, proposed mechanism, and prognostic judgment, the current status of DA was first assessed based on retrospective reports from Miyagi prefecture, a southern Tohoku region in Japan. Next, the breed-related differences in LDA were examined between the beef cattle, namely, Japanese Black (JB) cattle and crosses (F1) of JB and Holstein dairy cattle, in a mega-farm at Miyagi. Moreover, changes in clinical signs, blood examination, and plasma and serum biochemistries were studied using F1 cattle with LDA together with analyses of the abomasal fluid composition. Finally, specific prognostic items were explored before and after surgery. In Chapter I, to examine the occurrence and clinical feature in beef cattle with LDA and RDA, the cumulative data were retrospectively analyzed. The age (15-17 months) at onset of DA in beef cattle was in good agreement with the age at onset of reduced serum vitamin A concentrations. This implies that long-term feeding of a vitamin A-deficient diet, which is carried out to facilitate the quality of marbled meats in general, may trigger the occurrence of DA. Additionally, the incidence of LDA was considerably higher than that of RDA. However, mortality in beef cattle with RDA was significantly higher than that in those with LDA. This was presumably due to complications such as hepatitis and 49 bronchitis and imbalances in serum electrolytes in beef cattle with RDA. The medical treatment times were also significantly higher in beef cattle with RDA than in those with LDA. Surgical repositioning was shown to be the best way for the treatment of DA. In Chapter II, to ascertain the breed-related difference between JB and F1 cattle with LDA, clinical signs, blood examination, and serum biochemistry were examined on the first day of onset. Statistically significant differences in serum biochemistry items were much greater in F1 cattle than in JB cattle, because F1 cattle were given the vitamin Adeficient diet with a high starch component for a long period of time starting from a young age. In fact, F1 cattle with LDA had significantly lower serum vitamin A levels than did JB cattle with LDA. Abomasal pH in F1 cattle with LDA was significantly lower than that in healthy cattle, and Pseudomonas spp, Clostridium spp and Candida spp was present in the abomasal fluid, owing to the accelerated influx of ruminal fluid into the abomasum. The findings demonstrate that F1 cattle with LDA may develop vitamin A deficiency due to maldigestion of starch, leading to high acidic abomasal fluid. In Chapter III, to identify specific item for the prognostic judgment in F1 cattle with LDA, changes in plasma and serum biochemistries were examined before and after surgery. The cattle were divided into three groups; the healthy group, poor prognostic group and bad prognostic group. High plasma glucose and low serum insulin concentrations were observed either before or after surgery only in the poor prognostic group. In the glucose tolerance test, lower serum insulin and higher plasma glucose were noted 60 min and 90 min, respectively, after the glucose loading in F1 cattle with LDA than in healthy cattle. The mechanism by which these events occurred may involve dysfunction of the pancreatic ȕ cells, leading to lowered insulin release in response to 50 glucose. The results suggest that the measurement of plasma glucose and serum insulin before and after surgery is a useful and expedient tool for diagnosing LDA in F1 cattle. Taken together, it is crucial for beef cattle to manage serum vitamin A levels from the early to intermediate phases, because of feeding the vitamin A-deficient diet including high starch components for a long period of time from the young age. Furthermore, it is strongly suggested that the early detection and treatment contribute to prevention of DA in beef cattle. In conclusion, the pathogenesis, proposed mechanism, and prognostic judgment in beef cattle with DA were defined in the present investigation. 51 ㅰ㎡ ✏ࢆ⤊࠼ࡿ࠶ࡓࡾ㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢ㐙⾜㝿ࡋ㸪᠓ษᑀ࡞ࡿࡈᣦᑟࡈ㠴᧡ࢆ ㈷ࡾࡲࡋࡓᒾᡭᏛ ㎰Ꮫ㒊 ඹྠ⋇་Ꮫ⛉ẚ㍑⸆⌮ẘᛶᏛ ྂ℈ ஂᩍᤵㅽ ࢇ࡛ឤㅰࡢពࢆ⾲ࡋࡲࡍࠋ ᮏㄽᩥࡢసᡂ࠶ࡓࡾ㸪࠸ࡘࡶບࡲࡋࡘⓗ☜࡞ࡈຓゝࢆ㡬࠸ࡓᒾᡭᏛ ㎰Ꮫ㒊 ඹྠ⋇་Ꮫ⛉⏘ᴗື≀ෆ⛉Ꮫ బ⸨ ⦾ᩍᤵ࡞ࡽࡧྠᏛ㝃ᒓື≀་ Ꮫ㣗ရᏳᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ (FAMS) బ⸨ ὒ≉௵ᩍᤵ࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ ᮏ✏సᡂ㝿ࡋ㸪ࡈᣦᑟࡈຓゝࢆ㈷ࢃࡾࡲࡋࡓᖏᗈ␆⏘Ꮫ ⮫ᗋ⋇་Ꮫ ◊✲㒊㛛ண㜵⋇་⒪Ꮫศ㔝 ⊦⇃ ኖᩍᤵ㸪ᮾி㎰ᕤᏛ ඹྠ⋇་Ꮫ⛉⋇་⸆ ⌮Ꮫୗ⏣ ᐇᩍᤵ࠾ࡼࡧᒱ㜧Ꮫ ඹྠ⋇་Ꮫ⛉⋇་⌮Ꮫ ᰡ ᚨ㯢ᩍᤵ ῝⏒࡞ࡿㅰពࢆ⾲ࡋࡲࡍࠋ ࡲࡓ㸪㈗㔜࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᥦ౪࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ᪥㧗ぢ∾ሙ బ⸨ ᑑ⏨௦⾲ྲྀ⥾ᙺ♫㛗 ࡞ࡽࡧబ⸨ ሙ㛗㸪◊✲ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ࠼࡚㡬࠸ࡓඖ㓗㎰ᏛᅬᏛ ᨾᑠ㇂ ᛅ⏕ᩍᤵ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ඖ NOSAI ᐑᇛ ᨾሙ ⱥඛ⏕῝ㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ ࡉࡽ㸪ㄽᩥసᡂࡢࡓࡵࡈ༠ຊࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ NOSAI ᐑᇛ⫋ဨࡢⓙᵝ㸪ᚰ ࡲ ࡿບࡲࡋࡢ࠾ゝⴥࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ NOSAI ᮾᐙ␆⮫ᗋ◊ಟࢭࣥࢱ࣮㛵ಀ⪅ࡢⓙᵝ㸪 ࡑࡋ࡚᭱ᚋࡲ࡛ᨭ࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡓᐙ᪘ᚰࡼࡾឤㅰ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ 52 ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ 1. Anderson, D. E., Monke, D. R., Silzvira, F., Ayars, W. and Rings, D. M. (2000). Determination of serum insulin concentration during intravenous glucose tolerance testing of healthy bulls. Am J. Vet. Res. 61: 61~63. 2. Ᏻಖె୍ (2001). ➨ᅄ⫶ኚ㸪ὠ⏣ᜏஅ┘ಟ㸪ᰘ⏣❶ኵ⦅㸪᪂ங∵ࡢ⛉Ꮫ㸪 pp. 347~354. ㎰ᒣ⁺ᮧᩥ༠㸪ᮾி 3. Biger, D. R., Goff, J. P., Faust, M. A., Burton, J. 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