Ϫ㸬' ࣉࣜࣥࢱࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ⡆᫆ⓗ࡞ ࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ〇స㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ Study on the Prototype Plastic Mold for Blow Molding by 3D Printing Technology 㯮⏣ ㍜ KURODA Daisuke ᒣᮏ ㈗ᩥ ┦㤿 ඃ 㘠⃝ ᾈᩥ KUWAHARA Koichi NABESAWA Hirofumi SOHMA Yutaka ఫᒸ ῟ྖ ᱓ཎ ᾈ୍ ᯘ ༓ṓ ᶓᒣ ⩏அ ᅵ⫧ ⩏ YAMAMOTO Takafumi SUMIOKA Jyunji HAYASHI Chitoshi YOKOYAMA Yoshiyuki DOI Yoshiharu Abstract This study explored the feasibility of test mold made by plastic 3D printer for the test product development of standard blow molding. LDPE tube and PET bottle were selected to evaluate heat and pressure resistance of the plastic test mold, respectively. As the parison temperature of LDPE is close to the melting point of mold material, a test mold with a water cooling channel coated by epoxy resin was fabricated to avoid its thermal deformation and product sticking to mold. A hundred LDPE tubes were obtained by the continuous direct blow molding process with the mold. Additionally, PET bottles were injection blow-molded by a hybrid mold consists of two parts, an iron screw mold and a plastic base mold with diamond-cut surface. In spite of the high blow pressure condition of 3.5 MPa (about 10 times higher than that of LDPE tube), fifteen PET bottles were successfully made without breakage and deformation of the mold. In conclusion, the plastic test mold made by 3D printer has great possibilities to make test products by taking into account the characteristics of molding method. 㸯㸬⥴ゝ 㸰㸬' ࣉࣜࣥࢱࡢᴫせ ୰✵ᡂᙧࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ㸦%ORZPROGLQJ㸧ࡣࠊ୍⯡ⓗ ' ࣉࣜࣥࢱ 㸦✚ᒙ㐀ᙧ⨨㸧 ࡣ⌧ᅾ ࡘࡢ✚ᒙ᪉ᘧࡀ࠶ࡾ㸦㸧ࠊ ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࡸ㣧ᩱ࣎ࢺࣝࠊ་⸆ရᐜჾ࡞ࡢࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ〇ရࢆ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ⢊ᮎᗋ⇇⼥⤖ྜ᪉ᘧࡢ✚ᒙ㐀ᙧ⨨ (26)RUPLJD3 㔞⏕⏘ࡍࡿ㝿⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡣࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢ᪉ᘧࡣẚ㐀ᙧ≀ࡢᙉᗘࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ」㞧ᙧ≧ ࢩࣙࣥࡼࡿᡂᙧရࡢ⫗ཌࡸᑍἲ➼ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᡂᙧ๓ホ౯ࡀ㞴 㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⨨ࡢ࡞ᵝࢆ⾲ ࠊ⏝ᮦᩱࡢ࡞≀ᛶ ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ㔞⏘⏝㔠ᆺࢆ〇సࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣከࡃࡢヨస㔠ᆺࢆ〇స ್ࢆ⾲ ♧ࡍࠋ ࡋࠊᡂᙧရࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢヨస㔠ᆺࡢ〇స ᮇ㛫ࡣㄪᩚຍᕤࡶྵࡵ 㹼 ࣨ᭶ࢆせࡍୖࠊ㏣ຍᕤࡼࡾᮦᩱ㈝࣭ ⾲ (26 〇)RUPLJD3ࡢ࡞ᵝ ຍᕤ㈝ࡀࡁࡃᔞࡴ࠸࠺ၥ㢟Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ Table 1 EOS / Formiga P100 main specification. ୍᪉࡛ࠊ ' ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ✚ᒙ㐀ᙧࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ ' ࣉࣜࣥ ࢸࣥࢢࡀヨస㛤Ⓨᮇ㛫ࡢ▷⦰ࡸపࢥࢫࢺࡢほⅬࡽὀ┠ࢆ 㞟ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᭱㏆࡛ࡣࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ〇ရࡢᡂᙧ㔠ᆺࡢᛂ⏝ 䝯䞊䜹䞊 㻱㻻㻿㻌㻌䠄㻱㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㻌㻻㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟䠅 ࡀᥦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㐀ᙧ᪉ᘧ ⢊ᮎᗋ⇇⼥⤖ྜ 㐀ᙧྍ⬟ᑍἲ 㻞㻜㻜㼙㼙㻌㼄㻌㻞㻡㻜㼙㼙㻌㼄㻌㻟㻟㻜㼙㼙㻔㻴㻕 㐀ᙧ䝢䝑䝏 㻜㻚㻝㻜㼙㼙 㻱㻻㻿㻌㻌㻲㼛 㼞 㼙 㼕㼓㼍㻌㻌㻼㻝 㻜 㻜 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ ' ࣉࣜࣥࢸࣥࢢᢏ⾡ࡢ୰࡛ࡶ㈝⏝㠃࡛ࡼࡾ୍⯡ ⓗ࡞ᮦᩱ࡛࠶ࡿᶞ⬡ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⡆᫆ⓗ࡞ࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ〇స ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔࠋᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ㐀ᙧࡋᑍἲ⢭ᗘ࣭⾲㠃⢒ࡉࢆホ౯ᚋࠊᆺ ࢆᐇᶵᦚ㍕ࡋࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᆺࡢ⪏⇕ᛶࡸ⪏ஂᛶࠊᡂᙧရ 㐀ᙧ㏿ᗘ 㻝㻜㼙㼙㻛㼔㻌䠄㧗䛥᪉ྥ䠅 ࡢᑍἲ⢭ᗘࠊ㏱᫂ᛶ➼ࠊ⏝ୖࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊヨస 䝺䞊䝄䞊ᚄ ⣙㻜㻚㻡㼙㼙㻌䠄㻯㻻㻞 䠅 ᆺࡋ࡚ࡢ㐺⏝ྍ⬟ᛶࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ -−䠍䠒 16 − 㸺㸱㸬㸰㸼 㐀ᙧయ⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡢホ౯ ⾲ ⏝ᮦᩱࡢ࡞≀ᛶ್ ⢊ᮎᗋ⇇⼥⤖ྜ᪉ᘧ࡛ࡣࠊ㐀ᙧࡍࡿ㒊ศࢆ㑅ᢥⓗ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ Table 2 Main physical properties of the employed material. ᑕࡋ⢊ᮎ፹యࢆ⇇⼥ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾᙧసࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡀࠊᅗ D♧ 䝣䜯䜲䞁䝘䜲䝻䞁䠄 㼜㼛 㼘㼥㼍㼙 㼕㼐㼑 㻝 㻞 䠅 㻌䠖 㻌㻼㻭㻞 㻞 㻜 㻜 ᖹᆒ⢏Ꮚᚄ 䛛䛥ᐦᗘ 㻰㻵㻺㻌㻡㻟㻠㻢㻢 㻜㻚㻠㻟㻡䡚 㻜㻚㻠㻠㻡 㼓㻛㼏㼙 ࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊ㐀ᙧయ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㐃⥆ⓗ༙⌫≧ࡢจᅛࡀ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡉ ࢀ㐀ᙧ㠃ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢୗ㠃ഃࡣࢆᖏࡧࠊୖ㠃ഃࡣ 㻟 㗦࡞ࡾẁᕪࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ㸦㸧㸦ᅗ E㸧 ࠋ 㻜㻚㻥㻜䡚㻜㻚㻥㻡 㼓㻛㼏㼙 㻟 ◳ᗘ䚷䠄㻿㼔㼛㼞㼑㻌㻰䠅 㻰㻵㻺㻌㻡㻟㻡㻜㻡 㻣㻡㼼㻞 㻙 㻰㻵㻺㻌㻡㻟㻣㻟㻢 㻝㻣㻞䡚㻝㻤㻜 䉝 㻝㻢㻟 䉝 㻝㻤㻝 䉝 䝡䜹䝑䝖㌾ ᗘ䚷㻭㻛㻡㻜 䃛㼙 㻱㻻㻿᪉ᘧ 䝡䜹䝑䝖㌾ ᗘ䚷㻮㻛㻡㻜 㻢㻜 䝺䞊䝄䞊↝⤖䝟䞊䝒ᐦᗘ ⼥Ⅼ ࡍᵝ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕࡉࢀࡓ㒊ศࡣ࠾ࡼࡑ༙⌫≧⇇⼥࣭จᅛࡍࡿࠋ 㻙 㻰㻵㻺㻌㻱㻺㻌㻵㻿㻻 㻟㻜㻢 㻰㻵㻺㻌㻱㻺㻌㻵㻿㻻 㻟㻜㻢 (a) (b) ẁᕪ ẁᕪ 㸱㸬' ࣉࣜࣥࢱࡢᇶᮏ≉ᛶホ౯ ᑠ ᅗ 㻞㻌 㐀ᙧయ䛾⾲㠃≧ែ㻌 ᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ〇సඛ㥑ࡅࠊ✚ᒙ㐀ᙧ⨨ࡢ ' ࢹ࣮ࢱᑐࡍࡿᙧ 㻔㼍㻕㻌 䝺䞊䝄䞊↷ᑕᚋ䛾⢊ᮎᗋ㻌 㻌 㻌 㻔㼎㻕㻌 㐀ᙧゅᗘ䛻౫Ꮡ䛩䜛✚ᒙẁᕪ㻌 ≧⌧ᛶཬࡧࡑࡢ⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ' ࣉ Fig.2 Surface state of molding product. ࣜࣥࢸࣥࢢࡼࡾᐜ㔞 㹼PO ⛬ࡢẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ࡞ࣈ࣮ࣟᐜჾ (a) Powder bed image after laser irradiation (cross-sectional view) ᡂᙧᆺࢆ㐀ᙧࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ๓㏙ࡢ㐀ᙧ᪉ᘧࡸ㐀ᙧࣆࢵࢳ㸦⾲ ࠊ㸧 (b) Step formation image caused by molding angle ࡀᆺࡢᙧ≧⢭ᗘཬࡧ⾲㠃ᛶ≧ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡓࠋ ᮏ⨨ࡣࠊ✚ᒙゅᗘ౫Ꮡࡋࡓẁᕪᙧᡂࡀ᪤☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡓࡵࠊᯈ≧ヨ㦂∦ࡼࡿ㠃⢒ᗘホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ✚ᒙゅᗘࢆ 㹼 㸺㸱㸬㸯㸼 ' ࢹ࣮ࢱᑐࡍࡿᙧ≧⌧ᛶࡢホ౯ ᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ〇ရᡂᙧ㠃ࡢ࠺ࡕ᭱ࡶᚤ⣽࡞ᙧ≧࡞ࡿࢿࢪ㒊ࡘ rẁ㝵ⓗኚࡉࡏࡓᯈ≧ヨ㦂∦ࢆ㐀ᙧࡋࠊࡑࡢୖୗ㠃ࡢ㠃 ࠸࡚ࠊࢿࢪᙧ≧ヨ㦂∦ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢹࢪࢱࣝගᏛ㢧ᚤ㙾ࡼࡿほᐹホ ⢒ᗘࢆ⾲㠃⢒ࡉ ᐃჾ࡚ ᐃࡋࡓࠋୖ㠃ࡣ✚ᒙゅᗘ r࡛ ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋ᪉ἲࡣࠊ∦㎶໙㓄 ᗘࡢ୕ゅࢿࢪࡢᒣ㡬Ⅼ 5DPP ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ⢒㠃ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࠊ㐀ᙧゅᗘࡢᖹᆒ್࡛ୖ㠃ࡀ⢒ ࢆඛ➃ 5 ↓ࡋ㹼5 ẁ㝵ⓗኚࡉࡏࡓ ' ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆసᡂࡋࠊࡇ ࠸ࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ㐀ᙧࡣ〇ရᡂᙧ㠃 ࢀࢆ㐀ᙧࡋࡓヨ㦂∦ࡢࢿࢪᒣඛ➃ 5 ᚄࢆ⏬ീィ ࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࡋ ࢆୗྥࡁࡋ࡚⾜࠺ࡇࡋࡓࠋ ࡚ 'ࢹ࣮ࢱ 5㹼5 ࡲ࡛ࡣࠊᴫࡡࢹ࣮ࢱ್㏻ࡾ㐀ᙧࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡀࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ್ 5 ௨ୗࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ 5 ⛬ᗘࡢඛ➃ 5 ࡀ 㸲ᑐ㇟ࡍࡿࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧἲᆺࡢᇶᮏᵓ㐀 ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡼࡾࠊࢿࢪᙧ≧ヨ㦂∦࠾ࡅࡿ㐀ᙧ⢭ᗘ ࡣ 5 ࡀ㝈⏺࡛࠶ࡿ⤖ㄽࡅࡓࠋ ࡽࢀࡿᡂᙧࡢ⪏⇕ᛶࠊཬࡧ⪏ᅽᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊձࢲࣞ (a) ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㝿ࡢᠱᛕ㡯⪃࠼ ࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡼࡿ /'3(㸦పᐦᗘ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ㸧ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈȭ (C) (b) PP࣭+PP㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠊཬࡧղࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡼࡿ ࣑ࢽ 3(7㸦࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥࢸࣞࣇࢱ࣮ࣞࢺ㸧࣎ࢺࣝȭPP࣭+PP 㸦ᅗ 㸧ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀᡂᙧᑐ㇟㑅ࢇࡔࠋ 㸺㸲㸬㸯㸼 ࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ㸦/'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ㸧 ࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡣࠊᢲฟᶵࡼࡾ⁐⼥ᢲฟࡉࢀࡓࣃࣉ ᅗ 㻝㻌 㻌 䝛䝆ᙧ≧ヨ㦂∦㻌 㻔㼍㻕㻌 ᴫほ㻌 㻌 㻌 㻔㼎㻕㻌 䝛䝆ᒣ㒊㻌 㻌 㻌 㻔㼏㻕㻌 䝛䝆ᒣ䛾ᣑ┿㻌 ≧ࡢᶞ⬡㸦ࣃࣜࢯࣥ㸧ࢆ㔠ᆺᣳࡳ㎸ࡳࠊ෭ࡵ࡞࠸࠺ࡕ┤᥋✵ Fig.1 Screw-shaped test piece. Ẽࢆ྿ࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛୰✵ရࢆసࡿᡂᙧ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ/'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࡢᡂ (a) Overview (b) Thread part (c) Top view of thread ᙧ࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ㹼Υ࡛ /'3( ࢆ㌾ࡉࡏࠊ྿ࡁ㎸ࡳ ⣙ 㹼Υ࡞ࡗࡓࣃࣜࢯࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ⪏⇕ᛶࡀ - 17 − 17 − ࡞ᠱᛕ㡯ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ /'3( ࡣᖖ ࡛ࡶẚ㍑ⓗ㌾㉁࡞ 㸺㸲㸬㸱㸼 ᆺࡢᇶᮏᵓ㐀 ᶞ⬡࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᡂᙧᚋࡢ㞳ᆺⰋࡶᠱᛕࡉࢀࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࢳ࣮ࣗ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᆺࡢᇶᮏᵓ㐀ࡋ࡚ࠊࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ㠃ࢆഛ࠼ࡓ ' ࣈᙧ≧ࡣࠊᡂᙧᛶホ౯ࢆᐜ᫆ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ㏻ᖖ㔠ᒓᆺࡼࡿ㔞⏘ ࣉࣜࣥࢱ〇ࡢᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ㔠ᒓ〇ࡢ࣮࣋ࢫᆺ㸦ࣂࢵࢡࢵࣉ㸧ᔐධ ᐇ⦼ရྠᙧ≧ࡋࡓࠋ◊✲┠ᶆ್ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊእほ࣭ᑍἲ࣭࢟ࣕ ࡍࡿࠕධᏊ᪉ᘧࠖࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾᶞ⬡ᆺࡢཌ⫗⟠ᡤࡢ ࢵࣉᔐྜ࣭ྤฟឤ➼ࡢホ౯ࡢ⏝ࡢほⅬࡽᡂᙧࢩࣙࢵࢺྍ⬟ ࡾపῶࠊཬࡧ㐀ᙧᮦᩱ㐀ᙧ㛫ࡢపῶࢆᅗࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋ ᩘࢆ ࢩࣙࢵࢺࠊ㐃⥆ᡂᙧࡢࢧࢡࣝ㛫ࡣ⏝ࡍࡿࣈ࣮ࣟᡂ ࡞࠾㔠ᒓ〇࣮࣋ࢫᆺࡣ㗰ᮦࣈࣟࢵࢡࢆษ๐ຍᕤ࡛〇సࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ ᙧᐇᶵࡢ᭱ప㏿ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ ⛊㸭ᮏタᐃࡋࡓࠋ ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿୖ࡛ࠊ㏻ᖖ㔠ᒓᆺẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ ' ࣉࣜࣥࢱ〇ᶞ⬡ ᆺࡢⅬࡉࢀࡿ〇స㈝⏝࣭〇సᮇ㛫ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㔠ᒓᆺࡢࡑࢀࢆ ୖᅇࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺␃ពࡋࡓࠋ 㻌 㸳㸬ࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡢᐇ㦂᪉ἲ 㸺㸳㸬㸯㸼 ᆺཬࡧᡂᙧရࡢస〇ホ౯ 㸦㸯㸧ᆺࡢタィ࣭〇సホ౯ ᶞ⬡ᆺࡢタィࡘ࠸࡚ࠊෆ㠃㸦ᡂᙧ㠃㸧ࡢタィࡣ㏻ᖖ㔠ᒓᆺ ྠࡌᑍἲࡋࠊእ㠃ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᡂᙧ㠃ࡽእഃ⣙ PP ࡢ⫗ཌࢆ ≺࠸༙ᰕ≧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓᔐධࡍࡿ࣮࣋ࢫᆺࡢ࣎ࣝࢺᅛᐃࢆ ᅗ /'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࡑࡢᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ ' ࣓࣮ࢪ ᐃࡋࠊእ㠃㞤ࢿࢪ㒊ࢆタࡅࡓࠋࡇࡢ ' ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆసᡂࡋࠊࣉࣜ Fig.3 3D images of LDPE tube and plastic test mold. ࣥࢸࣥࢢࡋࡓࠋホ౯ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㐀ᙧᆺ ' ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᑍἲᕪ ␗ཬࡧࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ๓ᚋࡢᆺࡢᙧ≧ኚࢆ࢚ࢵࢡࢫ⥺ &7 ⨨࡚ 㸺㸲㸬㸰㸼 ࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ㸦࣑ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝ㸧 ᐃࡋࡓࠋᆺࡢ⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡣ⾲㠃⢒ࡉ ᐃჾࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡲ ࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡣࠊᑕฟᡂᙧࡼࡾࣉࣜࣇ࢛࣮ ࡓᆺࡢỈ෭ຠᯝࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊΥຍ⇕ࡋࡓᆺࢆᐇᶵྠࡌ᮲௳ ࣒ࡤࢀࡿヨ㦂⟶ᙧ≧ࡢᡂᙧရࢆ๓ᕤ⛬࡛సࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆຍ⇕ 㸦03D࣭Υ㸧࡛ ศ㛫㏻Ỉࡋࠊᆺ⾲㠃㸦ࢿࢪ㒊࣭⬗㒊㸧ࡢ ࡼࡗ࡚⬗య㒊ࡢࡳ㌾ࡉࡏࠊ㧗ᅽ࢚࣮ࢆ྿ࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛୰✵ရࢆ ᗘࢆ⇕⏬ീ⨨࡛ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ సࡿᡂᙧ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ〇ရࢿࢪ㒊ࡣᑕฟᡂᙧ࡛ᙧసࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ ᑍἲ⢭ᗘࡢⰋ࠸ᐜჾཱྀ㒊ࢆ〇సࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ⬗య㒊ࢆᙧᡂ 㸦㸰㸧ࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧᐇ㦂ᡂᙧရࡢホ౯ ࡍࡿࣈ࣮ࣟᕤ⛬࡛ࡣ⣙ 03D ࡢ㧗ᅽ࢚࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᶞ⬡ ᆺࡢᶵᲔⓗᙉᗘ㸦⪏ᅽᛶ㸧ࡀᠱᛕ㡯ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣈࣟ 〇సࡋࡓᶞ⬡ᆺࢆࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧᶵྲྀࡅࠊ/'3( ࢆᮦᩱࡋࡓࣈ ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᡂᙧ᮲௳ࡣ⾲ ࡢ࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣮ࡢࣉࣜࣇ࢛࣮࣒ ᗘࡣ⣙ 㹼Υ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ ⾲ 㻟㻌 㻸㻰㻼㻱 䝏䝳䞊䝤ᡂᙧ᮲௳㻌 ⪏⇕ᛶࡣᠱᛕ㡯ࡋ࡚ᐃࡋ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ≉࣑ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝࡣ Table 3 Direct blow molding conditions of LDPE tube. ᶞ⬡ᆺࡢព⌧ᛶࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚⾜࠺ࡇࡋࠊᅗ ♧ࡍࢲ ᡂᙧ᪉ἲ ᢲฟࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟ ᮦᩱ /'3(㸦㏱᫂Ⰽ㸧 ࣮ᡂᙧᐇᶵᦚ㍕ࡼࡿᡂᙧᛶㅖホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡋࡓࠋ ᡂᙧࣈ࣮ࣟᅽ 03D ᡂᙧࢧࢡࣝ VHF ᡂᙧရ⬗⫗ཌ≺࠸್ PP ᡂᙧࣃࣜࢯࣥ ᗘ Υ 㹼 ෭༷Ỉ ᗘ Υ ࣖࣔࣥࢻ࢝ࢵࢺࡢഃ㠃ࢆᣢࡘ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝᙧ≧ࢆ〇సࡋ࡚ࣈࣟ ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓᡂᙧࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ௨ୗࡢ㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㏻ᖖ㔠ᒓᆺᡂ ᙧရࡢẚ㍑ホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋ ձ࠙㐃⥆ᡂᙧࢩࣙࢵࢺᩘࠚୖグࡢᡂᙧ᮲௳࡚㐃⥆ᡂᙧࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ ᡂᙧᩘ㔞ࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿࠋᆺࡢᙇࡾࡁ➼ࡼࡿⴭࡋ࠸㞳 ᅗ ࣑ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝࡑࡢᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ ' ࣓࣮ࢪ ᆺⰋࡸᡂᙧⰋࠊᆺࡢ◚ᦆ➼Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓሙྜࡣࡑࡢⅬ࡛ᡂ Fig.4 3D images of mini-PET bottle and plastic test mold. - 18 − 18 − ᙧࢆ⤊ࡍࡿࠋ యࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸦ᅗ D㸧 ࠋࡋࡋࠊ㏻ᖖ㔠ᒓᆺ࡛ࡢᡂᙧ ղ ࠙ᑍἲࠚࣀࢠࢫ࡚ᡂᙧရࡢࢿࢪ㒊࣭⬗㒊ࡢእᚄࠊཬࡧᗏ㠃 ࡽࢿࢪ㒊᰿ࡲ࡛ࡢ㧗ࡉࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࠋ ࠸ࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸦ୗグձ㹼մࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸺㸴㸬㸰㸼ࡲࡵࡿ㸧 ࠋ 䝛䝆እᚄ ရẚ㍑ࡋࡓሙྜ௨ୗࡢⅬ࠾࠸࡚ᆺࡢᶵ⬟ᛶࡀཬࢇ࡛࠸࡞ (a) ⬗እᚄ ᗏ㠃䡚䝛䝆᰿䜎䛷䛾㧗䛥 ⾲㠃⢒䛥 䠄⦪᪉ྥ䚸ᶓ᪉ྥ䠅 (b) ග㏱㐣⋡ ᅗ 㻣㻌 㻝 ḟᆺᡂᙧရ㻌 㻔㼍㻕㻌 Ⰻရ㻌 㻔㼎䠅ኚᙧ䛧䛯㞳ᆺⰋရ㻌 Fig.7 Molding products of first-mold blowing. ᅗ 㻡㻌 ᡂᙧရホ౯ ᐃ⟠ᡤ㻌 (a) Good product (b) Deformed product Fig.5 Measurement points of LDPE tube. ճ ࠙⾲㠃⢒ࡉࠚ⾲㠃⢒ࡉ ᐃჾ࡚ᡂᙧရࡢ⬗㒊୰ኸࢆ⦪࣭ᶓ ձ ཎᅉࡣࠊ෭༷ᵓ㐀ࡀ↓࠸ࡇࡼࡿᆺ ୖ᪼⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ᪉ྥ࡚ ᐃࡍࡿࠋ մ ࠙㏱᫂ᗘ㸦ග㏱㐣⋡㸧 ࠚศගගᗘィ࡚ᡂᙧရࡢ⬗㒊୰ኸࡢ ղ ࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㸴㸬ࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ⪃ᐹ ճ ᡂᙧရ㌿ࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ḟᆺ࡛ࡣ᰿ᮏⓗ࡞ᡂᙧྍ⬟ᛶࡢ☜ㄆཬࡧၥ㢟Ⅼࡢ մ ᢳฟࢆ┠ⓗࡋࠊ ḟᆺ࡛ࡣࡑࡢᨵၿฎ⨨ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ᡂᙧရࡢ⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡀ㔠ᒓᆺᡂᙧရࡼࡾࡶ⢒࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣ✚ᒙ㐀 ᙧ᪉ᘧࡼࡿᆺࡢ⾲㠃⢒ࡉ㸦✚ᒙẁᕪࡸ㐀ᙧ⢊ᮎࡢ⢏Ꮚ㸧ࡀ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ ✀㢮ࡢᶞ⬡ᆺ㸦 ḟᆺ࣭ ḟᆺ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᡂᙧᐇ ᡂᙧရࡢ㏱᫂ᗘࡀ㔠ᒓᆺᡂᙧရࡼࡾຎࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋୖ㏙ճྠ ⌮⏤ࡼࡿ⾲㠃ࡢᑕࡼࡿⓑⰍࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊ' ࣉࣜࣥࢱ㐀ᙧᚋࡢᆺඖࡢ ' ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᑍἲᕪ␗ࠊ 㸺㸴㸬㸯㸼 㸯ḟᆺ㸦⾲㠃ฎ⌮Ỉ෭ᶵᵓࡢ࡞࠸ᶞ⬡ᆺ㸧 ᅗ 㐀ᙧࡋࡓᶞ⬡ᆺධᏊ᪉ᘧ࡛㔠ᒓᆺྲྀࡅࡓᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ ཬࡧ㐃⥆ࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ๓ᚋ࡛ࡢᆺࡢኚᙧ࣭ຎࡣࠊ&7 ࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࡼ ࡿᙧ≧ ᐃ࡛ࡣࢇ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ♧ࡍࠋ ᡂᙧရࡢ⇕ኚᙧ࣭⦰ࡀࡁ࠸ࠋ෭༷㊊ࡼࡾᆺ㛤ࡁ┤ᚋ ࡢᡂᙧရ ᗘࡀ㧗࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ㞳ᆺᚋࡢᚋ⦰ᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚ ᩿∦ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࠋ 㐃⥆ᡂᙧ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ᡂᙧᚋࡢ㞳ᆺⰋࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ 㸦ᅗ E㸧 ࠋ (b) 㸺㸴㸬㸰㸼 㸰ḟᆺ㸦ᨵⰋᆺ㸧 (a) ๓㏙㸺㸴㸬㸯㸼ձ㹼մࡢ㡯┠ࡢᑐ⟇ࢆࡋࡓᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ〇సࡋࠊ ᡂᙧᐇ㦂ཬࡧホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 㸦㸯㸧ᆺࡢタィ࣭〇సホ౯ ලయⓗ࡞ᑐ⟇ࡋ࡚ࠊᶞ⬡ᆺࡢෆ㠃㸦ᡂᙧ㠃㸧ࢆ ࡢ⪏Ỉ ࣮࣌ࣃ࣮࡛◊☻ࡋ㠃⢒ᗘࢆᨵၿࡉࡏࡓࠋୟࡘࠊᆺෆ㒊 ḟඖὶ ㊰ࢆタࡅỈ෭ྍ⬟ࡋࡓࠋ ḟඖὶ㊰ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᡂᙧ㠃ἢࡗ࡚ ᆺࡢෆ㒊ࢆ 0 Ꮠ≧ ࡍࡿࡼ࠺タィࡋ෭༷ຠ⋡ࡢྥୖࢆᅗࡗࡓ ᅗ 㻢㻌 㻝 ḟヨసᆺ㻌 㻔㼍㻕㻌 ᶞ⬡ᆺ㻌 㻔㼎㻕㻌 ධᏊᵓ㐀㻌 㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㐀ᙧ┤ᚋࡢὶ㊰㏻Ỉࡍࡿὶ㊰ࡽᆺ⾲㠃ࣜ Fig.6 First test mold. (a) Plastic test mold ࣮ࢡࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊὶ㊰ෆప⢓ᗘ࢚࣏࢟ࢩ㸦⢓ᗘ F3㸧ࢆ (b) Insert structure ࢥ࣮ࢸࣥࢢࡋࡓࠋᅗ ♧ࡍࡼ࠺ࠊྵᾐᇦࡢᖜࡣ⣙ PP ⛬ ࡇࡢỈ෭ᵓ㐀ࡢ࡞࠸ᶞ⬡ᆺࠊᡂᙧ㠃◊☻࡞ࡢᚋฎ⌮ࢆຍ࠼ ࡎࠊࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁࠊᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ◚ቯࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃᡂᙧ ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࠊ㏻Ỉ࣮࣍ࢫࢆ⧅ࡄ⥅ᡭࢆᶞ⬡ᆺ┤᥋ྲྀ ࡅࠊ࣮࣋ࢫᆺ⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋ - 19 − 19 − ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ᑐ⟇ࢆࡋࡓᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㔠ᒓᆺ ཬࡤ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ ḟᆺࡽᖜᨵၿࡋ 5DPP ࡞ࡗࡓ 㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋࡲࡓᅗ ♧ࡍࡼ࠺ࠊỈ෭ຠᯝ᳨ドᐇ㦂ࡘ࠸࡚┠ ᶆࢧࢡࣝࡢ㛤ጞ ⛊ᚋࡢ ᗘኚ╔┠ࡍࡿࠊ⮬↛ᨺ⇕ࡢ ᨺ෭ᆺࡣࠊ⬗㒊࣭ࢿࢪ㒊ࡶ⣙ Υࡋ෭༷ຠᯝࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊỈ෭ᆺࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⬗㒊࡛⣙ Υࠊࢿࢪ㒊࡛⣙ Υ ࡢ ᗘኚࡀぢࡽࢀࠊỈ෭ࡼࡿ෭༷ຠᯝࡢᨵၿࢆ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ࢿࢪ㒊ࡣ⬗㒊ẚ࡚෭༷ຠᯝࡀప࠸ࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ࣮࣋ࢫᆺྲྀࡾ ᅗ 㻤㻌 㻟 ḟඖὶ㊰㻌 Fig.8 Three-dimensional water channel. ࡅࡿᶞ⬡ᆺࡢᵓ㐀ୖࠊࢿࢪ㒊࿘㎶ࡀཌ⫗࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵ ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ϭḟᆺ ϭϲ͘ϰϮ Ϯḟᆺ 㔠ᒓᆺ ϰ͘ϵϰ ϭ͘ϲϬ Ϭ ϰ ϴ ϭϮ ϭϲ ϮϬ 㻾㼍㼇䃛㼙㼉 ᅗ 㻝㻝㻌 ᆺ䛾㠃⢒ᗘ㻌 㼚㻩㻟㻌 㻭㼂㻱㻚㻌 ᅗ 㻥㻌 ప⢓ᗘ䜶䝫䜻䝅䝁䞊䝔䜱䞁䜾ฎ⌮䛧䛯ὶ㊰㻌 Fig.9 Water channel coated by low viscosity epoxy resin. Fig.11 Surface roughness of molds. 䉝䉝 8080 ᨺ෭䠄䝛䝆㒊䠅 䐟 ᨺ෭䠄䝛䝆㒊䠅 Ỉ෭䠄䝛䝆㒊䠅 䐡 Ỉ෭䠄䝛䝆㒊䠅 4040 Ỉ෭䠄⬗㒊䠅 䐢 Ỉ෭䠄⬗㒊䠅 20 20 ᨺ෭䠄⬗㒊䠅 䐠 ᨺ෭䠄⬗㒊䠅 6060 (a) 0 0 㻜㻌 㻜㻌 㻞㻜㻌㻞㻜㻌 㻠㻜㻌 㻠㻜㻌 㻢㻜㻌 㻢㻜㻌 㻤㻜㻌 㻤㻜㻌 㻝㻜㻜㻌 㻝㻜㻜㻌 ᅗ 㻝㻞㻌 ᆺ䛾⾲㠃 ᗘ䛸෭༷㛫䛾㛵ಀ䠄ᨺ෭䛸Ỉ෭䠅㻌 㻝㻞㻜㻌 㻝㻞㻜㻌 ⛊ Fig.12 Relationship between cooling time and mold surface temperature. (b) 㸦㸰㸧ࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧရࡢホ౯ ḟᆺࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓᡂᙧࢧࣥࣉࣝ ࡘ࠸࡚௨ୗࡢ㡯┠ձ㹼մ࠾ࡅࡿ㔠ᒓᆺཬࡧ ḟᆺࡢᡂᙧရ ࡢẚ㍑ホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ձ 㐃⥆ᡂᙧࢩࣙࢵࢺᩘࡣࠊ ḟᆺ࡛ࡣ㐃⥆ ࢩࣙࢵࢺ㸦࠺ࡕ ᮏࡀ㞳ᆺⰋࡼࡿࢿࢪ㒊◚᩿㸧࡛సᴗࢆ୰᩿ࡋࡓࡢᑐࡋࠊ ᅗ 㻝㻜㻌 㻞 ḟヨసᆺ㻌 ḟᆺ࡛ࡣ ࢩࣙࢵࢺ㸦ࢿࢪ㒊◚᩿↓ࡋࠋ㞳ᆺⰋࡼࡿ 㻌 㻔㼍㻕䝩䞊䝇⥅ᡭ䜢ྲྀ䛡䛯ᶞ⬡ᆺ㻌 䠄㼎䠅䝧䞊䝇ᆺ䛻⤌䜏㎸䜣䛰ᶞ⬡ᆺ㻌 ᑠࡉ࡞◚ࢀ࣭ኚᙧࡣⓎ⏕㸧ࡲ࡛ᡂᙧࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡗࡓࠋᡂᙧရ Fig.10 Second test mold. 㞳ᆺ┤ᚋࡢᆺ⬗㒊 ᗘࡣ ḟᆺ࡛ࡣࠊࢩࣙࢵࢺᩘక࠸ࡁ (a) Plastic test mold with hose couplings ࡃୖ᪼ࡋࡓࡢᑐࡋࠊ ḟᆺ࡛ࡣ Υ๓ᚋࢆ᥎⛣ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ 㐃⥆ᡂᙧ࠾࠸࡚Ỉ෭ࡢຠᯝࡀ⌧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋ (b)Plastic test mold assembled into a base mold - 20 − 20 − ղ ճ մ ᡂᙧရ㧗ࡉࡣࠊࢇ⦰ࡢ࡞࠸㔠ᒓᆺᡂᙧရᑐࡋࠊỈ ෭ᵓ㐀ࡢ↓࠸ ḟᆺᡂᙧရ࡛ࡣ⣙ 㸣ࡁ࠸ࡀࠊỈ෭ࡋ ࡓ ḟᆺᡂᙧရ࡛ࡣ⣙ 㸣ࡢ⦰ᢚ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࡇ ࡢⅬ࡛ࡶỈ෭ࡼࡿᨵၿࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊࢿࢪ 㒊ࠊ⬗㒊ࡢእᚄᑍἲࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝࡢഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ ᡂᙧရࡢ⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡣࠊ ḟᆺࡢ 5DPP ࡽ ḟᆺ࡛ࡣ 㔠ᒓᆺ 5DPP ᖜᨵၿࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᆺࡢ◊☻ຍᕤࡀ㔜せ࡛᭷ ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋ ᆺ䠖㻾㼍㻩㻝㻟㻚㻜㻤 ϭḟᆺ 㻬㻡㻡㻜㼚㼙 ϭϯ͘ϱ ᆺ䠖㻾㼍㻩㻟㻚㻢㻟 Ϯḟᆺ ϱϭ͘ϰ ᆺ䠖㻾㼍㻩㻜㻚㻠㻠 ϲϲ͘ϲ Ϭ ϮϬ ᡂᙧရ㏱᫂ᗘ㸦ග㏱㐣⋡㸧ࡣࠊᆺཬࡧᡂᙧရࡢ⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡢྥ ϰϬ ϲϬ ϴϬ 䠂 ᅗ 㻝㻢㻌 ᡂᙧရ䛾㏱㐣⋡㻌 㼚㻩㻟㻌 㻭㼂㻱㻚㻌 ୖక࠸ࠊ ḟᆺࡢ ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࠸࠺㣕㌍ⓗ࡞ᨵ Fig.16 Light transmittance of molding products. ၿࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ࠋ ௨ୖࡢᡂᙧရホ౯⤖ᯝࢆࡲࡵ㺂⾲ ♧ࡋࡓࠋ Υ ϲϬ ⾲ 㻠㻌 㻸㻰㻼㻱 䝏䝳䞊䝤ᡂᙧရホ౯⤖ᯝ㻌 ϭḟᆺ䠄Ỉ෭䛺䛧䠅 ϱϬ 䐟 㔠ᒓᆺ䠄Ỉ෭䛺䛧䠅 ϮϬ Ϭ ϱ ϭϬ ϭϱ ϮϬ Ϯϱ ᅗ 㻝㻟㻌 ᡂᙧ䝅䝵䝑䝖ᩘ䛸ᆺ⾲㠃䛾 ᗘኚ䛾㛵ಀ㻌 Fig.13 Relationship between shots and mold surface temperature. ϭḟᆺ 㻝㻜㻌 㻝㻜㻜㻌 䠄㔞⏘䠅㻌 䝛䝆እᚄ㻌 㻌 㻝㻝㻚㻣㻌 㻝㻝㻚㻤㻌 㻌 㻝㻝㻚㻥㻌 ⬗እᚄ㻌 㻌 㻝㻤㻚㻠㻌 㻝㻤㻚㻣㻌 㻌 㻝㻤㻚㻥㻌 ᗏ㠃䡚䝛䝆㒊᰿㻌 㻝㻜㻣㻚㻣㻌 㻌 㻝㻜㻤㻚㻡㻌 㻌 㻝㻜㻥㻚㻡㻌 㻌 㻝㻟㻚㻜㻤㻌 㻌 㻞㻚㻟㻠㻌 㻌 㻜㻚㻠㻠㻌 㻌 䐢㻌 ㏱㐣⋡㻌 䠄㻑䠅㻌 㻝㻟㻚㻡㻌 㻌 㻡㻝㻚㻠㻌 㻌 㻢㻢㻚㻢㻌 㻌 ᡂᙧရ≺䛔್ ᆺタィ್㻔㻝㻝㻜㻚㻣㻕 ϭϬϳ͘ϳ 㸵㸬ࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡢᛂ⏝ ࡉࡽࠊࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡼࡾ㧗ᅽࣈ࣮ࣟ࡞ࡿࣥࢪ࢙ ϭϬϴ͘ϱ ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࡢᛂ⏝ᒎ㛤ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ〇సࡋ࡚ᐇᶵ 㔠ᒓᆺ ᦚ㍕ホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ〇సࡍࡿ࣑ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝࡣ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝᙧ≧ ϭϬϵ͘ϱ 㻝㻜㻣 㻝㻜㻤 㻝㻜㻥 㻝㻝㻜 ࡚⾜࠸ࠊព⌧ᛶࡢ☜ㄆࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋ 㻝㻝㻝 㼙㼙 ᅗ 㻝㻠㻌 ᡂᙧရ䛾㧗䛥㻌 㼚㻩㻟㻌 㻭㼂㻱㻚㻌 㸺㸵㸬㸯㸼 ᆺཬࡧᡂᙧရࡢస〇ホ౯ 㸦㸯㸧ᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ〇సホ౯ Fig.14 Height of molding products. ' ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ㐀ᙧࡍࡿ⢭ᗘࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢲࣞࢡࢺ ϭϯ͘Ϭϴ ϭḟᆺ ࣈ࣮ࣟ⏝ᶞ⬡ᆺ〇స &7 ࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࡼࡿᙧ≧ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ ᆺ䠖㻾㼍㻩㻝㻢㻚㻠㻞 Ϯ͘ϯϰ Ϯḟᆺ 㐃⥆ᡂᙧ䝅䝵䝑䝖ᩘ㻌 㻔ᮏ㻕 㔠ᒓᆺ㻌 䐡㻌 ⾲㠃⢒䛥㻌 䠄P㼙䠅㻌 Ϯḟᆺ 㻞 ḟᆺ㻌 䠄⾲㠃◊☻䞉Ỉ෭᭷䜚䠅 䐠㻌 ᑍἲ㻌 䠄㼙㼙䠅㻌 ϯϬ 䝅䝵䝑䝖ᩘ 㻝 ḟᆺ㻌 ホ౯㡯┠㻌 ϯϬ Table 4 Evaluation results. Ϯḟᆺ䠄Ỉ෭䛒䜚䠅 ϰϬ ࡾࠊᴫࡡ PP ௨ୗࡢㄗᕪෆ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ┬ ␎ࡋࡓࠋ㐀ᙧࡣ〇ရ㠃ࡀୗྥࡁ࡞ࡿ᪉ྥ㸦⾲㠃⢒ࡉࡀ᭱ࡶᑠࡉ ᆺ䠖㻾㼍㻩㻠㻚㻥㻠 㔠ᒓᆺ Ϭ Ϭ͘ϰϰ ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸧࡛⾜࠸ࠊᶞ⬡ᆺ〇సࡢࢥࢫࢺ㛫ࢆᢚ࠼ࡓࠋᶞ⬡ᆺࡣ ᆺ䠖㻾㼍㻩㻝㻚㻢㻜 /'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈྠᵝ ࡢ⪏Ỉ࣮࣌ࣃ࣮࡛◊☻ฎ⌮ࢆࡋࡓᚋࠊ ϰ ϴ ϭϮ ᅗ 㻝㻡㻌 ᡂᙧရ䛾㠃⢒ᗘ㻌 㼚㻩㻟㻌 㻭㼂㻱㻚㻌 Fig.15 Surface roughness of molding products. ϭϲ ධᏊࡋ࡚㔠ᒓᆺᔐධࡋࠊᐇᶵᦚ㍕ࡋࡓᅗ ࠋᶞ⬡ᆺ௨እࡢ 㻾㼍㻌㼇䃛㼙㼉 ᡂᙧᚲせ㒊ရࡣ᪤Ꮡࡢ㔞⏘ᆺ㒊ရࢆ࠸ࠊ㔠ᒓᆺࡢᅛᐃࡣࢲࢵ ࢴࣥࢧ࣮ࢺࡢᅽධ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ෭༷ᵓ㐀ࡣタࡅ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ - 21 − 21 − ヨసရࡢ㠃⢒ᗘࡣࠊ㙾㠃ගἑࡲ࡛☻ࡁୖࡆࡽࢀࡓ㔠ᒓᆺẚ ࡿᖜຎࡿࡀࠊศពᙧ≧ࢆ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿỈ‽࡛࠶ࡾࠊࣔ ࢵࢡࢵࣉࡋ࡚ࡢ౯್ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᅗ ᡂᙧရࡢ㠃⢒ᗘ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ᶞ⬡ᆺ ϯ͘ϳϯ 㔠ᒓᆺ Ϭ͘Ϭϰ Ϭ ϭ Ϯ ϯ ϰ ϱ 㻾㼍㼇䃛㼙㼉 ᅗ 㻝㻥㻌 ᡂᙧရ䛾㠃⢒ᗘ㻌 㼚㻩㻟㻌 㻭㼂㻱㻚 Fig.19 Surface roughness of molding products. ᅗ 㻝㻣㻌 ᐇᶵ䛻ᦚ㍕䛧䛯䝭䝙 㻼㻱㼀 䝪䝖䝹⏝ᶞ⬡ᆺ㻌 Fig.17 Plastic test mold assembled into the blow molding machine. ᡂᙧရࡢග㏱㐣⋡ࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ ♧ࡍࠋ3(7 ᶞ⬡ࡣᮏ 㸦㸰㸧ࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧရࡢホ౯ ᮶ࠊ⤖ᬗᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࣉࣜࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢆᑕฟᡂᙧࡍࡿᕤ⛬࡛ᛴ෭ࡍ ᐇᶵᦚ㍕ࡋࡓᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᡂᙧࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ3(7 〇ࡢ୰✵ࣔ ࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊ㠀ᬗ㉁≧ែࢆಖࡘࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ㠀ᖖ ࢵࢡࢵࣉࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋᙜึࠊᠱᛕ㡯ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀ ㏱᫂ᛶࡢ㧗࠸ᶞ⬡࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊⷧ࠸⣸Ⰽࡀ╔Ⰽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵἼ ࡓ㧗ᅽ࢚࣮㸦⣙ 03D㸧ࡢ྿ࡁ㎸ࡳࡼࡿᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ◚ᦆࡣⓎ⏕ 㛗 QP ࠾ࡅࡿග㏱㐣⋡ࡣ⣙ ␃ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣎ࢺ ࡋ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊ㐃⥆ᡂᙧ࡛ࡣ /'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈྠᵝࠊ⇕ࡼ ࣝᙧ≧ࡶᰕయ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᑕࡋࡸࡍ࠸ᙧ≧࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡶᙳ㡪 ࡿ〇ရࡢኚᙧࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵࠊ ࢩࣙࢵࢺ࡛ᡂᙧࡣ୰᩿ࡋࡓࠋ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ࡛ࡣࠊ๓㏙ࡋࡓ㏻ࡾࢿࢪ㒊ࢆᑕฟᡂ ᙧ࡛సࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢᑍἲ⢭ᗘࡸᙧ≧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢホ౯ࡣ┬␎ࡍࡿࠋ ධᏊ᪉ᘧ࡛ᶞ⬡ᆺࢆᔐධࡋࠊᐇᶵᦚ㍕ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓᡂᙧࢧࣥ ࣉࣝࠊᙧ≧ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ㔞⏘ရ㸦㔠ᒓᆺ㸧ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᮏ࣑ ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝࡣ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝᙧ≧ࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊྠᵝᙧ≧ࡢẚ㍑ᑐ㇟ ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᅇẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㔞⏘ရࡢ ᐃ್ࡣཧ⪃ ್ࡋ࡚ᥖ㍕ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗ ᐇᶵᦚ㍕ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀ 㻬㻡㻡㻜㼚㼙 ᶞ⬡ᆺ ϵ͘ϵϯ 㔠ᒓᆺ ࡓࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧရᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ┿ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ϰϭ͘ϰϬ Ϭ ϮϬ ϰϬ ϲϬ ϴϬ 䠂 ᅗ 㻞㻜㻌 ᡂᙧရ䛾ග㏱㐣⋡㻌 㼚㻩㻟㻌 㻭㼂㻱㻚 Fig.20 Light transmittance of molding products. 䠔䠊㻌 3D 䝥䝸䞁䝍䛻䜘䜛ᶞ⬡ᆺ䛾㐺⏝ຠᯝ䛸ㄢ㢟 ᶞ⬡ᆺ࡛ᡂᙧࡋࡓ /'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ࣑ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ 㔞⏘ᐇᮦᩱ࡛〇సࡋࡓࣔࢵࢡࢵࣉࣔࢹࣝࡋ࡚⏝࡛ࡁࡿ ⡆᫆ⓗ࡞ホ౯ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㐺⏝ຠᯝࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋ 㸺㸶㸬㸯㸼 /'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࡢ㐺⏝ຠᯝ ┠どࡼࡿእほ᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ㔞⏘ရࡣⱝᖸຎࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊෆᐜ≀ ࡀࡣࡗࡁࡾㄆ㆑࡛ࡁࡿ⛬ᗘ࡛㏱᫂ឤࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋḟࠊ㔞⏘ᆺࡢ ࢟ࣕࢵࣉࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᔐྜホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡇࢁࠊ≉ẁࡢᢠࢆឤࡌࡿ ࡇ࡞ࡃࠊ࢟ࣕࢵࣉࢆᔐࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊᕷ㈍ࡢࣁࣥ ᅗ 㻝㻤㻌 ᡂᙧရ䛸ᶞ⬡ᆺ ࢻࢡ࣮࣒ࣜࢆሸࡋࠊࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࢆᢲࡋ₽ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ㔞⏘ရኚ Fig.18 Injection blow molding product and a plastic test mold. ࢃࡽ࡞࠸ྤฟឤ࡛ࢡ࣮࣒ࣜࢆฟࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ⬗㒊ᡂᙧ㠃ࡢ - 22 − 22 − ࡽࡉࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ㔞⏘ရ᭷ព࡞ᕪ␗ࡣឤࡌ࡞ࡗࡓࠋෆᐜ≀ 㸺㸶㸬㸱㸼 ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ࢆሸࡋࡓヨసᡂᙧရ┿ࢆᅗ ♧ࡍࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ' ࣉࣜࣥࢱࡀᶞ⬡ヨసᆺ〇సࡢỗ⏝ᢏ⾡ࡋ 㻌 ࡞࠾ࠊ ḟᆺࡢ〇స࡛ࡣㅖࠎࡢᨵၿᑐ⟇ࢆㅮࡌࡓࡀࠊࢺ࣮ࢱࣝࡢ ࡚⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡶ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㐀ᙧ⨨ 〇సᮇ㛫ࡣ⣙ 㐌㛫ࠊ〇స㈝⏝ࡣ⣙ 㹼 ࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡞㏻ᖖ 㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㐀ᙧࣆࢵࢳࡸཎᩱ⢊ᮎ⢏ᚄࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ⢭ᐦࠊ⣽⢏ 㔠ᒓᆺ㸦ࡑࢀࡒࢀ⣙ ࣨ᭶ࠊ⣙ 㸧ẚ࡚ ' ࣉࣜࣥࢸ ࡼࡿ㐀ᙧ⢭ᗘࡢྥୖࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊὶ㊰ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓሙྜ࡛ ࣥࢢࡢⅬࢆάࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ࡶ✵㝽ࡼࡿỈ₃ࢀࡢⓎ⏕ࣜࢫࢡࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡞ࠊ㐀ᙧ≀ࡢಙ㢗 ᛶࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᶞ⬡ᮦᩱ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㧗 ᶞ⬡ᡂᙧ⪏࠼ࡽࢀ ࡿ⪏⇕ᛶࡢྥୖᡂᙧရࡢ㞳ᆺᛶࠊ⇕⦰ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆపῶࡍࡿࡓࡵ ࠊ㔠ᒓࡼࡾ㏆࠸⇕ఏᑟᛶࢆᣢࡘᮦᩱ㛤Ⓨࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ 㸷㸬⤖ゝ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ' ࣉࣜࣥࢸࣥࢢࡼࡿ࣏࣑ࣜࢻ〇ࡢࣈ࣮ࣟᡂ ᙧヨసᆺࢆ〇సࡋࠊ୍ᐃࡢᡂᙧ᮲௳ࡢୗࠊࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ ཬࡧࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧࢆヨࡳࠊ௨ୗࡢ▱ぢࢆᚓࡿࡇ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ 㸦㸯㸧ࢲࣞࢡࢺࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ㸦/'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ㸧 ࣭ ' ࣉࣜࣥࢸࣥࢢࡢ✚ᒙẁᕪࡼࡿᡂᙧရ㏱᫂ࡢᑐ ⟇ࡋ࡚✚ᒙ┠ࡢ◊☻ฎ⌮ࢆࡋࠊᆺཬࡧᡂᙧရࡢ⾲㠃⢒ ᅗ 㻞㻝㻌 ᾮయ䜢ሸ䛧䛯 㻸㻰㻼㻱 䝏䝳䞊䝤䛾〇ရ䝰䝕䝹 ࡉ㏱᫂ᗘࢆᖜྥୖࡉࡏࡓࠋ Fig.21 Liquid-filled LDPE tubes as product model. ࣭ 㐃⥆ᡂᙧⓎ⏕ࡍࡿᆺ ᗘୖ᪼ࡣࠊ㞳ᆺᛶᝏᡂᙧရ ࡢ⦰ࢆᣍࡃࡀࠊᶞ⬡ᆺタࡅࡓ ḟඖὶ㊰ࡼࡿỈ෭ࡀࡇ ࡢᑐ⟇ࡋ࡚ຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 㸺㸶㸬㸰㸼 ࣑ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝࡢ㐺⏝ຠᯝ እほ᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣࠊᶞ⬡ᆺࡢ✚ᒙ┠ࡀ㌿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀどㄆ࡛ ࣭ ୖグᶞ⬡ᆺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㐃⥆ᡂᙧ࠾࠸࡚ ᮏࡲ࡛ࡢᡂᙧရ ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋᡂᙧᚋࡢᆺࡢຎࡣࢇぢࡽࢀ࡞ ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ /'3( ࢳ࣮ࣗࣈẚ㍑ࡋ࡚⾲㠃◊☻ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓ ࡇ㉳ᅉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ⾲㠃ࡣࡊࡽࡊࡽࡋࡓゐឤ࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊᙧ≧⌧ᛶࡣⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࣔࢵࢡࢵࣉࣔࢹࣝࡋ࡚ ࡣ㐯Ⰽ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ≉ࠊࢲࣖࣔࣥࢻ࢝ࢵࢺࡢᙧ≧ࡣࠊ 㔠ᒓᆺ࡛ࡣ㧗㢠࡛⣡ᮇࡢࡿ」㞧ᙧ≧ရ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ' ࣉࣜࣥࢱᶞ ⬡ᆺࡢ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࢆάࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ᪤Ꮡࡢ࢟ࣕࢵࣉ➼ࢆྲྀࡾ ࠸ࡇࡽࠊࡉࡽᮏᩘࢆ᥇ྲྀࡍࡿࡇࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸦㸰㸧ࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ㸦࣑ࢽ 3(7 ࣎ࢺࣝ㸧 ࣭ 㔞⏘ᐇᮦᩱࡢ 3(7 ᶞ⬡ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୰✵ࣔࢵࢡࢵࣉࢆᚓࡿࡇ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ࣭ 㧗ᅽࣈ࣮࡛ࣟ࠶ࡿ 3(7 ᶞ⬡ࡢࣥࢪ࢙ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣈ࣮ࣟᡂᙧ ࡅࠊෆᐜ≀ࢆሸࡋࡓヨసᡂᙧရࢆᅗ ♧ࡍࠋ ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᮏᶞ⬡ᆺࡣᡂᙧᑐᛂྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ ࣭ 」㞧࡞〇ရᙧ≧࡛ࡶពᛶࡢ☜ㄆࡀศྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢥ ࢫࢺ࣭⣡ᮇࡢ㠃࡛ࡶඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋ ᩥ ⊩ ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ㸸᪂ࡶࡢ࡙ࡃࡾ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩㸧 ㇂ὒࠊ᪩㔝ㄔ㸸ゎㄝ' ࣉࣜࣥࢱ࣮̿$0 ᢏ⾡ࡢᢏ⾡ⓗⓎᒎࡢ ࡓࡵࠊ࢜ࣉࢺࣟࢽࢡࢫ♫⤒῭Ꮫ㒊 ⡿ᅜᮦᩱヨ㦂༠㸸$670 )D6WDQGDUG 7HUPLQRORJ\ IRU $GGLWLYH0DQXIDFWXULQJ7HFKQRORJLHV ୰ᕝጾ㞝ࠊ㇂ὒ㸸✚ᒙ㐀ᙧࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦㸧 ᅗ 㻞㻞㻌 ᾮయ䜢ሸ䛧䛯䝭䝙 㻼㻱㼀 䝪䝖䝹䛾〇ရ䝰䝕䝹 ᒣᮏ㈗ᩥࠊఫᒸ῟ྖࠊᯘ༓ṓ㸸ᐩᒣ┴ᕤᴗᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ሗ࿌ 1R Fig.22 Liquid-filled mini PET bottles as product model. - 23 − 23 −
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