ワードプロセッサ課題③(PDF 204 KB)

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ゼッケン番号
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The Impact of Invasive Species
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S
cientists
place
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have
today
long
been
concerned
about
the
changes
taking
in ecosystems due to invasive species. Famed Harvard
biologist Edward O. Wilson argued that invasions of alien species are second only to
habitat destruction in their impact on species extinction. English ecologist Charles Elton,
who initiated the scientific study of invasive alien species in his seminal work the
Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants in 1958, wrote, “We must make no mistake.
We are seeing one of the greatest historical convolutions in the world’s fauna and
flora. ”Elton and his team of researchers hoped to better understand the impact of alien
species by uncovering underlying patterns and answering such questions as: Are certain
species better adapted to invasions? Why are certain environments, like the Hawaiian
Islands, more prone to invasions? And why have the American gray squirrels been so
successful in overrunning the British Isles? The researchers collected volumes of case
studies in an effort to answer these and other questions.
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H
alf a century of research since Elton’s early work has confirmed that
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invasive species can and do change ecosystems in a variety of ways, by
spreading disease among natural species, by altering the environment in a way that
favors their survival, and by eating other species. However, the compilation of cases show
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a pattern that Elton would not have expected - alien species rarely drive out native
species. Looking at the case of the gray squirrels that Elton was particularly
intrigued
with, the rise in the number of gray squirrels coincided withthe
decrease in the populations of Eurasian red squirrels so loved by British
people.There are less than 30,000 of these red squirrels in Britain today.
It seemed obvious to most observers that this invading species had
overrun the native species and directly caused its decline.
競技課題3:英文ワープロ(The Impact of Invasive Species)
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