29 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56(2015年3月) OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56(March 2015) 㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࣇࣛࣜࡢㄪᰝ ሯ 㟹 A Survey of Filarial Parasites Transmitted by Blackflies in the Osumi Islands OTSUKA Yasushi 㮵ඣᓥᏛᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࣈࣘࡣࣇࣛࣜ࡞ࡢཎయࢆ፹ࡍࡿࡇࡽ་Ꮫⓗࡸ⋇་Ꮫⓗࡶ㔜せ࡞྾⾑࡛᪻࠶ ࡿࠋᅇࠊ㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࣈࣘࡢ፹ࡍࡿࣇࣛࣜࡢㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᒇஂᓥ࡛࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛ ࣈࣘ 25 ༉ࠊࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 23 ༉ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 7 ༉ࡢ㞤ᡂࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡽ ࢆゎ๗ࡋࡓࡀࣇࣛࣜࡣぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛༡すㅖᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀே྾⾑✀ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ ࣈࣘࡣࣇࣜ࢝ࡸ୰༡⡿࡛ࡣࣄࢺ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝㸦Ἑᕝ┣┠㸧ࡢ㉳ᅉ✀࡞ࡿ ࣇࣛࣜࡢ୍✀࡛࠶ࡿ Onchocerca volvulus ࢆ፹ࡍࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࣀࢩࢩᐤ⏕ ࡍࡿ O. dewittei japonica ࡼࡿே⋇ඹ㏻࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࢆ፹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣀࢩࢩ ࡣ O. dewittei japonica ࡢࡶ O. takaokai ࡶࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡢᐟ࡛ࡣࠊ∵࠸ࡿ O. lienalis O. sp.ࠊࢽ࣍ࣥࢪ࢝࠸ࡿ O. eberhardi O. skrjabiniࠊࢽ࣍ࣥ࢝ࣔࢩ࢝࠸ࡿ O. suzukii ࢆࣈࣘࡀ፹ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣈࣘࡀ፹ ࡍࡿ࠺ࢃࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ Onchocera ✀ࡋ࡚ࠊ∵ O. gibsoni O. gutturosaࠊ 㤿 O. cervicalis ࡀ࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛㝮ㅖᓥࢆྵࡵ༡すㅖᓥ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࣈࣘࡀ፹ ࡍࡿ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࡢㄪᰝࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ⮬↛⏺ࡽࣈࣘࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡑࡢಖ᭷ ࡍࡿ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࢆྵࡴࣇࣛࣜࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ 30 OTSUKA Yasushi ᪉ἲ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ⣖ඖᮡ㏆ࡃ㸦ᶆ㧗 700m㸧ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣ⏨ῡዪῡࡢ㏆ࡃ㸦ᶆ㧗 100m㸧 ࡛ࠊேᅓἲ㸦㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡶࢻࣜࣥࢢ≧ែ࡛ྠ⏝ࡋࡓ㸧ࡼࡾࣈ࣓ࣘࢫ ᡂࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࠋ᥇㞟ࡋࡓ࣓ࢫᡂࡣ 80%ࣝࢥ࣮ࣝධࢀ◊✲ᐊᣢࡕᖐࡾࠊ㢧ᚤ 㙾ୗ࡛ゎ๗ࡋࣇࣛࣜᗂࢆ᥈ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ᥇㞟ᆅ࿘㎶ࡢἙᕝ࡛ࣈࣘࡢᗂ࠾ࡼࡧ ⻈ࡢ᥇㞟ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ⤖ᯝ ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡢ᥇㞟࡛ࡣ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 25 ༉ࠊࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 23 ༉ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ 7 ༉ࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࠋ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࣈࣘࢆ◊✲ᐊᣢࡕᖐࡾゎ๗ ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࣈࣘࡽࡣ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ྵࡴࣇࣛࣜᗂࡣぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ᥇ྲྀᆅ࿘㎶ࡢἙᕝ࡛ࣈࣘࡢᗂ࠾ࡼࡧ⻈ࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ࢟ࢩࢶ࣓ࢺࢤࣈࣘࠊࣄ࣓ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊ࢟ࢩࢶ࣓ࢺࢤࣈࣘࠊࣄ࣓ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ ࢟ࣈࣘࠊࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ᅗ 1 ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ㸦ᕥ㸧࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘ㸦ྑ㸧ࡢ㞤ᡂ 31 A Survey of Filarial Parasites Transmitted by Blackflies in the Osumi Islands ⪃ᐹ ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࠊࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࢆ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࠋ ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡣ༡すㅖᓥ࡛ேࢆ྾⾑ࡍࡿࣈࣘ✀ࡋ࡚ࡼࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᅇࡣ ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀ᥇㞟ᩘ࡛ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࢆୖᅇࡗࡓࠋᅇࡢㄪᰝࡀ 10 ᭶ ࡔࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊᖺ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ྠࡌ⤖ᯝ࡞ࡿ࠺ࡣࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡀࠊᒇஂᓥ࡛ࡣ࢝ ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀே྾⾑✀ࡋ࡚㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋ᥇㞟ࡋࡓࣈࣘࡽ ࡣࣇࣛࣜᗂࡣぢࡘࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ㔝እㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࢆぢ࡚ࡶឤᰁ⋡ ࡣ㧗ࡃ࡚ࡶ 1㹼3%࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡉࡽከࡃࡢࣈࣘࢆゎ๗ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ᒇஂᓥ✀Ꮚᓥࡣࣀࢩࢩࡀ࠸࡞࠸ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓᒇஂᓥ࠸ࡿࣖࢡࢩ࢝ࡣ ᮏᅵ⏕ᜥࡍࡿࢽ࣍ࣥࢪ࡛࢝ࡣ࡞ࡃள✀ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᮏᅵࡣ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ࢝ࡢᐟ ࡞ࡿ့ங㢮ࡢ⏕ᜥ≧ἣࡀࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣ࡛ࣈࣘࡀ࢜ࣥࢥࢭࣝ ࢝ࡢ፹⪅ࡋ࡚ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࢆ▱ࡿࡓࡵࡶࠊᚋࡶㄪᰝࡀ ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࣈࣘࡢᗂ࣭⻈᥇㞟࡛ࡣ✀Ꮚᓥࡽึグ㘓࡞ࡿࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࢆ᥇㞟 ࡋࡓࠋࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࡣᾏ㐨࡞᪥ᮏࡢ᪉ከࡃศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ✀࡛࠶ࡿࠋᕞ ࡛ࡶ⛥᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢲࢭ࣐ࣥࣖࣈࣘࡢࡼ࠺㝮ㅖᓥࡲ࡛ศᕸࡀ࠶ࡿ ࣈࣘ✀ࡋ࡚ࡣ࢘ࢳࢲࢶࣀ࣐ࣘࣈࣘࡸࣄ࣓ࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᅇ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ᗂ ⻈ࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ࢟ࣈࣘࡶ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢศᕸࡣ㝮ㅖᓥࡲ࡛࡛ࠊྎ‴௨༡࠸ࡿ ࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ࢟ࣈࣘࡣ㑇ఏᏊ㓄ิࡢẚ㍑ู࡛✀࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅇࠊ ᒇஂᓥ࡛᭱ࡶᡂࡀ᥇㞟ࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡶࢦࢫࢪࢩࣛ࢟ࣈࣘྠࡌ ࡃࠊᮾ༡ࢪศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢศᕸࡢ༡㝈ࡣ㝮ㅖᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢝ ࢡࣛࢩ࣐ࢲࣛࣈࣘࡶྛᆅࡢ㑇ఏᏊ㓄ิࡢẚ㍑࡛㞃ⶸ✀㸦cryptic species㸧ࡢ᭷↓ࡢ ☜ㄆࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
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