3 [1] 12-2-1 [2] Adaboost 2 HOG [3] HOG LBP 12-2-2 8 8 - 110 - [4] 2 Partial Least Squares, PLS [5] PLS PLS Random Forest[6] Unscented Kalman Filter 12-2-3 12-2-1 TUD-Stadtmitte [7] 2 [1] TUD-Stadtmitte 2 [8] Laser Range Finder LRF 12-2-4 LRF LRF - 111 - LRF 12-2-5 2 12-2-6 LRF 12-2-6 12-2-7 LRF 12-2-8 12-2-9 (a) (b) [9] LRF 2 3 - 112 - 3 LRF [10] 12-2-10 3 3 LRF (a) (b) (c) (d) 3 RealAdaBoost [11] 0.90 12-2-11 800 0.94 [12] [9] 2 3 12-2-12 LRF 147 0.87 12-2-13 - 113 - 1 [13] 3 SLAM GPS GPS 3 3 2 120 12-3-1 3 4 12-3-2 12-3-2 SURF GPS pose graph Bag-of-visual-words 2 2 [14] pose graph SLAM [15] - 114 - 2 12-3-3 Igi Ardiyanto [1] I. Ardiyanto and J. Miura, “Partial Least Square-based Human Upper Body Orientation Estimation with Combined Detection and Tracking”, Image and Vision Computing, Vol. 32, No. 11, pp. 904-915, 2014. [2] N. Dalal and B. Briggs, “Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection”, Proc. 2005 IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 886-893, 2005. [3] Q. Zhu et al., “Fast Human Detection using a Cascade of Histograms of Oriented Gradients”, Proc. 2006 IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1491-1498, 2006. [4] T. Ojala, M. Pietikainen, and T. Maenpaa, “Multiresolution Gray-Scale and Rotation Invariant Texture Classification with Local Binary Patterns”, IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 981-987, 2002. [5] W.R. Schwartz et al., “Human Detection using Partial Least Squares Analysis”, Proc. 12th - 115 - IEEE Int. Conf. on Computer Vision, pp. 24-31, 2009. [6] L. Breiman, “Random Forest”, Machine Learning, Vol. 45, pp. 5-32, 2001. [7] M. Andriluka, S. Roth, and B. Schiele, “Monocular 3D Pose Estimation and Tracking by Detection”, 2010 IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 623-630, 2010. [8] ,“ ”, 32 2014. [9] , “3 ”, 32 2014. [10] ,“ ”, Vol. 29, No. 10, pp. 963-970, 2011. [11] R.E. Schapire and Y. Singer, “Improved Boosting Algorithms Using Confidence-Rated Projections”, Machine Learning, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 297-336, 1999. [12] H. Kawakami and T. Ohira, “Electronically Steerable Passive Array Radiator (ESPAR) Antennas, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 43-50, 2005. [13] ,“ 3 ”, 32 2014. [14] C. Csurka et al., “Visual Categorization with Bags of Keypoints”, Proc. ECCV-2004 Workshop on Statistical Learning in Computer Vision, pp. 1-22, 2004. [15] E. Olson, J. Leonard, and S. Teller, “Fast Iterative Alignment of Pose Graphs with Poor Initial Estimates”, Proc. 2006 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, pp. 2262-2269, 2006. - 116 -
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