Standardized and structured terminology specific for agricultural practice on rice cultivation in Japan NARO National Agricultural Research Center（NARO/NARC) Japan Akane Takezaki・Daisuke Horyu Tomokazu Yoshida N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Supporting Systems for Planning and Management Systems for Planning and of Farm, Crop production of Management Farm, Crop production Visualization of work activity production cost Accumulation of expert knowledge Terms for element Work name Worker name Working time ・・・・・・・・・・・ etc Various kinds of terms for elements 「PMS」（Tomokazu Y. 2009） N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Semantic Heterogeneity Coarse puddling Ground preparation for planting Puddling Land leveling http://www.toukei.maff.go.jp/dijest/kome/kome05/kome05.html ・Various kinds of terms are used to describe work activities because users have different profiles and context. ・ Each software package uses their own terminology ＝＞Lack of “semantic level” interoperability N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN SIP;Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program We aim to construct a system that enables exchange of agricultural data. ｘCLOPコンソーシアム 農研機構（中央農研） 総括・進行管理 Narc NII iAgLIB：農業用語 iCLOP：API仕様・データ収集 農研機構（中央農研） 農研機構 国立情報学研究所 Terminology for work富士通 activities 京都大学 中部大学 情報通信研究機構 イーラボエクスペリエンス（イーラボ） 富士通 iAgLIB：肥料銘柄情報 iNN1000：現場データ 実証・評価 農業ナビゲーション研究所 九州大学 農研機構（中央農研） 富士通 iCLOP：既存アプリ対応 農研機構 中部大学 農研機構（中央農研） 富士通 富士通 農業IT普及 N a t i o n a l イーラボ 農業ナビゲーション研究所 協力生産組織 （コンソ外） ALFAE（アルファ） A g r i c u l t u r e a n d F o o d R e s e a r c h O r g a n i z a t i o n 外部ICT関連企業（サービス提供会社等）・団体・機関等 N a t i o n a l A g r i c u l t u r a l R e s e a r c h 協力農家を起点とした拡充・普及 Center, JAPAN 4 Our purpose(NARC and NII) Standardized and structured terminology specific for work activities on rice production International interoperability in agriculture Cross-sectioral Interoperability IMI(IPA Japan) Infrastructure for Multilayer Interoperability AGROVOC （FAO) Tool Development For data conversion For data Input support agroXML(EC) Enhancement of “semantic level” interoperability by creating a reference terminology Infrastructure to facilitate cooperation between systems, among people N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Standardized and structured terminology 1.Use of existing standards Agriculture; AGROVOC by FAO agroXML by EC etc. General; IMI by IPA in Japan etc. 2.Components Classes; Concept describing about work activities on rice cultivation Properties; Concept describing various features and attributes of the concept Classes Hierarchy structures; Superclass Subclass ;concepts that are more specific than the superclass. N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Existing standards_AGROVOC AGROVOC • Controlled vocabulary • Published by over 32,000 concepts • Available in 21 languages as SKOS-XL concept schema • Subject fields; agriculture, forestry, fisheries, food security and related domains • Published as Linked Open Data (RDF) aligned with 13 datasets related to agriculture. N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Existing standards_AGROVOC Limited set of relationships between concepts Relationship Hierarchical relationships N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Existing standards_agroXML agroXML <standardized language for data exchange in agriculture > • agroXML schema Based on a model of the real world process in agricultural production • Content list Terms for elements, which demands a standardized vocabulary <Available> Pesticide fertilizer, type of machine , plant name etc. N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Existing standards_IMI N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Existing standards_IMI Geographical Space/ Facilities □□ Transportation IMI Core vocabulary ○○ △△ Work activities Agriculture Disaster preventation □□ Agriculture Crops vocabulary Core vocabulary <Class; event> Fertilizers ○○ △△ Pesticides <Sub-domain> N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Plan Step 1; Enumerate important terms Decide important terms depending on term frequency • Collect terms used in supporting systems for planning and management of farm, crop production, such as PMS. • Collect terms in relevant literature. Step 2; Define classes and arrange them in a taxonomic hierarchy N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Enumerate important terms MAFF standardized terms <Terms used in PMS > Not important terms? These terms were not used in PMS Important terms? Many terms with relative concept were used in PMS N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN MAFF standardized terms Superclass Subclass Raising of seedling Define classes and arrange the classes in a taxonomic hierarchy according to work process. Plowing and tillage Basal dressings Transport Problems Subclass concepts are not specific than the superclass. Ex ;“Transport （運搬）” is not a subclass of “basal dressing (基肥)” Seeding and planting Topdressing N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Try to define classes and arrange them in a taxonomic hierarchy Four superclasses Work activities for 1.Crop production, 2.Growth environmental manipulation 3.Commodity production, and 4.Indirect labor Crop production Regulation of seed germination Regulation of vegetative growth Regulation of reproductive growth N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN Conclusions • NARC and NII started to develop the standardized and structured terminology specific for work activities on rice production This year • Select important terms • Try to define classes and arrange them in a taxonomic hierarchy In the future • Revise and refine initial ontology N a t i o n a l National A g r i c u l t u r e a n d Agricultural F o o d R e s e a r c h Research O r g a n i z a t i o n Center, JAPAN
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