Title
The Pole Star Monthly, Vol.07, No.05
Author(s)
北星堂
Citation
The Pole Star Monthly, 7(5): 1-8
Issue Date
1934-12-01
Type
Article
Text version
URL
publisher
http://hdl.handle.net/10110/12417
Rights
http://utomir.lib.u-toyama.ac.jp/dspace/
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jolt ~tar Jlonff)lp
VoL. VII-No. 5]
DECEMBER
1, 1934
Three Days From England to
Melbourne:
Britishers Win the Melbourne Centenary Air Race
The air race from England to Melbourne, which is part of the Melbourne
Centenary celebrations, ended on Tuesday
(October 23) morning in a victory for
Britain, Mr. C. W. A. Scott and Mr. T.
Campbell Black in their Comet aeroplane
crossing the finishing line at 5.34 a.m.
G.M.T. They had flown from England to
Melbourne in two days 23 hours.
- Mr. Parmentier and Mr. Moll, in the
Dutch K.L.M. (Douglas) air liner, carrying
three passengers, were second. On the
last lap they had an adventurous time.
Losing their way in the dark from Charleville, they had to come down at Albury,
160 miles from their goal, and were wedged in the mud. Hours of hard work, in
which the inhabitants of Albury lent willing assistance, were necessary before they
were able to resume the journey, to arrive
in Melbourne by 12.34 on Wednesday
morning.
Meantime their nearest rivals, the two
Americans, Colonel Roscoe Turner and
Mr. Clyde Pangborn, in their Boeing machine, were rapidly overhauling them, and
at the Charleville stop were only two
hours behind. At Bourke, halfway to
Melbourne from Charleville, they were
forced down for a time but were able to
continue after a brief stop.
Leading The Field
Scott and Black had led the field since
Mr. and Mrs. Mollison were delayed at
Karachi. They experienced engine trouble
crossing the Timor Sea. Repairs at Darwin enabled them to continue, and further
repairs were required at Charleville to
enable them to complete a remarkable
achievement.
Large crowds awaited the arrival at the
Flemington Racecourse, and gave the airmen an enthusiastic reception.
There has never been a race comparable
to this race over a course of about 12,000
miles for a prize of £10,000. Nor has
there ever been a race in which so many
countries were represented or with so
great a variety of aeroplanes in so small
an entry as 20. The aeroplanes included
a small two-seater such as an amateur
may use; the -racing type, which needs
expert handling; and the air liner which
has already begun its career as a commercial aeroplane.
Remarkable Speeds
The start took place on Saturday (October 20th) morning at Mildenhall, Suffolk,
where, on the previous day, the King and
Queen and the Prince of Wales wished the
competitors a good journey. The beginning
Price 3 sen
Published by the Hokuseido
Nishikicho, Kanda, Tokyo
of the race was s een at dawn by many
thousands of people, most of whom had
spent the night on the roads or camped in
cars and caravans round the edges of the
aerodrome. At 6.30 exactly Sir Alfred
Bower, the acting Lord Mayor, dropped
the starting flag for the first machine, and
Mr. Mollison and Mrs. Mollison, who were
the first to go, set their Comet under way.
It was barely off the ground when Colonel
Roscoe Turner's Boeing was flagged out,
and soon afterwards the second and third
Comets, with Mr. Cathcart Jones and Mr.
K. F. H. Waller in one and Mr. Scott and
Mr. Black in the other, followed. The
other aeroplanes were put into the air in
due course without mishap.
The first two days of flying set up at
least two new records and put four competitors out of the race. Mr. and Mrs.
Mollison, by their fast flight to Karachi,
reduced the record for the journey to
India from 50 hours (the time taken by
Squadron Leader Jones-Williams and
Flight-Lieutenant N. H. Jenkins in April,
1929) to 22 hours 13 minutes. The still
more remarkable flight of Mr. C. W. A.
Scott and Mr. T. Campbell Black to Singapore in 39 hours 56 minutes is about two
days less than the best time for the journey
made by Mr. C. T. P. Ulm a year ago.
The time of the American air liner entered by the Netherlands was better than
anything done before by a commercial
aeroplane on the route to the East.
Four machines were out of the racethe Airspeed Viceroy flown by Captain
Neville Stack, the Granville monoplane in
which Miss Cochran and Mr. Wesley Smith
were flying, the Lockheed Vega of Mr.
J. Woods and Mr. D. C. Bennett, and the
Pander, in which Mr. D. L. Asjes and Mr.
G. J, Geysendorfer were the pilots.
Winners' Engine Trouble
The winners reached Charleville in their
Comet aeroplane at 10.40 G.M.T. on Monday night, and left for Melbourne and the
finishing line at 12.59 a.m. The journey
to Charleville of 10,513 miles had been
made in 64 hours 6 minutes. Their time
to Darwin was two days four hours 33
minutes, a reduction of the record by four
days 13 hours 12 minutes. The 2,084
miles from Singapore to Darwin occupied
11~ hours; the distance of 1,389 miles to
Charleville was done in 9~ hours, at an
average speed of about 147 miles an hour,
as compared with 176 miles an hour on
the previous stage.
This was due to engine trouble, which
the airmen had already experienced when
crossing the Timor Sea. As at Darwin,
only one engine was running when the
Comet landed at Charleville. Mechanics
worked on it, but the engine was still
THE POLE STAR MONTHLY
2
VOL. VII, NO. 5
~
Outlook for Naval Conference
Dark with All Powers at Odds
By Hector C. Bywater, Current Hist01y, October, 1934
(Continued from Nov. Number)
Probably under the delusion that all
naval competition had been end ed by the
Washington treaty, the United States for
several years therea fter made no addition to its fle et. During the same period ,
however, all the other trea ty powers were
steadily r einforcing their armaments at
sea, Great Britain being the last to join
in. Soon, therefore, the United States
found its relative strength declinin g. There
followed an outcry against the other powers
for starting a new naval race, though in
fact, by systematically restoring their depleted fleets, they were only obeying the
instinct of self-preservation. Each was
scrupulously observing the Wa shing ton
treaty rules and none made any attempt to
exceed its legal quota in the categories of
restricted tonnage.
Eventually, of course, the United States
also had to resume building. S ix heavy
cruisers were begun in 1928 and authority
was obtained for a larger program in the
event of further disarmament negotiations
proving futile. Finally, in 1930, the Lon·
don treaty established definite quotas for
all classes of naval tonnage in the case of
Britain, the United States and Japan, bllt
as France and Italy stood aloof, this ar·
rangement, it was clear, could only be
temporary. In consequence, the n ew treaty
was scheduled to expire at the end of 1936.
It was a strangely one-sided compact.
\'\lhile, for example, Britain bound herself
not to complete more than 91,000 tons of
new cruise rs in the period cove red by the
treaty, no similar obligation was laic! upon
the United States or Japan. H ere, then,
is a typical example of the secret diplofaulty when they took off, and they were
obliged to return to the aerodrome for
further repairs. They took off again successfully two hours and 19 minutes after
their arrival.
On arriving at Darwin Scott said that
the oil circulation system of one engine
had given trouble half-way over the Timor
Sea and the motor "packed up." They
had flown the last two and a half hours
on one engine. Beneath immense arc
lights repairs began immediately.
The weather has given us everything that is
bad this flight ( he said). Terrible w eather mark.
ed the trip across Europe, Turkey Syria, and
Southern Asia. I am tired and wish it was all
over, but I'm anxious to get on. 'l'he Come t is
amazingly fas t. It is a wonderful machine. W c
were worried approaching Singapore•.because \Ve
didn't want to land there in darkness, so w e flew
about till dawn in high clouds, rain, and every.
thin g e lse the weather can do to make flying
hazardous. We determined to reach Darwin in
one hop and flew mostly over the sea. \Ve made
a course over Borneo and then across F lores.
When over the Timor S€a the port motor packed
up, giving us the scare of our lives. \Ve knew
then we had to reach Darwin on one engine. I
don't n1ind admitting that we had lifebelts out.
It was a nightmare the last two and a half hours,
but it saved petrol. "\Ve were overjoyed to see
Darwin aerodrome lights. W e' ll go on till we
drop. We are determined to win.
Reception of the Winners
Thousands of people on the ground,
and scores of aeroplanes circling overhead,
macy pra cticed by the British Socialist
leaders whose de termination to score a
party triumph blinded them to the higher
claims of national security. As a sop to
the Admiralty and to t hat section of the
public which mi gh t protest against the uncompensated surrender of naval assets the
"escalator" clause was insert ed.
This
authorizes a signatory power to go beyond
its tonnage quota in the event of a neigh·
boring State, no t a party to the pact, becoming a potential men ace by reason of
excessive naval building. Actually this safe·
guard is illusory, since invocation of the
clause in ql1estion would inv ite a dange rOUS C rlSIS.
Puzzled by U. S. Policy
Suppose, for in stance, that Great Britain,
findin g that both France and Italy had
doubled their submarine fleets since the
treaty-a s indeed they have-resolved to
build an additional 50,000 tons of anti-submarine craft by taking advantage of the
escalator clause. As a first step she would
have to notify her treaty partners, the
United States and Japan, and justify her
proposed action by indicting France and
Italy as prospective enemies. It would be
impossible to keep the ensuing correspondence betw een London, w ·ashington and
Tokyo a secre t, and the effects of the dis·
closure on Britain's r elations with her
continental neighbors may readily be
imagined. Eighteen month s ago the British
Premie r told a peace deputation that if
professional, that is, Admiralty, adv ice had
been taken, the escalator clause would have
be en invoked in 1932. That this was not
done is a tacit admission that as a safe·
guard the elause is worthless.
As I have remadced, American naval
policy is somewhat puzzling to the fore igner. For several years the United States
may not lay a singl e man-of-war keel; then
there comes a strenuous publicity campaign
to rouse country and Congress, and eventu.
ally a big program of new construction is
put in han d. Th is completed, another prolonged period of inactivity ensues; the
r elative stren gth that had been gained is
gradually lost and once more there is hur.
ried bllilding on a large scale to restore
the balan ce. ?uch a_ policy inevitably
creates a fal se 1mpress10n abroad and it is
open to any foreign critic to one of these
big programs-such as the NHA measure
of 1933 and the Vin son bill of 1934-as
e vidence that the United States, while
preaching the virtues of di sarmament to
others, is actually inaugurating a new naval
ra ce. Intelligent observers know this charge
to be unfair, but for propaganda purposes
the fact that the Un ited States has authorized over 130 new fighting ships in
twelve months can be exploited with telling
effect.
Japan's Force Concentrated
About Japan's naval policy there is nothing obscure or ambiguous. Its obj ect is so
to consolidate her strategic position as to
render armed forei gn interference in Eastern Asia physically impossible. That goal
is now in sight, if it has not already been
attained. Japan keeps no warships in
foreign wate1·s, nor does she possess over·
sea bas es other than the mandated South
Sea I slands. Her whole naval force is
concentrated in home waters, where, thanks
to geography and a first-class fle et, her
position is practically impregnable. Judg·
ing from experience, no argument however
plausible, no gesture however persuasive,
will move her to reduce her naval arma·
ment by a single ton or a single gun below the standard which she deems neces·
sary. On the contrary, having obtained a
3-5 ratio of strength at \,Y ashington, subgave Mr. Scott and Mr. Black a tumultu· sequently increased to 3~-5 at Lon don, she
ous welcome as the Comet passed over is now demanding "parity in principl e "
Flemington. The Lord Mayor of Mel- and, by all accounts, will be satisfied with
bourne and Sir MacPherson Robertson, nothing less.
the donor of the prize for the race, were
For reasons nvt wholly apparent to the
present.
outer world Japan professes to regard the
Mr. Scott, speaking on landing, said:- year 1935 with grave apprehension. In
"It seems that we started the race some that year, it is true, the next naval con·
five centuries ago. With every mile on ference is to be held, and almost simultane·
our last lap to l\lleibourne it seemed that ously Japan's withdrawal from the League
we slipped back two. I do dot adequately of Nations will become definitive. On the
realize that I a m he re. We looked upon face of it, however, there is nothing to
it as our duty to get to Australia as soon indicate that tragic consequences will fol·
as possible. We a r e happy and pleased low either event. Japan may, of course,
and proud to think that we did so in a anti cipate a demand for the retrocession
British plane."
of the former German islands in the Pacific
When Mr. Black alighted his first words which she holds under the League's man·
were: "I am fit, and have been perfectly date and which are now considered to he
fit throughout the flight." He added: important bastions in her rampart of de·
"Complete lack of sleep except for brief fence. But if such a demand were raised
dozes in the cramped cockpit made the it would probably be a mere formality to
flight one of the most trying experiences save the face of the League, since no one
in my life, but the end of the last quarter imagines that Japan would comply with it.
of an hour, when we were wondering if As for the naval conference, a Japanese
the Comet's single engine would carry us I claim to parity would doubtless be resist·
to Flemington, mad e everything worth ed by Great Britain and the United States,
while. Two thermos flasks of black coffee but even so there would be ample scope
kept us awake, and barley sugar and for compromise. It is precisely because
chocolate were about the most important world naval policies are conflicting that
things the machine carried, but there was these periodical armament talks are held,
also a small black cat mascot, 'Just for the object being to map out a multilateral
Luck.'"
policy acceptable to all and thus avoid, or
DECEMBER
THE POLE STAR MONTHLY
3
at least modify, the frankly competitive combatant craft. The battleship standard,
now at 35,000 tons and 16·inch guns, should
shipbuilding which is a danger to peace.
be lowered to 25,000 tons and 12-inch guns,
Japan Master in Pacific
or, subject to corresponding cruiser restricIf the reported intention of the United tion, to 22,000 tons and 11-inch guns. The
States to evacuate the Philippines and present cruiser standard of 10,000 tons and
withdraw its naval forces to Hawaii is 8-inch guns should be 7,000 tons and 6-inch
actually carried out, the principal cause of guns. Battleships and cruisers of these
armament rivalry with Japan will disap- smaller types would, it is claimed, be perpear, for the two fleets would then be so fectly competent to perform all reasonable
far apart as to render battle contact all functions. The submarine should be totally
but impossible. Such a development would abolished, or, alternatively, limited to 250
materially weaken the Japanese case for tons, which would restrict its operations to
a still larger navy, since she would then coastal defense and disqualify it to act as
be left in unchallenged command of the a commerce raider on the high seas. FiWestern Pacific. As every student of nally, British favors some form of control
strategy is well aware, Japan's mastery of over naval aircraft, which for the present
her own waters is already absolute. Never- are not restricted by treaty.
theless, the presence of an American squaU. S. Wants Sweeping Cut
dron at Manila is always a convenient
The United States is expected to propose
pretext for Japanese big-navy propaganda.
Neither France nor Italy is expected to a sweeping pari passu cut in the strength
be an enthusiastic participant in next year's of all navies concerned, probably by one·
conference. They know that one of its third. It is sympathetic in principle to
chief objects will be to limit the produc- British views on the submarine, but does
tion of submarines and light surface craft not desire any reduction in the size or
-the very types to which they are most armament of battleships and cruisers, holdpartial. Both declined to accept any re- ing that the present standards, which instriction on tonnage at the London parley, volve heavy building costs, are the best
and there is nothing to indicate any change deterrent to unbridled competition, besides
in their a~titudes. Each power is creating being suited to American strategic requirea most formidable submarine fleet. France ments.
Japan will denounce the Washingtonhas 109 boats and Italy 65, the majority of
which are of up-to·date design. These London ratios and demand full parity, in
totals are sufficient to explain why Great principle, with Great Britain and the UnitBritain could not in any circumstances ed States. The Japanese will insist on the
agree to an extension of the London treaty confirmation of Article 19 of the Washingin its present form, escalator clause or no ton treaty (forbidding development of
Pacific insular fleet bases) and will certainescalator clause.
In both France and Italy naval defense ly makes this a fundamental condition of
any
new pact. They will urge the total
is receiving much more attention than formerly. The first is determined to be mis- Tlac .Dra1na of the Pacific
tress of the Mediterranean, mainly because
Beino a Treatwe on the Immediate Problems
of her vital lines of communication with
which face Japan in the Pacific.
North Africa, her principal reservoir of
By Major Bodley
Price ¥2.00
military manpower. Further, the renaissance of the German navy is viewed with abolition of aircraft-carriers on the ground
growing anxiety and has already prompted of their essentially aggressive character.
France to lay down two 26,500·ton battle- Japan fears these ships more than any
ships at a cost of more than $30,000,000 other naval craft. She dreads the possibiliapiece. It is typical of the close inter- ty of large enemy carriers streaming across
relationship of naval armaments that this the Pacific to send off swarms of bombing
step by France, although directed against planes against Tokyo and other populous
Germany, has impelled Italy also to order centres, where heavy-calibre bombs would
two battleships. Political conditions today cause indescribable devastation amid the
are such that the laying of a man-of-war lightly built sections. Although wedded to
keel almost anywhere is apt to produce the submarine, which she has energetically
repercussions "from China to Peru."
developed, Japan might be prepared to acAs foreshadowed by official statements cept further restriction of this arm in reand unofficial clues, the programs of the turn for some sort of embargo on aircraftvarious power to be presented at next year's carriers. As regards battleships and cruisconference will approximate to the follow- ers, she favors modified dimensions someing summary :
what on the British plan, but has made it
The British Empire. Further reductions clear that if future American ships are
of naval armaments must be absolutely built to existing treaty standards she will
conditional on the agreement of all powers follow suit.
France will take a strong line at the
concerned, not merely two or three of them.
In other words, unless the three-power conference and, most probably, decline to
treaty negotiated at London in 1930 can consider proposals for the limitation of her
be extended to cover France and Italy, light forces, whether submarine or surface.
Great Britain will not renew it. Nor will It is to be feared that political friction may
she be disposed to perpetuate the existing be engendered, since Great Britain will
ratios of cruiser and other light tonnage undoubtedly press for such limitation and
without drastic reduction of the French make it a bed-rock condition not merely of
and Italian submarine and light forces. On any further scaling down of British naval
the contrary, if those forces are to remain armaments, but for their maintenance at
at their present strength, Britain will insist the present and in expert opinion wholly
on a substantially higher ratio of counter- inadequate standard. While willing to contonnage. She advocates a trenchant scal- firm, in principle, the Italian demand for
ing down in the size and armament of all equality, France is privately determined to
maintain a substantial lead over the Italian
fleet, and for that reason, if for no other,
is certain to press for light-tonnage quotas
far in excess of the maximum to which
Britain could agree.
Italy's Policy Outlined
Italy's policy, enunciated at the London
parley in 1930, has undergone no serious
modification. Its guiding principles is un•
qualified parity with France. In other
words, the French maximum of combatant
power at sea automatically becomes the
Italian minimum. That Italy is not bluff•
ing is demonstrated by the truly marvelous development of her navy in the last
ten years. In cruisers she has built keel•
for-keel against France, in submarines and
destroyers she is creeping up to the French
level, and by her bold decision to built
this year the two largest battleships in the
world she has canceled the French margin
in heavy tonnage. If these two powers are
represented at the conference, fireworks
are inevitable.
How, then, are the prospects to be sum•
marized? Frankly, they are black. With
the possible and dubious exception of Great
Britain and the United States, all the
powers are at sixes and sevens in respect
of naval policy. However much British
statesmen may wish to work in accord with
the United States, they are bound to con•
sider, in the first place, the balance of
power. in European waters, and this, as it
happens, is just that aspect of the general
problem in which the United States is least
interested. The situation in the Pacific is
comparatively simple and, given a modicum
of good-will all round, it should be no
difficult matter to determine, either roughly or precisely, the future dimensions of
the navies of the three powers chiefly interested. A combined Anglo-American
front at the council table would probably
induce a reasonable frame of mind in the
Japanese delegates, who, being men of
sense, would know that neither Great
Britain nor America harbored designs
against the peace of the Far East.
But tied fast to the leg of British states•
manship is the ball and chain of potential,
if not actual, menace in the North Sea,
the Channel and the Mediterranean. To
invite Great Britain to sign a disarmament
pact based on Pacific strategy alone would
be tantamount to asking the United States
to frame its future naval policy without
the slightest reference to Caribbean or
South American waters or, indeed, the
Atlantic as a whole.
Many Dangers Ahead
The track of the 1935 naval conference
bristles with danger signals which cannot
be ignored without courting disaster. It
will be held in an atmosphere highly charged
with electricity. No swift success need
be anticipated. A previous alignment of
British and American views on the Rapidan
principle will not avail this time and would
probably do more harm than good. Japan,
France and Italy are one and all in a
suspicious and very touchy mood on the
subject of armaments. If the conference
is to avoid shipwreck, its course must be
steered with consummate finesse. This
time the rule-of-thumb navigation II).ethods
which proved effective at Washington in
1921·22 and at London in 1930 will be of
no avail.
4
THE POLE STAR MONTHLY
The Rising Son of the Rising Sun
VOL. VII, NO. 5
as American as Babbitt, from the grand
' piano in the living room to the electric
waffle iron in the breakfast nook. But
What of the young generation of American-born, American-educated japanese
the last remnants of a Japanese heritage
who live within our gates? Aiji Tashiro discusses this emergent problem
would not disappear until another genera.
tion. When I last heard from George
autobiographically and in the light of one who has been dubbed: "Rising Son
who had finished school several year~
of the Rising Sun."
ahead of me, he admitted that he had
By AIJI TASHIRO (New Outlook, September, 1934)
gradually slipped into the Japanese way
(Continued from Last Number)
separated in age. His father ran a grocery of things. He was living in Tokyo-had
What has New England done for me? store; his sisters finished high school and come to like Japanese food, and his two.
It has prevented me from becoming a re- worked in a market. The "Typ" was year-old youngster spoke remarkably fine
search bacteriologist- from wearing suits enviably proficient in Math and in Art; Japanese for an American.
I do not state that George's destiny is
which are too big and hats which are too totally lacking in the finer points of social
small. It has prevented me from having grace. His clothes were incongruous and typical of the younger Japanese generamy hair cut high above my ears-from misfit. He ei ther slunk timidlv in the tion of America. But I will maintain that
being an epitome of politeness and shy- society ofAmericans or assumed defiant, as more and more of them become of
ness. It has led me from Saturday night truculent air. He was impervious to self- marrying age ;cnd have children who are
church soc ials to tread the paths of iniquity consciousness, if the latter class, and per- decidedly American, that a problem is
to Mrs. Theis' beer fiat, or to a fraternity sisted in jabbering loudly in Japanese in being created which is political, social
dance. It has resulted in my establishing the presence of Americans. All "Typs" and even athletic. Last year, a Pacific
Rabelais, Villon, Rupert Brookes and cliqued together in school and out. The Coast League baseball team signed up a
Anatole France as my gods instead of the timid kind went on to college and became Japanese ball player for the first time in
sayings of Confucius. It has, in short, Phi Beta Kappas and "Doctors." The baseball annals. The magnates realized
made me just an average college student. brazen variety became the denizens of that the numerous Japanese on the coast
I have no tortoise rimmed goggles nor pool halls and street corners. I decided were avid baseball fans and that a J apanese player would be an attraction.
Tau Beta Pi key as souvenirs of my four that I was not a "Typ."
Then there was a class wi th whom I
The pendulum has swung the other
years at college. The hiatus from campus
to business world finds me reminio;cing had little contact. They were the sons way. The new generation is American.
bankers,
importers
and
professional
They
play golf. They are adapting themof
happily over a series of rather pleasant
college escapades bordering on the Scott men in town. Some of these I classed as selves to contract bridge, and even acquir" Typs," nevertheless, because they resid- ing a resentment toward foreigners. StaFitzgerald pattern.
I remember my amazement on seeing ed in the Japanese colony. The majority t istics show that they are taller, less
from the train window at Spokane, five of them, however, lived in the better artistic, lighter in complexion than their
red-capped Japanese porters. All of them residential districts of town and seldom parents. In time to come, perhaps even
were perfect strangers and yet, somehow, came to the colony except to attend fiat noses, almond eyes, and black hair
I felt that I had known them intimately church. Although they drove big cars and will be modified. And in that time even
for years. This feeling might be explain- owned extensive wardrobes, they still the bugaboo of syndicate newspapers,
ed by the fact that there was a very inti· adhered to atrocious haircuts. They were intermarriage, may become prevalent.
This question of racial intermarriage
mate acq uaintanceship among all the Ja- treated almost obsequiously by their Amerpanese residents of New England. One ican companions, because of their wealth, has been brought to my attention many
spoke of the Kiharas who were farm- At least, so I decided. I decided that I times. The average Anglo-Saxon frowns up·
ers in Massachusetts, the Miyanagas who was not in this class either, for despite on the suggestion. There are others who
owned a restaurant in Boston, the Arais their outward conversion to Occidental boast that they are broad-minded. They
who li ved in New York, as if they were living I knew that they were basically still are inclined to hesitate a bit when one asks
Japanese.
if they would object to their own brothers
next door neighbors.
A typical example was George, a friend or sisters marrying an Oriental. The opThe first two months in Seattle were
rather overwhelming inasmuch as I met of mine who was the son of a wealthy ponent of racial intermarriage has a score
and saw hundreds of Japanese of all class- importer. His case was typical of the of arguments at his disposal. He flaunts
es, who were perfect strangers. The Japanese emphasis of primogeniture, and' the case of Mary, Ruth or Jane who
enjoyment of seeing hundreds of Japanese the peculiar attitude of Japanese men married a Jap. The marriage ended in
children of my own age was short lived. toward women. I had always though t of murder, discontentment and disillusion.
I soon found out that I was regarded George as a youth thoroughly American- The children were deformed, snubbed or
offishly by them as being a n American. ized, for he was born and reared in suffered from a hundred complexes. I do
And it must have been rather strange to America. But one day, on visiting his not advocate racial intermarriage. But I
them that I was unable to speak Japa- home, I was astounded by the humble air question very much some of the argu·
nese. However, they did not realize that in which his own mother served him and ments of those who are decide:lly antagoI understood their rather cutting com- the lordly attitude in which he ordered I nistic to it. True there have been many
mentaries perfectly. Whatever inimical her about. He adopted the same attitude unhappy marriages between Asiatics and
treatment I received from them through toward his sisters. Even his eight-year- Anglo-Saxons. One could easily find the
the day, however, was more than com- old brother wielded the Japanese preroga- reason why marital life was a discord.
pensated for when 3:30 came. While I tives of the masculine sex by ordering his In the m ajority of cases, although the
was free to read or loaf and enjoy all the much older sisters about like a young man concerned was of means, and of
genteel breeding, he was at heart a " typ"
privileges of youth, my Japanese contem- tyrant.
poraries were compelled by their parents
George confided to me that he was to and expected women to take a secondary
to attend Japanese school fo r two hours be sent to an Eastern university to study place in the scheme of things. This pe·
to learn the finer arts of writing and read- "Business Administration," after which he culiar relationship between himself and
ing their mother tongue.
would go to Japan to take care of his his wife was bred in him. No American
I made some attempt about this time father's business. He mentioned casually woman would stand for such a subordi·
to analyze the strange contrast between that there was a girl in Japan that he nate position in the marriage relationship.
my contemporaries' family life and my was going to marry - he had never seen Then, of course, there is the other ex·
own. I began to classify them, even coin- her. His younger brothers cherished as- treme in which a woman from a class in
ing words to satisfy my needs. There pirations toward college as well. I later which discordant marriages run high,
was a class of Japanese that I called learned that although George's way marries an Oriental, through distorted
" Typs." This was an abbreviation for through college was literally paved with romantic notions, or through an avidness
" typical J ap." A "Typ" usually needed gold, his younger brothers had bee n lef t for publicity. The male often turns out
a haircut or had too obviously just had to shift for themselves. George's fa ther to be a chauffeur, a cook or pool hall boY
one. He lived in one of the drab houses had completed his duty by financing his type. Such marriages, even among Anglo·
near Yeslerway with half a dozen or more oldest son's career.
Saxons in similar classes of society, result
brothers and sisters, all just one year
Outwardly George and his family were ! in a large percentage of failures.
a
J
DECEMBER
I am acquainted with scores of women
and men of Japanese parentage who have
married Occidentals. Most of them have
been well educated and have been brought
up in an American environment similar
to my own. The children from such unions
seem in all ways healthy and normal.
How they will react to the stigma of their
parenthood has yet to be seen. The average Japanese looks with disfavor upon
intermarriage, an attitude also prevalent
among Semitics with whom the Japanese
share many traits. Both races are aware
of their deep religious heritage. Both
races feel that they are far superior to
other peoples and that alien blood should
not be allowed to mingle with their own.
I have been asked many times whether
I would marry an American girl, or one
of Japanese parentage. My brief sojourn
on the Coast where Japanese families
abound, brought me into contact with
many girls of my age. But, somehow,
they had no attraction for me. Perhaps,
if the case were analyzed, it m ight be
found that I had seen too many movies
of blonde heroines with blue eyes and fair
skins. Or m aybe I was influenced by
Schopenhauer's metaphysical reasoning of
the attraction of opposites. I do not know
any more than m y interrogators who ask
whom I will marry, but there is no doubt
that my tastes are Occidental.
The "Typ," as I have classified him,
shied from social engagements to church
activities, or stag functions, But, as I
previously mentioned, I was not a "Typ."
On the college campus I was joshed goodnaturedly, for a long while, by friends of
both sexes for ' my failure to appear at
social functions r anging from the Junior
Prom to sorority dances. It finally dawned upon me that these jests concealed a
certain grain of sincerity. After finally
garnering enough courage to attend a few
functions I felt thoroughly at ease. True
I have h ad few dates. Somewhere in the
back of my mind lurks a sensitiveness to
refusal, or the suspicion that the date
might accept merely as a matter of politeness. Strolling about the campus with
some fair co-ed or cutting in on a friend
THE POLE STAR MONTHLY
5
at some school dance has never brought
to the surface the old race consciousness.
But to meet the same co-ed downtown
and to si t with her even on a street car
is an ordeal. Unfamiliar eyes seem to
gawk from every nook and· cranny. And
to think of taking a date to a function off
the campus is sheer mental discomfiture.
The average American, if there be such,
would have no idea of approaching a
stranger on the street to ask him if he
were a Swede or a Norwegian. And yet,
rarely a day passes when some perfect
stranger does not stop me to ask if I am
an Haw ai ian or a Filipino. Of course, I
am pestered from other sources too.
Would I please inform the writer of a
Jetter if women and m en bathe together
in Japan? W auld I talk to the Businessmen's Club upon the Japanese policy in
Manchuria?
Among other questions are: Would I
translate the inscription on this vase?
Is this print an authentic Hiroshige? Do
I know a Japanese boy at Columbia University whose first name is Hideo? He
resembles me a great deal.
The Western mind has not yet arrived
at the stage where it can differentiate one
Oriental from another, even racially. No
doubt the cartoonists and novelists are
responsible for this. Caricatures show all
Japanese with prominent teeth, an abundance of gold bridge work, slanting eyes
and coarse black h air. Story writers
elaborate upon this framework by proclaiming all Japanese to have difficulty
in pronouncing f's and r's. The story
writers' presentation of Oriental dialect,
except for a tendency to make all Orientals hiss, or speak pidgeon English, is, in
some degree, true. One who h as been
speaking J apanese from early youth never
masters the knack of pronouncing t he
English/'s. Thus he pronounces" friend"
as "hhriend." And invariably he break
his words up into syllables.
The movies, too, have done their bit in
informing the public how the Japanese
may be identified. All Japanese, according to newsreels, have a flair for derby
hats. Popular information attributes to
the Japanese an adeptness in throwing
knives and a proficiency in jiu-sitsu by
which a thrust at some hidden nerve
allows him to disable the biggest of opponents. Then, too, there is the prevalent
conception that all Japanese are secret
emissaries of the Emperor who huddle
nightly over their opium pipes to trace on
maps tentative routes for invasion of the
United States.
I am symbolic of the poor homesick
foreigner, friendless and bewildered in a
strange environment. Many a conscientious Christian's sense of duty has been
appeased by extending to me an invitation
to dinner or church, or by presenting me
with two tickets to a church social. I am
regarded as a connoisseur of art and called
upon to give my opinion of a Japanese
print which is reputed to be 500 years
old, or to vouch for the authenticity of a
piece of lacquer or china, the facsimile
·
of which is in the Museum.
I am considered an authority on the
culinary secrets of the East, from the correct way to cook rice to the proper method to serve tea. I am the insidious Jap
who has an undying hatred of all Chinamen. . . . I am the " Rising Son of the
Rising Sun.',
The professor's inadvertent remark
"Rising Son of the Rising Sun" bids fair
to compete with Kipling's immortal lines
of the meeting of the East and West. I
muse upon it as I sit here in my room.
From the Student's Union Building there
comes the strains of an old melody, Paul
Whiteman's "Japanese Sandman.'' Soft
lights-and low la ughter-all the glamour
of college beckons me there to the last
dance of the college year. But now in the
twilight of a college career I dread to go.
The friends in the stag line would nod
and jest with me. They would josh me
about my somewhat bqisterous actions at
Homecoming Day. They would repeat
that standard joke about my picking a
fight with the Chinese laundryman at the
corner. But behind all their badinage I
know there lies a certain sympathetic
curiosity as to my future. I am one of
the landmarks by which they would remember college. Should they run across
one another in the future, they would invariably ask, " I wonder what's become
of that Jap who was in our class?" A
certain sorrow hangs upon me that the
world as a whole is too large for me to
impress with the fact that I am no different from anyone else, as I have done
in the cloistered seclusion of college.
Through the dormitory - window the
shrill notes of a violin enter and pry about
the room with delicate fingers. The trombones and brass are muted, A flood of
memories assail me. I remember the cold
New England nights when I lay awake
looking at the stars as the wailing of my
father's sakuashi crept up the darkened
stairs. The voice of the flute has long
been the unfathomable voice of the East
beating upon the West with futility.
Voices pass below the window. A breeze
sweeps in the Quad and the leaves on the
maple rustle unceasingly. Moonlight drips
coldly upon the gargoyles peering over
the athletic field.
Dr. James A. B. Scherer's New Book---
AMERICA:
PAGEANTS AND PERSONALITIES
Price ¥ 1. 70
Informative Fascinating
lllustrated with 32 photographs
Postage 10 sen
Customs and manners, traditions and legends, pageants
and festivals, social and political institutions, social . ideas
and national ideals, universities, sports, history and the
Builders of the Nation, including statesmen, novelists, poets,
inventors, artists and scientists
NARRATED IN SIMPLE
BUT BEAUTIFUL LANGUAGE!
No Student of the English Language and Literature of, International Politics can afford to miss this book. Tourists will find
it Extremely Fascinating Reading.
HQKUSEIDO
6
VO
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.VII，NO. 5
T H E POLE STAR M O N T H L Y
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