ISSN 1342-3193
IAE-AR-2002
Institute of Advanced Energy
Kyoto University
IT
UN I V E
RS
ANNUAL REPORT
KY
OT
O
Y
I n st i t
e rgy
En
ut e
Ad van ce
d
of
ANNUAL REPORT
2001
京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所
ANNUAL REPORT
2001
Institute of Advanced Energy
Kyoto University
Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011
Japan
CONTENTS
1.
Foreword
1
2.
Staff List
2
3.
Organization Chart
7
4.
Brief History
8
5.
Research Activities
9
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Quantum Radiation Energy Research Section
10
Advanced Atomic Energy Research Section
14
Advanced Particle Beam Energy Research Section
18
Advanced Plasma Energy Research Section
22
Advanced Energy Research Section
26
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Materials Research Section
31
Advanced Energy Transportation Research Section
35
Advanced Energy Storage Research Section
39
Complex Plasma Systems Research Section
43
Clean Energy Conversion Research Section
47
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Chemical Reaction Complex Processes Research Section
53
Molecular Assembly Design Research Section
57
Advanced Functional Materials Research Section
61
Bioenergy Research Section
65
Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes
69
6.
Collaboration Works in Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes
73
7.
Symposium in Laboratory
78
8.
Collaboration Works with Other Universities and Organizations
79
9.
Financial Support
88
10. Publications and Presentations
91
11. Research Report
132
12. How to get to IAE
133
FOREWORD
In 2001, a tide of structural reform never experienced before surged on all the national
universities. In order to become world-class universities with specialties both in education and
research, the national universities are asked to adopt public accountability and strategic
management systems similar to private companies. The national universities have long been
playing an important role in promoting research in diverse fields as well as training researchers.
At Kyoto University, various activities are now ongoing. These include summarizing University
staff advice on structural reform that patterns itself after private corporations; proposing new
programs in response to this advice; and planning middle-term targets and projects to achieve.
Last year, twenty distinguished external reviewers (including foreigners) conducted a review of
our Institute under these circumstances.
The review
•
resulted in constructive advice and comments for our future research and operation
•
focused on the activities of three research areas (fusion energy, biotechnology assisted
energy and material production, quantum energy) to resolve future energy problems
•
focused on our present management system.
Now in the fifth year of a ten year project, we also wish to further develop a core-university
program with Seoul National University in Korea, and also collaborate with Rajamangala
Institute of Technology in Thailand.
It would be our great pleasure if this annual report could provide you with a better
understanding of our current activities.
March 2002
Kiyoshi YOSHIKAWA
Director
Institute of Advanced Energy
Kyoto University
ORGANIZATION CHART OF THE INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED ENERGY
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Quantum Radiation Energy Research Section
Advanced Atomic Energy Research Section
Advanced Particle Beam Energy Research Section
Advanced Plasma Energy Research Section
Advanced Energy Research Section
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Materials Research Section
Advanced Energy Transportation Research Section
Advanced Energy Storage Research Section
Complex Plasma Systems Research Section
Clean Energy Research Section
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Chemical Reaction Complex Processes Research Section
Molecular Assembly Design Research Section
Advanced Functional Materials Research Section
Bioenergy Research Section
Director
Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes
Workshop
Administration
General Affairs Section
Research Cooperation Section
Finance Section
Department Office
BRIEF HISTORY OF
THE INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED ENERGY
The Institute, established in 1971 as the Institute of
Atomic Energy, was renamed on May 11, 1996, to the
Institute of Advanced Energy with the consolidation of
Plasma Physics Laboratory, to represent its research
interests in advanced and socially acceptable energy
systems in the entire processes of energy generation,
conversion and utilization. The former Institute of
Atomic Energy, the predecessor of which was the
Engineering Research Institute founded in 1941 as
originally seeking to carry out synthetic studies of
engineering through the cooperative work of specialists
in different fields, has sought since 1971 to assume part
of the responsibility for peaceful applications of atomic
energy and has performed various kinds of fundamental
researches in nuclear engineering.
The recent rapid expansion of the research fields at
the Institute of Atomic Energy toward various fields of
energy sciences, such as systems engineering for social
and environmental energy systems, advanced energy
conversion researches in quantum engineering,
physico-chemistry and materials science, consequently
has brought about the new institute, i.e., the Institute of
Advanced Energy in search of advanced and socially
acceptable energy systems.
Professors of the Institute give lectures on their
specialized fields to students of the Graduate School of
Energy Science. Graduate students in various
specialized fields of energy science prepare their theses
for Master’s or Doctor’s degree at the Institute under
professorial guidance. The Institute also provides
research opportunities to those who specialize in
advanced energy science and engineering, and related
fields covered by the academic staff. The educational
activities of the staff are described in their respective
sections.
The institute is located on the Uji campus of the
university about 20km south of Kyoto city. Additional
facilities, for researches such as advanced materials,
advanced chemistry, magnetoplasma, plasma direct
energy conversion, plasma physics, and fusion
engineering, are located in the campus with individual
buildings.
The publications are renewed into the followings;
(1) Annual Report of the Institute of Advanced Energy,
Kyoto University, (in English).
(2)Research Report of the Institute of Advanced Energy,
Kyoto University (occasionally, in English).
(3) News Letter of the Institute of Advanced Energy,
Kyoto University, (three issues a year, in Japanese).
The Institute consists of the following three main
research divisions each containing four research
sections, and an attached laboratory, with two visiting
staff research sections in addition.
It is strongly encouraged for every research section
or division to make joint collaborative researches with
other divisions, to cope with, in particular,
energy-related interdisciplinary critical issues we are
facing at present or in the future to come.
I. ADVANCED ENERGY GENERATION DIVISION
(study publicly acceptable high quality energy
generation of advanced energy)
(a) Quantum Radiation Energy Research Section
(b)Advanced Atomic Energy Research Section
(c) Advanced Particle Beam Energy Research Section
(d)Advanced Plasma Energy Research Section
(e) Advanced Energy Research Section (foreign
visiting professor)
II. ADVANCED ENERGY CONVERSION DIVISION
(study of improvement of efficiency and other
performances in the functional energy conversion
processes)
(a) Combines and Varying Conversion Processes
Research Section
(b)Advanced Energy Transportation Research Section
(c) Advanced Energy Storage Research Section
(d)Complex Plasma System Research Section
(e) Clean Energy Research Section (domestic visiting
professor and associate professor)
Ⅲ . ADVANCED ENERGY UTILIZATION
DIVISION
(study processes for high performance energy
utilization)
(a) Chemical Reaction Complex Processes Research
Section
(b)Molecular Assemblies Design Research Section
(c) Advanced Functional Materials Research Section
(d)Bioenergetics Research Section
IV. LABORATORY FOR COMPLEX ENERGY
PROCESSES
(promote equipment designing, software development,
and collaboration with domestic and foreign institutions
for high quality energy processes, including generation,
conversion, and utilization)
RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Quantum Radiation Energy Research Section
T. Yamazaki, Professor
H. Ohgaki, Associate Professor
T. Kii, Research Associate
S. Ueda, Research Associate
(Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes)
1. Introduction
The research in this section aims at developing the
technology to generate new quantum-radiation energy
and apply the radiation in various fields
Coherent-radiation energy with wide wavelength
tunability, high power and high efficiency is quite
promising in the next century that is sometimes called
the "era of light". Free-electron laser is one of the
powerful candidates for the new quantum radiation, and
it is sometimes called the light source of next generation.
The fields of application of such radiation are; atomic
energy including plasma heating, energy transportation
in the universe, material science, material synthesis,
electronic device, medical and biological science, etc.
High-energy and high-brightness electron beam is
indispensable for the generation of such radiation.
.
2. Free-Electron Lasers
The accelerators mainly used to generate
free-electron lasers (FELs) in the wavelength region
below 200 mm are linear accelerator (linac) and storage
ring. Preparatory study of linac-based FEL is going on
at our section, and storage-ring based FEL project is
under way at the National Institute of Advanced
Industrial Science and Technology (AIST).
2.1 Linac FEL project
Normal-conducting RF linac is the most popular
accelerator throughout the world. The beam quality is
moderately good and high-energy beam is easily
obtained. A compact linac-based FEL is planned at our
institute with the arrangement shown in Fig.1. The RF
gun can generate high-brightness electron beam. The
serious problem of the backstreaming of electrons in the
decelerating phase may be solved by the use of a hollow
cathode or a photocathode driven by a short-pulsed
laser mode-locked to the linac RF. A compact
staggered-array undulator is under development at our
institute, which may be used for the infrared FEL. The
FEL power will be further amplified by exploiting the
scheme of MOPA (master oscillator and power
amplifier) or coherent spontaneous emission from the
second undulator by the use of micro-bunched electron
beam extracted from the first oscillator. High-brightness
x-ray beam will be generated through collision of the
high-power FEL with the electron beam. The remaining
electron-beam energy will be recovered by the use of a
decelerator.
We have already constructed thermionic RF gun as
an electron beam source, and measured extracted beam
qualities. A study to improve beam quality is one of the
main subjects. On the same time, we have prepared a
klystron modulator, a klystron, an accelerator tube, RF
components, beam-transport components, beam and RF
monitoring devices, and control system under the
financial support from Research Center of Complex
Energy Process.
PZT I
Main
Oscillator
Amplifier
Accelerator
RF Gun
Undulator I
Undulator II
Drive
Laser
Decelerator
PZT II
Matched
Load
Klystron
Singal
Generator
Modulator
Klystron
Matched
Load
Modulator
Trigger
Generator
High-Brightness
X-Ray Beam
High-Power
FEL
Application
Room
Fig.1. Conceptual layout of the linac FEL project.
2.2 Highly brilliant relativistic electron source
RF guns can accelerate electrons with much higher
electric field than electrostatic electron guns widely
used. However, some electrons escape from
accelerating RF phase and stream to the cathode. These
back-streaming electrons heat up the cathode and make
damage on the cathode. Then surface temperature of the
cathode greatly is raised during macro-pulse and thus
the extracted beam current increases and it is impossible
to keep the energy of the electrons constant. It is the
so-called “Back-bombardment problem”. Due to the
problem, long pulse operation is typically restricted up
to about 4 µs.
To solve the problem, it is important to know the
phenomena well. As the first step, we measured the
surface temperature of the cathode with and without a
hole during beam production by the use of an infrared
radiation thermometer, and the average back-streaming
beam power was evaluated with a simple 0-D energy
transporting model. We have evaluated the effect of the
back-streaming electrons using the model systematically.
By using the 0-D model, it was found that the beam
heating is not negligible in high repetition operation of
long pulse operation.
But, to argue the effect of the back-streaming
electrons to the beam quality in the macro pulse,
information from 0-D model were inadequate, because
the electron returns only during short macro pulse;
about few μ sec, then the back-streaming beam power
during macro pulse is quite large and a beam quality
affected by the back-streaming electrons. Thus, the
temperature evolution during the beam macro pulse,
which affects strongly the beam quality, was calculated
with 1-D heat conduction model and results of the 2-D
particle simulation. And the effects of the cathode shape
and external magnetic field were also evaluated.
Fig. 2 shows an experimental arrangement. An
electron beam generated by the RF gun (AET MG-500)
enters a beam-transport system with quadrapole
magnets, a bending magnet, current transformers, beam
profile monitors, and Faraday cups. A thermionic
tungsten cathode of disk shaped with 3 mm radius and 1
mm thickness and a hollow one with a hole of φ1.5 mm
were used as an electron source. The temperature at the
cathode surface was measured with a radiation
thermometer using a single-core quartz fiber; IR-FAS
FL3 manufactured by CHINO. The extracted beam
current was measured by a current transformer at the
exit of the RF gun. The energy spectrum and incident
and reflected RF powers were also measured. These
values were used to estimate the current density at the
cathode surface.
To evaluate a back-bombardment effect quantitatively,
it is important to obtain the temperature profile during a
macropulse. However, a typical thermometer has a
longer response time than the macropulse duration.
Thus, we used a 1-D thermal conduction model (fig. 3).
Cathode
Back plane : c ρ λ V
Heater
Ek [MeV]
Fig. 2. An experimental setup to measure beam properties
4
2
Back-streaming e
-
0
Fig. 3 1-D heat conduction model
In this simple model, the heat conduction along the
beam direction; x is described as
∂T
∂ 2T
cρV
= λ 2 + Qb (x )
(2),
∂τ
∂x
where c is the specific heat, ρ is the density, V is the
volume, λ is the conductivity of the cathode, and Qb(x)
is the heating from the back-streaming electrons as the
function of the position in the cathode. As the boundary
conditions, the heater input power was set to be the
same as the radiated power from cathode surface to
satisfy the energy conservation law.
A typical particle distribution of the back-streaming
electrons in the IAE RF gun given by the 2-D
simulation code KUBLAI is shown in fig. 4. In this case,
input RF power was 4 MW and current density on the
cathode surface was 10 A/cm2.
1
2
3
Distance from center [mm]
Fig. 4. Particle distribution on the cathode of IAE RF
gun.
As shown in fig. 4, most electrons have only a few
100 keV, but the contribution to the total heating power
is less than half. For the stable operation, this
component should be taken into account. Typical beam
heating powers for several groups of electrons were also
calculated and they are listed in table 1.
Table 1. Contribution to the cathode heating from
electron in 3 groups of energy
Slab
Hollow
φ = 1.5mm
Ek: 0~300 keV
0.054 J
0.049 J
Ek: 300 keV~1.5 MeV
0.01 J
0.01 J
Ek: 1.5 MeV~
0.07 J
0.04 J
Total Power (all electros)
0.136 J
0.103 J
As shown in fig. 4 and table 1, concentration ratio of
electrons to the central region of the cathode for the
high-energy component is higher than that of the low
energy component. Thus the hollow cathode seems to
be effective to reduce the effect from the high-energy
Surface temperature [K]
1395
Slab cathode (without external B)
Slab cathode (with external B)
Hollow cathode (without external B)
Hollow cathode (with external B)
1390
1385
1380 -9
10
10-6
10-3
100
Time [sec]
Fig. 5 Evolutions of surface temperature during 1
second
1395
Surface temperature [K]
component. Due to a low statistics of the results of the
simulation, returned power from the high-energy
component has about 20% ambiguity. But the reduction
ratio of the effect of the high-energy components will
be affected very little by this error.
By using these parameters, the time evolutions of the
surface temperature of slab and hollow cathode were
calculated. Although, a deposited power should be
calculated for each electron, it is important to evaluate
contributions of electrons with low and high energy.
Thus, on calculating the beam heating in the cathode,
heated area were assumed as below; low energy
component (Ek<300keV) deposits the energy only near
the surface (surface - 0.1mm), middle energy
component (300keV<Ek<1.5MeV) deposits the energy
in the half of the cathode (surface - 0.5mm), high
energy component (Ek>1.5MeV) deposits the energy in
whole cathode (surface - 1mm). Because of technical
difficulties, a hoe could not made on the back plane of
the cathode. Thus, the beam power of the electrons
passing through the hole was added in the back plane of
the cathode to evaluate the surface temperature of
hollow cathode. External magnetic field was simulated
by omitting the low energy component. The results are
shown in figs 5, 6.
Slab cathode (without external B)
Slab cathode (with external B)
Hollow cathode (without external B)
Hollow cathode (with external B)
1390
1385
1380
0
1
2
3
4
5
Time [μsec]
Fig. 6 Evolutions of surface temperature during 5 μsec
Because the low energy electrons stop close to the
cathode surface, the effect to the cathode temperature is
quite large. As shown in fig.5 and 6, temperature rise
will be reduced about 90 % by applying transverse
magnetic field. On the other hand, it is difficult to
reduce the effect from the high-energy component. But
the high-energy component tend to converge to the
center of the cathode, thus the use of the hollow cathode
will help to reduce the heatup effect. In this case, the
reduction ratio of the high-energy component is about
30 %, and that of the low-energy component is at about
10%, thus the use of the hollow cathode is not so
effective without magnetic field. But when the magnetic
field is applied, the main contribution to the cathode
temperature is high-energy component, and then the use
of the hollow cathode will be important.
It is found that the back-streaming electrons make
serious effects to the electron beam quality. But it can
be reduced greatly by the combination of hollow
cathode and magnetic field. The effects of these
techniques should be checked by further experiments.
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Atomic Energy Research Section
Y. Yamamoto, Associate Professor
Y. Takeuchi, Research Associate
1. Introduction
The research field of advanced atomic energy
research section covers wide areas of science and
engineering based on plasma physics, atomic physics,
and nuclear physics. Presently, following topics are
studied in this research section:
(1) Study of the compact neutron source using
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (IECF),
(2) Analysis of discharge characteristics of the
spherical IECF device using a particle code with
Monte Carlo collision scheme,
(3) Study of the controlled extraction of charged
particles from the helical device,
(4) Analysis of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation
(PIII) using the modified OOPIC code.
The activity of the advanced atomic energy research
section started substantially October 1996, after a new
staff joined to the section. However, the absolute
number of research staffs and graduate course students
is still not enough to carry out the experimental research.
Joint research with the stuff of the University of Tokyo,
industrial research institute, and the other sections of the
institute has been making up this difficulty.
2.1 Study of the compact neutron source using
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (IECF)
An IECF is a device injecting ions and electrons
towards the spherical center, trapping both species in
the electrostatic self-field and giving rise to fusion
reactions in the dense core. An IECF may be a portable
neutron generator as intermediate products along the
path to fusion power. The cylindrical IECF device is a
system, which takes the core cylindrical area from
spherical device.
These IECF studies are collaborative works with
advanced particle beam energy research section, and
following two areas are mainly studied in our section,
i.e.: (1) an cylindrical device, and (2) a small ECR ion
source for reducing the IECF operation gas pressures.
3-years ago, we have started to develop a simulation
code based on the 2-D charged particle analysis code
KUAD2 and have investigated effect of beam
convergence on the fusion reaction rate, and showed
that it strongly affects the performance. As effect of
electrode shapes was clearly seen in the simulation, we
concluded that it could be used for verification of
simulations.
Up to last fiscal year, we investigate these effects
by experiments. From the result of primary experiment,
we have concluded the shape of electrodes as follow.
The cylindrical type cathode has a diameter of 80-mm
and length of 100-mm. The dish type anode has 80-mm
diameter and 350-mm spherical surface and 40-mm
cylindrical ring. Both electrodes are made of stainless
steel and are held by ceramic insulator.
In this fiscal year, therefore, we try to improve the
neutron production rate with such electrodes. There is
strong dependence between gas pressure and discharge
voltage. In order to reduce the gas pressure, we
introduce ECR plasma source. Fig.2 shows the
overview of the experimental device. A cylindrical
vacuum chamber has an inner diameter of 100-mm and
length of 670-mm. During the experiments, deuterium
gas is introduced through mass flow controller and
typical operation pressure is 2-3 Pa.
For discharges, we use a stabilized DC power
supply (0~50kV, 0~44mA). To measure produced
neutrons we use a helium-3 neutron detector and a
multi-channel analyzer.
The experimental results are shown in Fig.2~4.
From these figures it is found that
(1) When discharge current increases, the discharge
voltage also increases(Fig.2).
(2) Therefore, the discharge is considered to be the
abnormal glow.
Fig.1 Schematic view of the experiment setup
40
30
20
10
0
0
1.8 Pa
2.0 Pa
10
20
30
40
Discharge Current (mA)
50
Normalized Neutron Counts
Discharge Voltage (kV)
50
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
Cylindrical IECF (30 kV,10 mA)
Cylindrical IECF
with plasma source (30 kV,10 mA)
252
Cf
0.2
0.0
0
45
90
135
180
Azimuthal angle (degree)
Fig.2 Dependence of discharge voltage on current
Fig.4 Distribution of neutrons
5
Pressure (Pa)
4
3
2
1
0
0
Fig.3
I = 6 mA
Without ECR
With ECR
10
20
30
40
Discharge Voltage (kV)
50
Effect of ECR ion source on the reduction of the
gas pressure
(3) We succeed to reduce the gas pressure with ECR
plasma source. At same condition (20kV, 6mA), it’s
cut down by half (fig.3).
(4) Maximum neutron production rate of ~5.3×105
neutrons per second is obtained with 47.5kV, 15mA,
1.21Pa discharge.
(5) Effect of ECR plasma source is clearly observed in
the experiments.
(6) Directional distribution measurements show that the
cylindrical IECF neutron source has a different
characteristics compared with 252Cf source(Fig.4).
Together with improvement of experimental setups, we
are looking for cases where more distinctive result
could be obtained using simulation code. Next fiscal
year, we plan to add an ECR ion source to the setups for
future reduction operating pressure. To match
experimental conditions with simulation for more close
comparison of them are underway.
2.3 Analysis of discharge characteristics of the
spherical IECF device using a particle code with
Monte Carlo collision scheme.
In this study, we tried to analyze discharge
characteristics and studied the mechanism of a
self-maintaining discharge using 1-D particle code.
In our previous works, we made and used a 1-D
particle code which does not include atomic processes
and only deals with inside the cathode. But the
Fig. 5: Cathode model
operation pressure of the devices is ~1Pa and mean free
path of charge exchange cross-section becomes less
than the device size. Therfore, we decided to develop a
new code based on PDS-1 (Plasma Device code at
Spherical bounding electrodes), which was developed
by Plasma theory and Simulation Group at UCB. The
PDS1 code includes particle in cell method and
Monte-Carlo scheme that can allow for collisions
(MCC) between the charged particles (electrons and
ions) and the background neutrals.
To apply the PDS1 code to IECF analysis, we made
several modifications as followings.
(a) Energy dependent transparency model of the
cathode
In previous works, the cathode transparency is
considered to be constant for all ions and electrons, and
it is found that the low energy ions are trapped in the
cathode potential well, and make large densities around
the cathode, which is not realistic. So we introduced
energy depended transparency model shown in Fig.5
assuming that cathode grid opening is circular and that
charge distributes at a uniform density.
(b) Atomic and molecular processes included in this
code
In addition to atomic processes of ion and electron
impact, that of energetic neutrals is included in the code,
because we thought that the energetic neutral particles,
not electrons, might contribute to a self- maintaining
discharge. Also we included dissociation collision to
change an operating gas to D2.
Using this code, we simulated discharges with
constant current control and obtained following results,
(a) By including the energy dependent transparency
model, the calculation shows realistic ion
distributions results.
(b) D2+ do not circulate in the chamber, because the
mean free path of D2+ is less than the device size
in this study.
(c) Electron impact ionization hardly occurs outside
the cathode, it is not enough to maintain the
discharge (Fig. 6),
(d) D20 impact re-ionization supplies much more D2+.
From these results, we consider that D2+ impact
charge-exchange and D20 impact re-ionization cycle
plays the most important role in the self-maintaining
discharge mechanism.
Fig. 6: Distribution of electron impact ionization
2.3 Study of the controlled extraction of charged
particles from the helical device
Fig. 7: coils layout
The purpose of this study is extraction of charged
particles from the outside of the magnetic surface to the
out of a helical device. One of the advantages of
extracting charged particles from the helical device is
that it is possible to use the helical device as a large
current electron source by generating runaway
electrons intentionally. And, by extracting the charged
particle from the device, it is possible to set up divertor
outside of the device, and maintenance becomes easier.
To extract such charged particles, coils other than
the helical coils and the vertical coils are required. It
already studied that extraction of charged particles is
possible without influence on the magnetic surface
when set up these additional coils all around the device.
Therefore, we researched the influence of the
extraction coils on the magnetic field when set up
partly. And, we researched the extraction of 10keV
electrons which drift velocity is the maximum for
making electron source which can supply up to 10keV
electrons.
Fig. 7 is bird's eye view when set up the coils partly.
We calculated about a model, the helical coils' major
radius R, minor radius a and helical winding pitch m
are R=500mm, a=50mm and m=12, respectively, and
contains 2 coils. Fig. 8 shows the other coils'
arrangement on the r-z plane in cylindrical coordinate
(r,φ, z).
Fig. 8: coil’s arrangement
In this study, we investigated three cases; one case
with extraction coils set up all around troidal direction
and other cases with extraction coils set up partly,
TYPE I, TYPE II. The first case and TYPE I has same
combination about l, z1 and z2 in Fig.8, and TYPE II
improve TYPE I to suppress the influence on the
confinement area of extraction coils. Table 1 shows the
combination about l, z1 and z2.
If the extraction coils set up all around, the edges of
coil A and A' aren't connected, and the other edges
aren't either. When extraction coils set up partly, the
coils exist from -15 degrees to 15 degrees on φ
direction in cylindrical coordinate.
From the result of calculation, we found that there
are three methods to suppress the influence of
extraction coils;
(1)enlargement l (2)enlargement z1 (3)decreasing the
difference of z1 and z2. The method(1) and (2) make the
influence of the extraction coils smaller by the longer
distance from the magnetic surface. The method(3)
makes coil C and C' to cancel each other magnetic
Table 1: combination about l, z1 and z2
l
Z1
Z2
TYPE I coils
40mm
20mm
90mm
TYPE II coils
60mm
30mm
80mm
forces by being nearer. The extraction coils of TYPE II
are improved on TYPE I with the three methods. With
TYPE II coils, the radius of the magnetic surface is
twice of the one with TYPE I coils.
But, the methods may decrease the power of the
extraction charged particles. So we investigated the
orbit of 10keV electrons from various initial points
near the outside of confinement area to the outside of
the device or the wall of the vacuum vessel. And we
also investigated the orbit of the inside of the
confinement area. Table 2 shows the results.
Table 2: The orbit of 10keV electrons
maximum
ratio of extracted
average
electrons
radius
set
up
round
TYPE I
all
100%
14.0mm
83%
1 73
The TYPE I extraction coils shows that it can extract
electrons as well as with the extraction coils set up all
around the device. But it causes a disturbance to the
magnetic field and makes the magnetic surface and the
confinement area very small.
On the other hand, with the TYPE II extraction coils,
the influence on the confinement area is smaller than
the one of TYPE I, and the magnetic surface and the
confinement area are more larger. But, the power of the
extraction decreased. So, it is need that new methods
suppress the influence on the confinement area and
don't decrease the power of the extraction charged
particles.
2.4 Analysis of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation
(PIII) using the modified OOPIC code.
PIII (Figure 8) is the method where ions are
accelerated toward the target by the electric field of the
sheath formed around the target by putting the target in
plasma and applying high voltage pulse to the target.
Compared with conventional ion implantation method
which uses ion sources, ions can be driven to surface of
the complex shape target, for instance, to the inner
surface of a cylinder. Therefore, this method is thought
next generation's ion implantation technology.
To estimate required plasma density and the shape of
high voltage pulse, we started numerical simulations
using a particle-in-cell code, and evaluate spatial
distribution and time-development of implanted ions
along the target surface.
Figure 10 shows the potential distribution in 50ns
and 200ns after impression 50-kV voltage pulse with
the risetime of 670ns for the cylinder shape target of
7.6cm inside diameter and 10cm length (Fig.9) put in
109cm-3 Ne plasma. From the figure, it is clearly seen
that the sheath already extends outside the cylinder at
the 200-ns.
So far, we obtained the following results,
・ By using 1×1017m−3 density plasma, the thickness of
the matrix sheath becomes 1cm or less, and a
uniform matrix sheath can form including inner
surface of cylinder at applied pulse voltage of
V0=−50kV.
・ When the density of plasma is low, even at the
sheath formation stage, the matrix-sheath extends
outside a cylinder.
From these results, we conclude the ion implantation to
the inner surface of the cylinder is possible by an
increase of the plasma density.
Fig9 target
(a) 50ns
(b) 200ns
Fig.10 Potential distribution
Fig.8: Outline fig. of PIII device
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Particle Beam Energy Research Section
K. Yoshikawa, Professor
K. Nagasaki, Associate Professor
K. Masuda, Research Associate
H. Toku, Research Associate
(Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes)
1. Introduction
Intensive investigations of inertial-electrostatic
compact fusion, free electron lasers, direct energy
conversion, electron cyclotron heating system, and
advanced fusion are being made. Among them, studies
of space-charge dominant interactions between
energetic charged particles and electromagnetic fields
are particularly emphasized.
A beam-beam colliding fusion called IECF (Inertial
Electrostatic Confinement Fusion) is being studied both
experimentally and theoretically for compact neutron
generators and/or future advanced neutron-free D-3He
fusions. Recent introduction of ND:YAG pumped Dye
laser for the laser-induced fluorescence method by the
support of JAERI successfully revealed highly
localized electric field distribution for the first time,
and it has put an end to the 30 years debate on the
existence of the potential well.. Also microwave
electron guns are being studied for highly brilliant
electron beam production, which is essential for
significant improvement of free electron lasers
performance
characteristics
such
as
shorter
wavelengths, narrower bandwidths, and so on.
Computer simulations are extensively applied to all
phases.
The educational function specializes in energy
conversion, electrical engineering, and nuclear
engineering in the graduate school.
Main research subjects are now strongly focused on
the followings: beam-beam colliding fusion (IECF),
free electron laser, highly brilliant electron beam by RF
guns, spherical plasma generation and applications, and
new electron cyclotron heating scenario.
2. Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (IECF)
Potential well profiles in an IECF device play a key
and essential role in the beam-beam colliding fusion,
which is the major mechanism of the IECF devices. At
present, D-D fusion neutrons, and D-3He protons of
both tens of millions/sec are successfully produced
continuously at University of Wisconsin.
In order to improve fusion reaction rates more
drastically, we need to make clear the mechanism of
potential well formation, which has been the central
research issue for more than 30 years both in theory and
experiments. Actually, many theoretical results so far
predicted strongly localized potential well formation,
and actually for the past 30 years, many experiments
were dedicated to clarify this mechanism using, such as,
electron beam reflection method, spatially collimated
neutrons or proton profile measurements, or an emissive
probe, but, neither seems to be perfectly conclusive in
convincing that well does form, until the successful
measurement of the double-well potential for the
center-spot mode by the laser-induced fluorescence
(LIF) method using Stark effects at Kyoto University.
From the viewpoint of fusion reactions, since the
star-mode discharge (high-voltage mode) far exceeds
the center-spot mode (low-voltage mode), we tried to
measure the potential profiles in the star-mode by the
same LIF method.
For application of the LIF method, however, since
the star-mode discharge appears for relatively high
voltage of the IEC device, it is predicted that the
beam-induced electric fields inside the hollow cathode
would be small due to smaller beam perveances
compared with the center-spot mode. This calls for the
LIF transition with more electric field-sensitive
capability.
To meet this requirement, we have chosen transition
of HeI n = 4 (21S to 41D; 0.05-0.5 kV/cm) instead of the
previous n = 3 (21S to 41D; 0.5-5kV/cm), the former
being expected to be almost by one order sensitive to
the electric fields.
To examine the applicability of n = 4 transition, we
applied this LIF method to the well-known U-shaped
cathode consisting of two identical round disks with an
aperture of 10 mm as is shown in Fig. 1. Figure 2 shows
the measured electric potential profile. The voltage
between the center (z = 0) and the cathode surface (z =
± 5 mm) is found to be 175 ± 25 V, which is in good
agreement with the applied voltage of 200 V.
50 V
He: 0.2kV, 5.0mA, 132Pa
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
z [ mm ]
Figure 2. Electric potential profile along z-axis within
the U-shaped hollow cathode (0.2 kV, 5.0 mA, 132 Pa).
We previously used a guard ceramics as seen in Fig.
3, which was designed for minimizing asymmetry in the
electric field, which is induced by the feedthrough of
the cathode. It is found, however, to limit the cathode
voltage up to around 25 kV for a helium discharge due
to breakdowns by ion charge-up on the ceramics
surface.
To operate the star-mode discharge with a higher
voltage applied, we have removed the guard ceramics
from the feedthrough. Without the guard ceramics, it is
found that much higher voltages up to 60 kV can be
applied without serious breakdown. As a result, the
star-mode discharge with a helium gas was observed for
33.5 kV, 40m A, 2.1 Pa as is shown in Fig. 4(a),
together with a photo of a center-stop mode for 5.4 kV,
40 mA, 5.3 Pa in Fig. 4(b) for comparison.
(a) Star mode.
(b) Center-spot mode.
Figure 4. Photos of the two different discharge modes
within the spherical hollow cathode.
The LIF diagnostics were then applied to the both
modes shown in Fig. 4. In the star-mode discharge, no
clear electric fields can be identified within errors due
to much lower LIF intensities than in the
center-spot-mode discharge as seen in Fig. 5.
Since, among the four LIF intensities shwon in the
figure, Iy (eLx) and Iy (eLz) do not depend on the electric
field strength, lower Iy (eLx) and Iy (eLz) indicate
definitely a lower density of metastable helium atoms at
the 21S state in the central region in the star-mode
discharge. From Figs. 5(a) and (b), Iy (eLx) and Iy (eLz) in
the star-mode discharge are found to be approximately
one-tenth of those in the center-spot mode, while the
gas pressure, i.e. the density of helium atoms, is
two-fifths. These facts strongly indicate that the fraction
of 21S (approx. 20.6 eV above the ground level) state
atoms in the star-mode discharge is much smaller due to
less fraction of energetic electrons sufficient to excite
atoms to the 21S state, because of negligible space
charge-induced potential well.
1.5
photomultiprier signal [ mV ]
Potantial [ V ]
Figure 1. The U-shaped hollow cathode for verification
of the LIF diagnostics using n = 4 transition.
Iz(eLz)
Iy(eLz)
1.0
Iy(eLx)
0.5
0.0
Iz(eLx)
0
20
40
60
80
100
t [ nsec ]
(a) star mode (33.5 kV, 40 mA, and 2.1 Pa).
photomultiprier signal [ mV ]
8.0
Iy(eLx)
Iy(eLz)
6.0
Iz(eLz)
4.0
2.0
Iz(eLx)
0.0
0
Figure 3. A spherical hollow cathode held by a guard
ceramics in the center of a vacuum chamber.
20
40
60
80
t [ nsec ]
100
120
140
(b) center-spot mode (5.4 kV, 40 mA, and 5.3 Pa).
Figure 5. Time evolutions of LIF intensities
3. Electron Bernstein Heating in Heliotron
Configurations
Plasma production and heating using 53.2GHz
electron cyclotron waves have been performed in a
medium sized helical-axis heliotron device, Heliotron J.
An effective electron cyclotron heating has been
observed when no resonant layer for electromagnetic
waves exists in the core region. The obtained stored
energy is comparable with that in the conventional
second harmonic ECH. This heating cannot be
explained by the conventional electromagnetic wave
heating, because the second harmonic resonance layer
for the 53.2 GHz ECH is outside the LCFS, and the
fundamental one is located only at the edge region,
r/a>0.8, even at the maximum magnetic field. The
averaged electron density measured with a microwave
interferometer reaches 3.8×1019m-3 without radiation
collapse. This value exceeds the cut-off density of the
second harmonic X-mode, 1.75×1019m-3, and that of the
fundamental O-mode, 3.5×1019m-3.
Shown in Fig. 6 is a radial profile of the second
harmonic ECE intensity in the core region. As the
magnetic field exceeds B=1.32 T, the central Te rises up,
and its profile becomes peaked. No time delay of the
ECE signals after turning off the 53.2 GHz ECH power
has been observed. Although the absolute Te profile is
not measured yet in the experiment, the relative power
absorption profile is estimated from Te/τdecay just after
the ECH turn-off. Here τdecay is the ECE decay time
measured during 1 msec just after the ECH turn-off.
This relative power absorption profile is not localized
but broad in the measurement region. These indicate
that the ECH power may be absorbed directly in the
core region or transported from the edge resonance
through non-diffusion process.
400
#4074-4084 Standard Configuration
B=1.40T
B=1.37T
B=1.34T
B=1.32T
B=1.29T
350
19
80
LHD f=84GHz, ne(0)=14.0x10 m-3, B(0)=2.6T, Te(0)=500eV
4.0
250
60
3.0
40
200
2.0
O-mode cut-off
20
yp (cm)
Trad (a.u.)
300
heating is an X-electrostatic Bernstein (B) mode
conversion process. The fundamental resonance exists
within the LCFS when the magnetic field is larger than
1.29 T. The slow X-mode, which may be generated by
the reflection of unabsorbed waves at the chamber wall,
can propagate into the plasma across the fundamental
resonance layer, and then reaches the upper hybrid
resonance (UHR) layer. Around the UHR layer, the
perpendicular component of the refractive index rapidly
increases, resulting that the phase velocity of the waves
slows down. As the phase velocity gets close to the
electron thermal velocity, kinetic effects are so
substantial that the X-mode is not absorbed but is
converted into the electrostatic B-mode. The optical
depth of this converted B-mode is so large even in low
Te (∼10 eV) that the B-mode can fully be absorbed
unless it encounters the UHR layer again and is
converted back to the X-mode.
A ray tracing code of O-X-B and X-B conversion
heating has been developed for heliotron configurations
such as LHD and CHS devices. The three-dimensional
magnetic field structure is taken into account to trace
the ray and calculate the power absorption profile. Since
the magnetic shear is strong and the poloidal field is
comparable with the toroidal one in conventional
heliotron configurations, the launching angle should be
adjusted both toroidally and poloidally for optimum
O-X conversion. Figure 7 shows an example of the ray
trajectory of O-X-B mode conversion heating in an
LHD configuration. In the O-X-B heating case, the
deposition condition is strongly Doppler-shifted
because of the high parallel refractive index caused by
the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field. However, it
can be controlled by changing the magnetic field
strength, and the dependence on the electron density
and temperature is weak. The slow X-B heating is also
possible by launching the X-mode from the vacuum
chamber port located at the low field side. The
accessible window in launching angles is rather wide,
and the power absorption can be controlled from
on-axis to off-axis.
150
0
UHR
-20
100
50
0
-0.4
-60
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
r/a
Figure 6. Second harmonic ECE profiles in
non-electromagnetic heating on Heliotron J
One possible explanation for this effective core
R cut-off
3.0
-40
2.0
-80
-100 -80
4.0
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
xp (cm)
Figure 7. Example of ray trajectory of O-X-B mode
conversion heating in LHD. configuration.
In order to confirm the above hypothesis, a 3D
time-dependent FEL oscillator code including the
competition of the longitudinal modes were developed,
and the observed cavity detuning curve were well
reproduced by our simulation, as follows.
Simulation was performed with the typically
measured parameters. The peak current I with a
bell-shape is supposed to be I = 150 A. The calculated
spectrum is plotted as solid-squares in Fig. 8. The FEL
efficiency as a function of the cavity detuning length is
shown in Fig. 9. The maximum efficiency of over 7 %
is found at perfect synchronism. Simulation was also
made with a less dimensionless current of I = 50 A, the
numerical results are shown in the corresponding
figures as open-triangles. As shown in figures, no
existence of the sideband signals on longer wavelength
side is found; the peak of the efficiency is decreased
and also shifted. These numerical results are found to
show good agreements with the experimental results.
Normalized Intensity (a.u.)
0.025
I = 150A, δL = 0 ;
I = 50A, δ L=2.0μm
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Frequency (THz)
Figure 8. Spectra with different currents I’s; spectrum
for I = 150A at δL=0 μm (solid-squares), and spectrum
for I = 50 A at δL=2 μm (open-triangles).
8
7
Efficiency (%)
4. Free Electron Laser (FEL)
FEL as a high-power and wavelength-tunable
coherent light source is on the way to various
applications, and there have been broad interests in
investigating its lasing dynamics. In FEL oscillators,
careful synchronization of the optical and electron
pulses is required to reach laser oscillation. This is
achieved by matching the optical round trip time to the
electron micro-bunch period. Usually it is necessary to
slightly advance the optical pulse each round trip to
maintain the gain per pass and to counteract the lethargy
effect, which is realized by reducing the cavity length
from perfect synchronism by a distance δL, i.e. cavity
detuning. An analytical study reproduced the measured
cavity detuning curve and showed that the maximum
efficiency is located around δL = −0.1λ , where λ is the
FEL wavelength. At perfect synchronism of a low gain,
short pulse FEL oscillator, the optical pulse centroid is
retarded on successive passes during the small signal
growth region due to the laser and electrons move with
different velocities. Only a transient state, therefore,
exists at perfect synchronism. This transient evolution
of the optical pulses at perfect synchronism has been
supported by numerical and experimental researches.
However, a series of FEL oscillator experiments
were conducted recently in Japan Atomic Energy
Research Institute (JAERI) with a super-conducting RF
Linac FEL facility, and high extraction efficiency over
5 % was demonstrated at perfect synchronism. It was
confirmed through the series FEL experiments that; (1)
the peak of the detuning curve is very steep at perfect
synchronism and the FEL efficiency is maximum there,
(2) with a less dimensionless current, the transient
evolution of the optical pulse reappeared at perfect
synchronism.
In order to explain these experimental results, we
suppose that the sideband instability occurs in this short
pulse FEL with μc < 1, where μ c = Ls / σ z is a
measure of the slippage between the laser of a
wavelength λ and the electron micro-bunch of length σz
in terms of the slippage length Ls = Nu λ, where Nu is
the undulator period. It is well known that the sideband
instability can be reached when threshold condition Lsyn
≤ Ls is satisfied, where Lsyn is the slippage distance
within a synchrotron wavelength. The very large ratio
of the small signal gain to losses and high
dimensionless current in JAERI-FEL experiments make
Lsyn ≤ Ls satisfied. Therefore, the sideband signals
would contribute the high power and efficiency at
perfect synchronism, and, however, this contribution
would be restrained by cavity detuning, which would
produce the measured cavity detuning curve peaked at
perfect synchronism. When, on the other hand, the
sideband threshold condition cannot be satisfied at a
smaller dimensionless current, the peak of the cavity
detuning curve would shift to the optimum detuning
length.
I = 1 50A
I = 50A
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
Cavity detuning (μm)
Figure 9. FEL efficiencies as functions of detuning
length. Solid squares shows the efficiency for I =150 A,
while open-triangles for I = 50 A.
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Plasma Energy Research Section
T. Obiki, Professor
T. Mizuuchi, Associate Professor
1. Introduction
The major subjects of this research section are to
study the properties of the high temperature plasma in
order to control and improve the plasma energy confinement from the physical viewpoint of nuclear fusion
research. The experimental and theoretical researches
on Heliotron J are in progress under the collaboration
with other groups. Beside the studies described here, we
are performing basic experiments on other plasma
diagnostics and plasma control methods.
By introduction of a new 70GHz ECH system and
several diagnostics, ECH plasma production and heating
studies have progressed. No significant degradation of
the ¯ne–Te relation was observed even in the ν* << 0.1
regime. The energy confinement time was comparable
to the ISS95-value. The configuration effects of plasma
confinement were observed. The experimental understanding of the SOL/divertor region is increasing. This
paper describes the details of the 70GHz ECH system
and some of the results obtained in the experimental
campaign of Heliotron J performed in FY2001.
2. ECH Experiments in Heliotron J
ECH plasma production and heating studies have
been continued using 53.2GHz and 70GHz systems.
The former system consists of three gyrotrons (nonfocusing TE02-modes, the pulse width: Δt ≈ 50ms, the
total injected power: Pin ≈ 0.4MW, two oblique injection
launchers located at φ ≈ 129° and perpendicular injection one at φ ≈ 203°). The 70GHz system was newly
installed (Pin ≈ 0.4MW, Δt ≈ 200ms). The heating and
diagnostics setup is shown in Fig. 1.
2.1. 70 GHz ECH System
A new electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH)
system has been constructed in order to realize a localized heating experiment in Heliotron J. The main purposes of this experiment are (1) to control the plasma
profile, (2) to study the particle and heat transport and
(3) to study the possibility of electron cyclotron current
drive (ECCD) and of electron Bernstein wave (EBW)
heating in a helical-axis heliotron configuration.
This ECH system consists of a 70GHz gyrotron, a
matching optics unit (MOU) for correction of the beam
shape, a transmission line including 20m-long corrugated waveguide for the HE11-mode, three miter bends
(two polarizers), a barrier window and a launching system. The performance of the polarizers and the launching system has been examined in a low power test. The
radius of the injected beam is ≈ 22mm in 1/e2-folding
power at the distance corresponding to the magnetic
axis position in the perpendicular injection (Fig. 2). This
size is small enough compared to the averaged minor
plasma radius, ≈ 170mm. In the launching system, the
final flat mirror is used as a steering mirror to change
the injection direction, ±15° and ±25° in the toroidal
and poloidal directions (r/a ≥0.7), respectively (Fig. 3).
70
quasi-optical theory
experimental results
Focusing Mirror
Barrier Window
50
Steering Plane Mirror
Magnetic axis for
perpendicular injection
40
30
20
2
1/e power radius [mm]
60
10
0
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
Distance from wavegaide exit [mm]
Fig. 1 Experimental setup for the ECH experiment
Fig. 2 Beam radius, as a function of the distance from
the waveguide exit.
The maximum gyrotron output power is ≈ 0.5MW after
the MOU, and the transmission efficiency after the
MOU to the waveguide exit is 92%.
The ECH power absorption is evaluated by a ray
tracing code, “TRECE.” This code is originally developed for the TJ-II device (CIEMAT, Spain) and applied
to Heliotron J under the collaboration with the TJ-II
group. The three dimensional magnetic field and flux
surfaces are taken into account to calculate the ray trajectory and the power absorption profile. One example
of the power deposition profile for a Heliotron J shot
calculated by this code is shown in Fig. 4. The dependence on the injection angle, magnetic field and plasma
parameters can be investigated by this code.
(a)
(b)
Fig. 5 Tangential (a) and perpendicular (b) images of
a 70GHz ECH plasma in the start-up phase.
(a)
Last Closed Flux Surface
Steering Plane mirror
Focusing Mirror
Boron Nitride Barrier Window
(b)
nel
Corrugated Waveguide
for HE11 mode
ECH
Fig. 3 A schematic of the 70GHz ECH
launching system.
Fig. 4 Power deposition profile calculated by
TRACE for ne = 2.1×1019 m-3, Te = 290 eV,
PECH = 380 kW (ϕ=11°, θ=-6.2°)
Fig. 6 (a) A streak image of the Hα emission. (b)
A time trace of the line integrated electron density.
Comparing with the numerically calculated magnetic
field lines, it is confirmed that these stripes are running
along the field lines and that the top and the bottom
stripes in Fig. 5(b) are along the field lines on the same
magnetic surface. When the field strength was changed,
the positions of the stripes changed as shown in Fig. 6,
where the distance between the top and the bottom
stripes are plotted against the relative strength of the
confinement field. Since the mod-B structure near the
injection port is tokamak-like, the increase (decrease) of
the field strength shifts the electron cyclotron resonance
line outward (inward) and then the resonance line and
the ECH beam are crossed on an outer magnetic surface
2.2. “Snakes” in Plasma Start-up Phase
In the previous 53.2GHz ECH experiment, bright
stripes like “snakes” were observed near the magnetic
axis only in the plasma start-up phase for the confinement field strength of ωce/ω < 0.5, where ωce and ω are
the electron cyclotron frequency and the injected microwave frequency, respectively (T. Obiki, et al., Nucl
Fusion 41 (2001) 833.). In the 70GHz ECH experiment,
the similar phenomena were also observed in the plasma
start-up phase (Fig. 5). Figure 6(a) shows a streak image
of the Hα emission taken by the perpendicular fast
CCD-camera (see Fig. 1). The “snake” stripes disappeared at t = 195ms in this shot and the emission area
expand to the LCFS.
Distance between the stripes
Size of the “resonance”
magnetic surface
Fig. 7 Dependence of the distance between the
stripes and the magnetic field strength. The size of
the “resonance” magnetic surface is also plotted.
(resonance magnetic surface). The size of such resonance magnetic surfaces estimated from the field calculation is also plotted in Fig. 6, where the finite size of
the injection beam is taken into account. As shown in
the figure, the both show almost the same dependence
on the field strength but the magnetic fields strength is
different where the each size becomes minimum. Besides of the setting error of the field strength and/or the
microwave injection angle, a possibility of drift effects
should be investigated.
The mechanism of the observed “snakes” is not clear
and more detailed investigations are necessary.
2.3. Density Range Obtainable by 53.2GHz or
70GHz ECH
According to the DKES-calculation for the Heliotron J standard (STD) configuration, the neoclassical
diffusion coefficient in the low-ν* regime is expected to
be comparable to that of the equivalent tokamak, where
ν* = ν/(ve/πR0q) (M. Wakatani et al., Nucl. Fusion 40
(2000) 569). On the other hand, in general, the plasma β
was increased as an increase in the line averaged electron density n¯e. For 53.2GHz or 70GHz ECH, the obtainable density range was examined by using the gas
puff control in the STD configuration.
After the wall conditioning (Ti-getter), low-density
plasmas of ¯ne ≤ 0.2×1019m−3 have been produced for
the both ECH. The electron temperatures measured by
the SX absorber foil method reached TeSX ≈ 1keV, indicating the production of the collisionless plasmas of ν*
<< 0.1 in the core region. The density dependence of Te
seems to be constant from the region of ν* ≈ 0.1 of the
region of ν* < 0.01 as shown in Fig. 8, suggesting no
significant degradation of the confinement even in the
ν* << 0.1 regime.
On the other hand, in the second harmonic ECH case,
it is possible to increase n¯e up to the near cut-off density for the second harmonic X- mode (1.8/3.0×1019 m−3
for 53.2/70GHz) without severe radiation collapse. In
the high field 53.2GHz ECH mode, where neither fundamental nor second harmonic resonance layers for
electromagnetic waves exist in the core region, n¯e
could be increased up to 3.8×1019m−3, which exceeds
the cut-off density for the fundamental O-mode (3.5×
1019 m−3).
2.4. Characteristics of the divertor plasma
The divertor plasma profiles measured with the divertor probe arrays (DPAs) are basically consistent with
the expectation from the numerically calculated edge
field structure. For the 53.2GHz ECH plasmas, however,
it was observed some ‘up-down’ asymmetries in the
ion-saturation current Is profile and the floating potential
Vf profile on the two (top and bottom) DPAs. These
differences in those profiles between the top- and the
bottom-arrays were reversed when the direction of the
confinement field was changed.
Since the configuration of the Heliotron J has a relatively large bumpy component, the position of the heating source might affect the symmetric profile of the divertor plasmas. The introduction of 70GHz system,
which injected the microwaves from almost the opposite
position on the torus, gave a good chance to check this
point. The profiles of Is and Vf were checked for 70GHz
ECH plasmas and showed the same asymmetry as that
in 53.2GHz ECH plasmas, indicating no significant effect of the heating source position on this kind of
asymmetry. On the other hand, Taking account the directional dependence of the magnetic field, the drift of
charged particles will cause such up-down asymmetry
of the divertor plasma profile.
Although it is necessary to consider the plasma
transport not only in the edge region but also in the core
region and the resulting plasma distribution on the
LCFS, as the first step of the investigation, the ∇B effect on the particle orbit in the edge region was studied
by using an orbit-guiding center tracing code. This calculation reproduces an asymmetric distribution and its
reversal depending on the field direction. Figure 9
shows one example of the calculation showing the distribution of the ion “footprints” on the DPAs. Here,
10,000 ions with 20 eV energy and random pitch angles
were traced starting at random position on the LCFS
(assuming an uniform plasma distribution). The distribution of the ions on the bottom DPA tends to spread in
the ∇B drift direction wider than that of the top DPA.
This is consistent with the qualitative expectation.
70GHz ECH/1.28T
TeSX (eV)
103
102
(a)
(b)
ν* = 0.01
ν* = 0.1
ν* = 1
1018
ne (m-3)
1019
Fig. 8 The density and the electron temperature
in the low-ν* regime.
Fig. 9 Ions hitting points on the DPA surfaces corresponding to (a) the top DPA, (b) the bottom DPA.
Distribution of footprint of field lines and the positions of probe pin are also shown for comparison.
3. Soft X-ray imaging system
The soft X-ray (SX) imaging technique has become
a very powerful and widely used experimental technique in fusion research to provide much information
about the plasma emissivity, shape, position, impurity
content, transport, and MHD-related phenomena. A
multi-channel photo diode system is under preparation
in Heliotron J.
As shown in Fig. 10, three sets of 20-ch photo diode
arrays are installed in a poloidal section (the straight
section). This system enables us to reconstruct the
2D-image of the SX emission. The spatial resolution on
the equatorial plane for the top and bottom arrays is
11mm in the radial direction and 114 mm in the toroidal
direction corresponding to the toroidal angle of 5.4°.
One more set of the array is installed at the toroidal position 45° apart from the former along the torus (the
corner section) to study the toroidal dependence of the
SX emission. Since this type of detector is sensitive also
to the visible light, a metal foil filter is usually used to
eliminate the visible emission. In our system, two
Be-filters of 5μm, 10μm and no filter options are selectable.
can be controlled.
Figure 11 shows the target system for Heliotron J.
This system is designed as a combination system with a
small test carbon limiter. The limiter head is made of
graphite and has a cannonball shape (90mmφ×62mmH).
This limiter head is installed a long span (450mm) linear transporter. A tiny (~ 4×6 mm2) target, which is
retractable inside the limiter head in order to avoid
surface contamination during the wall conditioning, is
set on this transporter system with another short span
linear transporter and can be pushed out from the limiter
top up to ~40mm. Since the whole system is electrically
floating from the vacuum chamber, it would be possible
to charge a bias voltage to enhance the sputtering in a
low temperature plasma region.
The target material should be selected from several
viewpoints: sputtering characteristics, atomic process
database, easiness of detection, etc. As a tracer impurity
for this first experiment, we used a tiny block of SiC as
a target. Close to the both sides of the target, four
Langmuir probes (two probes par one side) are installed
to measure plasmas coming from parallel and anti- parallel directions. This probe system will also provide
some information on plasma flow along the field line.
This target/limiter system is inserted to the vacuum
chamber from the bottom of Heliotron J. From the opposite port, the target is monitored with a CCD camera
and line spectra radiated from injected neutrals and/or
low-ionization-state ions in the vicinity of the target are
simultaneously monitored with two dimensional imaging spectroscopy. The behavior of higher ionized particles is monitored by measuring spectra radiated from
such ions with a VUV system and/or a SX system at
different toroidal positions.
C.L.
Fig. 10 Schematic view of the SX arrays
4. An injection technique of tracer impurities based
on sputtering from a material target
Small amounts of impurity species, which are artificially injected into plasma, give us a lot of valuable information on the magnetically trapped plasma behavior.
A tracer impurity injection method based on sputtering
from a small target material is proposed. This method
can clearly localize the source position. Langmuir
probes installed near the target can identify the incident
plasma parameters such as ion (electron) density, electron temperature, incident ion energy, etc. Here, target
biasing might be effective to control the incident ion
energy. The multi-directional spectroscopic measurement monitoring the target periphery region can show
information on sputtered particles such as the particle
number, the initial velocity, ionization processes, etc. If
the target is set on a fast reciprocating mechanism, the
irradiation (i.e. impurity injection) timing and duration
Fig. 11 A photograph of the target/limiter head for the
Heliotron J experiment. The target is pushed up about
10 mm from the top of the limiter head.
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Energy Research Section
R. E. Hummel, Foreign Visiting Professor
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida,
Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA)
The emphasis of exploring and understanding the physical properties of spark-processed
silicon (sp-Si) has been directed in the past mainly
towards its strong, room temperature, photoluminescence (PL) in the blue and green spectral
range.1 The usefulness of sp-Si is widely recognized because of the stability of this material towards high-temperature annealing (at least up to
1000°C), environmental interactions, laser radiation, and HF etching.1 Further, the PL of sp-Si is
fast, that is, the decay time is in the nanosecond
range. From a technological point of view it is
therefore quite reasonable to also explore the electroluminescence (EL) properties of sp-Si. This has
been done before with some limited success.2,4
Specifically, the EL light emission of sp-Si was
found to be considerably smaller than that observed for the PL mode. We will report on a
modified method for spark processing which increases the EL emission of sp-Si by at least one
order of magnitude compared to the intensities,
which
are
achieved
when
conventional
spark-processing techniques are utilized
Conventional spark-processing is performed by applying high frequency, high voltage,
low average current electrical pulses for a certain
length of time (in the present case for several seconds) between a substrate (in the present case a 2
Ωcm, 400 μm thick <100> Si wafer) and a counter
electrode. The sparks are applied through the native SiO2 layer while the non-sparked areas remain
covered by SiO2. The most efficient counter electrode has been found in the past to be a tungsten tip
(anode), which is placed about 0.5 mm above the
substrate (cathode).3 Unipolar pulses involving, for
example, a frequency of 16 kHz, currents between
5 to 10 mA and air as a sparking medium are typically used.3 The resulting product is a grayish
looking layer on (and in) the Si substrate which, in
plan view, is surrounded by a light brown halo.
The complete EL device consists of a
sp-Si layer, an ohmic aluminum contact on the
back side of the wafer, and a thin (15-17 nm thick)
semitransparent silver film which covers the front
(spark-processed) surface. The transparency of a
smooth Ag film of the aforementioned thickness
for 700 nm light is about 30%. However, the actual
film thickness over the spark-processed area varies
considerably due to its rough and pitted nature so
that different transmissivities should be expected
across the spark-processed surface. Moreover,
80% of the sp-surface is not continuously covered by the conductive film so that approximately
only 20% of the sp-surface participates in the EL
emission. This can be convincingly observed in Fig.
1 which depicts the EL emission of conventionally
spark-processed Si when a driving voltage of 7V is
applied to the device. To the naked eye, the EL
emission appears to be a continuous circular band
of yellowish-red light which emanates only from
the halo region. Moreover, under an optical microscope it is observed that the band consists of small,
individual light emitting spots, which are separated
from each other (on the order of tens of microns)
by non-emitting areas.
The goal of our endeavor was to enhance
the EL output by increasing the light emitting area.
This was accomplished by smoothing the sp surface which allows to more completely cover the sp
area with a continuous, semitransparent, conducting silver film. This, in turn, was achieved by introducing into the spark plasma a volatile liquid,
such as methanol, in which silicon particles (1-20
μm in size) were suspended. The methanol/silicon
particle suspension was then inserted into a
small-gauge hypodermic syringe whose metal needle served as an anode and to which the high frequency voltage was applied. Spark processing was
then conducted by simultaneously applying moderate pressure to the syringe piston while allowing
the sparks to develop between anode and cathode.
The result is a whitish-gray area, about 7-8 mm in
diameter whose light emission appears much more
uniform and which does not seem to display a
separate halo region, see Fig. 2. Maximal light
output is achieved when the spark gap is set between 3 and 4 mm in order to afford some space
for the aerosol to develop.
Fig. 3 depicts typical EL spectra of conventional sp-Si (using a tungsten tip) and of aerosol- assisted sp-Si, using identical spectrometer and
device settings (6V driving voltage). An increase in
EL intensity for aerosol-assisted sp-Si by one order
of magnitude is observed particularly in the red
spectral range. Somewhat higher (and lower) intensities have been occasionally achieved. The
overall shapes of the two spectra are essentially
identical displaying maxima near 730 nm (1.7 eV)
and 660 nm (1.9 eV) and a threshold wavelength
for light emission at about 360 nm (3.2 eV). However, the latter “structure” in the aerosol-assisted
sp-Si spectrum can only be observed as a slight
shoulder. The emitted light can be easily observed
with the naked eye in a dimly illuminated environment.
The device currents, when using aerosol-assisted spark processing, are observed to be
larger than for conventionally prepared sp-Si. This
is interpreted to be mainly due to the improved
surface coverage of the semitransparent Ag film,
which results in a larger area participating in carrier injection into sp-Si. The same light emission
and other device characteristics are observed when
n-type as well as p-type Si is utilized as substrate
wafers. Light emission generally commences at a
threshold voltage near –4V and increases in intensity, within limits, for higher negative voltages until a breakdown eventually occurs above about
–12V.
The surface morphologies of conventional sp-Si and aerosol-assisted sp-Si show
marked differences. As mentioned above, the light
emitting band for conventional sp-Si is restricted to
the halo region which contains globules and agglomerates of various sizes ranging from about 1 to
3 μm in size. The center region, however, has deep
holes and valleys as we have shown in previous
publications1. In contrast, aerosol-assisted sp-Si
displays distinct, smooth, interconnected structures,
which are distributed essentially over the entire
spark-processed area. The formation process of the
observed features is not yet fully understood. It is
proposed that during aerosol-assisted spark processing a significant portion of the spark energy is
diverted towards evaporating the methanol and by
accelerating some of the Si particles so that less
energy is available for flash evaporation of the Si
substrate. Additionally, the micrometer sized Si
particles in the aerosol may impact with high energy onto the Si substrate during spark processing.
In any event, the surface structure of aerosol-assisted spark-processed Si is smoother and can
therefore be more completely and more continuously covered by the semitransparent Ag film.
No light emission and no device current
are observed when a control experiment is conducted, that is, when the same processing steps
are
performed,
except
omitting
the
spark-processing. In this case the protective SiO2
layer between Si and Ag prevents carrier injection.
The requirement for electron injection
into the sp-Si layer irrespective of whether the base
material is n- or p-type suggest that hot electron
processes are involved. It is further proposed that
in surface areas with sufficient field enhancement,
facilitated by the introduced surface features, electrons are injected with considerable energy into the
sp-Si and cause more electrons to be generated by
impact ionization. A fraction of these excited electrons return to the ground state via radiative pathways associated with defect states that exist in the
band gap of sp-Si. The non-bridging oxygen-hole
center with known emissions at 1.9 eV5 is a reasonable candidate for the 660 nm (1.9 eV)
peak/shoulder in the EL spectrum.
References
1. R.E. Hummel, in Silicon-Based Materials
and Devices, Vol. 1, Materials Processing,
edited by H.S. Nalwa (Academic Press, New
York, 2001) pp. 237-266, and Appl. Phys.
Lett. 61, 1965 (1992)
2. J. Yuan and D. Haneman, Appl. Phys. Lett.
67, 3328 (1995).
3. M.E. Stora and R.E. Hummel, J. Phys. Chem.
Sol., in press.
4. J. Yuan, D. Haneman, I. Andrienko, R.
Siegele, and P. Evans, Semicon. Sci. Tech. 13,
615 (1998).
5. R. Tohnon, Y. Shimogaichi, S. Munekuni, Y.
Okki, Y. Hama, and K. Nagasawa, Appl.
Phys. Lett. 54, 1650 (1989).
Fig. 1
EL emission from conventional
sp-Si at 30X magnification.
Driving
voltage = 7V.
Fig. 2
EL emission of aerosol-assisted
spark processed Si. Driving voltage = 7V.
Fig. 3
EL spectra of sp-Si using identical spectrometer and device settings (6V driving voltage).
(a) conventional sp-Si (W-tip); (b) comparison of conventional and aerosol-assisted spark processing.
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Energy Research Section
R. W. Adamiak, Foreign Visiting Professor
(Head of the Laboratory of Structural Chemistry of Nucleic Acids at
the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences,
Poznan, Poland)
1. Introduction
It was really a great
opportunity for us to work for
3 months (September 1 November 30, 2001) with
Professor
Ryszard
W.
Adamiak, one of the world
famous nucleic acids research
chemists. He has dedicated
his whole scientific life to
RNA synthesis and structural RNA sciences based on
the synthesis. Because of the excellent knowledge of
whole nucleic acids chemistry, we have made plans to
bring some contribution to some currently
world-competitive subjects, in which we have been
interested. Accordingly he summarized his idea and
gave us a lecture about it.
2. Implication of Telomere Structure
Revealing the mechanism of cancer generation is
one of the major subjects of environment sciences as
well. Telomere is the repeated sequence and exists at
the end of genes controlling the conversion of cells
toward ageing or reproducible death (cancer). It is also
known that a variety of proteins bind this sequence
although the sequence is simple. Regarding this
unique DNA sequence, we have been exploring the
structural properties, which may be one of the key
factors to understand the complex mechanisms of how
the cell conversion is controlled, and have found that,
for instance, d(CCCTAA) exists in the three distinct
tetramers each of which consists of slowly exchanging
four symmetric single-strands, namely i-motif.
However there still remains a problem of whether
these isomeric structures really exist in cells and is
recognized by proteins. We carried out intensive
survey of currently issued literatures and brought up
our independent ideas.
In the project, accordingly we have made the
following plans :
1) Synthesis of probes by which one can fish proteins
that recognize individual i-motif isomers. Our brief
idea is to synthesize oligonucleotides which consist of
the repeated sequences and is long enough to make
various isomeric structures and to anchor them onto
magnet beads to trap the proteins.
2) Synthesis of oligonucleotides by which one can
see how the isomeric structures exist in longer chains.
We will synthesize F-labeled oligonucleotides with the
repeated sequence and analyze by 19F-NMR.
3. Build-up of DNA Chips
According to the current rapid progress in gene
sciences, development of DNA chips has become an
urgent and important subject in any bio-related
research fields, however, practically working product
has not been established yet in spite of severe
international and domestic competition. We have
carried out intensive literature survey to find out
current status of this research target and summarized
the existing problems. Based on this result, we will
continue the collaboration.
Although short, his visit established excellent and
invaluable relationship necessary for the continued
collaboration on the future projects including those
represented above. The level of nucleic acids
chemistry in Poland is high. We will keep strong
collaboration network between those two advanced
countries.
Advanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Energy Research Section
Adam Baszkin, Foreign Visiting Professor
(CNRS, University Paris-Sud Châtenay- Malabry, France)
1. Introduction
A great number of scientific disciplines ranging
from chemistry and physics to molecular biology requires understanding of interfacial phenomena encountered in these systems by the concepts of surface science.
Surface science is also of great scope for application to
industrial processes such as catalysis and new technologies in which devices formed by building up layers of
monomolecular films show promise in micro and
nanotechnologies and in telecommunication. All these
areas require knowledge of techniques and of relevant
theory in interfacial chemistry. It is, therefore, of paramount importance to provide students and research
workers with the means to set up interfacial techniques
and to interpret measurements.
Considering the importance of physical surface
chemistry to the development of highly active
photo-catalytic materials and their use in the
dye-sensitized solar cells containing TiO2 nanotubes as a
semi conduction thin films, the Institute of Advanced
Energy, invited me for a period of four months to teach a
course of physical surface chemistry to their students
and to initiate research topics related to molecular assemblies of ceramic nanotubes obtained through surfactant-template mechanism using a Langmuir-Blodgett
technique.
2. Physical Surface Chemistry course
Physical Surface Chemistry class has been taught
during three months (December 2001 through February 2002) to master and Ph.D.students of the Institute
This course intended to provide basic knowledge of
physical surface chemistry to the students included:
- Interfacial thermodynamics principles (functions of
state, reversibility of processes, the excess interfacial
quantities and the relationship between their integral
and differential functions)
- Gibbs adsorption equation, Langmuir adsorption equation and their application
- Surface and interfacial tensions of liquids and methods
of their measurement
- Molecular basis of surface activity, classification of
surfactants and of adsorption isotherms, Gibbs
monolayers, insoluble monomolecular films and their
physical state.
- Association of surfactants (colloids): micelles, vesicles, and membranes.
- Thermodynamics of micelles formation, molecular
geometry and formation of association colloids, aggregation numbers, critical micelle concentration
(cmc)
- Wetting and spreading (thermodynamics of wetting,
classification of wetting processes, contact angles and
their hysteresis, kinetics of wetting, solid surface free
energy, critical surface tension of wetting, intermolecular forces involved in solid-liquid adhesion)
- Interfacial forces (covalent bonds, coulombic forces,
dispersion and van der Waals forces, Hamaker constants, dipoles and polarization, electric double layer
force, hydrophobic interaction, repulsion entropic
forces, packing and depletion forces). Direct measurement of surface forces.
- Characterization of solid surfaces: spectroscopies
(ESCA, SIMPS, ATR-FTIR), microscopies: (SEM,
STM, AFM)
At the end of the course the students had an examinnation and they all successfully passed through this test.
3. Research activity
- Studies of Langmuir films of silica and hydrophobically modified silica particles monolayers have been
initiated with Prof. Motonari Adachi and his student
Koichi Mori using an automatic Langmuir type film
balance equipped with Blodgett film sampling and
Brewster angle microscopy measuring devices
- Fruitful discussions with Prof. Masuhiro Kinoshita led
to the improvement of a model system used in calculation of Lennard-Jones potentials of spherical particles in developed by him efficient methodology for
prediction of approximate shapes and size distribution
of micelles.
- Participation to the laboratory seminars. Discussions
with Dr.S.Sakamoto of his work on energy transfer
regulation by random-coil to 3α helix bundle peptides.
- Invited speaker to the 2nd Symposium of Advanced
Eco-Energy
Forum-Nano-Technology
&
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, March 13-14, 2002 organized by Prof. Susumu Yoshikawa at the Institute of
Advanced Energy at Kyoto University at Uji. Conference on ” Molecular Recognition in Monolayers”.
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Materials Research Section
A. Kohyama, Professor
Y. Katoh, Associate Professor
K. Jimbo, Research Associate
1. Introduction
The importance of the materials development for
advanced energy systems including nuclear fusion and
fission reactors has been rapidly growing in these years
and expected to be emphasized in the coming years and
the upcoming century. The mission of the Advanced
Energy Materials Research Section at the Advanced
Energy Conversion Division is to develop advanced
energy materials to be used in advanced energy systems
with the emphasis on advanced energy conversion
systems. The research section is unfolding unique and
extensive researches in the fields of functional and
structural materials development as well as taking
important parts in national and international programs
for R & D of energy materials.
The current emphasis of the research section is on
materials studies for nuclear fusion and nuclear fission
reactors and for aerospace applications where resistance
of materials under severe environments, such as high
temperature, high heat flux, high energy particle
irradiation, complex and variable stresses and others,
are required. The ongoing research themes include (1)
research and development of advanced reduced
activation ferritic steels for fusion applications, (2)
research and development of silicon carbide
fiber-reinforced silicon carbide matrix composites
(SiC/SiC composites) for fusion and other advanced
energy systems, (3) theoretical modeling and
computational studies on the material behavior under
high energy particle irradiation conditions, (4)
development of sub-sized or miniature specimen
techniques for mechanical property evaluation of
structural and functional materials, (5) joining of the
materials for extremely severe environment, (6)
fundamental studies on the physical processes
responsible for the irradiation creep phenomenon in
metallic materials, and (7) experimental and theoretical
studies on the heat transfer through liquid coolants in
the high-efficiency energy conversion systems.
The research section is functioning as one of the
central organizing bodies of fusion materials research in
universities. The current JAPAN/USA Collaboration
program, “Dynamic behavior of fusion materials and
their response to varying and complex irradiation
conditions”, so called JUPITER program, is one of the
most important activities and the program has been
strongly related with scientific, engineering and
technological studies on interactions of materials with
energetic particle bombardments, such as neutron
irradiation and charged particle irradiations.
2. CREST-ACE Project for Energy Material System
Under the title of "R & D of Environment Conscious
Multi-Functional Structural Materials for Advanced
Energy Systems", a new R & D activity to establish
high efficiency and environmental conscious energy
conversion systems, as one of the programs of Core
Research for Evolutional Science and Technology
(CREST), has been initiated for the research period
from October 1997 to September 2002.
This program cares for R & D of high performance
materials and material systems for severe environments
and production of model components for energy
conversion systems is carried out. The emphasis is on R
& D of SiC/SiC, W/W with their system studies to
establish sound material life cycles. The program
outline and preliminary results on SiC/SiC are provided.
As a key technology to establish high efficiency and
environmental conscious (low impact systems on
environment)
energy
conversion
systems,
multi-functional (structural) materials R & D is
emphasized in this program. The nickname of this
program; CREST-ACE stands for CREST- Advanced
Material Systems for Conversion of Energy. This
program cares for R & D of high performance materials
and materials systems for severe environments. For this
purpose, starting from materials design, process
developments, applications of those materials to
advanced energy systems towards the end of their
material cycles are systematically carried out. The final
goal is to produce model components for high efficiency
and environmental conscious energy conversion
systems.
As important energy options for the future, nuclear
fission energy and nuclear fusion energy cannot be
ignored. In these materials systems, nuclear reactions
and transformations by high energy beams and particles
such as neutrons and γ-rays have strong impacts on
environment through the production of radioactive
elements and emissions of electromagnetic waves.
Therefore, low activation materials R & D have been
major efforts in fusion and fission energy research.
To meet the program goal, high temperature
ceramics composites, such as silicon carbide (SiC) fiber
reinforced SiC matrix composite materials (SiC/SiC)
and high temperature metal composites, such as
tungsten (W) alloy fiber reinforced W composite
materials(W/W) have been selected as the base material
systems.
The important object of this program is a
contribution to make a social system which has low
impact on environment and has a sufficient public
acceptance. For this purpose, this program tries to cover
major issues in materials life cycle as shown in Fig.2.
As can be seen in the figure, reduction of radioactive
wastes and establishment of waste management scheme
is important and recycling and reuse of composite
materials are big challenges. Technological issues are
also indicated in Fig.1 where the importance of joint
technology and surface coating or modification
technologies are emphasized.
The CREST-ACE program activity is supported by
JSTC and is operated as a JSTC activity with the
participation of scientists/engineers and professors from
university, institutes and industries to make a
CREST-ACE team. The major participants are shown in
Fig.3 together with main facilities used in this program.
Institute of Advanced Energy (IAE), Kyoto University
is the central organization of this program and Institute
for Materials Research, Oarai Branch (IMR-Oarai),
Tohoku University, Joining and Welding Research
Institute (JWRI), Osaka University, Osaka Prefecture
University are the participants from universities.
National Research Institute of Metals (NRIM), Japan
Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) and Osaka
Industrial Research Institute (OIRI) are from national
institutes and Ube, Nippon Carbon, Toshiba and
Kawasaki Heavy Industries are participating from
industries.
3.Development of Advanced Low-Activation Ferritic
/ Martensitic Steels
One of the most important challenges in fusion
technology research and development (R&D) is the
development of low-activation materials. Presently, low
activation ferritic/martensitic steels (LAFs), vanadium
alloys and SiC/SiC composite materials are considered
promising candidates. Among them, the LAFs R&D is
placed at the highest priority in the Japanese and the
European programs.
To accelerate the development of LAFs, a working
group under the Annex-II of the International Energy
Agency (IEA) implementing agreement on a program of
research and development on fusion materials has been
formed to coordinate a collaborative program between
the European Union (EU), USA and Japan. The steels
for the IEA test program have been provided from the
two Japanese research sectors: the Monbusho
universities program and the STA JAERI program. Two
1metric ton heats of JLF-1 steel (a 9Cr-2W steel) and
two 5metric ton heats of F82H steel (an 8Cr-2W steel)
were produced. Plates with thicknesses from 7 to 25
mm and plates of these thicknesses with electron beam
(EB) or narrow gap tungsten inert gas (TIG) welded
joints have been distributed.
Together with the materials R & D activities, many
conceptual design studies using LAFs are in progress.
As the representing design studies, Steady State
Tokamak Reactor (SSTR) and Forced Free Helical
Reactor (FFHR) are intensively studied with the
emphasis on “how LAFs are applied in the reactor
systems, especially for blankets”.
3. Development of SiC/SiC Composite for Fusion
Systems
There is a strong demand to make high performance
ceramic matrix composites (CMC) for advanced energy
systems, such as nuclear fusion reactors, advanced gas
turbine engines, SiC/SiC composites are considered to
be the most potential candidates for them because of its
advantages; (1) high specific strength, (2) high
temperature strength, (3) fracture toughness compared
with ceramic materials, (4) insulating material (prevent
energy loss by conduction), (5) controllable to improve
conductivity, (6) low induced radioactivity under
nuclear environments, etc.
This is beneficial to achieve high plant heat efficiency
with higher reliability on safety.
R & D of SiC/SiC in our section can be divided into
three tasks; (1) Process development of material
production into composite material, (2) Evaluation and
prediction of materials performance and (3) Design and
fabrication of multi-functional components for energy
conversion systems. The first task consists of three
sub-tasks; (1) improvement and innovation of SiC fibers,
(2) process development of composite material
production including matrix materials R & D, (3) design
and control of interfacial microstructure to optimize
material performance. The second task is on (1)
mechanical properties, (2) thermal and electrical
properties, (3) establishment of evaluation test
methodology for SiC/SiC composite materials and
fibers. In this task, studies on irradiation effects and on
severe environmental effects are emphasized. For the
third task, elements of energy conversion components
for fusion reactor and for high temperature gas reactor
will be designed and be fabricated as the goal of this
program which should verify the specifications of the
elements. Low activation characteristics are the most
important technological challenges and selection of low
activation elements and elimination of harmful elements
(to produce high purity SiC or SiC(x), where X is
element(s) to improve thermal and electrical properties)
are to be extensively carried out. In this task, Chemical
Vapor Infiltration (CVI) method, Polymer Impregnation
and Pyrolysis (PIP) method, and Reaction Sintering
(RS) Process have been studied. SiC fiber R & D are
improvement of Poly-Carbo-Silane (PCS) type,
innovation of PCS+(M) type, new polymer type and
their combinations. Interfacial microstructure control is
also studied by CVI, PIP and RS methods.
As one of the most promising fabrication processes,
there have been many efforts on PIP process R & D
where improvements of performance and reliability of
SiC/SiC composites for structural application are
stressed.
In this study, to reduce porosity in composites and to
control microstructures of matrix and matrix/fiber
interface are emphasized. The objective is to develop a
fabrication scheme and process of SiC/SiC composites
by PIP process with improved matrix integrity under
variations of polymer-precursors and their blends. As is
well known, the microstructure of ceramics derived
from pre-ceramic polymer is very complicated and
influenced by the polymer and fabrication process, in
general. Thus, polyvinylsilane (PVS) is selected as an
important candidate for the PIP process development.
PVS is a pre-ceramic polymer with low viscosity at
an ambient temperature. The polymer-to-ceramic
conversion chemistry of PVS was studied by means of
thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal
analysis
(DTA),
infrared
spectroscopy,
gas
chromatography and X-ray powder diffraction.
4. Development of Advanced Refractory Composites
for High Temperature Applications
High service temperatures in high efficiency and
environmental conscious energy conversion systems,
will require the use of refractory metals. Although
ceramics are potential materials, in many cases
refractory metals represent the best choice despite their
high density compared with ceramics. The refractory
metal alloys are based on V, Nb, Mo, Ta and W, where
the V-alloys may have too low a low temperature
capability for the use. Although materials considered for
use in space reactors range from Nb alloys to W alloys,
these alloys have an issue of low fracture toughness and
a concern about embrittlement under irradiation
environment and some other severe environments. In
general, metal fiber reinforced metal matrix composite
materials (MMC or FRM) are designed to use high
strength but not highly ductile fibers as reinforcement
and ductile matrix as stress transport and catastrophic
fracture inhibitor, such as W/Cu, Ti-Al/Ti. Whereas,
W/W composites are utilizing high strength and
improved ductility by fiber and low strength W with
higher fracture toughness provides optimized
mechanical properties. The utilization of ultra-high
strength W alloy fibers is also beneficial to eliminate
difficulty in large monolithic block fabrication. There
have been some R & D efforts in space reactor
application nearly twenty years ago but the activities
were interrupted in mid 80's. This task is to renew the R
& D activity of W-alloy/W or W-alloy/Nb-alloy
composite materials for high efficiency and
environmental conscious conversion systems. The task
includes (1) improvement of ultra-high strength W
fibers, (2) development of composite material
fabrication process by CVI, (3) Evaluation and
prediction of materials performance and (4) Design and
fabrication of multi-functional components for energy
conversion systems. In this task, low activation
characteristic and high resistance to high heat flux
exposure are important requirements for the applications
to nuclear fission and fusion reactors.
5. Theoretical Investigation and Modeling of
Neutron Irradiation Effects in Energy Conversion
Materials
Production of cascade vacancy clusters has long
been observed in experiments and demonstrated by
computer simulation studies. Vacancy clusters, which
are randomly introduced at very high production rates
and possess a long lifetime, should impose great
influences on point defect processes, microstructural
evolution and resultant property changes in irradiated
materials. In the current work, issues related to
characterization of cascade-induced defect production
by microstructural analysis, including swelling rate
analysis in reactor-irradiated austenitic alloys and loop
growth rate analysis in electron- and heavy
ion-irradiated austenitic model alloy, are studied.
In addition, also as a part of US/Japan collaborative
research activity for fusion materials study, the
influences of unsteady irradiation conditions such as
temperature excursion during reactor operations and / or
the reactor startup and shutdown on microstructural
evolution and mechanical property changes are analyzed
based on the integrated reaction rate theory of
irradiation effects in materials updated with the latest
results from atomistic simulation studies on the
displacement cascades.
5. Development and Improvement of Applied
Micro-Indentation Technique
Irradiation of metallic ions in the MeV energy range
with or without co-implantation of helium ions is an
effective, powerful and quick experimental method to
simulate the high-energy neutron damages in materials
and the synergistic effect with transmutant helium. This
study is intended to establish a simple and quick method
to characterize the plastic deformation properties of
such thin damaged layer by mean of ion beam
irradiation and a low load hardness measurement
technique. The present paper focuses on the
development of experimental techniques and
considerations specific to analyzing the measured data
from specimens which possess perpendicularly uneven
hardness property. For this purpose, metals and alloys of
different classes, namely a model austenitic alloy, pure
iron and pure vanadium, were irradiated with nickel
ions of different energy with and without
co-implantation of helium ions and then subjected to an
instrumented indentation tests. The load - displacement
property obtained from the experiment was then
analyzed in order to extract the net hardening due to
irradiation.
It was demonstrated that the hardening of metallic
materials induced by heavy ion irradiation in an MeV
energy range can be quantitatively evaluated by the
instrumented low-load indentation technique. A
depth-profile measurement of the apparent indentation
hardness and the elastic work analysis appeared to be
effective for this purpose. A higher-load indentation test
may be employed to determine the hardening in a thin
layer at a reasonable accuracy, provided (1) damaged
layer thickness is know, (2) indentation depth is larger
than the layer thickness and (3) the amount of relative
hardening is large enough (approximately larger than
50%).
In order to quantitatively evaluate mechanical
properties of fibers, matrices and their interfaces in fiber
reinforced SiC/SiC composites, nano-indentation tests
have been carried out. Using the same technique, fiber
push-out test was performed. Also, in order to see
relationship between interfacial coating thickness of
carbon and bending strength, three point bending tests
were carried out with various carbon coating thickness
SiC/SiC composites. Due to insufficient uniformity in
carbon coating thickness, the results on bending strength
have a large scatter. Carbon coating on the fibers
improved the fracture toughness of SiC/SiC under
bending test. In this result, SiC/SiC composites with
around 1 μm carbon coating thickness had a peak in
bending strength. This tendency was similar with that of
interfacial shear strength, although carbon-coating
thickness at the peak seemed different. These results
suggest that it is possible to control mechanical property
by controlling interfacial shear strength.
6. Engineering Research on Joining of Materials for
Nuclear Energy Systems
As the important part of the life extension program
for nuclear fission reactors and that of the maintenance
scheme of blanket of fusion reactors, repair welding
technique of neutron damaged materials is recognized to
be one of the most urgent subjects to be established.
This work provides the potentiality and the critical
issues of “tandem electron beam welding technique”
when it is applied to heavily neutron damaged materials.
Where mechanical property degradation due to the
displacement damage and helium production from (n,
α) reaction makes it very difficult to produce sound
welded joint.
This study reveals the elementary characteristics of
the welded joints produced by Tandem electron beam
welding technique. Not only for the stainless steel nor
high-nickel alloys, also for stainless steel to high-nickel
alloy welded joints are studied. The tandem electron
beam welding was done at JWRI, Osaka University.
By optimizing the drilling effect from the leading
electron beam and the weld defect suppression effect
from the secondary electron beam , weld defect free
welded joints were obtained with the excellent joint
strength and ductility. The weld bead shape and
penetration characteristics are also provided. The
present results are quite promising to apply “tandem
electron beam welding” to heavily neutron damaged
metallic structures and components.
7. Fundamental Processes of Irradiation Creep
Effects of applied stress on early stages of interstitial
type Frank loop evolution are being studied by both
numerical calculation and irradiation experiments.
The final objective of this research is to propose a
comprehensive model of complex stress effects on
microstructural evolution under various conditions. In
the experimental parts of this work, the microstructural
analysis revealed that the differences in resolved normal
stress caused those in the nucleation rates of Frank
loops on {111} crystallographic family planes, and that
with increasing external applied stress the total
nucleation rate of Frank loops was increased.
A numerical calculation was carried out primarily to
evaluate the validity of models of stress effects on
nucleation processes of Frank loop evolution. The
calculation stands on rate equations which describe
evolution of point defects, small points defect clusters
and Frank loops. The rate equations of Frank loop
evolution were formulated for {111} planes, considering
effects of resolved normal stress to clustering processes
of small point defects and growth processes of Frank
loops, separately. The experimental results and the
predictions from the numerical calculation qualitatively
agreed with each other, but the result suggested that that
the present model need to be improved by including
cascade and other effects to make it more realistic.
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Transportation Research Section
K. Miyazaki, Professor
T. Nakajima, Associate Professor
K. Hata, Research Associate
2. Development of advanced lasers
(a) High-intensity fs pulse laser
A high-intensity fs Ti:sapphire laser system has been
developed using the chirped-pulse amplification technique,
which is shown in Fig.1, together with its optical configuration.
This laser allows us to approach extreme regions of physical
parameters, i.e., the ultrafast time and the extremely-high field.
The laser system developed consists of a mode-locked
Ti:sapphire laser oscillator pumped by the second harmonic
output of an all solid-state Nd:YVO4 laser, an all-reflective
pulse stretcher using a pair of grating, the first regenerative
Ti:sapphire laser amplifier, the second and third power
amplifiers, and a grating pulse compressor. The output pulse
energy is 40 mJ with the pulse width of 40 fs, producing a
λ/4
PC 2
PC 1
G
PULSE COMPRESSOR
1. Introduction
Our research interests are focused on the development and
applications of advanced lasers having new optical and/or
physical functions of coherent radiation, aiming at the goal of
demonstrating new fields of science and technology with lasers.
The current research subjects are concerned with the
development of high-intensity ultrashort-pulse lasers which are
capable of producing strong fields of fs ~ ps duration and their
applications to the study of strong-field interactions with atoms,
molecules, and solids. So far, we have developed a high
intensity fs Ti:sapphire laser system operating at the
wavelength region of 800 nm. An important subject for new
laser science is an extension of the spectral range of useful high
intensity lasers. The laser applications include experimental
study on the coherent control of strong-field interactions with
atoms and molecules to develop compact, high-brightness
coherent extreme UV (XUV) and/or soft X-ray sources.
Material processing using the high-intensity fs laser pulses is in
progress as a promising approach to develop a new
nano-technology on atomic and molecular levels.
This research section is also working on the theoretical
study of nonlinear optics and on the fundamental study of
steady and unsteady heat and fluid flow in liquids.
HARMONIC
SEPARATOR
AMP 2
AMP 3
PULSED Q-SWITCH
Nd:YAG LASER
λ/2
λ/2
PULSE
STRETCHER
G
G
MODE-LOCKED
Ti:SAPPHIRE LASER
G
40 mJ / 40 fsec
LD-PUMPED Nd:YVO4 (SH)
LASER (MILLENNIA, 5W)
Fig.1. High-intensity fs Ti:sapphire laser system.
peak power of 1 TW. The beam diameter is about 20 mm.
Focusing the 1-TW pulses, we can produce the field intensity
up to 1018 W/cm2 on a target surface. This high intensity
corresponds to the field strength of more than 1010 V/cm and
can induce various kinds of nonperturbative nonlinear
phenomena through the interaction with matter. The laser
system is very stable and can be operated for more than several
hours without any appreciable change of the output
characteristics.
(b) Generation of high-intensity, blue and UV fs pulses
Current technology for the generation of high-intensity,
ultrashort optical pulses is mainly based on Ti:sapphire lasers,
and then the output wavelength is limited to the spectral region
of 800 nm. To extend the useful high-intensity fs laser into
short-wavelength regions, we have developed an apparatus for
efficient second- and third-harmonic generation of the 40-fs
pulses from the Ti:sapphire laser system. The frequency
conversion system employs a simple optical configuration, as
Compensation
of GVM
SHG
ω
ω
2ω
BBO
(0.2 mm)
Rotation of
polarization
ω
ω
2ω
2ω
CALCITE
(2.0 mm )
THG
3ω
WAVEPLATE
BBO
(0.3 mm)
Fig.2. Configuration for the SHG and THG of the fs pulses .
shown in Fig.2. For the SHG and THG, we are using 15-mm
diameter BBO crystals of 0.2-mm and 0.3-mm in thickness,
respectively. The peak power of fs blue pulses at 400 nm is
0.2 TW with the pulse width of 60 fs, and the UV peak power
at 267 nm is 20 GW with 140 fs. The focused UV laser
intensity is more than 1016 W/cm2.
(c) Continuously-tunable high-intensity ps laser
For the purposes of experimental study of
frequency-dependent laser-matter interactions, a broadly
tunable, high-intensity ps pulse laser is under development,
using optical parametric generation (OPG) and amplification
(OPA) in nonlinear crystals. The OPG and OPA laser system
is pumped by the third-harmonic (355 nm) of the output from a
ps Nd:YAG laser-amplifiers system. The seed 7-ps pulses at
1064 nm in the pump laser system are generated by a cw
mode-locked Nd:YVO4 laser and injected into a flash-lamp
pumped, Q-switched regenerative Nd:YAG amplifier. The
amplified pulse is extracted from the regenerative amplifier and
further amplified by a flash-lamp pumped Nd:YAG power
amplifier. The pump laser operated at a repetition rate of 10
Hz is frequency tripled by KD*P crystals, and the TH pulse
energy of more than 10 mJ is used to pump the OPG/OPA
system.
Figure 3 is the photograph of the OPG and OPA laser
system using BBO crystals. The UV pulse energy of about 1
mJ is used to pump the OPG and the rest is for the OPA. The
Fig.3. The OPG and OPA system for a tunable ps laser.
generated signal and idler pulses cover a broad spectral range
of 400 ~ 2500 nm. Frequency conversion of the output can
extend the tunable range down to ~ 200 nm. Experimental
study is made to optimize the conversion efficiency for the
OPG and OPA.
3. High-field interactions with matter
Strong-field interaction with atoms and molecules and its
control are the most important research subjects in applications
of the high-intensity lasers to, e.g., high-order harmonic
generation (HHG) in atomic and molecular gases for
development of coherent XUV and soft X-ray sources,
white-light lidars for monitoring and mapping pollutants in the
atmosphere, highly sensitive measurements of low-density
elements in chemical substances, laser-induced lightning,
material processing using ultrashort-pulse lasers, and so forth.
(a) Nonlinear interactions with atoms and molecules
As one of the most fundamental processes to control
strong-field interactions in such applications, we are interested
in the Coulomb explosion of simple molecules. When
diatomic molecules are subject to a strong linearly-polarized
laser field, multi-electron dissociative ionization or Coulomb
explosion takes place, and the fragment ions having specific
kinetic energies are predominantly ejected along the direction
of laser polarization. It appears to be accepted that this
phenomenon is induced by the molecular alignment along the
incident laser field, although no clear experimental evidence
has been given so far. If the laser-induced molecular
alignment certainly takes place, it may provide us with a new
technique to control the strong-field interaction with molecules
and resulting optical properties of molecular gases.
For the detailed experimental study of Coulomb explosion
of N2, we used linearly- and circularly-polarized laser beams at
800 nm, 400 nm, and 267 nm from the high-intensity fs laser
system developed. The fs laser pulses are focused by a lens
with a focal length of 15 - 30 cm into low-pressure N2 gas
confined in a vacuum chamber equipped with a time of flight
(TOF) ion mass spectrometer. The focused laser intensity is
in a range of 1013 - 1016 W/cm2. The N2 gas pressure is varied
in the range of 10-8 ~ 10-7 Torr, and the fragment ions produced
are detected by a microchannel plate detector in conjunction
with a digital oscilloscope.
The fragment ions produced through the laser-induced
Coulomb explosion of N2 molecules has a strong anisotropy,
depending on the angle between the laser polarization and the
detection axis. We expect that such anisotropy is not
produced by the circularly-polarized light, and only ions ejected
to the direction parallel to the TOF axis are detected. Then,
we compared the ion signals for the linearly and circularly
polarized beams having an equal E-field along the TOF axis.
2I(t)
x
TOF
I(t)
Ex
=
y
Ex
Ey
f = 150 mm
Circularly
polirized
Linearly
polirized
Linearly polarized: 6.3 x 1015 W/cm2
ION SIGNAL (arb. units)
10
0
-10
-20
(1,1)
-30
N+
(3,2)
-40
(1,2)
(2,1)
N3+
N2+
-50
(2,2)
-60
3
4
5
6
TIME (μs)
7
8
Circularly polarized: 1.2 x 1016 W/cm2
ION SIGNAL (arb. units)
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
3
4
5
6
TIME (μs)
7
8
Fig.4. Examples of TOF ion mass spectra observed with linearly(upper) and circularly-(lower) polarized pulses having an equal E-field
along the detection axis.
1000
ION SIGNAL (arb. units)
LINEAR (parallel)
CIRCULAR
100
10
(2,2): N24+ → N 2+ + N2+
1
1
10
LASER INTENSITY (1015 W/cm2)
Fig.5. Example of the (2,2) fragment ion signal measured as a function
of laser intensity.
Examples of the ion spectra observed with different
polarizations are shown in Fig.4. Two ion spectra are very
similar, but the signal for the linearly-polarized beam is much
larger than that for the circular. Figure 5 shows an example of
the (2,2) fragment ion signal measured as a function of laser
intensity along the TOF axis, where the equal E-field along the
detection axis is always maintained. With an increase in the
laser intensity, the fragments produced by the linearly-polarized
light increase faster than that induced by the
circularly-polarized.
This suggests that the fragment
alignment is certainly induced before explosion at the high
intensity. The degree of alignment was observed to strongly
depend on the fragmentation channels or on the laser intensity.
From the results, we see the critical laser intensity that is
required for the alignment of nitrogen molecules to be ~ 1015
W/cm2 for the 800-nm, 40 fs pulses.
(b) Coherent XUV and soft X-ray sources
Based on the study of strong-field interactions with atoms
and molecules, a coherent XUV or soft X-ray sources using
high-order harmonic generation (HHG) is under development.
For the study of efficient HHG, we have completed an
experimental apparatus consisting of a grazing-incidence
spectrograph using a flat-field grating and a CCD detector to
observe two-dimensional XUV spectra.
(c) fs-laser processing of thin films
It has been recognized in various scientific fields using
lasers that the high-intensity fs laser is a powerful tool for
processing various kinds of materials including metals,
ceramics, organic and inorganic matters, and living cells. The
fs laser pulse can minimize thermal effects in a target material
due to the ultrashort interaction time, and the high-intensity or
the high-density photons can induce a variety of nonlinear
phenomena such as multiphoton absorption and ionization, and
self-focusing. Then, the fs laser pulses work effectively to
process even transparent materials, being insensitive to physical
and chemical properties of each material.
An experimental study is in progress to develop a new
processing technology for thin films of TiN, diamond-like
carbon (DLC) and others of which surfaces are difficult to be
precisely processed by conventional techniques. We have
tried to ablate the thin TiN and DLC films deposited on
stainless steel plates, using the linearly- and circularly-polarized
fs Ti:sapphire laser pulses at 800 and 267 nm. The laser
pulses were focused in air on the target film at an energy
fluence (0.2 ~ 0.3 J/cm2) slightly above the ablation threshold
with a lens of focusing length of 25 ~ 100 cm. The
morphology of the ablated areas of thin films was observed and
characterized with a field emission-scanning electron
microscope and an atomic force microscope.
In Fig.6, some examples of the results are shown of the
TiN film ablated using (a) linearly and (b) circularly-polarized
pulses. With the linearly-polarized light, an array of fine
slender granular structure is produced on the ablated surface,
(a)
(b)
240 nm
Fig.6. Examples of the TiN film ablated with (a) linearly- and
(b) circularly-polarized laser pulses. Laser fluence, ~ 0.2 J/cm2.
which is almost oriented to the direction perpendicular to the
laser polarization. On the other hand, the circularly-polarized
light forms a fine circular periodic structure on the surface.
The size of these surface structures is 1/10 ~ 1/4 of the laser
wavelength used and was observed to decrease with a decrease
in the laser wavelength. It should be noted that the size of
surface structures observed is much smaller than that of the
well-known surface ripple patterns generated by laser-induced
surface electromagnetic wave, whose intervals are usually close
to the laser wavelength. The surface structure observed with
different polarizations may suggest a new approach to produce
a nano-structure on thin films.
4. Theoretical study for efficient VUV generation and
applications
In order to generate radiation in the vacuum UV (VUV)
wavelength region, there is no other choice, at least for a
moment, but to rely on the frequency up-conversion with a
gaseous medium, since there are neither laser- nor
nonlinear-crystals available for such short wavelength. By
making use of a resonance the nonlinear susceptibility can be
greatly enhanced.
The crucial drawback is that the
reabsorption of the generated wave will also increase, leading
to no “net” increase of the conversion efficiency. This is a
well-known dilemma for the frequency conversion processes.
In the visible wavelength region, however, one can utilize an
electromagnetically-Induced transparency (EIT) scheme to
overcome this dilemma. Unfortunately the EIT scheme is not
applicable in the VUV region, since there is no proper transition
line for such wavelength with neutral atoms. In order to find a
way out of this difficulty, we have theoretically investigated a
scheme which would be particularly useful for the frequency
up-conversion in the VUV region. The scheme involves an
autoionizing state, which inherently possesses non-radiative
coherence without external laser fields. According to our
estimation with realistic parameters, three orders of magnitude
improvement in conversion efficiency is feasible. More
specific study with He and Mg atoms is currently under
progress.
As a new application for the use of thus generated
short-wavelength radiation, we have also proposed and
quantitatively studied spin-polarization of photoelectrons
produced by multiphoton ionization of Xe with a VUV laser.
It turned out that more than 90 % polarization is possible if the
radiation wavelength is judiciously chosen. The proposed
scheme can be a new candidate for a polarized-electron source.
Another application is to utilize electron-spin polarized residual
ions. For that purpose alkali-earth atoms are most convenient,
since its singly-ionized species have a single valence electron.
Our estimation showed that alkaline-earth ions can be 65-80 %
electron-spin polarized, which can be further used for the
investigation of various spin-dependent dynamics.
5. Steady and unsteady heat and fluid flow
Critical heat fluxes on vertical cylinders of various inner
diameters internally cooled by forced flow of pressurized water
are studied for wide ranges of pressure, liquid subcooling and
flow velocity. The purposes of this study are to clarify the effect
of these parameters on the critical heat flux and to present the
database to determine the most favorable conditions to realize
the high flux heat removal from a divertor of a fusion test
facility.
Basic studies for the general understanding of heat and
fluid flow problems in liquid metals concerning with blanket
technologies and high heat flux heat removal in nuclear fusion
reactor, and the design and the safety evaluation of sodium
cooled fast breeder reactors are performed.
Steady-state and transient heat transfer, as well as its peak
heat flux on a heated solid surface, in normal fluid helium and
liquid nitrogen with an increasing heat input are systematically
studied for the solid surfaces with different shapes, dimensions
and surface finishes for wide ranges of experimental conditions
to present the database for design of super-conducting magnets
and energy devices (power cable, generator, current limiter etc.).
The aim of this study is to present a general model of steady
and transient non-boiling and boiling heat transfer that can
describe the heat transfer in cryogenic and non-cryogenic
liquids and to establish the evaluation method of cooling
stability in super-conducting magnets.
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Storage Research Section
A. Kimura, Professor
K. Morishita, Associate Professor
R. Kasada, Research Associate
1. Introduction
Efficient energy conversion and storage are great
concerns for sound human life in the near future. This
section takes up a mission of materials R&D for
advanced nuclear energy conversion and storage, such
as development of fusion blanket structural materials,
energetic particle-solid interactions, hydrogen-solids
interactions, understanding elemental processes of
formation of non-equilibrium defects and phases, and
evaluation of lifetime of nuclear structural materials.
(1)Fusion Blanket Materials: One of the critical issues
for construction of fusion power reactor is development
of neutron irradiation-resistant blanket materials.
Reduced activation martensitic steels (RAMS) have
been the prime candidate for fusion structural materials
for DEMO reactor where
structural materials are
expected to suffer transmutation helium induced
embrittlement during reactor operation. However, it is
still unclear the transmutation helium actually causes
embrittlement in the RAMSs.
(2)Lifetime
evaluation
of
nuclear
structural
materials:For more reliable and accurate lifetime
evaluation, it is necessary to understand the effects of
damage rate on performance of structural materials
under neutron irradiation. Effects of neutron flux on
irradiation embrittlement of materials have been
investigated.
2.
Fusion blanket materials
2.1 Formation energies of helium-void complexes in
iron: A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study
A molecular dynamics simulation study was
performed to investigate the nucleation process of
helium bubbles in α-iron. Interatomic potentials
employed here for the calculations were Ackland FS
potential, Wilson & Johnson potential and Beck
potential to describe interactions of Fe-Fe, Fe-He and
He-He, respectively. The Beck potential for He-He was,
in the present study, modified to connect with
Ziegler-Biersack-Littmark (ZBL) universal potential
that is appropriately describing for higher energy part of
the interaction.
The formation energies of interstitial and
substitutional helium atoms in α-iron are calculated to
be 5.25 and 3.25 eV, respectively. Such the extremely
high heat of solution of helium indicates very low
solubility in the metal. The MD simulation also shows
that, although the equilibrium atomic volume of fcc
helium is greater than that of iron, activation energy for
migration of an interstitial helium atom is very small in
the metal, which is calculated to be 0.078 eV. Therefore,
all helium atoms can rapidly migrate in the metal until
they are annihilated at the surface and grain boundary
sinks or are trapped by some defects, preferentially by
vacancy-type defects.
Fig. 1 plots the binding energies of helium atoms
(He, EHeb(I) (m,n)), helium-vacancy complexes (HeV,
EHeb(S) (m,n)) and vacancies (V, EVb(m,n)) to a
helium-vacancy cluster (HenVm) as a function of the
helium-to-vacancy ratios of the cluster. Following
Adams and Wolfer, the binding energies were defined
by the following equations,
E He b(I) (m, n) = E He I + E f (m, n − 1) − E f (m, n) ,
(5)
E V (m, n) = E V + E (m − 1, n) − E (m, n) ,
(6)
b
S
f
(4)
f
E He
b(S)
(m, n) = E He + E (m − 1, n − 1) − E (m, n) ,
f
f
f
where EHeI, EHeS, Evf and Ef(m, n) are the formation
energy of interstitial helium, substitutional helium, a
vacancy and a helium-vacancy cluster of m vacancies
with n helium atoms, respectively. The binding energies
of HeV and V to the cluster show basically an
increasing function of helium-to-vacancy ratios (i.e.,
helium density), while the He binding energy shows
basically a decreasing function.
Thermal helium desorption experiments during
annealing after 8 keV helium ion bombardment in pure
iron (Fig.2) show that the desorption peaks that appear
at around 750 K shift to lower temperatures with
increasing ion dose. The present calculation may
8
2.2 Helium ion implantation and thermal helium
desorption spectrometry (THDS) measurements
Helium binding
HeV binding
Vacancy binding
4
2
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Number of Helium Atoms per Vacancy
Fig. 3 Various binding energies as a function of helium-toFig.1
vacancy ratios.
22
1.0x10
III
1/1000
20
+
2
2x10 He /m
21
1.0x10
+
2
Helium Desorption Rate,φ/(He /m /sec)
suggest that this experimental desorption peak
corresponds to dissociation of interstitial helium atoms
from a helium-vacancy cluster, because the helium
binding is considered to be a decreasing function of ion
dose.
Except for the extremely higher helium density
regime, the HeV and V binding energies increase with
helium density. This is because removal of a vacancy
from a helium-vacancy cluster greatly increases the
helium density in the remaining cluster, which increases
the energy of the cluster. This effect of helium in
smaller helium-vacancy clusters can stabilize the
clusters and prevent their decay by thermal vacancy
V
20
1.0x10
IV
I
II
1/200
19
19
1.0x10
+
2
5x10 He /m
1/100
19
+
2
18
2x10 He /m
17
1/10
18
+
2
2x10 He /m
1.0x10
1.0x10
16
1.0x10
1/2
17
+
2
5x10 He /m
17
15
1.0x10
+
2
2x10 He /m
500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000
Temperatuer,T/K
Fig.2 Thermal desorption spectra of helium atoms released
from iron samples irradiated by 8 keV helium ions at room
temperature as a function of irradiation dose. The ramping
rate of temperature was constant at 1 K/sec.
emission.
For the significantly higher helium density above
about 5 He/vacancy, the dependence of the binding
energies on the helium density changes. In this density
regime, the HeV and V binding energies are a
decreasing function and the He binding energy is an
increasing function of helium density. These behaviors
may correspond to athermal production of SIAs and
acquiring of corresponding additional vacancies, which
results in a decrease in the actual helium density of the
cluster.
Thermal desorption measurements were performed
to investigate helium trapping in α-iron bombarded with
collimated, mass-analyzed beams of mono-energetic
He+ ions at room temperature. The incident energies
were 8 keV and 150 eV, where atomic displacement
damage does and does not take place in iron,
respectively. Prior to helium implantation, the samples
were plastically deformed by rolling at room
temperature, followed by annealing at temperatures of
673, 873, 1073 K during 2, 12, and 2 hours, respectively.
These samples are, hereafter, called as PR1, PR2 and FA,
respectively, and the as-rolled sample is called as CW.
The different thermal treatment after the rolling induces
the difference in dislocation densities of the samples:
Actually, the Vickers hardness of the samples was 180,
110, 74 and 62 for CW, PR1, PR2 and FA samples,
respectively.
Thermal helium desorption spectra (THDS) were
obtained as a function of the annealing temperature and
time during the thermal treatment after the rolling. Fig.
1 is the helium desorption spectra of the CW, PR1, PR2
and FA. For the CW, PR1 and PR2, a sharp peak
appeared at around 830K as shown in Fig. 1. As
dislocation density decreased, the peak height gradually
decreased. Therefore, this peak may correspond to
desorption of helium atoms trapped by dislocations.
TEM observation was performed on FA, PR1 and CW
samples to discuss the effects of dislocations on
nucleation of helium bubbles. Fig. 2 is the
microstructures of the CW, PR1 and FA, after helium
-2
1x10
Helium Desorption
Binding Energy(eV)
6
-3
8x10
150eV
-2
1x10
18
2
(CW)2x10 He/m
18
2
(PR1)2x10 He/m
18
2
(PR2)2x10 He/m
18
2
(FA)6x10 He/m
-3
8x10
8keV
18
2
(CW)2x10 He/m
18
2
(PR1)2x10 He/m
18
2
(PR2)2x10 He/m
18
2
(FA)2x10 He/m
-3
-3
6x10
-3
4x10
-3
2x10
6x10
-3
4x10
-3
2x10
0
0
400 600 800 1000
400 600 800 1000
Temperature,T/K
Temperature,T/K
Fig. 3
Helium desorption spectra of 150 eV, 8 keV
helium implanted into deformed, annealed α-irons
FA
PR1
CW
673K
10nm
10nm
873K
50nm
Fig. 4
Microstructures 19 of + α-iron
2
after TDS (Fluence : 2x10 He /m ）
3.1 Behavior of vacancy clusters on neutron
irradiation and post-irradiation annealing of Fe-Cu
Model Alloys
The reactor pressure vessel steels (RPVS) of early
plants often contain some amount of copper as one of
impurities. The copper-rich precipitates (CRP) and
matrix defect such as vacancy-cluster (VC) are formed
during neutron irradiation and are responsible for
irradiation hardening and/or embrittlement. In the
present study, we investigated effect of copper
concentration and damage rate on the formation of CRP
and VC in Fe-xCu model alloys.
Neutron irradiations were performed in the Japan
Material Test Reactor (JMTR) at 290°C up to a
displacement damage of 1.5 × 10-3 dpa, with different
damage rates of 4.5 × 10-9 dap/s (HDR; higher damage
rate) and 2.2 × 10-10 dap/s (LDR; lower damage rate).
Positron annihilation lifetime spectrometry (PAS) was
carried out for the irradiated Fe-xCu model alloys.
PAS results of two-components analysis are shown in
Table 1. The longer lifetime component (τ2) was only
observed in the pure iron and Fe-0.15Cu alloys
irradiated at the LDR condition, which indicates
formation of vacancy clusters. Since the PAS spectra of
Table 1 PAS results of two-component analysis and mean
Material
Dose Rate
τ1 (ps)
τ2 (ps)
Pure Fe
LDR HDR
133
ND
Fe-0.15Cu
LDR
HDR
122
ND
Fe-0.5Cu
LDR HDR
ND
ND
400
ND
255
ND
ND
ND
8
ND
32
ND
ND
ND
153
112
166
Intensity
of τ2 (%)
τm (ps)
140
142
144
(ND: Not Decomposed.)
3.2 Grain boundary segregation of phosphorus and
ductile-brittle transition behavior in reactor pressure
vessel steels
Irradiation embrittlement of RPVS can be classified
into irradiation hardening induced one and
non-hardening induced one. The former was mentioned
at section 3.1. The latter is thought to be mainly induced
by segregation of phosphorus (P) to grain boundary
(GB) in RPVS, because segregation of P to GB can
cause a change in the fracture mode from transgulanular
to intergranular. In the present study, effects of thermal
Phosphorus Peak Height Ratio (P123/Fe703)
3. Lifetime evaluation of nuclear structural materials
the other specimens could not be decomposed into
two-components, the mean lifetime, τm, was shown in
the table. The lifetime of longer component decreased
with increasing copper concentration, suggesting that
copper atoms suppressed growth of microvoids. On the
other hand, τ2 or microvoid was not observed in all the
alloys irradiated at the HDR condition.
These results indicates formation and growth of a
vacancy clusters are larger at the LDR condition than
the HDR condition.
0.25
o
400 C
o
450 C
o
500 C
as-received
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.1
1
10
100
Ageing time / h
1000 10000
Fig.5 Phosphorus peak height ratio versus Fe(P123/Fe 703) acquired by AES
20
o
Absorbed energy / J
implantation to 2x1019He+/m2 and subsequent heating
up to 673 and 873 K. The heating condition is the same
as THDS: The ramping rate of temperature was fixed at
1 K/sec. For 2x1019He+/m2, at all specimens, helium
bubbles were observed after heating up to 873 K, but
not observed after heating up to 673 K and helium
bubble density increased and helium bubble size
decreased as dislocation density decreased.
When there are dislocations enough in the matrix,
such as in the CW and PR1 samples, where the number
of helium bubbles is observed to be smaller, nucleation
of helium bubbles in the matrix may take place less
frequently than FA. This is probably because many
helium atoms are trapped at dislocations in the CW and
PR1 samples, resulting in less number of helium atoms
freely migrating in the matrix.
For 8keV helium implantation, it is considered that
micro voids are formed during heating. These micro
voids dissolve in the matrix near by 673 K, resulting in
large number of vacancies existing in the matrix. It is
indicated that the dissolved vacancies are trapped by
bubble nucleus. Therefore, for CW and PR1 samples,
such as a small number of bubble nucleus, bubble
growing may occur more frequently than FA sample.
15
10
400 C ; 3000h
o
450 C ; 3000h
o
500 C ; 1000h
as-received
5
0
50
100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Temperature / K
Fig.6 Ductile-brittle transition curve of post thermal ageing A533B
equilibrium segregation and irradiation-enhanced
segregation of P to GB in A533B RPVS on mechanical
properties have been studied.
Thermal ageing was carried out for A533B including
0.011 wt% P in the temperatures of 400, 450 and 500ºC
for 1000 and 3000 h. Auger electron spectroscopy
(AES) was used to measure P content on GB. Charpy
impact test was carried out for one-third size specimens.
As shown in Fig.1, AES revealed that P123 peak
height ratio versus Fe703 (PHR) was about 0.07 for
as-received specimen and about 0.14 for thermal-aged
specimen at 450ºC for 3000 h, respectively. Fig. 2
shows ductile-brittle transition curves from Charpy
impact tests for as-received and thermal-aged
specimens.
It indicates that segregation of P on GB up to PHR ≈
0.14 had no effect on shift in DBTT under thermal
ageing. It is needed to carry out Charpy impact tests for
longer-aged specimens. We also performed neutron
irradiation in JMTR to investigate effect of
irradiation-enhanced segregation of P on irradiation
embrittlement. Post-irradiation experiments will be done
in this year.
3.3 Stress corrosion cracking of welded SUS304
stainless steel
Susceptibility to intergranular stress corrosion
cracking (IGSCC) of welded core shroud made of
unstable 304 stainless steel was investigated for small
specimens sampled from different locations in the heat
affected zone (HAZ). Small tensile specimens for slow
strain rate test (SSRT) were fabricated from a welded
thick plate for actual plant use. The SSRT was
performed at a strain rate of 1 x 10-6/s in 563K water
with dissolution of 7 - 9 ppm oxygen.
The susceptibility to IGSCC depends on sampling
location, the distance from fusion boundary and distance
from shroud surfaces. Among specimens sampled from
near outer portion of the shroud, the specimen located at
a position about 10mm away from the fusion boundary
showed a high susceptibility to SCC. At the middle
portion of the shroud, the position 4mm away from the
boundary showed the highest susceptibility. As for
specimens sampled from the inner portion of the shroud,
all the specimens showed no IGSCC but cleavage
cracking.
Microstructural examinations by transmission
electron microscope revealed that in the specimens
showing high susceptibility, a number of martensitic
phases were observed. The factors controlling
susceptibility to SCC of welded 304 shroud may be
related with the equivalent chromium and nickel
concentration.
3.4 Examination of the piece size effect of an
examination of the impact property in limited
element analysis
Subsize Charpy V-notch specimens have been
proposed as a reasonable alternative to the ASTM
standard full size Charpy specimens for the surveillance
of nuclear reactor pressure vessels. The choice of
subsize Charpy specimens would permit the placement
of a sufficiently large number of specimens near the
reactor pressure vessel for the purpose of monitoring its
embrittlement throughout its lifetime. The choice of
subsize specimens would not only increase the number
of surveillance specimens that could be placed near the
reactor pressure vessel, but it would also increase the
uniformity of temperature and neutron fluence among
the surveillance specimens.
The choice of subsize surveillance specimens
necessitates the development of methodologies for the
prediction of the upper shelf energy of full size Charpy
V-notch specimens based on subsize data. Numerous
investigations have been carried out in the past to
develop such methodologies for this so-called size
effects problem. These methodologies, however, are not
applicable at all ductility levels of irradiated reactor
materials.
The Finite Element
Method (FEM) has been
widely employed for the
solution problems in
linear
elastic
and
Fig. 7 Stress (Sxx) distribution
elastic-plastic
fracture
problems. To elucidate the size effect problem, this
finite element modeling for the Charpy impact test of
three different sizes (full size : 10x10x55mm, 1/3size:
3.3x3.3x23.5mm, 1.5size: 1.5x1.5x20mm) of specimens
have been undertaken. For this simulation material
properties of specimens such as yield stress and
hardening exponents were obtained by tensile
experiments. Comparing this FEM results and CVN
experimental results, the stress condition at the crack
front and the energy release rate on the initiation of
brittle fracture are investigated. And that the energy
change rate at the brittle fracture initiation displacement
are nearly constant for various temperature conditions
are obtained. Further investigations are needed to
establish certain relation of this constancy and the size
effect.
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Complex Plasma System Research Section
F. Sano, Professor
K. Hanatani, Associate Professor
H. Okada, Research Associate
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Clean Energy Conversion Research Section
H. Ihara, Visiting Professor
(Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry,
Kumamoto University)
1. Introduction
A considerable increase in world wide energy
consumption is expected over the next decades but there
is also the necessity to cut down on the use of fossil fuel
in the near future, not least because of the greenhouse
effect. Strenuous efforts must be made to improve the
efficiency of power generation, and to make progress
with energy conservation and "renewable" energy
sources (like wind, water and solar devices).
On the other hand, we can encounter unpredictably
special behaviors in chemistry when atoms or molecules
are standing in regular order. We often call these
phenomena "supramolecules" or "supramolecular
functions". Also it is known that "biosystems" are
composed of many types of "supramolecules". If you
believe that "mother-nature is our teacher", to understand
"supramolecular
functions"
and
to
create
"supramolecules" will be one of the short-cut pathways
to create bio- or biomimetic-systems for key-technology
of energy. To ensure a sufficient supply of energy for
future generations, an extensive and long-term research
and development program is needed, which should
include all possible options for sustainable energy
production. In this sense, construction of new devices
for environmental science including the materials
development for clean energy conversion systems based
on novel nano-technology and novel supramolecular
chemistry is so meaningful task. In this respect, our
group wants to realize supramolecular functions from
simple molecular systems. My short visits at IAE in
FY2001 have enhanced our projects through discussion
with Prof. K. Ohkubo and his colleagues at Kyoto
University. In this report, our recent progress on
selected research projects is summarized as follows.
2. HPLC adsorbents chemical sensors
Macrocyclic structures often yield supramolecular
function in host-guest chemistry.
Crown ethers,
cyclodextrins and calixarenes are their typical examples.
Especially, it should be noted that weak interactions can
be enhanced by conformational effect through the rigid
structures and thus extremely large binding constants
have been often realized beyond their corresponding
non-cyclic compounds. However, the rigidity of cyclic
structures prevents to control the function.
To
overcome this dilemma, many modified macrocyclic
compounds have been synthesized. One of the most
succeeded examples is shown in photosensitive crown
ethers such as azobenzene-capped derivatives. The
binding constants against metal ions are critically
changed through photo-induced trans-cis transformation
of an azobenzene moiety. On the other hand, we know
that supramolecular functions in biosystems can be
realized by inter- or intramolecular orientations of
functional groups in non-cyclic polymers and this is
easily controllable by external factors. From these
viewpoints, we have had an interest in poly(long-chain
alkyl acrylate) as a non-cyclic linear polymer because
their carbonyl groups can work as π-π interaction
sources to aromatic guest molecules and the polymers
undergo temperature-dependent crystalline-to-isotropic
phase transition.
I describe in this section that
poly(octadecyl acrylate) in a crystalline state shows
unique molecular-shape selectivity for polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons and this selectivity can be
controlled through the phase transition.
To evaluate the molecular recognition ability, we
synthesized poly(octadecyl acrylate) with a reactive
trimethoxysilyl group at one side of the terminal group
according to the telomerization method. The polymer
was grafted onto porous silica and then packed into a
stainless-steel column. The selectivity was evaluated
by the retention time of guest molecules in the column
liquid chromatography. The retention factors (k') and
separation factors (α) for various polyaromatic
hydrocarbons with silica-supported poly(octadecyl
acrylate), Sil-ODA23 (average degree of polymerization,
23; immobilization, 19.9 wt%) have been investigated.
All the guest molecules used are planar compounds. As
a result, the slender and longer molecules such as
pentacene (PC) and naphthacene (NC) show much larger
retentions (k') than the corresponding bending molecules
such as dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DBA) and chrysene
(CS). In general, k'-increase with increase of the
number of carbon atoms is understandable by
hydrophobic effect when a polar solvent is used as a
mobile phase. On the contrary, it cannot explain both
the extremely long retention (k' = 41.4) in pentacene and
the large separation factors (α = 17.6 in k'PC/k'NC and 9.4
in k'PC/k'DBC) because of the small values in
simply-hydrophobized silica, ODS. Examining the
temperature dependence can furthermore emphasize
these abnormalities of ODA23. The α-temperature plots
showed distinct bending points at temperature around
35-40 ˚C. For example, remarkable increase of α in
k'PC/k'DBC is observed at temperature below 35 ˚C (α =
9.4 at 5 ˚C), but small and almost constant at temperature
above 40 ˚C (α = 1.6 at 60 ˚C). The bending point
almost agree with the phase transition temperature
between crystalline and isotropic states (a peak-top
temperature, Tc = 32 ˚C in ethanol) measured by
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
The
crystallization of ODAn at temperature below Tc was also
confirmed by following results: (1) νC-H was detected
at 2920 cm-1 by an FTIR measurement and (2)
remarkable broadening of long-chain alkyl H-signal was
observed by 1H NMR spectroscopy with a Nanoprobe
from Varian, Inc. These results indicate that the
abnormal behaviors are detected only at temperature,
which the immobilized ODA23 is in a highly oriented
state. As supported by this, ODS which is always in an
isotropic state showed very small k' and α independent
of temperature: α = 1.1-1.0 at 5-60 ˚C. These small
values in ODS indicate that the octadecyl group provides
small contribution to the selectivity and that the
crystalline ODA23 provides a specific binding site
against long and slender compounds such as pentacene.
As supported by this, the similar molecular-slenderness
selectivity showing larger than those in ODS were
observed in the other structural isomers between
naphthacene and chrysene (dibenzo[a,h]naphthalene)
and between p- and m-terphenyls: at 5 ˚C, α = 1.81 and
2.5 in Sil-ODA23; 1.12 and 1.15 in ODS.
The structural difference of the organic phases
between Sil-ODA23 and ODS can be characterized by
carbonyl groups in ODA23. Therefore, the interaction
between the carbonyl groups and the aromatic rings of
guest molecules should be discussed. As supported by
this, it was confirmed that use of acetone as a carbonyl
group-including solvent reduced both the retention factor
and the selectivity while 2-propanol did not effect. In
addition, theoretical discussion has been done in a model
system of formaldehyde-benzene complex by ab initio
MO calculation optimized with the MP2/6-31G* method.
The binding energy was calculated to be 2.83 kcal mol-1
(2.80 Å) without correction of basis set superposition
error (BSSE) and 1.86 kcal mol-1 (2.90 Å) with BSSE
correction. This binding energies are significant to
consider because it is greater than the CH-π interaction
in the methane-benzene complex (0.57 kcal mol-1) and in
a similar extent to the π-π interaction in the
benzene-benzene complex (0.49 and 1.78 kcal mol-1 in
the plane-to-plane and plane-to-edge stackings,
respectively).
Thus I have shown distinct molecular-shape
recognition against polyaromatic hydrocarbons by
crystalline polymer. I have also described that this is
through a carbonyl-π interaction and that the recognition
ability is extremely enhanced by the molecular
orientation of the polymer.
3. Functional organogels
It is known that special synthetic lipids work as
gelators for organic solutions through network formation
with fibrous aggregates. Hydrogen bonding interaction
among lipids is useful as a driving force for molecular
aggregation and orientation. Therefore, many types of
peptide- or saccharide-derivatives have been applied as
organic gelators. I have found unique functions of an
L-glutamic acid-derived moiety with three amide
bondings per molecule since 1984. Some of them can
form suprastructural aggregates such as nano-helices and
-tubes based on bilayer structures in aqueous systems
and the other ones work as organic gelators. In this
section, I introduce a novel lipophilic gelator,
characterized by chelating ability of an isoquinoline (Qn)
moiety at the head group.
The Qn-containing lipid worked as gelators in
organic solutions such as benzene, toluene, cyclohexane,
ethanol, and their mixtures at room temperature. The
critical gelation concentration (cgc) was estimated to be
between 1-5 mM in the case of benzene. TEM and
SEM observations indicated that the gelation was
induced through network formation with well-developed
fibrous aggregates but that they were detected at the
lower concentration than cgc. As supported this,
extremely enhanced chirality moiety was observed from
the circular dichroism (CD) spectra at the concentration
below cgc. The concentration dependency on the
molecular ellipticity in the CD spectra indicated that the
critical aggregation concentration (cac) were close to 0.3
mM and 0.05 mM in benzene and cyclohexane at room
temperature. In addition, thermally induced gel-to-sol
transition was confirmed by detection of an endothermic
peak in DSC and drastic change of CD spectra at
temperatures around the phase transition temperature.
Addition of metal ions provided unique stress against the
Qn-lipid-aggregates in organic media. For example,
complexation was confirmed by detection of λmax-shift of
Qn. In the case of Cu2+, the aggregation morphology
was not almost influenced while new cotton effects
appeared in CD. On the contrary, addition of Co3+
induced collapse of a gel state with remarkable decrease
of molecular ellipticity. Therefore, Qn-containing lipid
can form not only highly-oriented aggregates like lipid
bilayer membranes in organic systems, but also the
aggregation morphology and the chirality can be
controlled by complexation at the head groups.
4. Conclusions
The academic activities at IAE based on promising
facilities are absolutely excellent. Although my staying
at IAE is not enough to get conclusive results, but it is a
good chance to initiate and to enhance our collaborations
between Prof. Ohkubo’s group and ours.
Advanced Energy Conversion Division
Clean Energy Conversion Research Section
H.Yamada, Visiting Associate Professor
(Associate Professor, Department of Large Helical Device Project,
National Institute for Fusion Science)
of confinement deep in the collisionless regime
(ν*<0.1).
2. Global Characteristics of Energy Confinement
Time of Large Net Current-Free Plasmas
The magnetic configuration with the inward shifted
magnetic axis had been considered to lie in an
unfavorable regime for interchange instabilities due to a
prominent magnetic hill while the helical ripple
structure is very favorable for fast ion confinement as
well as mitigation of neoclassical transport. Figure 1
schematizes the effect of magnetic axis position on
MHD stability and transport. A Mercier-unstable region
occupies a major region at the magnetic axis position
Rax of 3.6 m. While this analysis has been based on a
model pressure profile, a local pressure gradient was
supposed to be determined by a combination of MHD
instability and related transport. Neoclassical transport
due to helical ripples can be greatly mitigated by
tailoring the magnetic field structure, in other words,
combination of multi-helicity. A theoretical model of
ballooning/interchange mode turbulence also predicts a
geometrical effect of magnetic well and shear on
anomalous transport. A compromise between the MHD
Anomalous
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.5
Mercier
unstable
Neoclassical
3.6
3.8
Rax (m)
0
4.0
Transport factor (A.U.)
1.0
Mercier-unstable
region (ρ)
1. Introduction
Understanding of high temperature plasmas towards
nuclear fusion has progressed in the experimental
studies in the Large Helical Device (LHD). LHD was
planned based on the pioneering work of the
heliotron-line in Kyoto University. The LHD project is
aimed at clarification of physical mechanisms in net
current-free plasmas close to reactor conditions and
demonstration of the technology required for
steady-state operation by the heliotron concept. The
large dimensions of a nominal major radius R and a
minor radius a of 3.9 m and 0.6 m, respectively, and the
strong magnetic field ( ≈ 3 T) have extended the
operational envelopes in non-dimensional physical
parameters as well as in absolute values from the
medium-sized
helical
experiments.
Physics
achievements have been steadily obtained along with the
progress in heating power and reliable operation of the
superconducting magnets.
Recent experimental results in LHD have indicated
that a large pressure gradient can be formed beyond the
stability criterion for the Mercier (high-n) mode. While
stability against an interchange mode is violated in the
inward shifted configuration due to enhancement of
magnetic hill, in contrast neoclassical transport and
confinement of high energetic particle are improved by
this inward shift. Mitigation of the unfavorable effects
of MHD instability has led to a significant extension of
the operational regime. Achievements of the stored
energy of 1 MJ and the volume averaged beta of 3 % are
representative results from this finding. A confinement
enhancement factor above the international stellarator
scaling ISS95 is also maintained around 1.5 towards
<β> of 3%. Configuration studies on confinement and
MHD characteristics emphasize superiority of the
inward shifted geometry to other geometries. The
emergence of coherent modes looks consistent with the
linear ideal MHD theory, however, the inward shifted
configuration has reduced heat transport in spite of a
larger amplitude of magnetic fluctuation than the
outward shifted configuration. While neoclassical
helical ripple transport becomes visible for the outward
shifted configuration in the collisionless regime, the
inward shifted configuration does not show degradation
Fig.1 Mercier unstable region and diffusion
coefficients of a neoclassical transport and an
anomalous transport model as a function of
the magnetic axis position. Here pressure
profile of p=p0(1-ρ2)(1-ρ8) with <β> = 1% is
assumed for evaluation of the Mercier
criterion.
ion collisionality is similar to this since generally Te ~ Ti
in NBI heated plasmas. While parametric dependence of
the energy confinement time is similar to that of the
ISS95 scaling, the case with the inward shifted magnetic
axis of Rax=3.6m has shown a systematic improvement
by a factor of 1.5-1.6 on the ISS95 scaling. The
dependence of the energy confinement time on a
normalized gyro-radius is located between Bohm and
gyro-Bohm. Although the anomaly of local electron heat
conduction with respect to an estimate from neoclassical
theory has been on the order of 10 to 100 in NBI heated
plasmas in the past medium-sized experiments, the
anomaly in LHD plasmas is reduced to the order of
unity.
Neoclassical transport itself is of importance in the
collisionless regime and its qualitative evaluation is also
prerequisite to an investigation of anomalous transport.
The helical ripple transport is enhanced in the
collisionless regime in inverse proportion to ν*,
however, it can be controlled by tailoring multi-helicity .
The inward shifted configuration reduces the
neoclassical transport by localizing helical ripples on the
inboard side. A reduction of one order of magnitude is
expected between the available configurations for Rax=
3.55 m and Rax= 4.0 m. Although the neoclassical
transport exists invariably, it was not reflected by the
data yielding the ISS95 scaling where plasmas are
collisional and anomalous transport predominates
confinement. In the present study, the plasmas which
enter deep in the collisionless regime (ν*<<1) are
investigated. Figure 2 shows the dependence of the
confinement enhancement factor on collisionality. The
ISS95 scaling itself does not have collisionality
dependence like τ E Ω ∝ ρ *−2.71 ν *−0.04 β −0.16 where ρ*
and Ω are the normalized gyro radius and the ion
gyro-fequency, respectively. The inward shifted
configuration with Rax ≤ 3.6 m has no significant or even
slight negative dependence on ν* even in deep a
τEexp / τEISS95
stability and transport, and suppression of unfavorable
helical ripple transport in a collisionless regime have
been the most important concerns in the recent
experimental campaign in LHD. The experimental
observation has indicated that the plasma in the inward
shifted configuration represents neither any global
destruction nor any significant degradation of
confinement even in the Mercier unstable region
although the resonant fluctuations emerge as expected
from the ideal MHD theory. The energy confinement in
this inward shifted configuration has been proved to be
50 % larger than the international stellrator scaling 95
(ISS95). Consequently, two major achievements in
performance have been obtained in the recent
experimental campaign. The one is that the stored
energy has exceeded 1 MJ and the other is that the
volume averaged beta value <β> has ranged to 3 %.
Net current-free plasmas confined in LHD has entered
the collisionless regime (ν*<1). Here collisionality ν* is
defined by ν* = 2 Rqν ei / vthe ε1.5 for electrons, and the
100
10-1
Rax=3.55m
Rax=3.6m
Rax=3.65m
Rax=3.75m
Rax=3.9m
10-1
100
ν*
101
Fig.2 Confinement improvement factor on ISS95 as
a function of collisionality for different
magnetic axes.
collisionless regime. In contrast, the outward shifted
configuration clearly shows declination in low
collisionality. The data of the case with Rax =3.6 m alone
gives the scaling shows the density dependence
−0.60 ± 0.01 0.47 ± 0.02 0.75 ± 0.02
which is similar to the
τ E ∝ Pabs
ne
B
ISS95 scaling. Here Pabs ne ,B are the absorbed heating
power, the line averaged density, and the magnetic field
strength, respectively. This expression can be rephrased
in τ E Ω ∝ ρ *−2.44± 0.08 ν *−0.12± 0.02 β −0.04± 0.05 . Even if the
data in the collisionless regime ( ν*<1 ) are processed,
this expression does not show any significant change:
τ E Ω ∝ ρ *−2.44± 0.14 ν *−0.13±0.08 β −0.03±0.09 . As predicted from
the tendency seen in Fig.1(a), the ν* dependence comes
out for the outward shifted configuration. The
dependence τ E Ω ∝ ν *0.20±0.03 is obtained for ν* < 2 in
the case with Rax= 3.75 m and it becomes stronger for
the case with Rax = 3.9 m: τ E Ω ∝ ν *0.57±0.10 . The local
power balance analysis indicates that the neoclassical
heat conduction is more than a half of the experimental
value in the plasmas with ν*~1 in the case with Rax=
3.75 m. Although clear views of quantitative estimate of
neoclassical transport as well as accuracy of
experimental measurements are not complete, the
observed degradation of confinement in the collisionless
regime which is enhanced in the outward shifted
configuration may be attributed to a neoclassical helical
ripple transport. In other words, no effect of neoclassical
helical ripple transport has been observed and
anomalous transport still dominates energy confinement
in the inward shifted configuration down to ν*<0.1. The
geometrical optimization for neoclassical helical ripple
transport has been successfully demonstrated.
The next question is whether difference in
neoclassical transport can explain superiority of the
inward shifted configuration to the outward one or not.
in LHD also have indicated that the favorable density
dependence saturates at a certain density under specific
conditions.
Saturation of the energy confinement time with the
increase in density has been observed in gas-fueled
NBI-heated plasmas in this magnetic configuration
Rax=3.6m Gaspuff
Rax=3.75m Gaspuff
Rax=3.6m Pellet
Rax=3.75m Pellet
Single discharge
with density ramp
by gaspuff
0.2
τE (s)
Certainly the neoclassical transport expands the gap
between them in the collisionless regime. However,
better confinement can be seen as well in the collisional
regime where the helical ripple transport becomes small
and an anomalous transport determines confinement.
The example of reduce heat conduction will be shown in
the later section.
A finite beta effect on confinement, in particular, in
the magnetic configuration with Rax= 3.6 m is also a
major issue since this geometry has unfavorable
characteristics from the aspect of MHD stability and the
outward Shafranov shift changes magnetic geometry.
The dependence of global energy confinement on beta is
plotted in Fig.3 for the case with Rax= 3.6 m. A
systematic degradation has not been observed up to <β>
of 3 %.
0.1
2.5
PNBI = 4-4.5MW
B=2.8T(R ax=3.6m),2.64T(3.75m)
0
0
1.5
0.5
E
e
the gyro-Bohm local heat conduction as χ ∝ T 3 / 2 or the
Bohm as χ ∝ T , respectively. The favorable density
dependence observed in LHD is of importance with the
prospect of net current-free plasmas with high
confinement and high β due to high density operation.
Since the density dependence of the global confinement
and the temperature dependence of the local transport
are two sides of the same physical mechanism, it is also
attracting much interest to the physics issue of
anomalous transport. However, the existence of this
kind of density dependence and its disappearance have
been reported from many toroidal experiments. Recent
experiments employing a wide range of heating power
6
Wp
400
_
ne
200
4
2
0
10
0
5.0
Pabs
2.5
0
3
Hα
5
Prad
0
0.9
Te(0)
0.6
2
Ti(0)
1
Te(0.9)
0.3
0
2
0
0.2
τE
0.1
0
τEexp/τEISS95
1
Hα (A.U.) Te(0.9) (keV) τEexp/τEISS95
3. Response of Electron Temperature Profile to Heat
Deposition Profile
Significant density dependence of the energy
confinement time as described in the ISS95 scaling has
been demonstrated in the extended parameter regimes in
LHD. When the plasma profiles are fixed, the density
dependence of the energy confinement time, i.e.,
τ ∝ ( n / P ) 0.6 or τ ∝ ( n / P ) 0.5 can be interpreted by
wp(kJ)
3
P (MW)
β (%)
2
T(0) (keV)
1
600
ne (1019m-3)
8
800
Fig.3 Confinement improvement factor as a function
of the volume averaged beta.
e
15
_
1.0
0
0
E
5_
10
19
ne (10 m-3)
Fig.4 Dependence of energy confinement time on
density. Closed squares show the data from
time slices in gradual density ramp by
gas-puffing.
τE(s)
τEexp / τEISS95
2.0
2
3
1
0
4
time (s)
Fig.5 Waveforms of the discharge with density
ramping-up. Top:Stored energy and line
averaged density. 2nd top: Absorbed power of
NBI, total radiation power, and Hα emission.
3nd top: Central electron and ion
temperatures, and electron temperature at
r=0.9. Bottom: Energy confinement time and
improvement factor on ISS95.
χeff at ρ=0.5
2.0
χeff at ρ=0.9
χeff (m2/s)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
0
0.5
1.0
Te (keV)
1.5
Fig.6 Heat conduction coefficients at time
slices shown in closed squares in Fig.4.
1.0
Counter
Co
0.5
e
completely, the local heat conduction coefficient shows
a clear temperature dependence with the power of 1.0 to
1.6 (see Fig.6). Although the discussion whether Bohm
or gyro-Bohm it is requires clarification of the
dependence on the magnetic field strength, the essential
point is that the apparent contradiction between the
global confinement and the local transport can be
attributed to the change of the heat deposition profile.
The high density operation prevents the deep penetration
of tangentially injected neutral beams and heat
deposition moves from the core to the periphery. This
tendency is emphasized with the inward-shifted
magnetic axis and the broad density profile due to
gas-puffing particularly in the ramp-up phase. The
peaked density profile realized by pellet fueling
promotes the core heating and recovers the intrinsic
density dependence. The heat deposition profile does
not depend on the heating power itself, but becomes
broader with a weaker magnetic field because of the
larger drifts of fast ions. These observations indicate that
the temperature profile changes straight-forwardly
according to the heat deposition profile.
This straight-forward change of the profiles which is
in contrast to stiffness or profile consistency can be also
seen in other situations. The NBI heat deposition
profiles are different in the cases of counter-injection
and co-injection. In the counter case, the deposition
profile is broader than in the co case, due to worse orbits.
This difference is enhanced with low magnetic fields
and indeed a flat temperature profile in the core region
is observed in the case of counter-injection (see Fig.7).
T (keV)
Rax=3.6m (see open circles in Fig.4). Excess gas-puffing
to increase density shrinks the plasma and degrades the
performance; however, the saturation of the energy
confinement has been found well below this condition.
The saturated state can be sustained in a quasi-steady
state and radiation loss does not play an essential role.
The saturation density does not depend on the heating
power significantly and shows a weak dependence on
the magnetic field strength. The saturation or
degradation of confinement is distinguished in the
density ramp-up phase by gas-puffing in a single
discharge (see Fig.5). The closed squares in Fig.4 show
time slices every 0.5s of the discharge illustrated in
Fig.5. In contrast to the case with Rax=3.6m, the density
dependence of gas-fueled plasmas is sustained in the
high density regime close to the detachment of the
plasma in the case with Rax=3.75m (see triangles in
Fig.4). The favorable density dependence can be
extended towards much higher density by pellet fueling
(see closed circles and triangles in Fig.4) in both cases.
The local heat transport is investigated for time slices in
the density ramp-up phase with Rax=3.6m. Although the
density dependence going as τ E ∝ ne0.6 is lost
R =3.6m, B=1.3T
ax
P
0
Fig.7
0
=1.8MW
NBI
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
ρ
Electron temperature profile in the cases
with counter (open circles) and co
(closed circles) injections.
The temperature dependent local transport, which is
different from the critical gradient model, is observed
widely in NBI heated plasmas in so far as we compare
discharges with the same magnetic configuration and
similar profiles in LHD. However, comprehensive
understanding of the effects of the different magnetic
axis and the prominent changes of the profiles has not
been obtained yet.
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Chemical Reaction Complex Processes Research Section
Y. H. Ogata, Professor
T. Sakka, Associate Professor
D. Hamm, Research Associate
1. Introduction
The use of light in chemical systems is very important in energy technology, such as light energy conversion to chemical energy. Electrochemical aspects are
also important to control the reaction at the interfaces.
We have been studied the mechanism of the formation
of porous silicon, metal deposition on silicon surfaces,
laser ablation of solid surfaces, etc. These subjects were
further pursued in this academic year, and we obtained
several new results.
Followings are the summary of our research in the
year 2001. The analysis of the laser ablation species was
described in section 2. In this section we first show that
the analysis of self-reversed emission line profile can
determine the spatial population distribution of laser
ablation species in air atmosphere. Then the results obtained for the behavior of laser ablation species in liquid
is described. The imaging of the light emission from the
ablation species as well as the emission spectroscopy
was used. In section 3 the study performed on the metal
deposition onto silicon surfaces is introduced. There we
give two specific subjects, i. e., (1) immersion plating of
metals onto porous silicon in various solutions and (2)
photo-assisted spatially-selective nickel deposition on a
silicon surface. Finally in section 4 we give various
morphologies obtained by the etching of porous silicon
in basic solution.
2. Analysis of laser ablation species
Spatial distribution of laser ablation species determined by self-reversed emission line profile
We proposed a new method for determining the spatial distribution of population densities for the species in
laser-produced plasma. Our method relies on the parameter fittings of the experimentally observed
self-reversed emission profiles to the model which is
based on the calculation of one-dimensional radiative
transfer. The radiative transfer equation integrates not
only the emission but also the absorption along the line
of observation, and therefore, the calculation should
reproduce the observation intensity correctly with the
modification of the self-absorption effects taken into
account. The plasma electron density, populations of the
atomic levels involved in the transition, and their spatial
distribution were considered to be the fitting parameters.
Since the density of plasma electrons has a spatial dependence, Stark shifts and broadenings are incorporated
in a position-sensitive manner. We have specifically
applied it to the laser-ablated Al plasma in air, where
Al(I) 2Po-2S emission line is employed for the analysis.
In this specific example, we found that the accuracy of
the fittings is significantly improved due to the presence
of two emission lines originating from the fine-structure,
i. e., 2Po1/2-2S1/2 and 2Po3/2-2S1/2. In particular the depth of
the self-reversed structure turns out to be very sensitive
to the position-dependent upper and lower level populations, which enables us to accurately determine the spatial variation of the laser-ablated species in these states.
Furthermore, the calculated profile is almost unchanged
with temperatures employed for fittings. This means that
the present method gives reliable values of the parameters for the spatial distributions, even if the temperature
is not precisely known.
Our model successfully reproduced the spectra of the
fine-structure doublet from Al atoms in the ablation
plume. We have found that different parameters mainly
contribute to different spectral features; (1) the
self-reversal depth was mainly related to the spatial distribution of the emitters and absorbers, (2) the line shift
was directly related to the plasma electron density, and
(3) the intensity ratio of the fine-structure doublet was
strongly related to the optical thickness or the population density. Our systematic analysis presented in this
work has confirmed that the spatial distribution of the
plasma parameters and atomic populations, which are
very difficult to determine otherwise, can be accurately
estimated by fitting the parameters in the model to the
experimental self-reversed spectra. Finally, we would
like to note that the present method is applicable at any
delay time, and therefore, it will contribute to the analysis of the dynamical aspects of laser-produced plasma.
P
P
Laser ablation of graphite submerged in water:
Vibrational temperature of C2 molecules.
3. Metal Deposition on a Silicon Surface
Immersion Plating of Metals onto Porous Silicon
in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions
21ns
intensity (au)
Observation of the light emitting region produced by
pulsed laser irradiation to a solid-liquid interface.
Imaging of the light-emitting region produced by
pulsed laser irradiation to a graphite-water interface was
performed at various time delays after the pulse. The
duration of the light emission was about 100 ns, which
was much shorter than that in air (more than 1000 ns).
The images of the light emitting region observed by
intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) are shown in
Fig. 2-1. Also the intensity profiles are plotted in Fig.
2-2. It is seen from the figures that the lateral size of the
light emitting region measured by half-maximum intensity was about 0.15 mm and was almost constant within
the time range of the observation, i. e., from 21 ns to
100 ns. We also measured similar images in case of the
irradiation in air atmosphere, and found that the size in
Fig. 2-1 was one tenth of the maximum size obtained by
the experiments carried out in air atmosphere. This is
due to the covering effect of the water, which does not
allow the ablation species to expand freely.
By assuming that all the ablation species are confined
in the light emitting region, we can calculate the density
of this region, where the amount of the ablation species
was estimated from the volume of the hole left on the
surface. Furthermore, by assuming an appropriate temperature, the pressure of this region can be calculated.
The results show the density as high as 6.7×1019 cm-3
and the pressure as high as 0.7 GPa. The results give us
important information on the covering effect of water
upon the expansion of the ejected species.
Fig. 2-1. Images of the light emitting region
produced by pulsed laser irradiation to graphite-water interface.
(a)
60ns
80ns
40ns
100ns
depth (μm)
Emission spectra of C2 molecules produced at the
water-graphite interface by pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation were obtained at various delay time from the
irradiation. Vibrational temperature was determined by
the Boltzmann plot based on the intensities of the vibrational bands in Δν =-1 branch of the Swan system. The
results showed that the vibrational temperature was ca.
5000 K and did not change significantly with the delay
time. On the other hand the intensity of the emission
decreases with increasing delay time. At ca. 500 ns the
signal from the Swan band became lower than the detection limit, while the vibrational temperature was still
as high as 5000 K.
The results were explained by the formation of a gas
cavity between the target and liquid, and its collapse at
several hundreds of nanosecond after the laser pulse. As
long as the gas cavity is present C2 molecules show the
vibrational temperature as high as 5000 K. The mechanism determining the vibrational temperature seems to
be rather complicated and further work is required to
clarify this point.
0
-50
-100
(b)
-200
0
200
distance (μm)
Fig. 2-2. (a) Intensity profile of the emission
from the ablation species. (b)The depth of the
hole left on the surface.
It is important to create a good electrical contact
between porous silicon (PS) and metal to realize the
potential applications in microelectronics industries. An
immersion-plating method is advantageous because it
has the virtue of simplicity and low cost operations. This
study reports on the immersion plating of metals (Ag,
Cu, Ni) onto a PS layer from aqueous and nonaqueous
solutions, with the aim to compare and understand the
different deposition behavior of each metal and to investigate the effect of residual water in nonaqueous solutions on the anodic reaction of the process.
PS was prepared from a p-type Si (100) wafer (10-20
Ωcm) by anodization in 20 wt% HF alcoholic solution.
Immersion plating behavior of Ag, Cu and Ni onto PS
was investigated. PS samples were immersed in solutions containing the metal ions (10-2 M or lower).
Ag metal was deposited from aqueous solution containing Ag+ ions while progress of Cu deposition depends upon the type of salt used: CuSO4 deposits Cu,
CuCl2 inhibits deposition whereas no Cu was detected
from Cu(NO3)2 aqueous solution. In nonaqueous solutions, Ag and Cu were deposited from the MeOH solution containing metal ions, but in contrast no metal was
detected from the MeCN solution containing either Ag+
or Cu2+. The inhibition effect of CuCl2 was also observed in nonaqueous solution. Ni could not be deposited onto PS in aqueous nor nonaqueous solutions. The
oxidation of PS to SiO2 was observed by FTIR spectra
even in the case.
The different deposition behavior can be related to
the different electrode potential of each metal. Nickel
has the most negative electrode potential and therefore
the reduction of nickel ions on PS surface is not favored.
On the contrary, the potentials of both Cu2+/Cu and
Ag+/Ag couples are more positive than that of Ni and
consequently the reduction of the metal ions is more
easy. On the other hand, absence of Cu deposition from
Cu(NO3)2 solution is due to that NO3– ion is thermodynamically easier to be reduced than Cu2+. In addition,
nitrate ions can oxidize silicon, resulting in absence of
Cu deposition.
The rest potential of the PS in Ag+-nonaqueous solutions shows that the rest potential in the MeOH solution,
from which Ag was deposited, stays at less noble (negative) value, while the value in the MeCN solution shifts
to noble (positive) direction indicating the unfavorable
Ag deposition. The same behavior of potential shift was
observed in the copper system. The potential shift in
case of the MeCN solution may be due to a complex
formation.
The average level of residual water was 30-50 ppm
in Cu2+-MeOH solutions. The concentration of 50 ppm
water content corresponds to about 2 × 10–3 M and
hence, the water concentration in the organic solutions
cannot be neglected, because the concentration of Ni
ions used is in the order of 10–2 M. Further, the current-potential curves revealed that MeOH exhibits a
wide electrochemical potential window during the
measurements. This suggests that MeOH is a stable solvent and is not expected to involve in the reaction where
the reduction of metal ions occurs. A trace of residual
water in organic solutions strongly affects the deposition
process.
The immersion process is characterized by coupled
redox reactions, one corresponding to metal formation,
the other to the silicon oxidation. According to the
above results, the difference in deposition behavior is
attributed to the different redox couple of each metal on
the one hand. On the other hand, it is also related to the
different rest potential of the PS in these solutions. The
immersion process is characterized by coupled redox
reactions, one corresponding to metal formation, the
other to the silicon oxidation.
the field of electronics, many kinds of metal patterning
method have been developed. In semiconductor industries, metal patterning on semiconductors are mainly
performed with photolithographic techniques. In the
present work, we investigated the alternative possibility
by using a wet process.
A direct metal patterning method, which means a
method without photoresist, spatially selective electrodeposition of Ni onto crystalline silicon with laser illumination was studied. The mechanism of the deposition
is very different from previous studies of laser assisted
metal deposition, in which the deposition is enhanced by
the heating effects of laser irradiation. The principle of
the method in this research utilizes the properties of
semiconductor itself. When a p-type semiconductor is
dipped into a metal-ion-containing solution, cathodic
polarization does not reduce Ni ions to Ni metal in the
dark because there is only a small number of electrons
in the conduction band. Under illumination, however,
the electrons produced by photo-excitation from the
valence band can contribute to the reduction. This suggests that it is possible for Ni to be deposited only on the
illuminated area without using photoresist.
The mechanism of the deposition is very different
from previous studies of laser assisted metal deposition,
in which the deposition is enhanced by the heating effects of laser irradiation. A p-type Si (100) wafer (1-10
Ωcm) was used as a substrate. The sample was placed in
a three-electrode cell in a dark box during the plating
operation. The composition of the Ni-plating bath was
0.1 M NiSO4 + 0.5 M H3BO3. An Ar+ laser (488.5 nm)
was used as the light source. The laser beam was focused on the samples after passing through a quartz
window and solution.
No deposition of Ni was observed by the surface
analysis with XPS on the samples which were cathodically polarized in the dark and illuminated without applying potential. Current-potential measurements in the
dark show almost no cathodic current all over the potential range under investigation (Fig. 3-1). In contrast,
Photo-assisted Spatially-selective Nickel Deposition on a Silicon Surface
As increasing the demand for the microfabrication in
Fig. 3-1. Cathodic polarization measurement of
Si electrode in 0.1 M NiSO4 + 0.5 M H3BO3 in
the dark and under illumination.
Current / mA
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
in the dark
under illumination
-0.5
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
Potential / V vs. Ag/AgCl
illumination leads to the cathodic current of Ni deposition, which starts at about –0.45 V vs. Ag/AgCl. According to thermodynamics, the reduction potential of
0.1 M Ni2+ to Ni is about –0.50 V. This is one example
of the photoinduced underpotential deposition. Since the
edge of the conduction band in PS is located at a more
negative potential than the Fermi level of the bulk Si,
which represents the electrode potential, Ni ions were
reduced at a more positive potential than thermodynamically expected. These results indicate that Ni deposition requires both of the illumination and cathodic
polarization.
Ni was deposited on a Si wafer at –0.6 V for 120 s.
The sample was analyzed by AES. According to the
mapping image of Ni, it was confirmed that Ni was deposited in a round shape of 200 μm in diameter, which
was similar to the size of the laser spot. This result indicates that Ni was deposited spatially selectively in the
illuminated spot.
In conclusion, spatially selective Ni electrodeposition on Si wafer with laser illumination was demonstrated. It was confirmed that Ni was deposited at the
illuminated spot. The results encourage us to advance
this technique to metal patterning on silicon without
resist.
etches and lastly the bulk silicon is dissolved. It means
that the parts with the highest surface area etch first.
When the nanoporous bodies of the columns are completely dissolved a macropore structure appears. At this
stage, small concave faces are formed (Fig. 4-2 up). For
a prolonged immersion time plane facets appear (Fig.
4-2 down).
Fig. 4-1. Side view of the sample after anodisation.
4. Etching of porous silicon in basic solution
Determination of the layer porosity is not strongly affected by the immersion time. Nevertheless long immersion induces chemical attack of the wafer, which leads
to an overestimate of the porosity.
Porous silicon (PS) is an important material in device
technology due to its photoluminescent properties, porous structure and high surface area. PS can also be utilised in the processing of the devices as sacrificial material. With the photolithographic technique it is possible
to dissolve only partially the PS. Because it is desirable
to reduce the size of the devices, it is of importance to
control with accuracy the dimensions of the zones to be
porosified or dissolved.
Earlier studies show that PS or homogeneous dissolution can be obtained by varying slightly the experimental conditions. It is then necessary to investigate how the
experimental parameters modify the PS layer formation
and its dissolution for future applications.
This work focuses on the preparation of the silicon
substrate for Si-metal composite electrodes. Immersion
in basic solution is often performed when one wants to
dissolve porous silicon, for example for the porosity
determination. This study investigates the effects of the
NaOH solution exposure of PS.
Porous layer can grow via a columnar shape under
selected anodising conditions (Fig. 4-1). The columnar
growth is not immediate but occurs after an uniform
porous layer growth. As a results two distinguishable
layers are produced. When such kind of silicon porous
bilayer is chemically dissolved in basic solution, various
morphologies can be obtained, in a controllable way.
This is because the sample etches in 3 steps. Firstly the
nanoporous material is dissolved then the skeleton
Fig. 4-2. Top view of the samples after immersion
in 1 M NaOH: 1 s (up), 4 min (down).
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Molecular Assemblies Design Research Section
S. Yoshikawa, Professor
M. Kinoshita, Associate Professor
Y. Sato, Research Associate (Research Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes)
S. Sakamoto, Research Associate
1. Introduction
Development of renewable and eco-available
energy resources is inevitable for the future energy
systems. Especially, bio-energy is expected as a
highly efficient energy path, suitable for a
sustainable energy system in the 21st century. To
construct such kinds of efficient system mimicking
living system, use of self-organized molecular
assembly is a quite essential approach, which can
provides breakthrough for new energy systems of
high
performance
with
minimum
energy
consumption. However, to design such complex
systems, currently new tools, such as bio-technology,
combinatorial chemistry, nano-technology, and
computational chemistry, are quite important to
obtain the optimal molecular assembly design.
In this section, we have developed these
fundamental technologies, as well as the new energy
systems of solar energy utilization. Recently, we
succeeded in syntheses of various kinds of ceramic
nanotubes by templating mechanism using
self-organized molecular assemblies of an aliphatic
amine. Ceramics nanotubes offer a prospect to
provide advanced nano-structured materials for
energy and mass reactions, such as highly active
photo-voltaic materials and catalysts for partial
oxidation of alkanes. We already have used titania
nanotubes as the basal materials of dye-sensitized
solar cell, and resulted in higher efficiency in
photo-electron transfer.
Theoretical approach to a complex system of
multiple constituents such as living system is
another important subject, which shows a variety of
nonlinear and novel behavior at their interfaces. We
are constructing unique, complex theories treating
the system on the atomic level for colloidal particles,
bio-molecules in aqueous solution, metal-solution
interfaces, and amphiphilic molecular assembles.
The aqueous conformation of small peptide
predicted from the first principle is in good
agreement with the NMR result.
Combinatorial chemistry is another promising
approach to get the optimal molecular assemblies
for bio-energy and bio-processing. Currently,
two-dimensional peptide libraries are prepared for
high throughput screening of functional molecules,
using optical detecting systems such as surface
plasmon resonance spectroscopy.
The current research themes are the following:
(1) Statistical-Mechanical Studies on Nonlinear
Behavior of Complex Systems
・ Roles of Entropic Excluded-Volume Effects in
Biological Systems
・ Solvation Thermodynamics of Bio-molecules
(2) First-principle prediction of conformations of
bio-molecules (peptide and protein molecules)
in solvent.
(3) Prediction of structure of molecular assemblies
formed by self-organization of surfactant
molecules (e.g., micelles) in solvent,
(4) Formation of ceramics nanotubes by templating
mechanism in Laurylamine/ Metal-alcoxide with
Acetylacetone System
(5) Fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells using
titania nanotubes.
(6) Molecular recognition using short peptides and
its detection by surface plasmon resonance
spectroscopy.
(7) Combinatorial chemistry for optimizing the
photo-electronic functional materials.
This fiscal year, we briefly describe the
achievements in themes 1, 4, 5 and 6.
2. Research Theme 1
Statistical-Mechanical Studies
Behavior of Complex Systems
on
Nonlinear
High functions are usually generated not by a
single material but by a complex system comprising
multiple materials. Examples of such systems are
colloids, protein molecules immersed in aqueous
solution, surfactant molecules in solvent, and metal
(or semiconductor) -solution interfaces.
The
biological system, above all, consists of a variety of
complex subsystems.
When material A and
material B form a complex system, for instance, an
interface (or an interface region) newly appears
between the two materials. The structure and
properties of the interface are often totally different
from those of the bulk materials, with the result that
the complex system exhibits highly nonlinear
behavior that can never be elucidated by
superposition of the behaviors of the individual
materials. The nonlinear behavior is often novel
and can be applied to pioneering of new technology
and development of highly efficient systems.
Roles of Entropic Excluded-Volume Effects in
Colloidal and Biological Systems
The hypernetted-chain (HNC) integral equations
are solved on a three-dimensional cubic grid to
calculate the spatial distribution of the depletion
potential between a big solute of arbitrary geometry
and a big sphere immersed in small spheres forming
the solvent. By analyzing the potential along a
specific trajectory of the big sphere, effects due to
the geometric feature of the big solute (step edges,
trenches, corners, changing curvature, etc.) can be
examined in detail. As an illustration, effects of
the step edge on the lateral depletion potential along
a wall surface are analyzed. Along the trajectory
considered, the big sphere moves at constant height,
starting on the center of the wall surface and moving
horizontally past the edge. The big sphere is
repelled from the edge into the wall surface, and to
escape to the bulk it must overcome a significantly
high free-energy barrier. As another illustration,
simple model calculations are performed for the
lock and key steric interaction between
macromolecules. The potential at contact (i.e., the
stabilization free energy) for the key that exactly fits
the lock is far larger than for smaller and larger keys
and considerably in excess of the value predicted by
the Asakura-Oosawa theory.
A very high
free-energy barrier features the potential for a
smaller key, preventing its access to the lock. Thus,
the selectivity given by the depletion (entropic
excluded-volume) effects is remarkably high.
The interaction between large hard spheres
immersed in a binary hard-sphere mixture, dense
small spheres containing a trace amount of
medium-sized spheres, has been analyzed using
integral equation theories. Effects due to presence
of a trace amount of medium-sized spheres are
remarkable, causing a much longer-range, attractive
interaction. The physical origin of the effects is
that the medium-sized spheres are entropically
excluded from the small spheres and forced to touch
the large spheres. When attraction is incorporated
in the pair potential for the small spheres, the
medium-sized spheres become solvophobic: They
are forced to touch the large spheres to a greater
extent, leading to more pronounced effects. In real
systems the interaction between large solutes with
sufficiently high hydrophobicity, which are
immersed in aqueous solution, should remarkably be
influenced by a trace amount of hydrophobic
co-solutes that are smaller than the large solutes but
much larger than water molecules.
[The
interaction between hydrophobic portions of a
protein could be influenced in a similar fashion.]
If, on the other hand, the medium-sized spheres are
highly solvophilic, they are no more excluded from
the small spheres, and the effects are minor unless
the concentration is considerably high.
SolvationThermodynamics of Biomolecules
The conformational stability of biomolecules is
greatly dependent on the solvent species. It is also
affected by coexisting solutes such as salts (e.g.,
NaCl). The salt effects on the solubility and the
conformational stability of proteins in aqueous
solutions are experimentally known to follow the
order called the Hofmeister series. The series for
anions is [SO 4 2− > CH 3 COO − > Cl − > Br − > NO 3 − >
ClO 4 − > I − > CNS − ], and that for cations is
[(CH 3 ) 4 N + > NH 4 + > Rb + , K + , Na + , Cs + > Li + > Mg 2+
> Ca 2+ > Ba 2+ ]. In each of these series, the species
to the left decrease the solubility of proteins and
stabilize their native structures to a larger extent.
The species to the right, on the contrary, increase
the solubility and cause destabilization of the native
structures. Though the Hofmeister series is not
valid for acidic and basic proteins, it is generally
applicable to neutral proteins. The series, except
for divalent cations, is also applicable to the other
neutral substances such as benzene. That is, the
effects of monovalent ions on the solubility of
various neutral substances follow the Hofmeister
series.
We have analyzed the effects of salt addition to
water on the solvation properties of a peptide
molecule such as the structural change of water near
the molecule and the solvation free energy, shedding
light on elucidation of the Hofmeister series. The
salts have effects both on the hydrophobic hydration
and on the electrostatic interaction.
However,
effects on the electrostatic interaction largely cancel
out, and the salt effects on the hydrophobic
hydration become dominant. This is the reason
why the Hofmeister series applies rather generally
to the salt effects on a wide variety of solutes
including proteins.
The series is mainly
determined by the effects due to the structural
change of water caused by the presence of ions.
The salt effects on solvation structure of a peptide
molecule have been analyzed in terms of changes in
the peptide-water pair correlation functions ascribed
to the perturbation by the ions. We have proposed
heuristic interpretations for salt effects on the pair
distribution functions between peptide and water
atoms based on the well-regarded experimental
concepts of ion hydration: the positive hydration,
negative hydration, and ion-exchange effects. The
complicated effects involving interactions among
the peptide molecule, water molecules, and ions can
be interpreted in a consistent manner using the
heuristic model. We have also considered how the
salt effects on the solubility of proteins are related
to those on their conformational stability. An
interesting answer has been given by assuming that
the solubility of the protein with the denaturated
structure is more sensitive to the salt effects than
that with the native one.
next generation.
The alkoxides of various metal was mixed with
the same moles of ACA and then this solution was
mixed with 0.1M LAHC aqueous solution. The mole
ratio of metal alkoxides to LAHC was adjusted to 4.
The solution was stirred at 313K for several days
and was carried out at 353K for 1 week. After the
sample dried at 353K, the sample was calcined at
773K for 2 hours.
The characterization of produced materials was
made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron
microscopy
(SEM),
transmission
electron
microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED) and
nitrogen adsorption isotherms. All samples were
confirmed to have crystalline structure by the
analysis of XRD pattern. Crystal formation of these
materials is quite different from the amorphous thin
wall formation in the silica nanotubes. Figure 1
shows TEM images and ED of the several produced
materials calcined at 773K for 2 hours. The cerium
oxide was confirmed as mono-crystalline nanotubes
having the diameter of 20nm and the length about
200 nm. And the tin oxide is the nanowires without
pores, the tungsten oxide is the nanoparticles and
the neodymium oxide is the layer structures that
were confirmed, respectively.
3. Research Theme 4
Formation of Ceramic Nanotubes by Using
Various Metal Alkoxides
Nanotubes are attracting a great deal of attention
in both fundamental and Industrial studies. They
have potential applications in the fields such as
electronics, optics, advanced catalysis and energy
storage/conversion. Titania-nanotubes offer a
prospect to provide a highly functional catalyst for
photochemical electron transfer for solar cells,
chemical reactions and adsorbent for chemicals and
also absorbent to cut ultraviolet rays. We have
successfully synthesized titania nanotubes and
bundles having anatase mono-crystalline structure
and nano size pores using templating mechanism by
laurylamine hydrochloride (LAHC) / tetraisopropyl
orthotitanate (TIPT)- acethylacetone (ACA) system.
On the basis of these results, we intended to
synthesize ceramic nano materials using alkoxide of
various metals such as Ce, Sn, W and Nd. Cerium
and tungsten oxide is known as the excellent
chemical catalyst, and tin oxide having high electric
conductivity have promise as solar cell material for
Figure 1
TEM images of ceramic nanotubes.
4. Research Theme 5
Fabrication of Highly Efficient Dye-sensitized
Solar Cells using Titania Nanotubes/Nanowire
Structures
In 1991, O’Regan and Grätzel published on a
low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on
dye-sensitized colloidal titanium dioxide films in
Nature. Since then, an intense activity was triggered
in research on the properties of dye-sensitized
nano-structured thin film electrodes all over the
world. Fine cystalline nanostructure is the
characteristic feature of the Grätzel cell. Quite large
roughness factor is observed in the titania layer,
which is attributed to the high efficiency of this type
of dye-sensitized solar cell (DS cell). However
efficiency limit is also observed for the titania layer
with more than 10 μm thick. The electron injection
limit and recombination of the electrons are the
main processes limiting the efficiency of a DS cell.
To overcome this limit, highly efficient electron
transport mechanism will be required. We found that
newly developed nanotube/nanowire structures in
semiconductor layer can attain the very efficient
cell.
Over two times higher short-circuit photocurrent
density was attained in the DS cell by using titania
nanotubes as asemiconductor thin film in the film
thickness region in comparison with that made of
P-25, as shown in Figure 2. Titania nanotubes were
synthesized by a surfactant-templating mechanism
using LAHC/TIPT-ACA system as described above.
The thin film fabricated using our titanium
dioxide nanotubes showed high short circuit current
densities in comparison with that of thin films made
of titanium dioxide nano-particles P-25 in the region
of small thickness of the thin films, as shown in
Figure 2. The open circuit voltage was about 0.6 V
for both case. Thus, improvement of the solar
energy efficiency of the cell was attained in the thin
film thickness region. The high photocurrent density
in the thin film region might be attributed to the
significant decrease in the inter-crystalline titania
nanotubes with a high aspect ratio instead of
nanoparticles. It is possible to find much more
suitable conditions for better fabrication.
Figure 2 Relationship between Jsc and the film
thickness.
5. Research Theme 6
Molecular Recognition Using Short Two-stranded
Peptides Prepared by a New Combinatorial
Chemistry Approach
Molecular recognition is the quite unique
characteristics of living system, which is widely
used not only for assaying biological activities such
as immune reaction, but also used for constructing
artificial functional molecular assemblies. Usually,
the protein interactions are involved for specific
binding in the living system, which is too large to
design and handle of a stable molecular assembly
system of small molecules.
Although peptides are another potent molecule
for constructing specific molecular assembly of
some small compounds, there are limitations in the
preparation of peptide library using chemical
methods, such as solid-phase split synthesis. For
example, the possible synthetic scale in a laboratory
limits practical library sizes to about 10 6 ~10 7
members, corresponding in the best case to a fully
randomized peptide of less than five residues.
Usually such small peptides (<10 residues) show
low affinities against target substrates even after
proper screenings (K a = 10 3 ~10 5 M -1 level). The low
affinities are mainly due to their flexible 3D
structure. Therefore it is important to develop a new
strategy to create a small peptide possessing a high
binding-ability against a specific compound. Along
with these aspects, we developed a new method to
obtain a small functional peptide.
In the new method, we divided a process of
combinatorial approach into two steps. In the 1st
step, we prepared a pentapeptide library using a
standard split-synthesis method and carried out the
screening using a derivative of porphyrin,
tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) as a
target molecule. As a result of screening on the resin,
we found five candidate peptides with affinity to
TCPP. At this step, peptides showed relatively low
binding constants (K a = 10 3 ~10 5 M -1 level). In a
next step, we synthesized two-stranded peptides
composed of two peptides out of above five lead
peptides (5 x 5 = 25 kinds of two-stranded peptides)
on cellulose membrane. The two-stranded peptides
showed much higher binding affinity with TCPP in
comparison with one-chain peptide (K a = 10 6 ~10 7
M -1 , 10~100 times improvements). These results
indicated that our new combinatorial strategy will
be useful to obtain a small peptide having a
binding-affinity for a specific target molecule.
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Advanced Functional Materials Research Section
K. Ohkubo, Professor
T. Kodaki, Associate Professor
T. Sagawa, Research Associate
1. Introduction
The reduction of carbon dioxide has been
extensively
studied
using
electrochemical,
photochemical, thermal, or enzymatic reactions in light
of the problems of global warming and depletion of
fossil fuels. Results obtained are still not satisfactory
as to useful valuable reaction products and reaction rates
need to be further improved. While, energy from the
sun can be used for many practical purposes, including
generating electricity and heating water. In fact, using
solar energy instead of fossil fuels to meet some of our
energy needs reduces emissions of greenhouse gases
and other pollutants. These emission savings depend
upon many factors, including where you live, the type
of solar technology used, and the amount of energy
provided by these technologies. When solar energy
displaces other energy sources with higher emissions
levels, it produces a benefit in the form of reduced
emissions of pollutants. Anything that uses energy
derived from fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and
oil increases greenhouse gas-emissions every time it is
used. On the other hand, hydrogen produced from
sacrificing reagents such as methanol, ethanol, formic
acid, and so on is one of the cleanest energy, which
produce fewer amounts of pollutants than the burning of
fossil fuels. It is also advantageous that the liquid fuel
is easier to transport and store than the gaseous fuel,
electricity and heat.
In this section, much interest has focused on the
development of photocatalysts and (artificially evolved)
enzymes for the production if such a liquid fuel energy
as formate or methanol from CO2 or CH4. We
constructed highly efficient system of photon-electron
transformation with multi-layered films of photocatalyst
of titania semiconductor–nanoparticle. In order to
prepare the multi-layered films, we adopted convenient
method of alternate assembly utilizing commercially
available polyionic compounds.
Selection of the
enzymes from various bacteria was performed and
various electron-mediators were investigated as the
parts of the enzyme-reactor for CO2-reduction. It was
confirmed that CO2-transformation into formate
proceeds when the dehydrogenase system, electron
mediator, and the above photocatalytic system coexist
and react. Stable and highly active dehydrogenases
evolved artificially have been generated by the random
mutagenesis and utilized to establish the technology of
practical use for highly efficient CO2-formate
transformation with the minimum amount of the
enzymes. Fixation of the enzyme is one of the
effective ways to compose the enzymatic reaction into
the continual reaction process. We also prepared the
enzyme-layered film by the alternate assembly method.
On the other hand, methane monooxygenase (MMO)
catalyzes the conversion of methane to methanol.
Establishment of the high-level expression of
hydroxylase, which catalyzes the conversion of methane
to methanol per se in MMO, has been longed to realize
the “enzyme method” composed of MMO protein in the
reactor for industrial oxidation. As first step to express
a functional MMO system in E. coli, we investigated
high-level expression of the hydroxylase component of
MMO. The present section in this year of 2001 has
four main research themes on advanced functional
materials to produce formate or methanol as the clean
liquefied fuel from CO2 or CH4 as described below.
2. Development of immobilized photocatalytic system
Development of the photocatalytic system utilyzing
solar ray (we use xenon lamp light instead of solar ray:
280 – 800 nm) and gathering multielectron from the
electron-source such as water in order to deliver them to
the electron-mediator have been performed.
Nanoparticles of TiO2 were prepared as
photocatalyst by direct thermolyzation or hydrolyzation
of titanium(IV) isopropoxide Ti(OC3H7)4 in acidic
solution of pH 1.5 with nitric acid or by using TiCl4 as
precursor, which requires O2 or H2O as a reactant. The
effects of the small size on the photocatalytic reaction
are as follows:
i) Increase in the number of adsorption site based on
the increase in the surface area.
ii) Increase in the reduction and oxidation abilities by
the shifts of the energy levels as the quantum size
effect.
iii) Decrease in the duration for the charges to reach the
surface, which correlates reciprocally with the
surface density of the charge calculated with the
finite depth well model.
iv) Decrease in the space required for the photoinduced
electron-hole pairs to be separated.
v) Necessity of some support or stabilizer for practical
applications.
Multilayer films of organic compounds on solid
surfaces have been studied for more than 60 years
because they allow fabrication of multicomposite
molecular assemblies of tailored architechture.
However, both the Langmuir-Blodgett technique and
chemisorption from solution can be used only with
certain classes of molecules. An alternative approach
-fabrication of multilayers by consecutive adsorption of
polyanions and polycations- is far more general and has
been extended to other materials such as proteins or
colloids. Because polymers are typically flexible
molecules, the resulting superlattice architechtures are
somewhat fuzzy structures, but the absence of
crystallinity in these films is expended to be beneficial
for many potential applications.
The merits of
layer-by-layer method are as follows:
i) Convenient and versatile fixation method of
nano-sized TiO2 particle
ii) Densely packed and ordered layers are formed
iii) Enable to reuse the nano-sized TiO2 particle, in
other words, the film is very stable
In order to study the function of photon-electron
transformation of TiO2-immobilized films across the
interface to solution species, we chose 1, 1’-dimethyl-4,
4’-bipyridinium (methylviologen) dication (abbreviated
Figure 1 AFM image of TiO2-layered film
as MV2+) as an electron acceptor. MV2+ has the
advantage of undergoing a reversible one-electron
reduction with a well-defined and pH-independent
redox potential (E˚ = -0.44 V against NHE).
Furthermore the reduced form (MV·+) can be readily
identified by its characteristic blue color corresponding
to an absorption maximum of 605 nm (viz. ε605 of MV·+
is 12,400 M-1 cm-1). Therefore, we prepared ultrathin
film device with nanoparticles of photocatalyst by
layer-by-layer method and examined the abilities of
photon-electron
transformation
of
the
above
TiO2-containing ultrathin films for photoinduced
reduction of MV2+ on the irradiation of UV light.
In order to immobilize the TiO2 nanoparticle onto
the
quartz
plate,
we
adopt
poly(diallyldimethyl-ammonium chloride) (PDDA) as
positively charged polymer and potassium poly(vinyl
sulfate) (PVS) as polyanion. Absorption spectra of
TiO2-films on quartz slides also show linear absorbance
increase at 240 nm and at 280 nm with the number of
the adsorption cycle during at least 15 steps of the
alternate assembly.
Surface morphology is more
clearly seen by atomic force microscopy (AFM) image
of 5-layered TiO2 (7 nm) film onto a substrate of quartz
(Figure 1). It also shows the densely packed TiO2
nanoparticles on the solid substrate.
The figure above the scan image is height profile along
the axis indicated in the scan image. A height profile
along the axis shows periodical top-valley patterns with
depth of 0.5-7 nm and width of 20-50 nm.
The TiO2-films show highly efficient multi-electron
transfer from TiO2 to multi-electron mediators. The
rate of MV·+ formation was followed at λ 605 nm and
exclusion of the buffer reagent of tris eliminates the
production of MV·+. Addition of tris to an aqueous
solution that includes the TiO2-immobilized quarts plate
and MV2+ results in the generation of MV·+. These
results imply the tris functions as not only a buffer
reagent but also a hole-scavenger (viz. sacrificing
reagent) for photoactivated TiO2. The amount of MV·+
formed from MV2+ increased remarkably with the
number of the attached layers of TiO2/PDDA within 5.
On
the
other
hand,
the
extent
of
MV·+-generation-increase was small when the numbers
of the attached layers of TiO2/PDDA increased over 10.
This result implies that the rate of diffusion of viologens
with the 10 or 15-layered film is the similar extent of
that with the 5-layered one. Yield of MV·+-generation
by using the 4-plates of 5-layered TiO2/PDDA film is
higher than that by using the 1-plate of 20-layered one.
Quantum yield of Φ for MV·+-formation was 0.05 with
one plate of 5-layered TiO2 (6 nm)/PDDA film for 5
min-irradiation. The values of Φ for MV·+-formation
decreased gradually from 0.05 to 0.04 with increasing
the number of the plates of 5-layered film from 1 to 4.
On the other hand, considerable decrease of the
quantum yields was observed from 0.05 to 0.03 when
the number of the attached layers of TiO2/PDDA
increased from 5 to 10. Therefore, increasing the
number of the plates of TiO2 film is more effective for
the reduction of MV2+ than increasing the number of the
attached layers of the film. The effects of the
TiO2-nanoparticle sizes (4, 6, 10, 60, or 100 nm) were
examined and maximal quantum yield of 6.3% was
observed. The amounts of the produced MV·+ by using
the 5-layered TiO2/PDDA film are not decreased by the
10 times-repeated use with 15 min-illumination. This
result indicates that removal of the attached layers of
TiO2/PDDA from the quartz plate does not occur during
the photoreduction.
3. Construction of multielectron mediator system
Dihydronicotinamide
adenine
dinucleotide
(NADH) plays an important role as cofactor in various
biological reactions.
Several effective chemical
systems for the regeneration of NADH have been
reported by using homogeneous metal complex of
Ru(bpy)32+ or Rh(bpy)33+, or dispersed semiconductor
particles of TiO2 as photosensitizer in the presence of
electron mediator of MV2+ and/or by using
dehydrogenase, which catalyzes reduction of NAD+.
These NADH regeneration systems enable to supply the
source of two electrons and a proton in numerous
NADH-dependent
enzymatic
reactions,
i.e.,
alcohol-syntheses from ketones, amino acids-syntheses
from ketonic acids, and CO2-fixation for energy-recycle
use.
However, these systems are inefficient for
practical use because they require valuable and useful
sacrificing reagents in themselves as electron donors
such as ammonium ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid,
triethylamin, 2-mercaptoethanol, methanol, 2-propanol,
formic acid, and so on. It is also difficult to recover
and reuse the photosensitizer from the bulk because of
utilization of the homogeneous or dispersed
photocatalyst. We have done more practical study of
the photosensitized regeneration of NADH using
TiO2-layered film as reusable photocatalyst, tris-HCl
buffer (pH 7.0) as abundant electron donor, MV2+ as
mediating
electron
carrier,
and
lipoamide
dehydrogenase (LipDH; E.C. 1.8.1.4) as enzyme
catalyst.
As a result, photoirradiation of an aqueous solution
of tris-HCl buffer that includes the photocatalyst of
TiO2-immobilized quarts plate, MV2+, NAD+, LipDH
results in the formation of MV·+ and NADH. The rate
of NADH formation was followed at λ 340 nm and
corresponds to a quantum yield of Φ 1.40%.
Exclusion of LipDH or MV2+ eliminates the formation
of NADH. Furthermore, exclusion of the buffer
reagent of tris eliminates the production of NADH and
MV·+. Addition of tris to an aqueous solution that
includes the TiO2-immobilized quarts plate, MV2+,
NAD+, LipDH results in the generation of MV·+ and the
concomitant formation of NADH. These results imply
the tris functions as not only a buffer reagent but also a
hole-scavenger for photoactivated TiO2.
One proton and 2 electrons are required to reduce
NAD+ to NADH, and 6 electrons are required to convert
CO2 to methanol. Instead of utilize MV2+, we use
viologen-derivatives as stable mutielectron mediators.
We examined the photocatalytic activities of the above
TiO2-containing ultrathin films for photoinduced
reduction of oligomers of N,N'-dibutyl-4,4'-bipyridinium
dications {(BV2+)n (n = 2, 7, and 14)} on the irradiation
of UV light.
Viologen oligomers enhance the
photo-energy conversion remarkably compared to the
viologen monomer. The quantum yields of (BV·+)n (n
= 2, 7, and 14) in the presence of TiO2-immobilized
quarts plate in tris-HCl buffer are 2.96-17.2 times as
high as the value of that for MV·+ based on the unit of 4,
4’-bipyridinium molecule. Thus the quantum yields
for NADH formation of (BV2+)n are expected to be
higher values than that for MV2+. Many enzymatic
reduction processes are dependent on the NADH
cofactor. Therefore coupling of the photosensitized
NADH
regeneration
cycles
with
secondary
enzyme-catalyzed processes is expected to allow
various synthetic applications. Consequently, alkyl
viologen oligomer also seems to be hopeful to work as
multielectron mediator by using the TiO2-containing
ultrathin film on the irradiation of UV light
Restriction enzymetreated plasmid
PCR and
E. Coli transformation
plasmid
E. Coli
mutation
X
X
x
x
x
+
x
X
X
X
Enzyme gene
mutant
enzyme
0.5 M
Affinity chromatography
15
50
40
KCl c onc.
0.3 M
30
10
0.2 M
20
Activity
5
Protein contents
10
0M
Protein contents (μg/ml)
x
mRNA
Activity (μmol[NADH])
20
Evolutional
enzyme
0
0
0
100
200
300
400
Elution volume (ml)
Figure 2 Schematic representation of mutation system
for photo-induced CO2-reduction.
are currently being examined.
These efficiencies
4. Construction of enzyme-system for recycle-use of
CO2 as a source of fuel energy
For the purpose of construction of the
enzyme-utilized reactors for the conversion of CO2 to
formate or methanol, we must select the enzyme(s) and
search electron mediator. We have already confirmed
the efficiencies of dehydrogenase(s) for the CO2
transformation into formate, formaldehyde, or methanol
in part in the presence of the photocatalyst and the
electron mediator described above. Stable and highly
active dehydrogenases evolved artificially have been
generated by the random mutagenesis and utilized to
establish the technology of practical use for highly
efficient CO2 transformation with the minimum amount
of the enzymes. We adopt Polymerase Chain Reaction
(PCR) technique to modify the gene carried by the
plasmid as shown in Figure 2. We collect the gene
(second generation) which generate highly active
enzyme compared to the wild type one. Then we
obtaine the mutants based on the second generation by
collect the DNA (third generation) producing much
higher active enzyme.
5. High-level expression of MMO for CH4-methanol
transformation
Selective extraction of hydroxylase component
which catalyzes the conversion of methane to methanol
per se in methane monooxygenase (MMO) and
functional expression of the target protein has not been
succeeded even by using large amounts of the
methanotrophic bacteria because of the lability of the
protein. Therefore, establishment of the high-level
expression of hydroxylase component of MMO has
been longed to realize the “enzyme method” composed
of MMO protein in the reactor for industrial oxidation.
As first step to express a functional MMO system in E.
coli, we investigated high-level expression of the
hydroxylase component of MMO from OB3b and/or M.
After selecting the vector and searching the suitable
conditions to express, high-level expression was
confirmed by SDS-PAGE and estimated more than 70%
of the total proteins as the target protein in relatively
short period.
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Bioenergy Research Section
K. Makino, Professor
M. Adachi, Lecturer
T. Morii, Research Associate
1. Introduction
The goal of this research section is development of
environmentally clean and efficient reaction systems by
means of chemically or biologically manipulated
systems suitable for energy production. In order to
develop such a process by learning from biological
systems, it is essential to understand complex network
of biological signal transductions and mechanism of
chemical transformations in the system. Following
aspects have been investigated to establish the
fundamental basis that would emerge a new technology
for the energy-efficient utilization of ubiquitous
environmental resources.
2. Mechanism for DNA Damage by Nitric Oxide
Nitric oxide (NO) has multiple face both as one of
the major components of poisonous NOx and as a
physiologically essential signal molecule, and is known
to be overproduced in inflammation etc., which may
cause various diseases. In this study, we have focused
on the relationship of NO with cancer and therefore
investigated NO-initiated DNA damage.
The known reaction was oxidative deamination
which converts dAdo, dGuo and dCyd to deoxyinosine
(dIno), deoxyxanthosine (dXao) and dUrd, respectively.
The species dominating these reactions is N2O3, which
is also predominant in the reaction occurring in acidic
HNO2, which generates the same products. N2O3 is
formed by the reaction of NO with NO2, which is
produced by spontaneous oxidation of NO, and is
converted to HNO2 by hydrolysis. In the presence of
excess amount of O2, NO2 is a major species rather than
N2O3, and involved in the reaction. In this fiscal year,
we have focused on the reaction of NO2, and found
several novel products from dGuo such as 8-NO2 dGuo,
8-NO2 dXao, and N2-NO2 dGuo, as represented in Fig.1.
It has also been elucidated for the first time that when
[O2]>>[NO], in addition of these nitro-compounds,
dXao is also produced. Regarding the N2O3-initiated
reaction, we have already demonstrated the formation of
deoxyoxanosine (dOxo) from dGuo, which is reactive
with amino groups. It has been revealed this year that
dOxo is converted to 2-chloro dIno in the presence of
NaCl (Fig.1). Summarising all the findings, we have
established the whole reaction mechanism as
demonstrated in Fig.1. This figure includes the
conversion of dGuo, dCyd, dAdo and 5medCyd to the
respective diazoate intermediates and their further
reactions as well as the reaction of NO2.
In environmental sciences which are closely related
to
energy production and its effects on human body, many
problems have remained unsolved yet because many
species involved are free radicals and the research fields
of biological free radicals are still immature. We think
that our establishment will provide with the guideline to
such unsolved problems, particularly to those regarding
biological responses to NO and HNO2 systems. For
instance, it should be understood that high cell death
and high mutation rates in the medium containing
HNO2 is due to the crosslinking between DNA and
proteins or polyamines in the nuclei.
H
O
R
N
H
N
N
N
O
O
N
dUrd
cross-link
R
H2N
N
O
O–
N
N
NH
N
N
N
dIno
O
O
N
N
dCyd-diazoate
N
N
N2O3
N
H
N
O–
N
N
N
2-Cl-dIno
Cl
N
N
O H
N R
N
N
N C NH2
HO
Cl
dAdo-diazoate
NH2
C
O
O
N
O
N2O3
N
N
NH2
A
N
N
N
N2O3
N
N
H
N
N N
N
O–
O
N
O
NH2
N
dGuo-diazoate
dOxo
H
N
N
N
H
O
dXao
O
N
O
O P OO
O
O
N
O
N
O
O P ON
O
O
G
NH
N
NOx
N
O2N
N
H
NH
N
H
N
O2N
O
8-NO2-Gua
O
NH
N
H
N
NH2
8-NO2-Xan
N
N
NH
N
H
N
NO2
2
N -NO2-dGuo
N2O3
O
N
: N2O3 attacking site
O
O
NH2
NH2
O H3C
N
m
O P OC
N O
O
O
DNA
cross-link
H2N R
–
H3C
O
N
N
N
5me
O–
N
O
dCyd-diazoate
N
H
O
dThd
Figure 1 The overall reaction mechanism of NO with
nucleosides.
Now by using fluorescence compounds with amino
groups, we are trying to label dOxo generated in
genomic DNA obtained from E.coli cultured in HNO2
medium. It has been found so far that the amount of
generated dOxo appears to be less than that of 8-oxo
dGuo. We will continue this project. Also we have
succeeded synthesis of phosphoramidite monomer of
dOxo and are applying the monomer to the
oligonucleotide synthesis. It will be possible by use of
the oligomers to investigate the effect of dOxo in DNA
on the replication process. This work will also be
continued.
This research was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research (11101001 and 12480173) from
Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture,
Japan to K.M and by a Grant from “Research for the
Future” Program of Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science (JSPS-RFTF97I00301).
3. Enhancement of Leukocyte Function by Pterin
Derivatives
We have found unique biological function of
6-formyl pterin, which was synthesized from folic acid
and is already known to show strong xanthine oxidase
inhibitory activity, and that this compound generates
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence of NADPH
or NADH, possibly through the formation of superoxide
anion radical. The role of H2O2 is not known yet
although great interests have been placed on it,
particularly as a reporter in cells. We have observed
interesting nature of this compound in the cellular
system such as induction of apoptosis, activation of
immune cells and so on.
This project will be
continued.
4. Conformational Studies on Human Telomere
Telomere is the repeated sequence which exists at the
end of genes controling whether cells are subjected to
ageing or converted to reproducible death (cancer).
Regarding this unique DNA sequence, we have
explored the structural diversity.
For a human
telomere repeating unit, d(CCCTAA), using 2-D NMR
analysis combined with molecular dynamics
computer-aided calculation, we have found that this
simple unit exists in the three distinct tetramers each of
which consists of four symmetric single-strands slowly
exchanging in a slightly acidic solution, namely i-motif.
Also for d(ACCCTA), where the 3'-end A is deleted and
an A is added to the 5'-end, we have determined two
i-motif isomers.
In FY2001, we studied the effects of P-chirality on
the diversity of i-motif. The P-chiral stereo-defined
phosphorothioate groups were introduced into the all
four internucleotide groups of d(TPS1CPS2CPS3CPS4C)
(PSn: phosphorothioate group), and 10 stereoisomers
synthesized. The temperature dependence of circular
dichroism (CD) spectra showed that the melting
temperature (Tm) of the [all Rp]PS-d(TC4) pentamers
was 31°C, identical with that of the parent oligomer,
while that of the [all Sp]PS-d(TC4) was decreased by
11°C. The comparison of the NOESY spectra between
[all Rp]PS-, [all Sp]PS-, and PO-d(TC4) at pH 4.5 and
20 °C showed that intra-residual H6-H3’ and H2”-H4’
NOE cross-peaks of the [all Sp] isomer are much weaker
than those of the [all Rp] isomer and PO-d(TC4),
indicating the change of the C3’-endo puckering. These
results indicate that the Sp configuration at phosphorus
of the internucleotide phosphorothioate linkage
destabilizes the i-motif structure, possibly by the change
of the deoxyribose puckering.
We have also
investigated the effects of the coexistence of the
C-repeat on the formation of G-tetrad and are obtaining
the results suggesting the existence of cross-talk
between the both strands that controls the extent of the
G-tetrad formation.
This research was supported by a Grant-in-aid for
Scientific Research (11101001 and 12480173) from
Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture,
Japan to K.M and by a Grant from “Research for the
Future” Program of Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science (JSPS-RFTF97I00301).
5. Energy- and Material-Recycling Harnessing Super
Critical Liquids
The aim of this project is to harness unique
properties of supercritical water and other solvents in
the material conversion, particularly in the conversion
of waste materials to useful ones. Supercritical fluids are
known to show unusual properties that are not available
in normal conditions. For example, in supercritical
water, materials are readily hydrolyzed and converted to
various compounds. The drawback for utilizing such a
unique properties in industrial processes is that we have
not obtained materials suitable for reactors. In this
fiscal year, we explored the effect of surface structure
on the stability in supercritical methanol (above 240°C
and 7.9 Mpa). Phenols were employed as a substrate.
After the reaction of several hours, the stainless tube
was opened to find the vigorous color change, indicative
of some unknown reaction on the surface. We have
found that this could be eliminated by gold-plating the
surface.
The composition of the products was
unchanged. This project will also be continued.
6. Combinatorial Approach to Design A
Non-Natural DNA-Binding Ligand
Short peptides could potentially provide a novel
element to read-out DNA sequences from the major
groove. However, it is difficult to determine
sequence-preference of de novo designed monomeric
short peptides. Because DNA-binding affinity and
specificity of short peptides are usually much lower than
those of native DNA-binding proteins, determining
sequence-preference of short peptides by conventional
methods utilized to deduce the target sequence of
proteins often produces unclear outcomes. We report
here a general strategy to defining sequence-preference
of DNA-binding short peptide by using the
heterodimers. A GCN4 basic region peptide tethers a
low-affinity DNA-binding peptide adjacent to a GCN4
binding sequence through the cyclodextrin-adamantane
association, thereby increasing local concentration of
the low-affinity peptide on degenerated DNA sequences.
An increase of the local concentration allows to select a
preferential sequence for the low-affinity DNA binding
peptide. The method successfully identified specific
sequences of short peptides derived from native
DNA-binding proteins. The usefulness of this approach
has been demonstrated by identifying preferred DNA
targets for a peptide composed only of D-amino acids.
The method is potentially applicable not only to
artificial peptides, but also to other synthetic ligands.
This research was supported by a Grant-in-aid for
Scientific Research from Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports and Culture, Japan to K.M.(11101001) and
T.M.(12680590), and by PRESTO from Japan Science
and Technology Corporation (JST) to T.M.
Figure 2. A SAAB cycle to determine a target sequence
of short peptide (open box) by using its heterodimer
with GAd (hatched box). Amino acid sequences for
GAd
(GCd)
and
CCd
are
Ac-DPAALKRARNTEAARRSRARKLQC-NH2 and
Ac-NEYRYRRERNNIAVRKSRDKAKQC-NH2,
respectively.
7. Structure-Based Design of A Biosnsor for Second
Messengers.
An
intracellular
second
messenger
D-myo-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is a key
biological signaling molecule that controls the cellular
Ca2+ concentration. We report the preparation and
evaluation of a functionalized protein based sensor for
IP3 by exploring the selective IP3 binding properties of
pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Signal transduction
is imparted to the protein by mutating proximal residues
to cysteine and then alkylation of the active site by
various fluorophore derivatives. This creates
functionalized proteins that show micromolar affinity
for IP3, reasonably strong fluorescence emission and
wavelength changes in the fluorophore and selectivity
higher than the original PH domain among different
inositol phosphate derivatives.
This research was supported by a Grant-in-aid for
Scientific Research from Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports and Culture, Japan to K.M.(11101001) and to
T.M.(12680590), and by PRESTO from Japan Science
and Technology Corporation (JST) to T.M.
Figure 3. An amino acid sequence for the PLCδ1 PH
domain (left) shows the positions mutated to cysteine at
56R (blue), 58V (red) and 106N (yellow). Numbering
corrresponds to rat PLCδ1 and constructs used here
contain N-terminal Met. A schematic illustration shows
the structure of PLCδ1 PH domain—IP3 complex (right).
Positions labeled by fluorophores at 56R, 58V and
106N are indicated by CPK representation in blue, red
and yellow, respectively, and IP3 is shown by a
wire-frame model.
8. Structure-based Design of a Novel DNA-Binding
Protein.
We have employed a structure-based design to
construct a small folding domain from the F-actin
bundling protein villin that contains amino acids
necessary for the DNA binding of the basic leucine
zipper protein GCN4, and have compared its DNA
binding with GCN4. The monomeric motif folds into a
stable domain, and binds DNA in a rigid-body
mechanism, while its affinity is not higher than that of
the basic region peptide. Addition of the leucine zipper
region to the folded domain restored its
sequence-specific DNA binding comparable to that of
GCN4. Unlike the monomeric folded domain, its
leucine zipper derivative undergoes a conformational
change upon the DNA binding. CD spectral and
thermodynamic studies indicate that the DNA
-contacting region is folded in the presence or absence
of DNA, and suggest that the junction between the
DNA-contacting and the leucine zipper regions transits
to a helix in the presence of DNA. These results
demonstrate that the structural transition outside the
direct-contacting region, which adjusts the precise
location of the DNA-contacting region, plays a critical
role in the specific complex formation of the basic
leucine zipper proteins.
This research was supported by PRESTO from Japan
Science and Technology Corporation (JST) to T.M, and
partly by a Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research from
Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture,
Japan to T.M.(12680590), and to K.M.(11101001).
Figure 4 Strategy for the structure-based design of
folded DNA binding region. The villin headpiece
domain (27) (A) and an X-ray crystal structure for the
complex between GCN4 basic region and AP1 (9) (B)
are shown in the ribbon representations. The backbone
of villin headpiece domain is colored in green and
GCN4 is shown in red. The side chains necessary to
form a hydrophobic core of villin headpiece are
indicated by CPK presentation (yellow). (C) The
superimposition of the backbone atoms of the villin
third helix and the GCN4 basic region is shown from
different angles. (D) Amino acid sequences for villin,
bVIL, GCN4, G23 and bVILZIP are aligned with Lys71
9. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells using Semiconductor
Thin Film Composed of Titania Nanotubes
Over two times higher short-circuit photocurrent
density was attained in the dye-sensitized solar cells by
using titania nanotubes as a semiconductor thin film in
the thin film thickness region in comparison with that
made of P-25. Titania nanotubes were synthesized by a
surfactant-assisted templating mechanism using a
laurylamine hydrochloride / tetraisopropylorthotitanate
with acetylacetone system. Nanotubes have a
mono-crystalline structure of anatase and showed the
highest photocatalytic activity among the commercially
available nano-crystalline titania. Also the diameter of
our nanotubes is below 10 nm, indicating that we can
expect the ballistic electron transfer with almost no
dissipational losses such as recombinations.
The dye-sensitized solar cell system using the
mono-crystalline titania nanotubes showed pretty high
photocurrent density in thin film thickness region of
titania as shown in Fig.5. The film thickness was 4 μm,
and the cell size was 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm. The obtained
short-circuit photocurrent density was 15.3 mA/cm2,
and the open-circuit voltage was 0.58 V. The
light-to-electric energy conversion yield was 4.88 %,
and the fill factor was 0.54.
16
14
Current / mAcm
-2
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
to mono-crystalline titania nanotubes with both below
10 nm diameter and a high aspect ratio.
18
Short-circuit photocurrent density
2
[mA/cm ]
(*) of villin and Asn235 (*) of GCN4. The three helical
regions of villin are underlined. Amino acid residues
necessary for the hydrophobic core formation of villin,
and for the specific DNA recognition by GCN4, are
shown in yellow and in blue, respectively.
16
14
12
10
8
6
titania nanotubes(1cmx1cm)
titania nanotubes (0.5cmx0.5cm)
P-25 (1cmx1cm)
4
2
0
0
5
10
15
20
Film Thickness [μm]
25
Figure 6 Relationship between the short-circuit
photocurrent density and the film thickness.
Several synthetic methods of titania nanotubes have
been reported. However, most of the diameter of those
nanotubes are over 50 nm, and the ballistic electron
transfer can not be expectyerd. Only Kasuga’s method
can make a fine diameter 8nm of titania nanotubes, but
their XRD showed an amorphous-like pattern, i. e., no
well crystallized anaytase phase. Also their structure
was destroyed by calcinations. Thus, our synthetic
method, as long as we know, is the only appropriate
method for the ballistic electron transfer.
10. Formation of Composite Ceramic Nanotubes and
Its Crystalline Structure
Composite ceramic nanotubes composed of more
than two metal oxides could be synthesized by
extending our synthetic method for silica and titania
nanotubes. The crystalline structure of these composite
nanotubes depended on the compositions (see Fig.7).
The band gap energy could be controlled by controlling
the composition of the composite nanotubes, as mixed
crystal semiconductors do in the bulk phase.
0
Voltage / V
Ti 100
Ti 95
Ti 92.5
Ti 90
Intensity
Figure 5 An example of photocurrent-voltage
characteristics of a cell made of titania nanotubes. The
obtained short-circuit photocurrent density, open-circuit
voltage, fill factor and light-to-electric energy
conversion yield were 15.3 mA/cm2, 0.58 V, 0.54, and
4.88 %, respectively. The film thickness was 4 μm, and
the cell size was 0.5 cm×0.5 cm.
Ti 80
Ti 75
The photocurrent-voltage characteristics of our cell
ware compared with the cell made of standard titania
nanoparticles P-25. Fig.6 shows the short-circuit
photocurrent density obtained from the cells made of
titania nanotubes, together with those of P-25, against
the film thickness. In the thin film region, the
photocurrent density of the cell made of titania
nanotubes was over two times higher than that of P-25.
The high photocurrent density in the thin film region
might be attributed to the ballistic electron transfer due
Ti 50
Ti 25
Sn 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2 θ (degrees)
Figure 7 X-ray diffraction pattern of the composite
nanotubes composed of TiO2 and SnO2. Each nanotube
of a certain composition has its own XRD pattern.
Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes Section
A. Otsuki, Professor
S. Ueda, Research Associate
COLLABORATION WORKS IN
LABORATORY FOR COMPLEX ENERGY PROCESSES
1.Introduction
The laboratory was established in 1996
simultaneously with the Institute as an attached facility
for research on advanced processes of energy production,
conversion and application. In order to perform the
research objectives of the Institute of Advanced Energy,
it is essentially necessary to organize the cooperative
research program with much close connection between
related research fields in the Institute. The laboratory
takes charge of organizing and promoting the cooperative
research project as a center of research activity in the
Institute. The research staffs in the Institute participate in
specific projects to carry out their subjects. The scientists
of other faculties in Kyoto University can also participate
the cooperative project to enhance the progress of
research and educational activities. The laboratory also
manages various functions such as symposium and
seminar for related topics on energy field. The
cooperative research activities will be published in a
publication edited in the laboratory at the end of the year.
Research activities have been directed mainly toward
the following cooperative projects as the principle
research subject of the Institute.
A1. The dynamics of complexity in fusion-oriented
plasmas
Plasma dynamics in complex electromagnetic fields
are studied with special reference to the particle and
wave properties in order to clarify and control this
behavior as the knowledge base for the nuclear fusion.
Energy conversion processes due to the interaction of the
plasma with the high-energy particles and with the
high-power microwaves are studied from the viewpoint
of the fundamental physics and of the development of the
key technology to utilize the complex plasma systems.
A2. Energetic particle-material interaction
Modification and improvement of solid surface and
interface utilizing energetic particle-material interactions
towards
highly
efficient
energy
conversion,
understanding elemental processes of formation of
non-equilibrium
phases
and
development
of
high-functional and high-resistant environmental
materials.
A3. Advanced Functions and Applications of Photon,
Quantum and Chemical Energy.
This specially-promoted field includes researches
for extending advanced functions peculiar to photon,
quantum and chemical energy, studies of fundamentals
and/or technology for generating new functions of the
energy, and applications of the energy functions to
creating new fields of science and technology.
A4. Enhancement and Utilization of Function of Bioand/or Material-energy
Development of highly efficient material / energytransformation system is investigated by utilizing
bio-function or the artificial improvement of it.
A4-project also focuses on elucidation, improvement,
and utilization of the elemental processes of bio-function
in relation to the above development. The advanced
researches are developed in other interesting fields of
environmental aspects derived from energy usage.
B. Cooperative use of facilities and equipments
Facilities and equipments of the laboratory are
provided to cooperated researches for the scientists in the
university
2. The cooperative research project consists of (a) a
specific program for “Promotion of a priority project”
and (b) a standard program.
(a) A specific program was not planned in this year.
(b) Summary of the standard cooperative research
subjects carried out in the year of 2001.
A public collection of cooperative research
application was carried out, in this year, for a program
which consits of 3 group of “Kiban” , “Syorei” and
“Kikaku-chosa” cooperative research.
The “Kiban
“ cooperative research means a program to promote
leading research themes of the Institute projects. The
“Syorei” cooperative research means a progrum to
promote general research themes with respect to the
Institute projects. The “Kikaku-chosa” cooperative
research means a progrum to promote the cooperative
research through a seminar or symposium.
As a result, the research themes of 56 were applied
and all the applications were accepted after the approval
by a steering committee of the laboratory. The number of
research subjects are listed in Table 1 according to the
project categories.
Table 1
Number of the accepted research subjects according to the standard project theme
The whole sum 52
category A
B
total
A1
A2
A3
A4
Kibann inside
1
1
1
2
0
5
*1
outside
0
0
0
0
0
0
Syorei inside
7
6
6
5
3
27
*2
outside
7
2
3
2
3
17
Kikaku inside
2
1
0
0
0
3
-chosa outside
0
0
0
0
0
0
*3
"inside" or "outside" : Numbers applied by the inside or outsideof the Institute
The individual research subjects are as follows, *1, *2 and *3 mean the "Kiban", "Syore"
and “Kikaku-chosa’ cooperative research theme, respectively,
The individual Research subjects are as follows.
A1
“Study of the Electron Temperature Fluctuation on
Heliotron J”
(1) K.Kondo, H.Kawazome, S.Maeno, K.Tomiyama,
H.Kubo, S.Besshou
(2) T.Obiki, F.Sano, T.Mizuuchi, H.Okada, K.Nagasaki
(1) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Study of the Electron Temperature Fluctuation on
Heliotron J”
(1) K.Kondo, H.Kubo, H.Kawazome, S.Maeno,
K.Tomiyama, S.Besshou
(2) T.Obiki, F.Sano, T.Mizuuchi, K.Nagasaki, H.Okada
(1) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Planning of Research Subjects and Activities on the
Complex Plasma Material Experimental Device”
(1) T.Obiki, A.Kohyama, Y.Ogata, K.Yoshikawa, F.Sano,
A.Otsuki
(2) T.Sato
(3) K.Kondo, M.Wakatani
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) National Institute for Fusion Science
(3) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
M.Shibano, Y.Ijiri
(2) K.Kondo, S.Besshou, M.Nakasuga, Y.Manabe,
H.Shidara, Ang Wan Leng, Y.Nishioka
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
“Tracer-Particle Injection for Edge Plasma Transport
Study”
(1) T.Mizuuchi, K.Nagasaki, H.Okada
(2) K.Kondo
(3) N.Nishino
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(3) Department of Engineering, Hiroshima University
“Divertor as a Complex System”
(1) T.Mizuuchi, H.Okada, K.Nagasaki, T.Obiki, F.Sano,
T.Senju,
K.Yaguchi,
K.Sakamoto,
K.Toshi,
M.Shibano, Y.Ijiri
(2) Ang Wan Leng, K.Kondo, S.Besshou, M.Nakasuga,
Y.Manabe, H.Shidara
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
“Numerical Analysis of the Edge Magnetic
Configuration in Heliotron J”
(1) T.Mizuuchi, T.Obiki,
(2) M.Nakasuga, Y.Nakamura, Ang Wan Leng
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
“Experimental
Analysis
of
the
Magnetic
Configuration Flexibility in Heliotron J”
(1) T.Mizuuchi, T.Obiki, F.Sano, H.Okada, K.Nagasaki,
Y.Ijiri, T.Senju, K.Yaguchi, K.Sakamoto, K.Toshi,
M.Shibano
(2) Y.Nakamura, M.Nakasuga, S.Besshou, K.Kondo
(3) S.Morimoto
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(3) Kanazawa Institute of Technology
“Edge Plasma Fluctuation in Heliotron J”
(1) T.Mizuuchi, H.Okada, K.Nagasaki, T.Obiki, F.Sano,
T.Senju,
K.Yaguchi,
K.Sakamoto,
K.Toshi,
“Boundary Plasma in Helical System”
(1) T.Mizuuchi
(2) N.Oyabu
(3)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
S.Kitajima
K.Kondo
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
National Institute for Fusion Science
Faculty of Engineering,Tohoku University
Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
“Study of the Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency
(ICRE) Heating in Heliotron J”
(1) H.Okada, K.Nagasaki, T.Mizuuchi, F.Sano, T.Obiki
(2) K.Kondo, S.Besshou
(3) T.Mutoh
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(3) National Institute for Fusion Science
“Development of Power Monitoring System in
Millimeter Wave Transmission Line”
(1) K.Nagasaki, K.Yoshikawa, K.Masuda
(2) S.Kubo
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) National Institute for Fusion Science
“Experimental Studies of Cylindrical Inertial
Electrostatic Confinement Plasma (III)”
(1) Y.Yamamoto, Y.Takeuchi, K.Masuda
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Study on Magnetic Equilibrium for Plasma
Confinement Device Heliotron-J”
(1) S.Besshou, K.Tomiyama, K.Kondo, Y.Nakamura,
M.Nakasuga
(2) T.Obiki, H.Okada, F.Sano, K.Nagasaki, T.Mizuuchi
(1) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Study on Radiative Energy Loss Process in
Heliotron-J Plasma”
(1) S.Besshou, K.Tomiyama, K.Kondo, Y.Nakamura,
M.Nakasuga
(2) T.Obiki, H.Okada, F.Sano, K.Nagasaki, T.Mizuuchi
(1) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Plasma
Polarization
Spectroscopy
on
the
Heliotron-J”
(1) T.Fujimoto, A.Iwamae
(2) T.Mizuuchi
(1) Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Two Dimensional Divertor Spectroscopy by Fast
Camera”
(1) N.Nisino, M.Asada, Y.Nakamoto, A.Yamaguchi
(2) K.Kondo, H.Kawazome
(3) F.Sano, T.Mizuuchi, H.Okada, T.Obiki
(1) Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University
(2) Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima
University
(3) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Optimization of Plasma Production by Electron
Cyclotron Waves”
(1) K.Hanada, H.Zushi, M.Sakamoto
(2) K.Nagasaki
(1) Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu
University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
A2
“Experimental Planning of Multi-Beam Materials
Interactive Phenomena”
(1) A.Kohyama, Y.Katoh, A.Kimura, K.Morishita,
T.Mizuuchi, T.Obiki
(2) T.Muroga
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) National Institute for Fusion Science
“R&D of SiC/SiC Composites for Advanced Energy
Applications”
(1) A.Kohyama, Y.Katoh
(2) M.Kotani, Wen Yang,
(3) T.Noda
(4) C.A.Lewinsohn. R.H.Jones
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
(3) National Research Institute of Metals
(4) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
“Fusion Materials R&D with Use of Double Ion Beam
Facility (DuET)”
(1) A.Kimura, K.Morishita, A.Kohyama, Y.Katoh,
R.Kasada
(2) H.Matsui
(3) A.Hasegawa
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
(3) Department of Engineering, Tohoku University
“Point Defect Evolutions in Silicon Carbide”
(1) Y.Katoh, K.Jimbo, A.Kohyama
(2) H.Kishimoto, Kyong-Hwang Park
(3) Lance L.Snead
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(3) Oak Ridge National Laboratory
“Misorientation Dependence of Boundary Structure
for Si(001) Twist Boundaries”
(1) A.Otsuki, S.Ueda
(2) K.Ishihara
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
“Formation of Metal Nano-particles with Uniform
Size and Two Dimensional Super-Lattice Formation
by Self Assemblies”
(1) M.Adachi, S.Yoshikawa, Y.Sato
(2) Y.Mori
(3) K.Suzuki
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Faculty of Engineering, Doshisha University
(3) Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University
“Establishment of General Formation Methods of
Metal Oxide Nanotubes and/or Nanorods Applicable
for Metals with Four Valence Electrons”
(1) M.Adachi, S.Yoshikawa, Y.Sato
(2) M.Tanigaki, K.Kurumada
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
“Properties of the High Energy Region Produced by
Pulsed-Laser Irradiation to Solid-Liquid Interface”
(1) T.Sakka, Y.Ogata, T.Nakajima
(2) S.Nakabayashi
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Faculty of Sciences, Saitama University
“A Possible Use of Multiphoton Ionization of Rare
Gas Atoms as a Highly Polarized Electron Source”
(1) T.Nakajima, T.Sakka
(2) N.Yonekura
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Department of Science, Ryukyu University
“Tomographic Measurements of Phase Space
Distributions in Highly Brilliant Relativistic Electron
Beams”
(1) K.Masuda, T.Kii, T.Yamazaki, K.Nagasaki,
K.Yoshikawa
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Research of Irradiation Effects on Fusion Materials
with Use of DuET”
(1) R.Kasada, A.Kimura, K.Morishita, , A.Kohyama
(2) H.Iwakiri
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu
University
“Generation of High Quality Electron Beam using
Hollow Cathode”
(1) T.Kii, K.Masuda, T.Yamazaki, K.Yoshikawa,
H.Toku
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Fundamental Study on Microstructural Evolution
under Temperature Transition Condition during
Irradiation”
(1) K.Fukumoto, H.Matsui, T.Yamamoto, N.Nita, Y.Abe
(2) A.Kohyama, Y.Katoh,
(1) Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Formation of the Metal-Silicon Composite Materials
Utilizing the Semiconductor Properties in Wet
Process I: Effect of the HF Content During
Anodisation of P-Silicon”
(1) Didier Hamm, Y.Ogata, T.Sakka,
(2) Farid Harraz, J.Sasano
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
“High-Fluence Irradiation Behavior of Reduced
Activation Fusion Reactor Materials”
(1) S.Jitsukawa, H.Takeuchi, T.Sawai, K.Shiba, E.Wakai,
K.Nakamura, K.Furuya, H.Tanigawa, M.Ando
(2) A.Kohyama, Y.Katoh, K.Jimbo
(1) Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
A3
“Photogalvanic Cells Using Porous Silicon”
(1) Y.Ogata, T.Sakka, S.D.Hamm, A.Otsuki
(2) A.Katagiri
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, Kyoto
University
“Control
of
Nonlinear
Interactions
for
High-Brightness Coherent Soft X-Ray Generation”
(1) K.Miyazaki
(2) K.Yamakawa
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
“Study on Wet-Type Solar Cell Consisting of
TiO2/MOx/TiO2 Layered Semiconducting Electrodes
with a High Energy Conversion Efficiency”
(1) T.Yoko, T.Uchino, M.Takahashi
(2) Y.Ogata
(1) Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“The Measurements of Physical Properties of
Photo-Electrode in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells”
(1) A.Katagiri, T.Matsubara
(1) Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, Kyoto
University
“Fabrication and Characterization of Inverted Opal
with Photoelectric Convertibility”
(1) N.Yonekura
(2) T.Nakajima, T.Sakka
(1) Department of Science, Ryukyu University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
A4
“Development of Supercritical Water Utilization for
Energy and Material-Recycling Systems”
(1) K. Makino, A.Kohyama, Y.Katoh
(2) K.Tajima
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of
Technology
“Advanced Solar Cell”
(1) S.Yoshikawa, M.Adachi
(2) T.Yazawa, K,Ikeda
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) National Institute for Industrial Science and
Technology
“Statistical-Mechanical Study on Roles of Entropic
Excluded-Volume Effects in Biological Systems”
(1) M.Kinoshita
(2) F.Hirata
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Institute for Molecular Science
”Conversion of Methane to Methanol by Bio-Process”
(1) T.Kotaki
(2) N.Yumoto
(3) R.Ogawa
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) Osaka National Research Institute
(3) Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University
“Structure-based Design of Artificial Transcription
Factors”
(1) T.Morii, K.Makino, S.Sato
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Structure-based Design of Artificial Signal
Transducting Proteins”
(1) T.Morii, K.Makino, S.Sato
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Studies on DNA Sensing Devices Utilizing
Electrochemical Responses”
(1) K.Yamana
(2) K.Makino, T.Morii
(1) Faculty of Engineering, Himeji Institute of
Technology
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Effects of Dual-Ion Beam Irradiation on Share
Strength at Interface in SiC/SiC Composites”
(1) H.Takahashi, T.Shibayama
(2) A.Kohyama, Y.Katoh
(1) Center for Advanced Research of Energy Technology,
Hokkaido University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Mechanistic Investigation of Chemical Reactivity of
Biological Substances in Super Critical Fluid”
(1) K.Tajima, K.Kanaori, S.Hara
(2) K.Makino
(1) Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of
Technology
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
B
“Study of Plasma Sources Simulating Fusion Plasma
for Burial Dump Injection (V)”
(1) K.Yoshikawa, H.Toku, K.Nagasaki, K.Masuda,
T.Kii
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“The Effect of Nuclear Transmutation on Copper
Alloys for High Heat Flux Components of a Fusion
Reactor”
(1) K.Morishita, A.Kimura
(2) S.Ishino
(3) N.Yoshida, H.Watanabe
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(2) School of Engineering, Tokai University
(3) Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyusyu
University
“Properties of the Solid Surfaces Modified by
Micro-Structuring and Composite Formation”
(1) T.Sakka, A.Otsuki, Y.Ogata, Didier Hamm
(1) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Structural Control in Complex Cuprates and the
Non-Ohmic Conduction”
(1) K.Yoshida, K.Hachiya
(2) S.Ueda
(1) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“High Field ESR of Singlet Ground State Due to
Single Ion Anisotropy：Application to CsFeCl３”
(1) M.Chiba
(2) S.Ueda
(1) Department of Applied Physics, Fukui University
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
“Measurements of Density Fluctuations in CHS”
(1) K.Matsuo
(2) T.Obiki, T.Mizuuch, F.Sano
(3) K.Matsuoka, S.Okamura
(4) S.Kado
(5) K,Kondo
(1) Department of Electronic Engineering, Fukuoka
Institute of Technology
(2) Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
(3) National Institute for Fusion Science
(4) High Temperature Plasma Center, Tokyo University
(5) Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
University
SYMPOSIUM IN LABORATORY
Symposium
The Symposium has been arranged in order to
introduce the research activities in sections and to
enhance the mutual cooperation among different fields.
In 2001, four regular meetings and the annual meeting
for the cooperative research results were held with
following theme.
1. The regular meeting
The First Meeting, July 23, 2001
作花哲夫「レーザーアブレーション現象：発光スペ
クトルから何がわかるか？」
T. Sakka, “Laser ablation: Information from emission
spectra”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
The 2nd. Meeting, November 16, 2001
H. Ohgaki, “Laser-Compton gamma-ray at AIST(ETL)”,
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
The 3rd. Meeting, January 24, 2002
笠田竜太「核融合炉用低放射化鉄鋼材料の研究・開
発」
R. Kasada, “R&D of reduced-activation ferritic steels
with the view of public acceptance”, Institute of
Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
The 4th Meeting, March 8, 2002
安部武志「リチウム二次電池用電極/電解質界面にお
けるイオン移動反応の解析」
T. Abe, “Ion transfer at interface between electrode and
electrolyte for lithium ion batteries”, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University
2. The Annual Meeting for the Cooperative Research
Results, April 5, 2002
足立基齊「金属酸化物ナノチューブ・ナノロッドの
一般的合成法」
M. Adachi, “Generalized Formation Methods for
Nanotubes and Nanorods of Metal Oxide”, Institute of
Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
宮崎健創「高強度フェムト秒レ－ザ－による窒素分
子の配向とク－ロン爆発」
K. Miyazaki, “Alignment and Coulomb Explosion of
Nitrogen Molecules by High-intensity Femtosecond
Laser Pulses”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto
University
長崎百伸「ヘリオトロン J における ECH 局所加熱に
よるプラズマ制御」
K. Nagasaki, “Plasma Control by Localized ECH in
Heliotron J”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto
University
笠田竜太「核融合模擬環境下における低放射化鉄鋼
材料の特性評価」
R. Kasada, “ Material Properties of Reduced Activation
Steels by using Simulation Methods for Fusion Reactor
Environment”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto
University
吉川暹「ナノ構造体を用いた色素増感太陽電池の研
究」
S. Yoshikawa, “Dye-sensitized Solar Cell using Titania
Nanotubes”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto
University
森井孝「機能性スモールプロテインの設計」
T. Morii, “Design of Functional Small Protein Modules”,
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
中嶋隆「高強度レーザーによる希ガス原子の多光子
イオン化を応用した高偏極・高密度電子源」
T. Nakajima, “Polarized Electron Source utilizing
Multiphoton Ionization of Rare Gas Atoms by an Intense
Laser”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
紀井俊輝「断層撮影法による相対論的高輝度電子ビ
ームの位置・速度位相間分布測定」
T. Kii, “Tomographic Measurements of Phase Space
Distributions in Highly Brilliant Relativistic Electron
Beams”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
近藤克己「ヘリオトロン J における電子温度と不純
物の挙動について」
K. Kondo, “Behavior of the Electron Temperature and
Impurities in Heliotron J Plasmas” , Graduate School of
Energy Science, Kyoto University
作花哲夫「発光スペクトルによるアブレーション放
出種の空間分布の解析」
T. Sakka, “Spatial Distribution of Laser-ablation Species
Analyzed by Emission Spectra”, Institute of Advanced
Energy, Kyoto University
吉田起國「複合銅酸化物超伝導体における不均質ナ
ノ構造と非オーム性伝導」
K. Yoshida, “Non-ohmic Conduction due to
Nanostructural Inhomogeneity in High-Tc cuprate
superconductors”, Graduate School of Energy Science,
Kyoto University
大槻徴「シリコン結晶粒界のエネルギー」
A. Otsuki, “Energies of Grain Boundaries in Silicon
Crystals”, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto
University
COLLABORATION WORKS
WITH OTHER UNIVERSITIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
1.
Core University Program between Seoul National University
and Kyoto University on Energy Science and Engineering
From 1998 to 2007
Research
Task1: R & D of Highly Qualified Energy Sources,
and Their Applications to Advanced Energy
Systems.
1-1 Background and Purpose
In the 21st century, the advancement and the
realization of high definition energy sources, such as
quantum radiation, plasma sources, etc., is crucial for
the further advancement of science and technologies, as
well as decrease of carbon-dioxide emission.
The main purpose of this collaboration research is to
develop and improve the publicly acceptable new
energy sources for the fundamental energy systems.
These are essential to the high-tech industries, as well as
the academic clarification of the recent nonlinear, vastly
complicated energy systems, in particular, closely
related to energy generation, conversion and
transportation.
1-2 Contents and Outputs Anticipated
There are three sub-tasks of this research,
1) Overall Study of Highly-Qualified Energy
Sources,
2) Application of the Highly-qualified Energy
Sources to Energy Systems,
3) Clarification of Complicated Mechanisms
associated with Plasma Production, Conversion,
and Transport.
It is strongly anticipated that we will be able to
conceive, and clarify the energy sources in the 21st
century, which would be acceptable and necessary to
sustain continuous development of human beings in the
world, as well as those somewhat specific to Asian
countries. These will include newly developing
quantum radiation sources, as well as plasma sources
from viewpoint of advanced application to the industries,
and energy systems. For example, electron guns to
realize the highly brilliant relativistic electron beams, on
which most of the advanced technologies are based, is
one urgent subject to be conducted, through the
theoretical and experimental collaboration between
Korea and Japan, as well as various kinds of plasma
sources.
The related applications will eventually play an
important role to the human society in the 21st century
advanced technologies in, such as precise diagnostics,
medical treatment, photo-chemistry, new materials
production, LSI, nuclear waste disposal, isotope
separation, and so on.
Task2: R & D of Advanced Energy MaterialsMaterials/Energetic Particles Interaction2-1 Background and Purpose
In the advanced nuclear energy systems, excellent
performances of structural materials are demanded to
operate the system plant more efficiently and safely.
The material performance under severe environments,
such as neutron irradiation field, high temperature,
highly corrosive atmosphere and others will be the
critical issue to limit the life of advanced power plants.
Recently, in-situ measurements of material properties,
such as electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and
dimensional changes have been carried out with vital
efforts in many international collaborative researches in
order to develop high-performance materials under
neutron irradiation.
In this research, irradiation techniques for in-situ
measurements utilizing Japanese Material Test Reactor
(JMTR) in Japan and Hanaro reactor in Korea will be
developed to investigate materials performances under
neutron irradiation.
Also, the research and
development programs for life extension of the current
power reactors in each country will be introduced and
collaboratively operated for pursuing the highly
efficient and safe energy conversion systems.
2-2 Contents and Outputs Anticipated
There are three sub-tasks to,
1) Define and Solve the Material Issues for Nuclear
Power Plants,
2) Develop materials for Advanced Energy
Systems,
3) Fabricate Non-Equilibrium Materials by
Irradiation with Energetic Particles.
It is known to be very important to clearly understand
dynamic effects of neutron irradiation on material
properties for developing materials for advanced energy
systems as well as for operating reactors safely based on
precise and accurate predictions of material
performances under neutron irradiation. The major
subjects on this issue will be accomplished by the three
sub-tasks. Furthermore, the sound basis to establish an
international collaboration program on nuclear reactor
materials in Asia is anticipated by this collaboration.
Task3: R & D for Environmentally Clean Renewable
Energy Production Systems
3-1 Background and Purpose
Because of the imminent shortage of fossil fuels as
well as of extreme difficulty to increase nuclear power
utilization, development for the substitutive new energy
production systems is now one of the global first
priorities. However, no clue has been yet established
so far to achieve the breakthrough.
To overcome this, in this project, application of high
efficiency of biological conversion is considered potent
and promising. The goal of this collaboration research
is, therefore, to design and prepare environmentally
clean renewable energy production systems by
biological harnessing using chemically and biologically
manipulated enzymes, bacteria, etc., which utilize
ubiquitous environmental materials and light to convert
into energy-efficient substrates.
In this research project, bioremediation of
environmental factors harmful to living bodies will also
be studied.
3-2 Contents and Outputs Anticipated
There are three sub-tasks:
1) Exploration of biological systems to eliminate
environmental harmful materials to convert them
to energy sources,
2) Exploration and development and
3) Establishment of new biological clean energy
production systems for the next generation.
Elaborate collaboration research on these subjects
between Japanese and Korean scientists is expected to
end up with clean energy production system to
substitute currently adopted conventional fossil energy
consumption.
Above three tightly linked sub-tasks will be
successively carried out. In 1998, core scientists of the
both sides have discussed to choose appropriate potent
scientists from each side. 1999-2000, the first subject
will be carried out by the selected scientists, 2001-2003,
the second one based on the results of the subject 1, and
finally 2004-2006, the third one to accomplish the aim
of this project. In the last year of each subject, the
discussion on the next subject will be taken.
Purpose of 2002
Plan
This year we’ve got three research themes
concerning advanced energy system and materials, and
it forms the base of cooperative researches between
Korea and Japan from next year. We also try to find
common and individual research subjects by exchanging
information and surveying about advanced Energy
Conversion, Development of Advanced Functional
Materials, Use of Bioenergetics, and Superconducting
Magnet Applications.
Seminar
Seminars are held in either in Japan or Korea. It
aims at announcing the results of each cooperative
research. Scientists from the third countries from Asia
can also attend them.
S-01-1-1
プラズマ中の原子分子素過程とデータベースに関
する日韓セミナー
Korea-Japan Seminar on Atomic and Molecular
Processes in Plasmas and the Database
加藤隆子, 核融合科学研究所, 教授・Dong Eon Kim,
Pohang Institute of Science and Technology, Professor
Cooperative Research
This aims at implementing those researches which
were consulted by two core universities. Only those
scientists who are approved can join each research.
CR-01-1-1
「相対論的電子ビームの高輝度化とその高度応用」
"Highly brilliant relativistic electron beams and their
advanced applications"
山嵜鉄夫, 京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所, 教
授・Gun Sik Park, Seoul National University, Professor
CR-01-1-2
「高密度プラズマでの輻射過程」
"Radiation Processes in High Density Plasma"
加藤隆子, 核融合科学研究所, 教授・Dong Eon Kim,
Pohang Institute of Science and Technology, Professor
CR-01-1-3
「プラズマおよび核融合科学」
"Plasma and Fusion Science"
若谷誠宏, 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科,
教授・Yong Seok Hwang, Seoul National University,
Professor
CR-01-2-1
「原子力利用における理工学研究」
"Science and Engineering for Nuclear Energy
Utilization"
木村晃彦, 京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所, 教
授・In Sup Kim, Korea Advanced Institute of Science
and Technology, Professor
CR-01-2-2
「先進材料表面改質および接合の研究」
"Advanced Materials Surface Modification and Joining"
三宅正司, 大阪大学接合科学研究所, 教授・Choon
Sik Kang, Seoul National University, Professor
CR-01-2-3
「超電導科学技術の応用研究」
"Large Scale Application of Superconductivity science
and technology"
牟田一彌, 京都大学大学院工学研究科, 教授・Song
Yop Hahn, Seoul National University, Professor
CR-01-2-4
「原子力の計装制御系の認証、ソフトウェア検証お
よび認知工学」
"Nuclear I&C Equipment Qualification, Software V&V
and Cognitive Engineering"
吉川禜和, 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科,
教授・Seung Rok Oh, Dankook University, Assoc.
Professor
CR-01-2-5
「先進エネルギー変換・貯蔵材料に関する研究」
"Research on Advanced Materials for Energy
Conversion and Storage"
伊藤靖彦, 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科,
教 授 ・ Hasuck Kim, Seoul National University,
Professor
CR-01-2-6
「先進エネルギーシステム材料研究への電子顕微
鏡の応用」
"Application of Advanced Electron Microscopy to
Materials Research"
高橋平七郎, 北海道大学エネルギー先端工学研究
セ ン タ ー , 教 授 ・ Hu Chul Lee, Seoul National
University, Professor
CR-01-2-7
「次世代の原子力技術 -次世代の核燃料サイクル-」
"Next Generation Nuclear Technology -Next
Generation Nuclear Fuel Cycle-"
代谷誠治, 京都大学原子炉実験所, 教授・Myung
Hyun Kim, Kyung Hee University, Professor
CR-01-2-8
「環境助長割れ」
"Environmentally Assisted Cracking (EAC)"
庄司哲雄, 東北大学大学院工学研究科, 教授・Il
Soon Hwang, Seoul National
CR-01-2-9
「核融合理工学」
"Fusion Science and Engineering"
松井秀樹, 東北大学金属材料研究所, 教授・Soo
Woo Nam, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, Professor
CR-01-3-1
「クリーンエネルギー生産システムに関する開発
研究」
"Research and Development for Environmentally Clean
Renewable Energy Production Systems"
牧野圭祐, 京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所, 教
授・Tai Hyun Park, Seoul National University, Assist.
Professor
Personal Exchange
This program aims at consulting of each research
plans for each year. Participants should be involved
scientists and assistants if needed.
PE-01-3-1
「エネルギー利用に伴う大気環境影響：酸性雨」
"Atmospheric Environmental Problems Attendant on
Energy Use"
笠原三紀夫, 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究
科 , 教 授 ・ Young Joon Kim, Kwangju Institite of
Science and Technology, Professor
PE-01-4-1
運営委員会
Steering Committee Meeting
香山晃, 京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所, 教授・
Chang Hyo Kim, Seoul National University, Professor
2. Collaboration Works with Rajamangala Institute of Technology
The 1st Eco-Energy and Material Science and Engineering Symposium
November 22-23, 2001, Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thailand
The 1st Eco-Energy and Material Science and
Engineering Symposium was held at Rajamangala
Institute of Technology in Thailand (November 22-23,
2001). It forms a part of an international agreement
between our institute and Rajamangala Institute of
Technology. In the symposium, a variety of subjects
were discussed from the point of views of
environmentally-clean energy and new eco-suitable
materials.
Organizing Committe
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
Kiyoshi Yoshikawa, Prof., Director
Susumu Yoshikawa, Prof.
Katsutoshi Ohkubo, Prof.
Somkiat Thitipoomdeja, Assist. Prof., Head of Materials
and Metallurigical Engineering Department
Sommai Pivsa-Art, Associate Dean of Faculty of
Engineering
Amnuay Larpkasemsuk
Prakob Boonyonk
Ratchada Teparak
Waroonsiri Jarkrabutr
Anothai Polsuwan
Weerasak Moocharoen
Chavalit Sangswasd, Assist. Prof.
Kittipong Kimapong
Sirichai Torsakul
Watanachai Trusabunjong
Kullawadee Sungsanit
Narongchai O-Charoen
Maleerat Kumprasit
Rajamangala Institute of Technology
Numyoot Songthanapitak, Assist. Prof., President
Chatchai Dhienhirun, Assist. Prof., Vice-President
Pratuan Klinjumpa, Vice-President
Daorat Wongwikkan, Vice-President
Chalerm Muttiko, Dean of Faculty of Engineering
Churairat Duangduen, Assist. Prof., Director of
ChemicalReseach Instutute
Issaree Hunsacharoonroj, Assoc. Prof., Director of
Institute of Research and Development
Kobkul Prabpracha, Assoc. Prof., Director of Resource
Center
Kanokpol Nakawiwat, Director of Department of
Building and Site Development
Somkiat Thitipoomdeja, Assist. Prof., Head of Materials
and Metallurigical Engineering Department
Somchai Hiranvarodom, Associate Dean of Faculty of
Engineering
Sommai Pivsa-Art, Associate Dean of Faculty of
Engineering
Program
"Activities of Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto
University", Kiyoshi Yoshikawa (Institute of Advanced
Energy Kyoto University)
"Bio-energy as a Eco-available System", Susumu
Yoshikawa (Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto
University)
"A Framework for Planning and Monitoring of the
Implementation of Energy Conservation and
Development of Renewable Energy Resources",
Surapong Chirarattananon (Energy Program, Asian
Institute of Technology)
"New Quantum-Radiation Energy", Tetsuo Yamazaki
(Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University)
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University
"E-Z Photoisomerization of Olefin using Crowned
Triplet Sensitizers toward Chemical Storage of Solar
Energy", Ken Kokubo, Hidenobu Kakimoto and
Takumi Oshima (Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University)
Kiyoshi Yoshikawa, Prof., Director
Rajamangala Institute of Technology
"Confinement of High Temperature Plasmas", K.
Nagasaki1, F. Sano1, K. Kondo2, T. Mizuuchi1, H.
Program Committee
Okada1, M. Wakatani2, K. Hanatani1, Y. Nakamura2,
M. Nakasuga2, T. Obiki1, K. Yoshikawa1 (1Institute of
Advanced Energy Kyoto University, 2Graduate School
of Energy Science, Kyoto University)
"Development of Novel Elastomeric Blends Containing
Natural Rubber and Ultra-Low-Density Polyethylene",
Varaporn Tanrattanaku1 and W. Udomkichdecha2
(1Polymer Science Program, Faculty of Science, Prince
of Songkla University, 2Department of Material Science,
Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University)
"Rheology and Cure Characteristic of Tyre-Tread
Reclaimed Rubber / NR Compound", C. Kumnuantip1
and N. Sombatsompop2 (1The Joint Graduate School of
Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of
Technology Thonburi, 2DSchool of Energy and
Materials, King Mongkut's University of Technology
Thonburi)
"Complete-knock-down mini-sport stand constructed
with Steel Fibre Reinforced Mortar", Thamrong
Prempridi
(Graduate
School,
Vongchawalitkul
University)
"Micro-testing and Micro-sampling Techniques And the
Applications to Micro-mechanical and Microstructural
Analyses", Akira Kohyama (Institute of Advanced
Energy Kyoto University)
"Evaluation of Filler Effects of Tire Tread Rubbers in
Large Shearing Deformation Using Differential
Dynamic Modules as Predictor", Yoshinobu Inoue
(Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University of
Technology)
"Analytical Property Study of 18 Karat Gold", Pichet
Limsuwan1 and Kittipong Kimapong2 (1Department of
Physics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University
of Technology Thonburi, 2Department of Materials and
Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology)
"Formation of Silica and Titania Nanotubes through a
Surfactant-Assisted
Templating
Mechanism
in
Laurylamine / Metal Alkoxide System", Motonari
Adachi, Yusuke Murata, and Susumu Yoshikawa
(Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University)
"An Optional Design of PV Systems a Thai rural
village", S. Hiranvarodom1, R. Hill1, P. O'Keefe2 and
N. M. Pearsall3 (1Department of Electrical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala Institute of
Technology, 2Northumbria Photovoltaics Application
Centre, School of Engineering, University of
Northumbria, 3Department of Geography and
Environmental
Management,
University
of
Northumbria)
"Solar-energy Utilizing System for Highly Efficient
Production of Clean Energy: Preparation and
Photocatalysis of Nano-sized TiO2 Layered Films",
Takashi Sagawa, Makoto Kotani, Hideaki Nada,
Hideyuki Kanehara, Xiaoli Ji, and Katsutoshi Ohkubo
(Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University)
"Study on Biodegradable Plastics in Japan", Atsuyoshi
Nakayama (The Special Division for Human life
Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial
Science and Technology)
"The Synthesis of Ceramic Nanotubes / Nanowires
Using Quadrivalent Metal Alkoxide", Yusuke Murata,
Motonari Adachi, and Susumu Yoshikawa (Institute of
Advanced Energy, Kyoto University)
"Design and Synthesis of Artificial
-Helical
Polypeptides Conjugated with Porphyrin Chromophores
as a Basic Study for Peptide Engineering", Seiji
Sakamoto and Susumu Yoshikawa (Institute of
Advanced Energy, Kyoto University)
"Synthesis, Characterization and Biodegradability of
Biodegradable Copolyesteramides", Sommai Pivsa-Art1
and Atsuyoshi Nakayama2 (1Department of Materials
and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, 2The Special
Division for Human life Technology, Nattional Institute
of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)
"Bio-catalyst System for Energy-recycle use:
Photochemical System for Regeneration of NADH with
Multilayered TiO2 Nanoparticles", Takashi Sagawa1,
Mikako Kawaguchi1, Ryota Sueyoshi1,2, Hirotaka
Ihara1,2, and Katsutoshi Ohkubo1 (1Institute of
Advanced Energy Kyoto University, 2Department of
Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Kumamoto
University)
"Formation and Photo-Catalytic Activity of Composite
Nanotubes of Titania and Tinoxide", Sorapong
Pavasupree, Yusuke Murata, Motonari Adachi, and
Susumu Yoshikawa (Institute of Advanced Energy,
Kyoto University)
"Formation of Ceramic Nanotubes and Application for
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells", Issei Okada, Motonari
Adachi, Yusuke Murata, and Susumu Yoshikawa
(Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University)
"Formation of Gold Nono-wire by a Fusion of Gold
Nano-particles", Koichi Mori, Motonari Adachi, Yasuo
Sato, and Susumu Yoshikawa (Institute of Advanced
Energy, Kyoto University)
"Design and Synthesis of Combinatorial Peptide Library
with Porphyrin Binding Ability", Hiroyuki Fujimoto,
Seiji Sakamoto, and Susumu Yoshikawa (Institute of
Advanced Energy, Kyoto University)
"Cassava Rhizome: Potential to be an Alternative Fuel",
Doungrudee Supatimusro and Churairat Duangduen
(Chemical Research Institute, Rajamangala Institute of
Technology)
"A New Technique for Mearsuring True Temperatures
of Flowing PP Melt in a Circular Duct", Somjate
Patcharaphun and Narongrit Sombatsompop (Division
of Materials Technology, School of Engineering and
Materials, King Mongkut's University of Technology
Thonburi)
"Effects of Magnetic Fields on Die Swell of Polymer
Melts in Capillary Extrusion", Rapeephun Dangtungee
and Narongrit Sombatsompop (Division of Material
Technology, School of Engineering and Materials, King
Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi)
"Epoxidation and Degradation of Highly Purified
Natural Rubber", Warunee Klinklai, Seiichi Kawahara,
and Yoshinobu Inoue (Department of Chemistry,
Nagoya University of Technology)
"The
impact
Properties
of
Bulk
PS/LDPE Blends", Chatchai Kunyawut1 and Julia S.
Higgins2 (1Department of Chemical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala Institute of
Technology, 2Department of Chemical Engineering and
Chemical Technology, Imperial College of Science,
Technology and Medicine, University of London)
"A Study of Molecular Vibration Structure of
Tetraphenyl Derivatives of Group IV-A Elements Using
Inelastic Neutron Scattering", Sriwalai Om-apinyan1, U.
A. Jayasooriya2, J. Tomkinson3, and J. A. Stride4
(1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, 2School of
Chemical Science, University of East Anglia, 3Rather
Appleton Laboratory, 4Neutron Scattering Berlin
Center)
"Methane Production from the Biological Sulfate
Process Using Molasses as an Electron Donar and
Carbon Source", Saovapak Suktrakoolvait1 and Ajit P.
Annachhatre2 (1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Science, Rajamangala Institute of Technology,
2Environmental Engineering Program, Asian Institute
of Technology)
Compatibilized
3. Other Collaboration Works
Advanced
Division
Energy
Generation
Advanced Atomic Energy Research Section
イ リ ノ イ 大 学 核 融 合 研 究 所 （ Fusion Studies
Laboratory, University of Illinois）「慣性静電閉じ込
め核融合中性子源に関する研究」（Study of Neutron
Source Using Inertial Electrostatic Confinement
Fusion）山本 靖（Y. Yamamoto）.
拠点大学方式による学術交流事業（Core University
Program ）「 核 融 合 理 工 学 」 (Fusion Science and
Engineering), 山本 靖（N. Inoue, Y. Yamamoto）
子線生成に関する研究」,竹内
浩、吉川
日本原子力研究所,「負イオンビームとプラズマ中
のイオンとの相互作用に関する研究」, 奥村 義和、
渡部 和弘、吉川 潔
核融合科学研究所, 「放電型核融合中性子源内にお
ける電界分布の分光的時間・空間高精緻計測」, 須
藤 滋、吉川 潔
イオン工学研究所, 「加工・構造部材のナノ表面改
質技術の高度化と応用に関する調査研究」, 吉川
潔
財団法人カシオ科学振興財団, 「増田
研究助成」, 増田 開
Advanced Particle Beam Energy Research
Section
日本原子力研究所,「レーザ誘起蛍光法による空
間・時間高分解能電界計測用高効率励起ヘリウム原
潔
開に対する
核融合科学研究所・LHD 計画共同研究, 「ECH を
用いた非誘導方式プラズマ生成と完全電流駆動プ
ラズマの長時間維持に関する研究」, 長崎百伸
核融合科学研究所・LHD 計画共同研究, 「高密度プ
ラズマＥＣＨ法の開発」, 長崎百伸
Division
核融合科学研究所・LHD 計画共同研究, 「複合照射
条件下におけるプラズマ対向材および燃料粒子挙
動の解明」, 長崎百伸
九州大学応用力学研究所, 「電子サイクロトロン共
鳴加熱のための高パワーミリ波伝送系に関する研
究」, 長崎百伸
Advanced Plasma Energy Research Section
核融合科学研究所, 「ヘリカル型装置の閉じ込め改
善に関する研究」, 大引得弘、佐野史道、花谷清、
水内亨、長崎百伸、岡田浩之、森本茂行、北島純男、
核融合科学研究所 LHD、CHS 研究グループ、他
核融合科学研究所, 「ヘリカル系におけるダイバー
タの研究」, 大引得弘、中須賀正彦、水内亨、長
崎百伸
核融合科学研究所, 「ダイバータにおける複合現象
共同研究者」, 水内亨、野田信明、田辺哲朗、高
村秀一、吉田直亮、森田健治、他
核融合科学研究所, 「水素原子及び不純物のスペク
トル線の超微細構造の測定による LHD 定常プラズ
マの解析」, 近藤克己、佐野史道、大引得弘、水
内亨、長崎百伸、須藤滋、他
核融合科学研究所, 「準軸対称ヘリカル装置の概念
設計」, 松岡啓介、岡村昇一、大引得弘、佐野史
道、近藤克己、若谷誠宏、花谷清、水内亨、中村祐
司、長崎百伸、岡田浩之、別生榮、中須賀正彦、他
応用力学研究所, 「プラズマ・核融合分野の研究推
進システムの検討」, 後藤誠一，犬竹正明，大引
得弘，水内亨，前川孝，田中仁，岡田成文，山中龍
彦，西原功修，他
CIEMAT（スペイン）, 「ヘリオトロン J における
ECH，ECE のためのレイトレーシングコード開発」,
V. Tribaldos、長崎百伸、水内亨、大引得弘、他
ハリコフ研究所（ウクライナ）, 「核融合科学研究
所
研究課題：, ヘリカル型装置におけるダイバータプ
ラズマに関する研究」, V.V.Chechkin、水内亨、大
引得弘、増崎貴、他
Adavanced
Energy
Conversion
Advanced
Section
Energy
Materials
Research
核融合科学研究所, 「高性能ブランケット用低放射
化フェライト鋼の開発」,香山 晃, 加藤雄大, 神保
光一, 木村晃彦, 森下和功, 柴山環樹, 幸野 豊,
廣瀬貴規, 朴 峻秀, 西 義武, 小栗和也,室賀健夫,
西村 新, 井上徳之, 長坂琢也, 相良明男, 本島
修
核融合科学研究所, 「核融合炉材料の微小試験片に
よる損傷評価」, 加藤雄大, 栗下裕明, 香山 晃, 岡
田亜紀良, 佐藤 学, 木村晃彦, 森下和功, 山本琢
也, 福元謙一, 柴山環樹, 岩井岳夫, 芹澤 久, 谷
川博康, 安堂正巳, 檜木達也, 小谷政規, 岸本弘立,
楊
文, 安田和弘, 佐東信司, 室賀健夫, 西村
新, 井上徳之, 坂本隆一, 長坂琢也, 野田信明, 本
島 修
東北大学金属材料研究所, 「核融合炉用先進複合材
料の中性子照射効果」, 香山 晃, 加藤雄大, 檜木
達也, 董 紹明, 岸本弘立, 小谷政規, 楊 文, 朴
峻秀, 野澤貴史, 広中敬祐, 荻原寛之, 近藤創介,
植西 徹
東北大学金属材料研究所, 「フェライト系共通試料
の中性子照射効果」,香山 晃, 加藤雄大, 幸野 豊,
鳴井 實, 廣瀬貴規, 酒瀬川英雄, 鈴木貴史, 荻原
寛之, 戸花敏勝, 林 小夏
Advanced Energy Transportatin Research
Section
（財）福井県産業振興財団,「短パルス高強度レー
ザーによる機能性硬質薄膜制御技術の研究」, 宮崎
健創（エネルギー理工学研究所）, 安丸尚樹（福井
県産業振興財団コア研究室・兼業研究員）,木内淳
介（福井県産業振興財団コア研究室・兼業研究員）
核融合科学研究所共同研究,「細管内の水の上向流
における沸騰限界熱流束」, 畑 幸一（エネルギ−
理工学研究所）, 佐藤肇幸（エネルギー科学研究科）
塩津正博（エネルギー科学研究科）
野田信明（核融合科学研究所）
核融合科学研究所 LHD 計画共同研究, 「高熱負荷
ダイバータ冷却設計データベースに関わる銅円管
内強制対流沸騰熱伝達と限界熱流束の研究」,畑
幸一（エネルギ− 理工学研究所）, 佐藤肇幸（エネ
ルギー科学研究科）, 塩津正博（エネルギー科学研
究科）, 野田信明（核融合科学研究所）
核融合科学研究所 LHD 計画共同研究, 「超流動ヘ
リウム中での超伝導コイルの過渡的な冷却安定性
の評価試験」, 塩津正博（エネルギー科学研究科）
白井康之（エネルギー科学研究科）, 畑 幸一（エ
ネルギ− 理工学研究所）, 濱 勝彦（エネルギー理
工学研究所）, 達本衡輝（エネルギー科学研究科）
塚本修巳（横浜国立大学）, 山岸一人（横浜国立大
学）, 付 猷昆（横浜国立大学）, 竹尾正勝（九州
大学）, 福田研二（九州大学）, 小林久恭（日本大
学）, 岡本哲至（東京工業大学）, 本島 修（核融
合科学研究所）, 今川信作（核融合科学研究所）, 柳
長門（核融合科学研究所）, 岩本晃史（核融合科学
研究所）, 前川龍司（核融合科学研究所）, 濱口真
司（核融合科学研究所）
核燃料サイクル開発機構,「ナトリウムの沸騰伝熱
特性に関する研究」,塩津正博（エネルギー科学研
究科）, 白井康之（エネルギー科学研究科）, 畑 幸
一（エネルギ− 理工学研究所）, 竹内右人（エネル
ギー理工学研究所）, 濱 勝彦（エネルギー理工学
研究所）
Advanced Energy Storage Research Section
核融合科学研究所，「核融合炉工学要素技術開発」，
木村晃彦 他
University of Illinois at Urbana Campaign, "Application
of Small Specimen Technology to Evaluation of
Material Performance under Neutron Irradiation", J.F.
Stubbins, A. Kimura
Seoul National University, "Improvement of material
performance of PVS by addition of nickel", Hu-Chull
Lee, A. Kimura (CUP)
Seoul National University, "Evaluation of IGSCC of
welded SUS304", Il Soon Hwang, A. Kimura (CUP)
Seoul National University, "Irradiation Effects on
SUS304 clad PVS", In Sup Kim, A. Kimura
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA, "A
Multiscale Modeling of Radiation Damage Process", K.
Morishita, B.D. Wirth, T. Diaz de la Rubia
九州大学応用力学研究所，「核融合炉材料のガス不
純物挙動に関する研究」，森下和功，菅野隆一朗，
北尾 健，笠田竜太、木村晃彦、岩切宏友，高尾康
之，吉田直亮
日本 AEM 学会，「材料劣化機構の電磁解明」分科
会，森下和功，中曽根，塚田 隆，青砥，荒 克之，
海老根典也，葛西直子，宮 健三，山田興治 他
文部科学省核融合科学研究所，平成 13 年度共同研
究員，森下和功
原子力安全システム研究所，「原子力材料の照射脆
化基礎研究」，木村晃彦 他
Complex Plasma Systems Research Section
核燃料サイクル開発機構，「マルテンサイト系酸化
物分散強化鋼の照射効果」，木村晃彦 他
核融合科学研究所「ヘリカル型装置の閉じ込め改善
に関する研究」（研究分担者：佐野史道、花谷清、
岡田浩之）
名古屋産業科学研究所，「炉内構造物における照射
損傷組織の回復挙動に関する研究」，木村晃彦 他
東北大学金属材料研究所，「軽水炉圧力容器鋼の健
全性評価に関する研究」，木村晃彦 他
核融合科学研究所共同研究「準軸対称ヘリカル装置
の概念設計」（研究分担者：佐野史道、花谷清）
核融合科学研究所共同研究「LHD における輸送閉
じ込め研究」 （研究分担者：佐野史道）
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, "R&D of
Reduced Activation Martensitic Steels for Fusion
Blanket Material", R.L. Klueh, A. Kimura
核融合科学研究所共同研究「先進ヘリカル磁場配位
の研究」（研究分担者：花谷清）
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA,
"Assessment of Helium Effects on Ferritic Steels", D.S.
Gelles, A. Kimura
核融合科学研究所共同研究「CHS における閉じ込
め・加熱実験（所内主導型）」（研究分担者：花谷
清）
Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute (Technical
University) (MEPhl-MIFI), "Irradiation Influence on
Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloys", V.P. Filippov, A. Kimura
核融合科学研究所・汎用計算機利用共同研究「ヘリ
オトロン J における NBI 加熱のモンテカルロ・シミ
ュレーション」（研究代表者：花谷清）
Section
核融合科学研究所共同研究「プラズマ理論の諸問題
と展開」（研究分担者：花谷清）
岡崎国立共同研究機構分子科学研究所理論研究系,
「第一原理からのタンパク質の立体構造予測シミ
ュレーション法の開発」, 木下正弘、岡本祐幸、平
田文男
核融合科学研究所共同研究「LHD における ICRF 加
熱実験の解析と計画検討」（研究分担者：岡田浩之）
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Chemical Reaction
Research Section
Complex
Processes
Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen, "Laser
assisted nickel deposition onto silicon", Yukio H. Ogata,
Junji Sasano, Tetsuo Sakka, Patrik Schmuki
Molecular
Assembly
Design
Department of Chemistry, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, "Development of Microscopic
Theory for Metal-Aqueous Electrolyte Solution
Interface", M. Kinoshita and G. N. Patey
Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of National
Academy of Science of Ukraine, "Development of
Methodology for Predicting Approximate Shapes and
Size Distribution of Micelles", M. Kinoshita and M.
Holovko
Research
4. Agreement for Scientific Cooperation
京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所（京都府宇治市・
日本）— スペイン国立ＣＩＭＡＴ研究所（マドリッ
ド・スペイン）との間の相互科学協力協定，2001
年 5 月 16 日
AGREEMENT for Scientific Cooperation Between
Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University and
Centro
de
Investigaciones
Enerģeticas,
Medioambientales y Tecológicas, Madrid, Spain.
Final sign on 16 May 2001.
京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所（京都府・日本）
— エアランゲン・ニュルンベルク大学材料科学（エ
アランゲン・ドイツ）との間の相互科学交流協定，
2001 年 7 月 24 日
AGREEMENT for Scientific Cooperation Between
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Japan
and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
of the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Final sign on 24 July 2001.
3. Other Collaboration Works
Advanced
Division
Energy
Generation
Advanced Atomic Energy Research Section
イ リ ノ イ 大 学 核 融 合 研 究 所 （ Fusion Studies
Laboratory, University of Illinois）「慣性静電閉じ込
め核融合中性子源に関する研究」（Study of Neutron
Source Using Inertial Electrostatic Confinement
Fusion）山本 靖（Y. Yamamoto）.
拠点大学方式による学術交流事業（Core University
Program ）「 核 融 合 理 工 学 」 (Fusion Science and
Engineering), 山本 靖（N. Inoue, Y. Yamamoto）
Advanced Particle Beam Energy Research
Section
日本原子力研究所,「レーザ誘起蛍光法による空
間・時間高分解能電界計測用高効率励起ヘリウム原
子線生成に関する研究」,竹内 浩、吉川 潔
日本原子力研究所,「負イオンビームとプラズマ中
のイオンとの相互作用に関する研究」, 奥村 義和、
渡部 和弘、吉川 潔
核融合科学研究所, 「放電型核融合中性子源内にお
ける電界分布の分光的時間・空間高精緻計測」, 須
藤 滋、吉川 潔
イオン工学研究所, 「加工・構造部材のナノ表面改
質技術の高度化と応用に関する調査研究」, 吉川
潔
財団法人カシオ科学振興財団, 「増田 開に対する
研究助成」, 増田 開
核融合科学研究所・LHD 計画共同研究, 「ECH を用
いた非誘導方式プラズマ生成と完全電流駆動プラ
ズマの長時間維持に関する研究」, 長崎百伸
核融合科学研究所・LHD 計画共同研究, 「高密度プ
ラズマＥＣＨ法の開発」, 長崎百伸
核融合科学研究所・LHD 計画共同研究, 「複合照射
条件下におけるプラズマ対向材および燃料粒子挙
動の解明」, 長崎百伸
九州大学応用力学研究所, 「電子サイクロトロン共
鳴加熱のための高パワーミリ波伝送系に関する研
究」, 長崎百伸
Advanced Plasma Energy Research Section
核融合科学研究所, 「ヘリカル型装置の閉じ込め改
善に関する研究」, 大引得弘、佐野史道、花谷清、
水内亨、長崎百伸、岡田浩之、森本茂行、北島純男、
核融合科学研究所 LHD、CHS 研究グループ、他
核融合科学研究所, 「ヘリカル系におけるダイバー
タの研究」, 大引得弘、中須賀正彦、水内亨、長
崎百伸
核融合科学研究所, 「ダイバータにおける複合現象
共同研究者」, 水内亨、野田信明、田辺哲朗、高
村秀一、吉田直亮、森田健治、他
核融合科学研究所, 「水素原子及び不純物のスペク
トル線の超微細構造の測定による LHD 定常プラズ
マの解析」, 近藤克己、佐野史道、大引得弘、水
内亨、長崎百伸、須藤滋、他
核融合科学研究所, 「準軸対称ヘリカル装置の概念
設計」, 松岡啓介、岡村昇一、大引得弘、佐野史
道、近藤克己、若谷誠宏、花谷清、水内亨、中村祐
司、長崎百伸、岡田浩之、別生榮、中須賀正彦、他
応用力学研究所, 「プラズマ・核融合分野の研究推
進システムの検討」, 後藤誠一，犬竹正明，大引
得弘，水内亨，前川孝，田中仁，岡田成文，山中龍
彦，西原功修，他
CIEMAT（スペイン）, 「ヘリオトロン J における
ECH，ECE のためのレイトレーシングコード開発」,
V. Tribaldos、長崎百伸、水内亨、大引得弘、他
ハリコフ研究所（ウクライナ）, 「核融合科学研究
所
研究課題：, ヘリカル型装置におけるダイバータプ
ラズマに関する研究」, V.V.Chechkin、水内亨、
大引得弘、増崎貴、他
Adavanced
Energy
Conversion
Division
Advanced
Section
Energy
Materials
Research
核融合科学研究所, 「高性能ブランケット用低放射
化フェライト鋼の開発」,香山 晃, 加藤雄大, 神
保光一, 木村晃彦, 森下和功, 柴山環樹, 幸野 豊,
廣瀬貴規, 朴 峻秀, 西 義武, 小栗和也,室賀健
夫, 西村 新, 井上徳之, 長坂琢也, 相良明男, 本
島 修
核融合科学研究所, 「核融合炉材料の微小試験片に
よる損傷評価」, 加藤雄大, 栗下裕明, 香山 晃, 岡
田亜紀良, 佐藤 学, 木村晃彦, 森下和功, 山本琢
也, 福元謙一, 柴山環樹, 岩井岳夫, 芹澤 久, 谷
川博康, 安堂正巳, 檜木達也, 小谷政規, 岸本弘立,
楊
文, 安田和弘, 佐東信司, 室賀健夫, 西村
新, 井上徳之, 坂本隆一, 長坂琢也, 野田信明, 本
島 修
東北大学金属材料研究所, 「核融合炉用先進複合材
料の中性子照射効果」, 香山 晃, 加藤雄大, 檜木
達也, 董 紹明, 岸本弘立, 小谷政規, 楊 文, 朴
峻秀, 野澤貴史, 広中敬祐, 荻原寛之, 近藤創介,
植西 徹
東北大学金属材料研究所, 「フェライト系共通試料
の中性子照射効果」,香山 晃, 加藤雄大, 幸野 豊,
鳴井 實, 廣瀬貴規, 酒瀬川英雄, 鈴木貴史, 荻原
寛之, 戸花敏勝, 林 小夏
Advanced Energy Transportatin Research
Section
（財）福井県産業振興財団,「短パルス高強度レー
ザーによる機能性硬質薄膜制御技術の研究」, 宮崎
健創（エネルギー理工学研究所）, 安丸尚樹（福井
県産業振興財団コア研究室・兼業研究員）,木内淳
介（福井県産業振興財団コア研究室・兼業研究員）
核融合科学研究所共同研究,「細管内の水の上向流
における沸騰限界熱流束」, 畑 幸一（エネルギ−
理工学研究所）, 佐藤肇幸（エネルギー科学研究科）
塩津正博（エネルギー科学研究科）
野田信明（核融合科学研究所）
核融合科学研究所 LHD 計画共同研究, 「高熱負荷
ダイバータ冷却設計データベースに関わる銅円管
内強制対流沸騰熱伝達と限界熱流束の研究」,畑
幸一（エネルギ− 理工学研究所）, 佐藤肇幸（エネ
ルギー科学研究科）, 塩津正博（エネルギー科学研
究科）, 野田信明（核融合科学研究所）
核融合科学研究所 LHD 計画共同研究, 「超流動ヘ
リウム中での超伝導コイルの過渡的な冷却安定性
の評価試験」, 塩津正博（エネルギー科学研究科）
白井康之（エネルギー科学研究科）, 畑 幸一（エ
ネルギ− 理工学研究所）, 濱 勝彦（エネルギー理
工学研究所）, 達本衡輝（エネルギー科学研究科）
塚本修巳（横浜国立大学）, 山岸一人（横浜国立大
学）, 付 猷昆（横浜国立大学）, 竹尾正勝（九州
大学）, 福田研二（九州大学）, 小林久恭（日本大
学）, 岡本哲至（東京工業大学）, 本島 修（核融
合科学研究所）, 今川信作（核融合科学研究所）, 柳
長門（核融合科学研究所）, 岩本晃史（核融合科学
研究所）, 前川龍司（核融合科学研究所）, 濱口真
司（核融合科学研究所）
核燃料サイクル開発機構,「ナトリウムの沸騰伝熱
特性に関する研究」,塩津正博（エネルギー科学研
究科）, 白井康之（エネルギー科学研究科）, 畑 幸
一（エネルギ− 理工学研究所）, 竹内右人（エネル
ギー理工学研究所）, 濱 勝彦（エネルギー理工学
研究所）
Advanced Energy Storage Research Section
核融合科学研究所，「核融合炉工学要素技術開発」，
木村晃彦 他
原子力安全システム研究所，「原子力材料の照射脆
化基礎研究」，木村晃彦 他
核燃料サイクル開発機構，「マルテンサイト系酸化
物分散強化鋼の照射効果」，木村晃彦 他
名古屋産業科学研究所，「炉内構造物における照射
損傷組織の回復挙動に関する研究」，木村晃彦 他
東北大学金属材料研究所，「軽水炉圧力容器鋼の健
全性評価に関する研究」，木村晃彦 他
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, "R&D of
Reduced Activation Martensitic Steels for Fusion
Blanket Material", R.L. Klueh, A. Kimura
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA,
"Assessment of Helium Effects on Ferritic Steels", D.S.
Gelles, A. Kimura
Moscow State Engineering-Physics Institute (Technical
University) (MEPhl-MIFI), "Irradiation Influence on
Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloys", V.P. Filippov, A. Kimura
University of Illinois at Urbana Campaign, "Application
of Small Specimen Technology to Evaluation of
Material Performance under Neutron Irradiation", J.F.
Stubbins, A. Kimura
Seoul National University, "Improvement of material
performance of PVS by addition of nickel", Hu-Chull
Lee, A. Kimura (CUP)
Seoul National University, "Evaluation of IGSCC of
welded SUS304", Il Soon Hwang, A. Kimura (CUP)
Seoul National University, "Irradiation Effects on
SUS304 clad PVS", In Sup Kim, A. Kimura
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA, "A
Multiscale Modeling of Radiation Damage Process", K.
Morishita, B.D. Wirth, T. Diaz de la Rubia
核融合科学研究所共同研究「CHS における閉じ込
め・加熱実験（所内主導型）」（研究分担者：花谷
清）
核融合科学研究所・汎用計算機利用共同研究「ヘリ
オトロン J における NBI 加熱のモンテカルロ・シミ
ュレーション」（研究代表者：花谷清）
核融合科学研究所共同研究「プラズマ理論の諸問題
と展開」（研究分担者：花谷清）
核融合科学研究所共同研究「LHD における ICRF 加
熱実験の解析と計画検討」（研究分担者：岡田浩之）
Advanced Energy Utilization Division
Chemical Reaction
Research Section
Complex
Processes
九州大学応用力学研究所，「核融合炉材料のガス不
純物挙動に関する研究」，森下和功，菅野隆一朗，
北尾 健，笠田竜太、木村晃彦、岩切宏友，高尾康
之，吉田直亮
Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen, "Laser
assisted nickel deposition onto silicon", Yukio H. Ogata,
Junji Sasano, Tetsuo Sakka, Patrik Schmuki
日本 AEM 学会，「材料劣化機構の電磁解明」分科会，
森下和功，中曽根，塚田 隆，青砥，荒 克之，海
老根典也，葛西直子，宮 健三，山田興治 他
Molecular
Section
文部科学省核融合科学研究所，平成 13 年度共同研
究員，森下和功
岡崎国立共同研究機構分子科学研究所理論研究系,
「第一原理からのタンパク質の立体構造予測シミ
ュレーション法の開発」, 木下正弘、岡本祐幸、平
田文男
Complex Plasma Systems Research Section
核融合科学研究所「ヘリカル型装置の閉じ込め改善
に関する研究」（研究分担者：佐野史道、花谷清、
岡田浩之）
核融合科学研究所共同研究「準軸対称ヘリカル装置
の概念設計」（研究分担者：佐野史道、花谷清）
核融合科学研究所共同研究「LHD における輸送閉じ
込め研究」 （研究分担者：佐野史道）
Assembly
Design
Research
Department of Chemistry, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, "Development of Microscopic
Theory for Metal-Aqueous Electrolyte Solution
Interface", M. Kinoshita and G. N. Patey
Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of National
Academy of Science of Ukraine, "Development of
Methodology for Predicting Approximate Shapes and
Size Distribution of Micelles", M. Kinoshita and M.
Holovko
核融合科学研究所共同研究「先進ヘリカル磁場配位
の研究」（研究分担者：花谷清）
4. Agreement for Scientific Cooperation
京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所（京都府宇治
市・日本）— スペイン国立ＣＩＭＡＴ研究所（？・
スペイン）との間の相互科学協力協定，2001 年 5
月 16 日
AGREEMENT for Scientific Cooperation Between
Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University and
Faculty of Engineering Dong-Eui University. Final
sign on 16 May 2001.
京都大学エネルギー理工学研究所（京都府・日
本）— エアランゲン・ニュルンベルク大学材料科学
（?・ ドイツ ）との間の相互科学交流協定，2001
年 7 月 24 日
AGREEMENT for Scientific Cooperation Between
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University,
Japan and Korea Basic Science Institute, Republic of
Korea. Final sign on 24 July 2001.
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
1.
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
（文部科学省および日本学術振興会科学研究費補助金）
Adavanced Energy Generation Division
山本 靖（分担），基盤研究（Ｃ），一般，「回転磁
界による定常超高ベータプラズマの生成に関する
理論研究」（代表：関西大学工学部 大西正視）
吉川 潔、基盤研究(B)(2)、「放電型核融合中性資
源内における電界分布の分光的時間・空間計測」
増田 開、奨励研究(A)、「ホロー陰極利用による高
周波電子銃生成電子ビームの高輝度・長パルス化」
伊原博隆（代表），基盤研究(B)(2)展開，「自己集
積型キラル配向場を固定化した HPLC 用光学分割剤
の開発」
山田弘司、基盤研究（B）「高温プラズマ中の高β
プラズモイド散逸への非一様磁場の影響」
山田弘司、基盤研究（A）「核融合プラズマ燃料供
給のための固体水素ペレット生成射出装置の高耐
久化」
Adavanced Energy Utilization Division
Adavanced Energy Conversion Division
中嶋隆（代表）, 基盤研究(B) (1) 「高融点金属
原子の自動電離準位を用いた真空紫外域における
非線形光学」
尾形幸生，萌芽的研究，「光そのものの特性を利用
する半導体上への湿式光アシスト金属析出とパタ
ーニング」
作花哲夫，基盤研究（C），「界面張力波の光散乱
スペクトルによる液液界面物性の解析」
春山富義，新富孝和，木村誠宏，塩津正博，畑幸一，
白井康之，水戸利行，前川龍司，岩本晃史，佐藤明
男，三木孝史，基盤研究（Ａ）「He II 冷却による
超伝導磁石システム設計のためのデータベース構
築」
Didier Hamm，奨励研究（A），「湿式プロセスに
よる半導体特性を利用する金属-シリコン複合材料
の形成」
塩津正博，畑幸一，白井康之，基盤研究（Ｂ）「超
流動ヘリウムの３次元的熱流動特性とその機構」
木下正弘、基盤研究(C)(2)、「ミセル形態及びサイ
ズ分布の第一原理的予測法の構築」
木村晃彦（代表），基盤研究（B）（２）「低放射
化マルテンサイト鋼における高濃度ヘリウム注入
による自己修復機能の発現」
佐川 尚，奨励研究(A)，「亜鉛含有鋳型高分子錯体
触媒による二酸化炭素固定化用光合成型変換シス
テムの構築」
木村晃彦（分担），基盤研究（A）一般「核融合炉
材料の照射下応答の体系化」（代表：東北大学工学
研究科・阿部勝憲）
牧野圭祐, 基盤研究 B(2), 「腫瘍学的一酸化窒素生
体内動態の化学的解明」
佐野史道（代表）、特定領域研究（B）「ヘリカル
磁場配位の最適化」
岡田浩之（分担）、基盤研究（C)「トーラス磁場を
用いた高密度ヘリコン波プラズマの生成に関する
研究」
足立基齊, 基盤研究 B(2),「逆ミセルによる均一粒径
金属超微粒子の調整と二次元自己組織体の創製」
足立基齊, 基盤研究Ｃ(2) ,「分子集合体を鋳型とす
るナノ・メゾスケールの高次構造材料形成機構」
森井孝, 基盤研究 C(2), 「生体内シグナル応答性高
選択的 DNA 結合スモールプロテインの創製」
2.
Others
（その他の補助金）
Adavanced Energy Generation Division
山嵜鉄夫, 受託研究（日本原子力研究所）, 「L バ
ンド光電子銃技術に関する調査」
大垣英明, 受託研究（（株）野村総合研究所）, 「加
速器の制御システムに関する研究」
山本 靖（分担），受託研究（イオン工学研究所）,
「高密度プラズマによるシース形成，シース動特性
の理論解析とシミュレーション」
山本 靖，奨学寄付金（日立製作所）,「エネルギ
ー理工学研究所 山本靖助教授に対する研究助成」
吉川 潔，受託研究（日本原子力研究所），
「レーザ
誘起蛍光法による空間・時間高分解能電界計測用高
効率励起ヘリウム原子線生成に関する研究」
吉川 潔，受託研究（日本原子力研究所），
「負イオ
ンビームとプラズマ中のイオンとの相互作用に関
する研究」
吉川 潔，実験技術・開発共同研究（核融合科学研
究所），
「放電型核融合中性子源内における電界分布
の分光的時間・空間高精緻計測」
木村晃彦（代表），受託研究（原子力安全システム
研究所），「原子炉圧力容器鋼の照射脆化に関する
基礎研究」
木村晃彦（代表），奨学寄付金（名古屋産業科学研
究所），「原子力エネルギー材料研究助成」
木村晃彦（代表），受託研究（核燃料サイクル機構），
「9Cr 系 ODS 鋼の重照射効果に関する研究」
木村晃彦（代表），共同研究（核融合科学研究所），
「核融合ブランケット要素技術開発研究」
森下和功（代表），奨学寄付金（東電記念科学技術
研究所），研究助成「照射脆化機構に基づいた原子
炉圧力容器鋼健全性評価手法高度化のための基礎
研究」
笠田竜太，奨学寄付金（日本原子力産業会議
原子力懇談会），「研究助成のため」
関西
伊原博隆（代表），助成研究（佐川先端科学技術振
興財団）
伊原博隆（代表幹事），産学官連携促進事業費（経
済産業省）
吉川 潔，受託研究（イオン工学研究所），
「加工・
構造部材のナノ表面改質技術の高度化と応用に関
する調査研究」
伊原博隆（代表），奨学寄付金（チッソ㈱）
増田 開，奨学寄付金（財団法人カシオ科学振興財
団），「増田 開に対する研究助成」
伊原博隆（分担），共同研究（日本原子力研究所）
伊原博隆（代表），奨学寄付金（坂本石灰㈲）
Adavanced Energy Utilization Division
Adavanced Energy Conversion Division
香山 晃，受託研究（科学技術振興事業団），「低
環境負荷エネルギー用複合機能構造材料の開発研
究」
宮崎健創（主査），科学技術振興調整費総合研究（文
部科学省），「短波長高密度パルス光の高機能化技
術の研究」
木村晃彦（代表），受託研究（名古屋産業科学研究
所），「炉内構造物の照射損傷とその回復挙動に関
する研究」
吉川 暹, 科学技術振興調整費総合研究費, 「固相
精密合成によるケミカルライブラリーの構築を基
盤とする超機能性材料の創製と評価に関する研究」
足立基齊，即効型産業技術研究助成事業費助成金
（新エネルギー・産業技術総合開発機構）「分子集
合体を鋳型とするセラミックナノチューブ等ナノ
サイズ材料の創製」
大久保捷敏，受託研究（株式会社 関西新技術研究
所），「メタン・メタノール変換に係わるメタン資
化菌酵素の発現と活性に関する研究」
牧野圭祐，未来開拓学術研究推進事業研究プロジェ
クト「新機能人工核酸の化学的創出」; 分担「機能
構造をもった人工核酸の化学による創出」
牧野圭祐（分担），未来開拓学術研究推進事業研究
プロジェクト,「機能構造をもった人工核酸の化学
による創出」
森井 孝, さきがけ研究,「複数のサブユニットから
成るテーラーメイド人工酵素の創製」
PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS
Adavanced Energy Generation Division
Quantum Radiation Energy Research Section
Publications
Z. Dong, K. Masuda, K. Kii, T. Yamazaki and K.
Yoshikawa, "Numerical analysis of radiation buid-up in
an FEL oscilator", Nuclear Instruments & Methods in
Physics Research, A475 (2001) pp.187-189.
T. Kii, T. Yamaguchi, R. Ikeda, Z. Dong, K. Masuda, H.
Toku, K. Yoshikawa and T. Yamazaki, "Experiment and
analysis on back-bombardment effect in thermionic RF
gun", Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics
Research, A475 (2001) pp.588-592.
K. Masuda, J. Kitagaki, Z. Dong, T. Kii, T. Yamazaki
and K. Yoshikawa, "A design study of a staggered array
undulator for high longitudinal uniforminity of
undulator peak fields by use of a 2-D code", Nuclear
Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, A475
(2001) pp.608-612
J. Kitagaki, K. Masuda, Z. Dong, T. Kii, T. Yamazaki
and K. Yoshikawa, "A design study on electron beam
confinement in a staggered array undulator based on a
3D code", Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics
Research, A475 (2001) pp.613-616
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, T. Koyama, K. Taruya, K.
Masuda, Y. Yamamoto, H. Toku, T. Kii, H. Hashimoto,
N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi and H. Horiike, "Measurements of
strongly localized potential well profiles in an inertial
electrostatic fusion neutron source", Nuclear Fusion, 41
(2001) pp.717-720
T. Shima, Y. Nagai, T. Baba, T. Takahashi, T. Kii, H.
Ohgaki and H. Toyokawa, "GDR problem in
photodisintergarion of He-4", NUCLEAR PHYSICS A,
687 (2001) pp.127C-131C
K. Yamada, N. Sei, H. Ohgaki, T. Mikado and T.
Yamazaki, "Characteristics of the NIJI-IV UV-VUVFEL
system - toward lasing down to 150 nm using a compact
storage ring", Nuclear Instruments & Methods in
Physics Research, A475 (2001) pp.205-210
H. Harada, K. Furutaka, H. Ohgaki and H. Toyokawa,
"Fine structure of giant resonance in the Si-28(gamma,
abs) reaction", Journal of Nuclear Science and
Technology, 38 (2001) pp.465-469
H. Utsunomiya, Y. Yonezawa, H. Akimune, T. Yamagata,
M. Ohta, H. Toyokawa, H. Ohgaki and K. Sumiyoshi,
"Photodisintegration of Be-9 and reaction rate for
alpha(alpha n, gamma) Be-9", NUCLEAR PHYSICS A,
688 (2001) pp.340c-343c
H. Utsunomiya, Y. Yonezawa, H. Akimune, T. Yamagata,
M. Ohta, H. Toyokawa and H. Ohgaki,
"Photodisintegration of Be-9 with laser-induced
Compton backscattered gamma rays", PHYSICA, 6301
(2001) pp.18801
三角 智久, 大垣 英明, 大平 俊行, 鈴木 良一, 清
紀弘, 豊川 弘之, 山田 家和勝, 野口 勉, 千脇 光
國, 岡部 茂雄, 小川 博嗣, 安本 正人, "産総研リニ
ア ッ ク 施 設 の 現 状 と 利 用 研 究 (2001 年 )",
Proceedings of the 26th Linear Accelerator Meeting in
Japan KEK, Tsukuba, Japan, (2001) pp.10-12
紀井 俊輝, 甘崎 哲, 堀井 智弘, 増田 開, 吉川 潔,
大垣 英明, 山嵜 鉄夫, "熱陰極高周波電子銃におけ
る back-streaming 電子の定量的評価", Proceedings of
the 26th Linear Accelerator Meeting in Japan KEK,
Tsukuba, Japan, (2001) pp.153-155
T. Horii, K. Masuda, S. Amazaki, T. Kii, H. Toku, H.
Ohgaki, T. Yamazaki, and K. Yoshikawa, "TRANSIENT
BEAM LOADING EFFECTS CAUSED BY
BACK-STREAMING
ELECTRONS
ONTO
A
THERMIONIC CATHDE IN AN RF GUN",
Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on Accelerator
Science and Technology (2001) pp.34-36
T. Tomimasu, H. Ohgaki, H. Toyokawa, M. Yasumoto, Y.
Iwasaki, Y. Yamatsu, N. Koga, Y. Hashiguchi, and Y.
Ochiai, "The Saga Synchrotron Light Source I",
Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on Accelerator
Science and Technology, (2001) pp.190-191
T. Mikado, K. Yamada, H. Ohgaki, T. Ohdaira, R.
Suzuki, N. Sei, H. Toyokawa, T. Noguchi, M. Chiwaki,
S. Sugiyama, H. Ogawa, and M Yasumoto,
"ELECTRON ACCELERATOR FOR FACILITY AT
THE AIST", Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on
Accelerator Science and Technology, (2001) pp.202-204
S. Amazaki, T. Horii, T. Kii, K, Masuda, H. Toku, H.
Ohgaki, K. Yoshikawa, and T. Yamazaki, "THE
EFFECT OF BACK_STREAMING ELECTRONS TO
CATHODE SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN RF GUN,
Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on Accelerator
Science and Technology, (2001) pp.211-213
Completely Polarized Photon Beam 、 International
Conference on Nuclear Data for Science anf Technology、
つくば市、2001 年 10 月 11 日
K. Masuda, T. Kii, T. Yamaguchi, H. Toku, K.
Yoshikawa, and T. Yamazaki, "Studies on BackStreaming Electrons onto a Thermionic Cathode in an
RF gun", Proc. of the 10th International Symposium on
Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, (2001)
pp.323-324
H. Harada, K. Furutaka, H. Toyokawa, H. Ohgaki：
Super-High-Resolution Measurement of Photo-Nuclear
Cross Sections、International Conference on Nuclear
Data for Science anf Technology、つくば市、2001 年
10 月 11 日
Presentations
Norihiro Sei, Kawakatsu Yamada, Hideaki Ohgaki,
Hiroshi Ogawa, Masato Yasumoto, Tomohisa Mikado: A
study of broad-band free electron laser with a compact
storage ring NIJI-IV、2nd Asian Particle Accelerator
Conference、Beijing/China、2001/9/19
K. Masuda, T. Kii, T. Yamaguchi, H. Toku, K.
Yoshikawa, and T. Yamazaki, "Studies on BackStreaming Electrons onto a Thermionic Cathode in an
RF gun", Proceedings on the 10th International
Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and
Mechanics, Tokyo, Japan, May 13-16 2001
T. Yamazaki, H. Ohgaki, K. Masuda, T. Kii, S. Amazaki,
H. Toku, and K. Yoshikawa, "A Design of KUFEL,
Proceedings on The 23th International Free Electron
Laser Conference and 8th FEL Users Workshop,
Darmstadt, Germany, Aug. 13-19, 2001
Toshiteru Kii , Kai Masuda, Satoshi Amazaki, Tomohiro
Horii, Hisayuki Toku, Kiyoshi Yoshikawa, Hideaki
Ohgaki and Tetsuo Yamazaki, "Evaluation of thermal
effects due to back-streaming electrons in IAE RF gun",
Proceedings on The 23th International Free Electron
Laser Conference and 8th FEL Users Workshop,
Darmstadt, Germany, Aug. 13-19, 2001
K. Masuda, T. Horii, S. Amazaki, T. Kii, H. Ohgaki, T.
Yamazaki, and K. Yoshikawa, "Transient beam loading
effects due to back-streaming electrons onto a
thermionic cathode in an rf gun" Proceedings on The
23th International Free Electron Laser Conference,
Darmstadt, Germany, Aug. 13-19, 2001
Z.-W. Dong, K. Masuda, T. Kii, T. Yamazaki, and K.
Yoshikawa, "Multi-mode competition in an FEL
oscillator at perfect synchronism of an optical cavity",
Proceedings on The 23th International Free Electron
Laser Conference, Darmstadt, Germany, Aug. 13-19,
2001
大 垣 英 明 ： Laser-Compton Gamma-ray Beam at
AIST(ETL):development and applicaiton, 第 1 回 FEL
応用・核異性体ワークショップ、原研東海、2001
年 9 月 28 日
大垣
英明、豊川 弘之：Parity Measurements with
Norihiro Sei, Kawakatsu Yamada, Hideaki Ohgaki,
Tomohisa Mikado, Masato Yasumoto, Hiroshi Ogawa :
Study of expected performance of the hard X-ray beam
for the FEL-X project、23rd International Free Electron
Laser Conference、Darmstadt/Germany、2001/8 /22
Tomimasu Takio, Ohgaki Hideaki, Toyokawa Hiroyuki,
Yasumoto Masato, Iwasaki Y., Yamatsu Y., Koga
Nobuyuki, Hashiguchi Yasushi, Ochiai Yuuji : THE
SAGA SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE, The
second asian particle accelerator conference, Beijing/
China, 2001/9/19
Kawakatsu Yamada, Norihiro Sei, Masato Yasumoto,
Hiroshi Ogawa, Tomohisa Mikado, Hideaki Ohgaki:
Improvement of the storage ring and lasing
characteristics in the NIJI-IV FEL, 23rd International
Free Electron Laser Conference, Darmstadt/Germany,
2001/8/20
山田 家和勝, 清 紀弘, 安本 正人, 小川 博嗣,
三角 智久, 大垣 英明 : 真空紫外域発振を目指
した NIJI-IV 自由電子レーザー研究の現状, 日本物
理学会 2001 年秋季大会, 2001 年 9 月 20 日
豊川弘之, 大垣英明, 三角智久, 山田家和勝, 清紀
弘, 大平俊之, 鈴木良一, 安本正人, 小川博嗣, 野
口勉 : 産総研電子加速器施設の将来計画, 放射光
学会特別シンポジウム, 東京, 2001 年 10 月 11 日
Adavanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Atomic Energy Research Section
Publications
N. Inoue, "Japanese Fusion Program and ITER", Fusion
Technology, vol.39, pp.293-297(2001).
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, Y. Yamamoto, K. Masuda,
H. Toku, T. Koyama, K. Taruya, H. Hashimoto, M.
Ohnishi, H. Horiike, and N. Inoue, "Measurement of
Plasma Core Properties in an Inertial Electrostatic
Confinement Fusion Device", Fusion Technology,
vol.39, pp.486-491 (2001).
Y. Iwamoto, T. Shirouzu, Y. Yamamoto, and N. Inoue,
"Preliminary Results of Cylindrical Electrostatic
Confinement Experiment", Fusion Technology, vol.39,
pp.552-556 (2001).
Y. Yamamoto, R. Kusaba, T. Shirouzu, and N. Inoue,
"Effects of Electrode Shape on Fusion Reaction Rate in
a Cylindrical Electrostatic Confinement Device", Fusion
Technology, vol.39, pp.557-561 (2001).
K. Masuda, K. Taruya, T. Koyama, H. Hashimoto, K.
Yoshikawa, H. Toku, Y. Yamamoto, M. Ohnishi, H.
Horiike, and N. Inoue, "Identification of D-D Fusion
Reaction by Simultaneous Neutron and Proton
Measurements in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement
Fusion Device", Fusion Technology, vol.39, pp.562-566
(2001).
K. Kodera, Y. Takeuchi, Y. Yamamoto, and N. Inoue,
"Extraction of Runaway Electrons from Helical
Magnetic Confinement System", Fusion Technology,
vol.39, pp.1096-1100 (2001).
Y. Yamamoto, R. Kusaba, T. Shirouzu, and N. Inoue,
"Effects of Electrode Shape on Performance of a
Cylindrical Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion
Device", Fusion Technology, vol.39, pp.1188-1192
(2001).
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, H. Toku, T.
Koyama, K. Taruya, H. Hashimoto, Y. Yamamoto, M.
Ohnishi, H. Horiike, and N. Inoue, "Strongly Localized
Porential Profile Measurements through Stark Effects in
the Central Core Region of an Inertial Electrostatic
Confinement Fusion Device", Fusion Technology,
vol.39, pp.1193-1201 (2001).
K. Masuda, K. Taruya, T. Koyama, H. Hashimoto, K.
Yoshikawa, H. Toku, Y. Yamamoto, M. Ohnishi, H.
Horiike, and N. Inoue, "performance Characteristics of
an Inertial Electrostatic Fusion Device with a
Triple-grid System",
pp.1202-1210 (2001).
Fusion
Technology,
vol.39,
M. Ohnis Fusion Technology, vol.39, p.1202-1210
(2001). hi, H. Osawa, K. Yoshikawa, K. Masuda, and Y.
Yamamoto, "Particle-In-Cell Simulation of Inertial
Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Plasma", Fusion
Technology, vol.39, pp.1211-1216 (2001).
Presentations
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, Y. Yamamoto,
H. Toku, T. Koyama, H. Hashimoto, A. Nagabuchi, T.
Mizutani, M. Ohnishi, H. Horiike, N. Inoue, "Potential
Profile Measurement by Laser-Induced Fluorescence
Method in a Discharge Plasma", US-Japan Workshop on
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Source,
March 22-23, 2001, Huntsville, AL, USA.
Y. Yamamoto, K. Noborio, N. Inoue, "Analysis of He
Discharge in the Spherical IECF Device using Modified
PDS-1 Code", US-Japan Workshop on Inertial
Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Source, March
22-23, 2001, Huntsville, AL, USA.
M. Ohnishi, H. Osawa, K. Yoshikawa, Y. Yamamoto,
"Particle
Simulation
of
Inertial
Electrostatic
Confinement Fusion Plasma", US-Japan Workshop on
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Source,
March 22-23, 2001, Huntsville, AL, USA.
小山隆弘，橋本宏文，永渕昭弘，水谷俊之，多幾山
憲，増田 開，督 壽之，山本 靖，大西正視，井
上信幸，吉川 潔，「慣性静電閉じ込め核融合装置
のおけるプラズマコアの計測」，日本原子力学会
2001 年春の年会，2001 年 3 月 27-29 日，D39．
M. Ohnishi, H. Osawa, K. Yoshikawa, and Y. Yamamoto,
"Particle
Simulation
of
Inertial
Electrostatic
Confinement Fusion Plasma", Japan-Korea CUP
Workshop on Fusion and Plasma Science, July 30-31,
2001 at Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Y. Yamamoto, M. Ohnishi, "Small Neutron and Proton
Source using Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion",
Japan-Korea CUP Workshop on Fusion and Plasma
Science, July 30-31, 2001 at Seoul National University,
Seoul, Korea.
大澤穂高，大西正視，吉奥 忍，脇坂直樹，宮城敦
浩，吉川 潔，増田 開，山本 靖，「放電型プラ
ズマ中性子源（IEC）の粒子シミュレーション」，日
本原子力学会 2001 年秋の大会，武蔵工業大学，2001
年 9 月 19-21 日，C29．
山本 靖，登尾一幸，井上信幸，「１次元粒子シミ
ュレーションコードによる球形慣性静電閉じ込め
（S-IEC）装置の放電特性解析」，日本原子力学会
2001 年秋の大会，北海道大学，2001 年 9 月 19-21
日，C30．
台野 貢，東 孝紀，岩元 祐，山本 靖，竹内右
人，「円筒形慣性静電閉じ込め方式核融合に関する
研究」，プラズマ・核融合学会第 18 回年会，クロー
バープラザ，2001 年 11 月 27-30 日，29aA01．
小寺 慶，山本 靖，竹内右人，「ヘリカル装置か
らの荷電粒子の引き出し」，プラズマ・核融合学会
第 18 回年会，
クローバープラザ，
2001 年 11 月 27-30
日，27pB35P．
K. Kodera, Y. Takauchi, Y. Yamamoto, H. Yamada,
"Extraction of Charged particles from Helical Device",
Joint Conference of The 12th International Toki
Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear
Fusion and The 3rd General Scientific Assembly of Asia
Plasma Fusion Association, December 11-14, 2001,
Toki, Japan.
T. Sakai, K. Noborio, Y. Yamamoto, "Analysis of an
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device using
a Particle Code with Monte Carlo Collision Scheme",
19th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering,
January 21-25, 2002, Trump Plaza, Atlantic City, NJ,
USA, PC-2-19.
M. Daino, Y. Iwamoto, Y. Yamamoto, "Study of
Compact Neutron Source using Inertial Electrostatic
Confinement Fusion (IECF)", 19th IEEE/NPSS
Symposium on Fusion Engineering, January 21-25,
2002, Trump Plaza, Atlantic City, NJ, USA, PC-2-17.
T. Mizutani, K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, Y.
Yamamoto, H. Toku, K. Nagasaki, H. Hashimoto, A.
Nagabuchi, M. Ohnishi, H. Horiike, N. Inoue,
"Measurements of the Energy Distribution of Fast
Excited Atoms by Doppler Shift Spectroscopy in a
Spherical Symmetric Inertial Electrostatic Confinement
Fusion Device", 19th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on
Fusion Engineering, January 21-25, 2002, Trump Plaza,
Atlantic City, NJ, USA, OC-7-3.
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, Y. Yamamoto,
H. Toku, K. Nagasaki, H. Hashimoto, A. Nagabuchi, T.
Mizutani, M. Ohnishi, H. Horiike, N. Inoue, "Potential
Profile Measurements by Laser-induced Fluorescence
Method in a Helium Discharge Plasma", 19th
IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering,
January 21-25, 2002, Trump Plaza, Atlantic City, NJ,
USA, OC-7-4.
T. Mizutani, K. Masuda, K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, Y.
Yamamoto, H. Toku, K. Nagasaki, H. Hashimoto, A.
Nagabuchi, and M. Ohnishi, "Measurements of the
Energy Distribution of Fast Excited Atoms by Doppler
Shift Spectroscopy", US-Japan Workshop on Inertial
Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Source, March
25-26, 2002, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, Mo06.
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, Y. Yamamoto,
H. Toku, K. Nagasaki, H. Hashimoto, A. Nagabuchi, T.
Mizutani, and M. Ohnishi, "Potential Profile
Measurements by Laser-induced Fluorescence Method
in a Helium Discharge Plasma", US-Japan Workshop on
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Source,
March 25-26, 2002, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, Mo07.
M. Imoto, K. Masuda, K. Yoshikawa, Y. Yamamoto, K.
Nagasaki, H. Toku, and M. Ohnishi, "Two-dimensional
Simulation on asymmetry to high voltage feedthrough in
a spherical IEC device", US-Japan Workshop on Inertial
Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Source, March
25-26, 2002, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, Mo11.
Y. Yamamoto, T. Sakai, and K. Noborio, "Analysis of an
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device using
a Particle Code with Monte Carlo Collision Scheme",
US-Japan Workshop on Inertial Electrostatic
Confinement Neutron Source, March 25-26, 2002, Uji,
Kyoto, Japan, Tu02.
H. Osawa, M. Ohnishi, A, Miyagi, K. Yoshikawa, Y.
Yamamoto, and K. Masuda, "Three-dimensional particle
trajectories in IEC Fusion Device", US-Japan Workshop
on Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Source,
March 25-26, 2002, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, Tu03.
Adavanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Particle Beam Energy Research Section
Publications
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, H. Toku, T.
Koyama, K. Taruya, H. Hashimoto, A. Nagabuchi, T.
Mizutani, Y. Yamamoto, M. Ohnishi, H. Horiike, and N.
Inoue, "Measurements of Plasma Core Properties in an
Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device",
Fusion Technology 39-2 (2001) 486-491.
K. Masuda, K. Taruya, T. Koyama, H. Hashimoto, K.
Yoshikawa, H. Toku, Y. Yamamoto, M. Ohnishi, H.
Horiike, and N. Inoue, "Identification of D-D Fusion
Reaction by Simultaneous Neutron and Proton
Measurements in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement
Fusion Device", Fusion Technology 39-2 (2001)
562-566.
K. Nagasaki, Y. Itoh, K. Sakamoto, T. Obiki, T.
Maekawa, H. Morioka, T. Terumichi, M. Asakawa, M. G.
Shats, and H. Punzmann, "Polarizers with Nonrectangular Grooves for High Power Millimeter Waves",
Fusion Engineering and Design 53 (2001) 491-497.
K. Nagasaki, M. G. Shats, H. Smith and H. Punzmann,
"Power Absorption Calculation for Electron Cyclotron
Resonance Heating in H-1 Heliac", Journal of the
Physical Society of Japan 70 (2001) 617-620.
W. M. Solomon, M. G. Shats, D. Korneev, and K.
Nagasaki, "Collective microwave scattering diagnostic
on the H-1 heliac", Rev. Sci. Instruments 72 (2001)
352-354.
T. Mizuuchi, M. Nakasuga, F. Sano, Y. Nakamura, K.
Nagasaki, H. Okada, K. Kondo, and T. Obiki, "Island
divertor in a helical-axis heliotron device (Heliotron J)",
Journal of Nuclear Materials 290-293 (2001) 678-682.
T. Obiki, T. Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, F. Sano,
K. Hanatani, Y. Liu, T. Hamada, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara,
W.L. Ang, Y. Ikeda, T. Kobayashi, T. Takamiya, M.
Takeda, Y. Ijiri, T. Senju, K. Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto, K.
Toshi, M. Shibano, K. Kondo, S. Besshou, Y. Nakamura,
M. Nakasuga, M. Wakatani, O. Yamagishi, K. Aizawa, Y.
Kawazome, S. Maeno, and K. Tomiyama, "First plasmas
in Heliotron J", Nuclear Fusion 41 (2001) 833-844.
M. Ohnishi, H. Osawa, K. Yoshikawa, and K. Masuda,
"Particle-In-Cell Simulation of Inertial Electrostatic
Confinement Fusion Plasma", Fusion Technology 39-3
(2001) 1211-1216.
K. Masuda, K. Taruya, T. Koyama, H. Hashimoto, K.
Yoshikawa, H. Toku, Y. Yamamoto, M. Ohnishi, H.
Horiike, and N. Inoue, "Performance Characteristics of
an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device
with a Triple-Grid System", Fusion Technology 39-3
(2001) 1202-1210.
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, H. Toku, T.
Koyama, K. Taruya, H. Hashimoto, Y. Yamamoto, M.
Ohnishi, H. Horiike, and N. Inoue, "Strongly Localized
Potential Profile Measurements through Stark Effects in
the Central Core Region of an Inertial-Electrostatic
Fusion Device", Fusion Technology 39-3 (2001)
1193-1201.
K. Masuda, J. Kitagaki, Z.-W. Dong, T. Kii, T.
Yamazaki, and K. Yoshikawa, "A Design Study of a
Staggered Array Undulator for High Longitudinal
Uniformity of Undulator Peak Fields by use of a 2-D
Code", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics
Research A 475 (2001) 608-612
J. Kitagaki, K. Masuda, T. Kii, T. Yamazaki, and K.
Yoshikawa, "A Design Study on Electron Beam
Confinement in a Staggered Array Undulator Based on a
3-D Code", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in
Physics Research A 475 (2001) 613-616.
Z.-W. Dong, K. Masuda, T. Kii, T. Yamazaki, and K.
Yoshikawa, "Numerical Analysis of Radiation Build-up
in an FEL Oscillator", Nuclear Instruments and Methods
in Physics Research A 475 (2001) 187-189.
T. Kii, T. Yamaguchi, R. Ikeda, Z.-W. Dong, K. Masuda,
H. Toku, K. Yoshikawa, and T. Yamazaki, "Experiment
and analysis on back-bombardment effect in thermionic
RF gun", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics
Research A 475 (2001) 588-592.2.2
Presentations
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, T. Koyama, K. Taruya, K.
Masuda, Y. Yamamoto, H. Toku, T. Kii, H. Hashimoto,
N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, and H. Horiike, "Measurements
of Strongly Localized Potential Well Profiles in an
Inertial Electrostatic Fusion Neutron Source", Nuclear
Fusion 41-6 (2001) 717-720.
吉川 潔, 「核融合中性子応用」、第 17 回「核融合
炉」夏期セミナー, ソウル国立大学, ソウル, 韓国,
2001 年 7 月 30-31 日．
K. Nagasaki, "Heliotron J Project", Japan Korea CUP
Workshop on Fusion and Plasma Science, Seoul
National University, Seoul, Korea, July 30-31, 2001.
K. Nagasaki, F. Sano, K. Kondo, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada,
M. Wakatani, K. Hanatani, Y. Nakamura, M. Nakasuga,
T. Obiki, and K. Yoshikawa, "Confinement of High
Temperature Plasmas", 1st Eco-Energy, and Materials
Science and Engineering Symposium, Rajamangala
Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand, Nov.
22-23, 2001.
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, Y. Yamamoto,
H. Toku, K. Nagasaki, H. Hashimoto, A. Nagafuchi, T.
Mizutani, M. Ohnishi, and H. Horiike, "Potential Profile
Measurements by Laser-Induced Fluorescence Method
in a Helium Discharge Plasma", 19th IEEE/NPSS
Symposium on Fusion Engineering, Atlantic City, NJ,
USA, January 22-25, 2002.
K. Masuda, T. Mizutani, K. Yoshikawa, K. Nagasaki, K.
Takiyama, H. Toku, H. Hashimoto, and A. Nagafuchi,
"Measurement of the Energy Distribution of Fast
Excited Atoms by Doppler Shift Spectroscopy in an
Inertial- Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device", 19th
IEEE/ NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering,
Atlantic City, NJ, USA, January 22-25, 2002.
K. Nagasaki, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, F. Sano, K. Kondo,
S. Besshou, M. Nakasuga, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, K.
Aizawa, W. L. Ang,, Y. Ikeda, H. Kawazome, T.
Kobayashi, S. Maeno, T. Takamiya, M. Takeda, T.
Tomiyama, M. Iriguchi, Y. Ohno, H. Kubo, Y. Nishioka,
V. Tribaldos, V. Orlov, A. Pavelyev, A. Tolkachev, and T.
Obiki, "Plasma Production and Non-Electromagnetic
Resonant ECH in Heliotron J", 13th International
Stellarator Workshop, Canberra, Australia, February 25March 1, 2002.
T. Obiki, H. Okada, T. Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, F. Sano,
K. Kondo, M. Wakatani, K. Hanatani, Y. Nakamura, S.
Besshou, M .Nakasuga, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, W. L.
Ang, H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, T. Takamiya, M. Takeda,
K. Tomiyama, H. Tsuru, M. Iriguchi, H. Kubo, Y.
Nishioka, Y. Ohno, H. Yukimoto, Y. Ijiri, T. Senju, K.
Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto, K. Tohshi, M. Shibano, V.
Tribaldos, and F. Tabares, "Overview of Recent
Experiments in Heliotron J", 13th International
Stellarator Workshop, Canberra, Australia, February 25March 1, 2002.
T. Mizuuchi, W. L. Ang,, T. Kobayashi, Y. Nishioka, M.
Nakasuga, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, S. Besshou, F. Sano,
K. Kondo, Y. Nakamura, T. Hamada, Y. Manabe, H.
Shidara, K. Aizawa, Y. Ikeda, Y, H. Kawazome, S.
Maeno, T. Takamiya, M. Takeda, K. Tomiyama, H.
Tsuru, M. Iriguchi, H. Kubo, Y. Ohno, H. Yukimoto, Y.
Ijiri, T. Senju, K. Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto, K. Tohshi, M.
Shibano, M. Wakatani, and T. Obiki, "Edge Plasma
Characteristics of 53 GHz ECH Discharges in Heliotron
J", 13th International Stellarator Workshop, Canberra,
Australia, February 25- March 1, 2002.
H. Punzmann, M. Shats, K. Nagasaki and H. Smith, "28
GHz ECH System for H-1", 13th International
Stellarator Workshop, Canberra, Australia, February 25March 1, 2002.
K. Masuda, T. Kii, T. Yamaguchi, H. Toku, K.
Yoshikawa, and T. Yamazaki, "Studies on BackStreaming Electrons onto a Thermionic Cathode in an
RF gun", the 10th International Symposium on Applied
Electromagnetics and Mechanics, Tokyo, Japan, May
13-16, 2001
紀井俊輝, 甘崎 哲, 堀井智弘, 増田 開, 吉川
潔, 大垣英明, 山嵜鉄夫,「熱陰極高周波電子銃にお
ける back-streaming 電子の定量的評価」, the 26th
Linear Accelerator Meeting in Japan, Tsukuba, Japan,
Aug. 1-3, 2001.
吉川 潔, 井上信幸, 山嵜鉄夫, 多幾山憲, 増田
開, 督 寿之, 山本 靖, 大西正視, 堀池 寛,「原
子力基礎研究のための球状収束イオンビーム核融
合中性子源に関する研究」, 日本原子力学会 2001
年秋の大会, 北海道大学, 2001 年 9 月 19-21 日．
橋本宏文, 多幾山憲, 永渕昭弘, 水谷俊之, 増田
開, 督 寿之, 長崎百伸, 大西正視, 吉川 潔,「慣
性静電閉じ込め核融合装置における微弱電場強度
分布計測」, 日本原子力学会 2001 年秋の大会, 北海
道大学, 2001 年 9 月 19-21 日．
松村慎也, 増田 開, 紀井俊輝, 山嵜鉄夫, 長崎百
伸, 吉川 潔,「自由電子レーザにおける使用済み電
子ビームのエネルギー回収に関する粒子シミュレ
ーション」, 日本原子力学会 2001 年秋の大会, 北海
道大学, 2001 年 9 月 19-21 日．
堀井知弘, 甘崎 哲, 池田竜太, 紀井俊輝, 増田
開, 督 寿之, 山嵜鉄夫, 吉川 潔, 「熱陰極高周波
電子銃における入射電力波形制御によるビームエ
ネルギーの安定化」, 日本原子力学会 2001 年秋の
大会, 北海道大学, 2001 年 9 月 19-21 日．
T. Horii, K. Masuda, S. Amazaki, T. Kii, H. Toku, H.
Ohgaki, T. Yamazaki, and K. Yoshikawa, "TRANSIENT
BEAM LOADING EFFECTS CAUSED BY
BACK-STREAMING
ELECTRONS
ONTO
A
THERMIONIC CATHDE IN AN RF GUN", the 13th
Symposium on Accelerator Science and Technology,
Osaka, Japan, Oct.29-31,2001.
S. Amazaki, T. Horii, T. Kii, K, Masuda, H. Toku, H.
Ohgaki, K. Yoshikawa, and T. Yamazaki, "THE
EFFECT OF BACK_STREAMING ELECTRONS TO
CATHODE SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN RF GUN",
the 13th Symposium on Accelerator Science and
Technology, Osaka, Japan, Oct.29-31, 2001.
長崎百伸, 「ヘリカルにおける高周波によるプラズ
マ制御の成果と今後の課題」, プラズマ・核融合学
会第 18 回年会, シンポジウム IX-3, クローバープ
ラザ, 福岡県春日市, 2001 年 11 月 27 日－30 日．
洪遠齢, 水内亨, 中須賀正彦, 近藤克己, 佐野史道,
長崎百伸, 岡田浩之, 別生栄, 千住徹, 矢口啓二,
真鍋義人, 設楽弘之, 川染勇人, 武田全史, 高宮太
承,津留寛樹, 前野正吾, 冨山圭史, 大野宜則, 西岡
佑亮, 大引得弘, 「ヘリオトロン J におけるダイバ
ータプラズマの特性」, プラズマ・核融合学会第 18
回年会, クローバープラザ, 福岡県春日市, 2001
年 11 月 27 日-30 日．
西岡佑亮, 水内亨, 近藤克己, 佐野史道, 長崎百伸,
岡田浩之, 中須賀正彦, 別生栄, 千住徹, 矢口啓二,
真鍋義人, 設楽弘之, 洪遠齢, 川染勇人, 武田全史,
高宮太承, 津留寛樹, 前野正吾, 冨山圭史, 大野宜
則, 大引得弘, 「ヘリオトロン J における ECH 放電
時の SOL プラズマ特性」, プラズマ・核融合学会第
18 回 年 会 , ク ロ ー バ ー プ ラ ザ , 福 岡 県 春 日 市 ,
2001 年 11 月 27 日-30 日．
設楽弘之, 長崎百伸, 坂本欣三, 中須賀正彦, 大引
得弘, 「ヘリオトロン J における 70GHzECH システ
ムの構築」, プラズマ・核融合学会第 18 回年会, ク
ローバープラザ, 福岡県春日市, 2001 年 11 月 27
日-30 日．
近藤克己, 水内亨, 長崎百伸, 岡田浩之, 佐野史道,
別生栄, 設楽弘之, 真鍋義人, 洪遠齢, 高宮太承,
武田全史, 津留寛樹, 川染勇人, 前野正吾, 冨山圭
史, 久保浩康, 井尻芳行, 千住徹, 矢口啓二, 坂本
欣三, 東使潔, 芝野匡志, 山岸統, 中須賀正彦, 花
谷清, 中村祐司, 若谷誠宏, 大引得弘, 「ヘリオトロ
ン J における ECH 実験」, プラズマ・核融合学会第
18 回 年 会 , ク ロ ー バ ー プ ラ ザ , 福 岡 県 春 日 市 ,
2001 年 11 月 27 日-30 日．
T. Obiki, F. Sano, K. Kondo, M. Wakatani, T. Mizuuchi,
K. Hanatani, Y. Nakamura, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, S.
Besshou, M. Nakasuga, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, W. L.
Ang, T. Takamiya, M. Iriguchi, M. Takeda, H.
Kawazome, S. Maeno, K. Tomiyama, Y. Ohno, H. Kubo,
Y. Nishioka, H. Yukimoto,Y. Ijiri, T. Senju, K. Yaguchi,
K. Sakamoto, K. Tohshi, and M. Shibano, "Recent
Experiments in Heliotron J", Joint Conference of 12th
International Toki Conference on Plasma Physics and
Controlled Nuclear Fusion and 3rd General Scientific
Assembly of Asia Plasma Fusion Association, Frontiers
in Plasma Confinement and Related Engineering/Plasma
Science, Toki, Japan, Dec. 11-14, 2001.
H. Shidara, K. Nagasaki, K. Sakamoto, H. Yukimoto, M.
Nakasuga, F. Sano, K. Kondo, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, S.
Besshou, Y. Manabe, A. W. Leng, H. Kawazome, S.
Maeno, M. Takeda, T. Takamiya, K. Tomiyama, Y. Ohno,
H. Kubo, Y. Nishioka, M. Iriguchi, H. Turu, V. Orlov, A.
Tolkachev, A. Pavelyev, and T. Obiki, "70 GHz Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating System for Heliotron J",
Joint Conference of 12th International Toki Conference
on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion and
3rd General Scientific Assembly of Asia Plasma Fusion
Association, Frontiers in Plasma Confinement and
Related Engineering/Plasma Science, Toki, Japan, Dec.
11-14, 2001.
H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, K. Kondo, M. Iriguchi, M.
Takeda, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, K. Nagasaki, F. Sano, S.
Besshou, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, W. L. Ang, T.
Takamiya, K. Tomiyama, Y. Ohno, H. Kubo, Y.
Nishioka, H. Yukimoto, and T. Obiki, "Behavior of
intrinsic and injected impurities in Heliotron J ECH
plasmas", Joint Conference of 12th International Toki
Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear
Fusion and 3rd General Scientific Assembly of Asia
Plasma Fusion Association, Frontiers in Plasma
Confinement and Related Engineering/Plasma Science,
Toki, Japan, Dec. 11-14, 2001.
W. L. Ang, T. Mizuuchi, M. Nakasuga, F. Sano, K.
Kondo, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, S. Besshou, Y. Manabe,
H. Shidara, H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, M. Takeda, T.
Takamiya, K. Tomiyama, H. Turu, Y. Ohno, H. Kubo, Y.
Nishioka, H. Yukimoto, M. Iriguchi, and T. Obiki,
"Profiles of Divertor Plasma in Heliotron J", Joint
Conference of 12th International Toki Conference on
Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion and 3rd
General Scientific Assembly of Asia Plasma Fusion
Association, Frontiers in Plasma Confinement and
Related Engineering/Plasma Science, Toki, Japan, Dec.
11-14, 2001.
K. Nagasaki, N. Yanagi, H. Teraoka, T. Mizuuchi, H.
Okada, F. Sano, K. Kondo, S. Besshou, M. Nakasuga, Y.
Manabe, H. Shidara, W. L. Ang, Y. Kawazome, S.
Maeno, T. Takamiya, M. Takeda, K. Tomiyama, H.
Tsuru, and T. Obiki, "Electron Bernstein Wave Heating
in Spherical Torus and Helical System", US-Japan
Workshop on "RF Physics" and "Profile Control and
Steady State Operation using RF", Kyushu University,
Japan, Feb. 2-5, 2002.
H. Shidara, K. Nagasaki, K. Sakamoto, H. Yukimoto, M.
Nakasuga, F. Sano, K. Kondo, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, S.
Besshou,Y. Manabe, A. W. Leng, H. Kawazome, S.
Maeno, M. Takeda, T. Takamiya, K. Tomiyama, Y. Ohno,
H. Kubo, Y. Nishioka, M. Iriguchi, H. Tsuru, V. Orlov,
A. Tolkachev, A. Pavelyev, V. Tribaldos, and T. Obiki
"70 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating System
for Heliotron J" Joint Meeting of US-Japan RF Heating
Technology Workshop and EU-Japan RF Antenna and
the Related Technology Workshop, Inuyama, Japan, Feb.
28 - March 2, 2002.
長崎百伸, 柳長門, 水内亨, 岡田浩之, 佐野史道,
近藤克己, 別生栄, 中須賀正彦, 真鍋義人, 設楽弘
之, 洪遠齢, 川染勇人, 前野正吾, 高宮太承, 武田
全史, 冨山圭史, 津留寛樹, 大引得弘, 「ヘリオトロ
ン配位における電子バーンスタイン波加熱」
核融合科学研究所共同研究「ヘリカル型装置の閉じ
込め改善に関する研究」「先進ヘリカル磁場配位の
研究」合同研究会、核融合科学研究所, 2002 年 3
月 5-6 日．
岡田浩之, 水内亨, 長崎百伸, 他,「ヘリオトロン J
実験概要」, 核融合科学研究所共同研究「ヘリカル
型装置の閉じ込め改善に関する研究」「先進ヘリカ
ル磁場配位の研究」合同研究会, 核融合科学研究所,
2002 年 3 月 5-6 日．
設楽弘之, 長崎百伸, 他, 「ヘリオトロン J における
70GHzECH システム」, 核融合科学研究所共同研究
「ヘリカル型装置の閉じ込め改善に関する研究」
「先進ヘリカル磁場配位の研究」合同研究会, 核融
合科学研究所, 2002 年 3 月 5-6 日．
長崎百伸, 他,「ヘリカル系における電子サイクロト
ロン波によるプラズマ生成」, 第 15 回 TRIAM 研究
会、九州大学応用力学研究所, 2002 年 3 月 14 日．
増田開, 山嵜鉄夫, 大垣英明, 紀井俊輝, 吉川潔,
「京大エネ研熱 RF ガンの現状」, 弥生研究会, "極
短量子ビームポンプ＆プローブ分析(III)" , 東京大
学, 平成 14 年 3 月 19-20 日．
長崎百伸, 柳長門, 「ヘリオトロン配位における電
子バーンスタイン波加熱」, 日本物理学会第 57 回
年次大会, 2002 年 3 月 24 日-27 日, 25aXE8．
水内亨, 岡田浩之, 長崎百伸, 佐野史道, 近藤克己,
別生栄, 真鍋義人, 設楽弘之, 洪遠齢, 川染勇人,
前野正吾, 武田全史, 高宮太承, 冨山圭史, 津留寛
樹,入口雅夫, 金子昌司, 久保浩康, 西岡祐亮, 大野
義則, 行本英俊, 西野信博, 大引得弘, 「ヘリオトロ
ン J における ECH プラズマ特性」, 日本物理学会第
57 回年次大会, 2001 年 3 月 24 日-27 日, 27aWJ1．
M. Imoto, K. Masuda, K. Yoshikawa, Y. Yamamoto, K.
Nagasaki, H. Toku, and M. Ohnishi, "Two-dimensional
simulations on asymmetry due to high voltage
feedthrough in a spherical IEC device", the 4th
US-Japan Workshop on Inertial Electrostatic
Confinement Neutron Sources, Kyoto, Japan, March
25-26, 2002.
T. Mizutani, K. Masuda, K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, Y.
Yamamoto, H. Toku, K. Nagasaki, H. Hashimoto, A.
Nagabuchi, and M. Ohnishi, "Measurements of the
energy distribution of fast excited atoms by Doppler
shift spectroscopy", the 4th US-Japan Workshop on
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Neutron Sources,
Kyoto, Japan, March 25-26, 2002.
K. Yoshikawa, K. Takiyama, K. Masuda, Y. Yamamoto,
H. Toku, K. Nagasaki, H. Hashimoto, A. Nagabuchi, T.
Mizutani, M. Ohnishi, and H. Horiike, "Potential profile
measurements by laser-induced fluorescence method in
a helium discharge plasma", the 4th US-Japan
Workshop on Inertial Electrostatic Confinement
Neutron Sources, Kyoto, Japan, March 25-26, 2002.
H. Osawa, M. Ohnishi, A. Miyagi, K. Yoshikawa, Y.
Yamamoto, and K. Masuda, "Three- dimensional
particle trajectories in IEC fusion device", the 4th
US-Japan Workshop on Inertial Electrostatic
Confinement Neutron Sources, Kyoto, Japan, March
25-26, 2002.
Adavanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Plasma Energy Research Section
Publications
Presentations
T. Mizuuchi, M. Nakasuga, F. Sano, Y. Nakamura, K.
Nagasaki, H. Okada, K. Kondo, and T. Obiki,
"Island divertor in helical-axis heliotron device
(Heliotron J)", J. Nuclear Materials, 290-293 (2001)
pp.678-682.
T. Obiki, T. Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, K.
Hanatani, Y. Liu, T. Hamada, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara,
WL. Ang, Y. I. keda, T. Kobayashi, T. Tomiyama, M.
Takeda, Y. Ijiri, T. Senju, K. Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto,
K .Toshi, K. Kondo, S. Besshou, Y. Nakamura, M.
Nakasuga, M. Wakatani, O. Yamagishi, K. Aizawa, Y.
Kawazone, S. Maeno, K. Tomiyama, "First plasmas in
Heliotron J", Nucl. Fusion, 41 (2001) pp.833-843.
S. Bessou, K. Aizawa, K. Tomiyama, K. Kondo, T.
Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, T. Obiki, H. Okada, F. Sano,
"Diamagnetic double-loop method for a highly sensitive
measurement of energy stored in a Stellarator plasma",
Rev. Sci. Instrument, 72 (2001) pp.3859-3863.
K. Nagasaki, Y. Itoh, K. Sakamoto, T. Obiki, T.
Maekawa, H. Morioka, T. Terumichi, M. Asakawa, M. G.
Shats, H. Punzmann, "Polarizers with non-rectangular
grooves for high power millmeter waves", Fusin Eng.
Design, 53 (2001) pp491-497.
水内亨，岡田浩之，長崎百伸，別生榮，佐野史道，
近藤克己，浜田貴照，真鍋義人，設楽弘之，相澤健
太郎，洪遠齢，池田洋一，川染勇人，小林亨，武田
全史，高宮太承，冨山圭史，前野正吾，井尻芳行，
千住徹，矢口啓二，坂本欣三，東使潔，芝野匡志，
中須賀正彦，花谷清，中村祐司，若谷誠宏，大引得
弘, 「ヘリオトロンＪ第１期実験」，プラズマ･核融
合学会誌，VOl.77，No.5, (2001) pp.484-494.
MIZUUCHI Tohru, OKADA Hiroyuki, NAGASAKI
Kazunobu, BESSHOU Sakae, SANO Fumimichi,
KONDO Katsumi, HAMADA Takateru, MANABE
Yoshito, SHIDARA Hiroyuki, AIZAWA Kentaro, ANG
Wanling, IKEDA Yoichi, KAWAZOME Hayato,
KOBAYASHI
Tohru,
TAKEDA
Masafumi,
TAKAMIYA Tasho, TOMIYAMA Keishi, MAENO
Keigo, IJIRI Yoshiyuki, SENJU Tohru, YAGUCHI Keiji,
SAKAMOTO Kinzo, TOSHI Kiyoshi, SHIBANO
Masashi, NAKASUGA Masahiko, HANATANI Kiyoshi,
NAKAMURA Yuji, WAKATANI Masahiro, OBIKI
Tokuhiro, "Results of the First Experiment in Heliotron
J", J. Plasma Fusion Research, VOl.77, No.5, (2001)
pp.484-494.
T. Obiki, F. Sano, K. Kondo, M. Wakatani, T. Mizuuchi,
K. Hanatani, Y. Nakamura, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, S.
Besshou, M. Nakasuga, Y. Liu, T. Hamada, Y. Manabe,
H. Shidara, W.L. Ang, Y. Ikeda, T. Kobayashi, T.
Takamiya, M. Takeda, O. Yamagishi, K. Aizawa, H.
Kawazome, S. Maeno, K. Tomiyama, Y. Ijiri, T. Senju,
K. Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto, K. Toshi, M. Shibano,
"Plasma Research in Heliotron J - Concept Exploration
Experiments on the Helical-Axis Heliotron -", 6th Int.
Workshop on Interrelationship between Plasma
Experiments in the Laboratory and Space, (July, 2001)
Invited Talk.
近藤克己，水内亨，長崎百伸，岡田浩之，佐野史道，
別生榮，設楽弘之，真鍋義人，洪遠齢，高宮太承，
武田全史，津留寛樹，川染勇人，前野正吾，冨山圭
史，久保浩康，井尻芳行，千住徹，矢口啓二，坂本
欣三，東使潔，芝野匡志，山岸統，中須賀正彦，花
谷清，中村祐司，若谷誠宏，大引得弘，「ヘリオト
ロンＪにおけるＥＣＨ実験」，プラズマ・核融合学
会第 18 回年会（2001 年 11 月）29pB08（招待講演）.
設楽弘之，設楽弘之，坂本欣三，行本瑛俊，中須賀
正彦，佐野史道，近藤克己，水内亨，岡田浩之，別
生榮，真鍋義人，洪遠齢，川染勇人，前野正吾，武
田全史，高宮太承，津留寛樹，大野宜則，久保浩康，
西 岡 佑 亮 ， 入 口 雅 夫 ， 津 留 寛 樹 ， Victor Orlov,
Alexander Tolkachev, Alexander Pavelyev, 大引得弘，
「ヘリオトロンＪにおける 70GHz ECH システムの
構築」，プラズマ・核融合学会第 18 回年会（2001
年 11 月）28aB01P.
松田和晃，森本茂行，水内亨，岡田浩之，佐野史道，
大引得弘，「ヘリオトロン磁場におけるヘリコン波
プラズマ生成」，プラズマ・核融合学会第 18 回年会
（2001 年 11 月）27pA32P.
洪遠齡，水内亨，中須賀正彦，佐野史道，近藤克巳，
長崎百伸，岡田浩之，真鍋義人，設楽弘之，川染勇
人，武田全史，高宮太承，津留寛樹，冨山圭史，前
野正吾，大野宜則，西岡佑亮，行本瑛俊，久保浩康，
入口雅夫，大引得弘，「ヘリオトロンＪにおけるダ
イバータプラズマの特性」，プラズマ・核融合学会
第 18 回年会（2001 年 11 月）27pB31P.
西岡佑亮，洪遠齡，水内亨，佐野史道，近藤克巳，
長崎百伸，岡田浩之，中須賀正彦，千住徹，矢口啓
二，東使潔，坂本欣三，芝野匡志，井尻芳行，真鍋
義人，設楽弘之，川染勇人，高宮太承，武田全史，
津留寛樹，冨山圭史，前野正吾，大野宜則，行本瑛
俊，入口雅夫，金子昌司，久保浩康，大引得弘，「ヘ
リオトロンＪにおける ECH 放電時の SOL プラズマ
特性」，プラズマ・核融合学会第 18 回年会（2001
年 11 月）27pB31P.
Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroki Tsuru, Yoichi Ikeda, Katsumi
Kondo, Fumimichi Sano, Tohru Mizuuchi, Tokuhiro
Obiki, "Thomson Scattering Measurement in Heliotron
J", Joint Conf. 12th Int. Toki Conf. on Plasma Phys.
Controlled Nucl. Fusion & 3rd General Sci. Assembly
Asia Plasma Fusion Association, (Nov. 2001, Toki),
PI-14.
Tokuhiro Obiki, Fumimichi Sano, Katsumi Kondo,
Masahiro Wakatani, Tohru Mizuuchi, Kiyoshi Hanatani,
Yuji Nakamura, Kazunobu Nagasaki, Hiroyuki Okada,
Sakae Besshou, Masahiko Nakasuga, Yoshito Manabe,
Hiroyuki Shidara, Wan Ling Ang, Tasho Takamiya,
Masao Iriguchi, Masafumi Takeda, Hayato Kawazome,
Shogo Maeno, Keishi Tomiyama, Yoshinori Ohno,
Hiroyasu Kubo, Yusuke Nishioka, Hidetoshi Yukimoto,
Yoshiyuki Ijiri, Tohru Senju, Keiji Yaguchi, Kinzou
Sakamoto, Kiyoshi Tohshi, Masashi Shibano, "Recent
Experiments in Heliotron J", Joint Conf. 12th Int. Toki
Conf. on Plasma Phys. Controlled Nucl. Fusion & 3rd
General Sci. Assembly Asia Plasma Fusion Association,
(Nov. 2001, Toki), PI-41.
Wan Leng Ang, Tohru Mizuuchi, Masahiko Nakasuga,
Fumimichi Sano, Katsumi Kondo, Kazunobu Nagasaki,
Hiroyuki Okada, Sakae Besshou, Yoshito Manabe,
Hiroyuki Shidara, Hayato Kawazome, Shogo Maeno,
Masafumi Takeda, Tasho Takamiya, Keishi Tomiyama,
Yoshinori Ohno, Hiroyasu Kubo, Yusuke Nishioka,
Hidetoshi Yukimoto, Masao Iriguchi, Tokuhiro Obiki,
"Profiles of Divertor Plasma in Heliotron J", Joint Conf.
12th Int. Toki Conf. on Plasma Phys. Controlled Nucl.
Fusion & 3rd General Sci. Assembly Asia Plasma
Fusion Association, (Nov. 2001, Toki), PI-42.
Hiroyuki Shidara, Kazunobu Nagasaki, Kinzo
Sakamoto, Hidetoshi Yukimoto, Masahiko Nakasuga,
Fumimichi Sano, Katsumi Kondo, Tohru Mizuuchi,
Hiroyuki Okada, Sakae Besshou, Yoshito Manabe, Ang
Wang Leng, Hayato Kawazome, Shogo Maeno,
Masafumi Takeda, Tasho Takamiya, Keishi Tomiyama,
Yoshinori Ohno, Hiroyasu Kubo, Yusuke Nishioka,
Masao Iriguchi, Tokuhiro Obiki, "70GHz Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating System for Heliotron J",
Joint Conf. 12th Int. Toki Conf. on Plasma Phys.
Controlled Nucl. Fusion & 3rd General Sci. Assembly
Asia Plasma Fusion Association, (Nov. 2001, Toki),
PI-51.
Hayato Kawazome, Shogo Maeno, Katsumi Kondo,
Masao Iriguchi, Masafumi Takeda, Tohru Mizuuchi,
Hiroyuki Okada, Kazunobu Nagasaki, Fumimichi Sano,
Sakae Besshou, Yoshito Manabe, Hiroyuki Shidara,
Wan Leng Ang, Tasho Takamiya, Hiroki Turu, Keishi
Tomiyama, Yoshinori Ohno, Hiroyasu Kubo, Yusuke
Nishioka, Hidetoshi Yukimoto, Tokuhiro Obiki,
"Behavior of Intrinsic and Injected Impurities in
Heliotron J ECH plasmas", Joint Conf. 12th Int. Toki
Conf. on Plasma Phys. Controlled Nucl. Fusion & 3rd
General Sci. Assembly Asia Plasma Fusion Association,
(Nov. 2001, Toki), PI-53.
S. Morimoto, T. Kitano, N. Yanagi, T. Obiki, "Particle
Confinement Study by the Stellarator Diode Method",
13th Int. Stellarator Workshop (Feb. 2002, Canberra),
PI:9.
Obiki, T, Okada, H, Mizuuchi, T, Nagasaki, K, Sano, F,
Kondo, K, Wakatani, M, Hanatani, K, Nakamura,Y,
Besshou, S, Nakasuga, M, Manabe, Y, Shidara, H, Ang,
W.L, Kawazome, H, Maeno, S, Takamiya, T, Takeda, M,
Tomiyama, K, Tsuru, H, Iriguchi, M, Kubo, H, Nishioka,
Y, Ohno, Y, Yukimoto, H, Ijiri, Y, Senju, T, Yaguchi, K,
Sakamoto, K, Tohshi, K, Shibano, M, V. Tribaldos, V,
Tabares,
F,
"OVERVIEW
OF
RECENT
EXPERIMENTS IN HELIOTRON J", 13th Int.
Stellarator Workshop (Feb. 2002, Canberra), OI:8.
Mizuuchi, T, Ang, W.L, Kobayashi, T, Nishioka, Y,
Nakasuga, M, Nagasaki, K, Okada, H, Besshou, S, Sano,
F, Kondo, K, Nakamura, Y, Hamada, T, Manabe, Y,
Shidara, H, Aizawa, K, Ikeda, Y, Kawazome, H, Maeno,
S, Takamiya, T, Takeda, M, Tomiyama, K, Tsuru, H,
Iriguchi, M, Kubo, H, Ohno, Y, Yukimoto, H, Ijiri, Y,
Senju, T, Yaguchi, K, Sakamoto, K, Tohshi, K, Shibano,
M, Wakatani, M, Obiki, T, "EDGE PLASMA
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
53
GHz
ECH
DISCHARGES IN HELIOTRON J", 13th Int.
Stellarator Workshop (Feb. 2002, Canberra), OIII:6.
K. Nagasaki, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, F. Sano, K. Kondo,
S. Besshou, M. Nakasuga, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, K.
Aizawa, W. L. Ang, Y. Ikeda, H. Kawazome, T.
Kobayashi, S. Maeno, T. Takamiya, M. Takeda, K.
Tomiyama, T. Obiki, "Plasma Production and
Non-Electromagnetic Resonant ECH in Heliotron J",
13th Int. Stellarator Workshop (Feb. 2002, Canberra),
PI:21.
H. Shidara, K. Nagasaki, K. Sakamoto, H. Yukimoto, M.
Nakasuga, F. Sano, K. Kondo, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, S.
Besshou, Y. Manabe, A. W. Leng, H. Kawazome, S.
Maeno, M. Takeda, T. Takamiya, K. Tomiyama, Y. Ohno,
H. Kubo, Y. Nishioka, M. Iriguchi, H. Tsuru, V. Orlov,
A. Tolkachev, A. Pavelyev, V. Tribaldos, T. Obiki, "70
GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating System for
Heliotron J", Joint meeting of US-Japan RF Heating
Technology Workshop and EU-Japan RF Antenna and
the Related Technology Workshop, February 28, 2002
(Inuyama, Japan)
S., Kubo H., Nishioka Y., Yukimoto H., Takahashi K,
Nishio S., Yamada M, Nishino N., Obiki T., "ECH
Experiments in Heliotron J", 57th Annual Meeting of
the Physical Society of Japan, (March, 2002) 27aWJ1.
水内亨，岡田浩之，長崎百伸，近藤克己，佐野史道，
別生榮，真鍋義人，設楽弘之，洪遠齢，川染勇人，
高宮太承，武田全史，津留寛樹，冨山圭史，前野正
吾，入口雅夫，大野宜則，金子昌司，久保浩康，西
岡祐亮，行本英俊，高橋功一，西尾茂，山田雅毅，
西野信博，大引得弘，「ヘリオトロンＪにおける
ECH プラズマ特性」，日本物理学会第 57 回年会
（2002 年 3 月）27aWJ1．
松本真幸，岩前敦，藤本孝，水内亨，ヘリオトロン
Ｊグループ，「Heliotron J における偏光分光実験」，
日本物理学会第 57 回年会（2002 年 3 月）24aXQ2．
Mizuuchi T., Okada H., Nagasaki K., Sano F., Kondo K.,
Besshou S., Manabe Y., Shidara H., Ang W.L.,
Kawazome H., Takeda M., Takamiya T., Tsuru H.,
Tomiyama K., Maeno S., Iriguchi M., Ohno Y., Kaneko
M. Matsumoto, A. Iwamae, T. Fujimoto, Mizuuchi T.,
Heliotron J Group, "Plasma polarization spectroscopy
on the Heliotron J Device", 57th Annual Meeting of the
Physical Society of Japan, (March, 2002) 24aXQ2.
Adavanced Energy Generation Division
Advanced Energy Research Section
Presentations
Adavanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Materials Research Section
Publications
Materials: 20th International Symposium, ASTM STP1405
(2001), pp. 775-785
Charles A. Lewinsohn, Charles H. Henager, jr., Charles F.
Windisch , Edward P. Simonen , Russell H. Jones , Richard G.
Hoagland and Akira Kohyama, “Subcritical crack growth
mechanisms in ceramic matrix composites: Experimental
observations and modeling” International Jonrnal of Materials
& Product Technology (Volume 16, Nos. 1/2/3, 2001), pp.
132-138
Yutai katoh, Hirotatsu Kishimoto, Masami Ando, Akira
Kohyama, Tamaki Shibayama and Heishichiro Takahashi,
“Microstructural Stability of SiC/SiC Composites Under
Dual-Beam Ion Irradiation”, Effect of Radiation on Materials:
20th International Symposium, ASTM STP1405 (2001), pp.
786-798
S. P. Lee, Y. Katoh, and A. Kohyama, “MICROSTRUCTURE
ANALYSIS AND STRENGTH EVALUATION OF
REACTION SINTERED SiC/SiC COMPOSITES”, Scripta
mater. 44 (2001), pp. 153-157
Takanori Hrose, Hiroyasu Tanigawa, Masami Ando, Akira
Kohyama, Yutai Katoh and Shiro Jitsukawa, “Small Specimen
Test Technorogy for Evolution of Fatigue Properties of Fusion
Structural Materials”, Materials Transactions, Vol. 42, No. 3
(2001), pp. 389-392
G. E. Youngblood, Charles Lewinsohn, R. H. Jones, Akira
Kohyama, “Tensile strength and fracture surface
characterzation of Hi-Nicalon SiC fibers”, Journal of Nuclear
Materials 289 (2001), pp.1-9
S. P. Lee, Y. Katoh, J. S. Park, S. Dong, A. Kohyama, S.
Suyama, H. K. Yoon, “Microstructural and mechanical
characteristics of SiC/SiC composites with modified-RS
process”, Journal of Nuclear Materials 289 (2001), pp. 30-36
T. Noda, A. Kohyama and Y. Katoh, “Recent Progress of
SiC-Fibers and SiC/SiC-Composites for Fusion Applicatipns”,
Physica Scripta. T91 (2001), pp. 124-129
A. R. Raffray, R. Jones, G. Aiello, M. Billone, L. Giancarli,
H.Golfier, A. Hasegawa, Y. Katoh, A. Kohyama, S.Nishio, B.
Riccardi, M. S. Tillack, “Design and material issues for high
performance SiC/SiC-based fusion power cores”, Fusion
Engineering and Design 55 (2001), pp. 55-95
Takanori Hirose, Hideo Sakasegawa, Akira Kohyama, Yutai
Katoh and Hiroyasu Tanigawa, “Effect of Specimen Size on
Fatigue Properties of Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic
Steels”, Effect of Radiation on Materials: 20th International
Symposium, ASTM STP1405 (2001), pp. 535-545
Hideo Sakasegawa, Takanori Hirose, Akira Kohyama, Yutai
Katoh, Toshio Harada and Toshiei Hasegawa, “Correlation
Between Creep Properties and Microstructure of Reduced
Activation Ferritic/ Martensitic Steels”, Effect of Radiation on
Materials: 20th International Symposium, ASTM STP1405
(2001), pp. 546-556
Hirotatsu Kishimoto, Yutai Katoh, Akira Kohyama and
Masani Ando, ” The Influence of Temperature, Fluence, Dose
Rate, and Helium Production on Defect Accumulation and
Swelling in Silicon Carbide”, Effect of Radiation on
香山晃, 「エネルギー材料としての SiC/ SiC 複合材料の
開発」, まてりあ 第４０巻 第２号（2001）pp. 140-145
加藤雄大, 「核融合炉材料照射挙動のモデリング：第一壁
材料挙動に及ぼす非定常照射効果」, プラズマ・核融合学
会誌 VOL. 77 NO.2, pp. 162-170
香山晃、加藤雄大、野田哲二、荒木弘,「気相浸透反応法
による高強度 SiC/SiC 複合材料の開発」, まてりあ 第 40
巻 第 3 号（2001）,pp. 298-300
Akira Kohyama, Tetsuji Noda, Yutai Katoh, “Development of
SiC/SiC Composite for Fusion Applications”, "APPLIED
ELECTRO -MAGNETICS AND MECHANICS" Proceedings
of The 10th international Symposium on Applied
Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 13-16 May, 2001, Tokyo,
Japan, pp. 153-154
Yutai Katoh, Akira Kohyama, Akira Hasegawa, Lance L.
Snead, “Irradiation Effects in Silicon Carbide and Advanced
SiC/SiC Composites”, "APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS
AND MECHANICS" Proceedings of The 10th international
Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,
13-16 May, 2001, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 155-156
T. Hino, T. Jinushi, Y. Yamauchi, M. Hashida, Y. Hirohata, Y.
Katoh, A. Kohyama, “SiC/SiC Composite as Plasma Facing
Material”, "APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS AND
MECHANICS" Proceedings of The 10th international
Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,
13-16 May, 2001, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 157-158
Masami Ando, Hiroyasu Tanigawa, Yutai Katoh, Takanori
Hirose, Akira Kohyama, Shiro Jitsukawa, “The Contribution
of Various Defects to Irradiaton-Induced Hardening in
Ion-Irradiated Fe-15Cr-20Ni Model Alloy”, "APPLIED
ELECTROMAGNETICS AND MECHANICS" Proceedings
of The 10th international Symposium on Applied
Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 13-16 May, 2001, Tokyo,
Japan, pp. 161-162
Han-Ki Yoon, Chang-Sung Seok, Sang-Pill Lee, Akira
Kohyama, “Evaluation on Fracture Toughness of Low
Activation
Ferritic
Steel
(JLF-1)”,
"APPLIED
ELECTROMAGNETICS AND MECHANICS" Proceedings
of The 10th international Symposium on Applied
Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 13-16 May, 2001, Tokyo,
Japan, pp. 163-164
Takanori Hirose, Hiroyasu Tanigawa, Masami Ando, Akira
Kohyama, Yutai Katoh, Shiro Jitsukawa, “Microstractural
Analysis on Fatigue Properties of Fusion Structural Materials”,
"APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS AND MECHANICS"
Proceedings of The 10th international Symposium on Applied
Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 13-16 May, 2001, Tokyo,
Japan, pp. 165-166
加 藤 雄 大 ， 「 Low Temperature Swelling in Beta-SiC
Associated with Point Defect Accumulation （荷電粒子照射
による立方晶炭化珪素中の格子欠陥蓄積挙動の評価）」，
Materials Transactions, Japan Institute of Metals, Vol.43,
No.4 (2002), in printing
檜木達也，「Effect of Fiber Properties on Neutron Irradiated
SiC/SiC Composites （中性子照射した SiC/SiC 複合材料に
及ぼす繊維特性の影響）」，Materials Transactions, Japan
Institute of Metals, Vol.43, No.4 (2002), in printing
H. K. Yoon, C. S. Seok, S. P. Lee and A. Kohyama,
“Evaluation on Fracture Toughness of Low Activation Ferritic
Steel
(JLF-1)”,
International
Journal
Applied
Electromagnetics and Mechanics (2002), in printing
加藤雄大，「炭化ケイ素セラミックス複合材料 ―核融合
炉用先進材料の開発（3）―」，先端原子力 ア・ラ・カ
ルト ―21 世紀の挑戦― (2002)，pp. 149-150
香山晃，「核融合材料試験装置 ―核融合中性子による材
料工学研究―」，先端原子力 ア・ラ・カルト ―21 世紀
の挑戦― (2002)，pp. 153-154
香山晃，「核融合炉実験炉（ITER） ―国際協力による実
験炉の開発―」，先端原子力 ア・ラ・カルト ―21 世紀
の挑戦― (2002)，pp. 155-156
香山晃，「プラズマ・エネルギー発電 ―核融合反応によ
る発電―」，先端原子力 ア・ラ・カルト ―21 世紀の挑
戦― (2002)，pp. 157-158
Presentations
Akira Kohyama, Tetsuji Noda, Yutai Katoh,
“Development of SiC/SiC composite for fusion
applications”, The 10th international Symposium on
Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, Toshi Center
Hotel, Tokyo, 13-16 May, 2001
Yutai Katoh, Akira Kohyama, Akira Hasegawa, Lance
L. Snead, “Irradiation effects in siliconcarbide and
advanced SiC/SiC composites”, The 10th international
Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and
Mechanics, Toshi Center Hotel, Tokyo, 13-16 May,
2001
Tomoaki Hino, T. Jinushi, Y. Yamauchi, M. Hashida, Y.
Hirohata, Yutai Katoh, Akira Kohyama, “SiC/SiC
composite as plasma facing material”, The 10th
international Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics
and Mechanics, Toshi Center Hotel, Tokyo, 13-16 May,
2001
Masami Ando, Hiroyasu Tanigawa, Yutai Katoh,
Takanori Hirose, Akira Kohyama, Shiro Jitsukawa,
“The
contribution
of
various
defects
to
irradiaton-induced
hardening
in
ion-irradiated
Fe-15Cr-20Ni model alloy”, The 10th international
Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and
Mechanics, Toshi Center Hotel, Tokyo, 13-16 May,
2001
Han-Ki Yoon, Chang-Sung Seok, Sang-Pill Lee, Akira
Kohyama, “Evaluation on fracture toughness of low
activation ferritic steel (JLF-1) ”, The 10th international
Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and
Mechanics, Toshi Center Hotel, Tokyo, 13-16 May,
2001
Takanori Hirose, Hiroyasu Tanigawa, Masami Ando,
Akira Kohyama, Yutai Katoh, Shiro Jitsukawa,
“Microstractural analysis on fatigue properties of fusion
structural materials”, The 10th international Symposium
on Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, Toshi
Center Hotel, Tokyo, 13-16 May, 2001
朴峻秀、加藤雄大、香山晃，「除荷-負荷による繊
維強化セラミックス基複合材料の破壊靭性の評価
と破壊特性に及ぼす除荷量の影響」，日本金属学会
200１年秋季（第 129 回）大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月
22 日-24 日
朴璟喚、加藤雄大、岸本弘立、香山晃，「マルチビ
ームイオン照射 CVD-SiC 材の微小押込み試験技術
を用いた特性評価」，日本金属学会 200１年秋季（第
129 回）大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22 日-24 日
加藤雄大、岸本弘立、香山晃、Lance Snead，「高温
照射下における SiC のスウェリング挙動と微細組
織変化」，日本金属学会 200１年秋季（第 129 回）
大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22 日-24 日
近藤創介、岸本弘立、加藤雄大、香山晃，「高温に
おけるデュアルビーム重照射下での SiC/SiC 複合材
料の組織安定性」，日本金属学会 200１年秋季（第
129 回）大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22 日-24 日
酒瀬川英雄、加藤雄大、香山晃、田村学、熊谷達也，
「MX 系析出物を微細分散させたフェライト系耐
熱鋼のイオン照射下組織変化」，日本金属学会 200
１年秋季（第 129 回）大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22
日-24 日
荒木弘、野田哲二、楊文、鈴木裕、佐東信司、香山
晃，「CVI 法で作製した SiCｆ/SiC 複合材料の機械
的特性評価」，日本金属学会 200１年秋季（第 129
回）大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22 日-24 日
Dong Shaoming、小谷政規、加藤雄大、香山晃，「ホ
ットプレス法で作成した２D-Tyranno SA 繊維強化
SiC 複合材料の繊維被覆による力学特性への影響」
，
日本金属学会 200１年秋季（第 129 回）大会、福岡、
2001 年 9 月 22 日-24 日
小谷政規、董紹明、加藤雄大、香山晃、楊文，
「SiC/SiC 複合材料のマトリックス原料系による組
織と力学特性への影響」，日本金属学会 200１年秋
季（第 129 回）大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22 日-24
日
加藤雄大、Dong Shaoming、岸本弘立、近藤創介、
広中敬祐、香山晃，「液相焼結法により作製した
SiC/SiC 複合材料の組織と特性」，日本金属学会 200
１年秋季（第 129 回）大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22
日-24 日
広中敬祐、野澤貴史、檜木達也、井川直樹、加藤雄
大、香山晃，「高結晶性 SiC/SiC 複合材料の高温引
張り強度」，日本金属学会 200１年秋季（第 129 回）
大会、福岡、2001 年 9 月 22 日-24 日
香山晃，「シンポジウムⅠ JUPITER の現状と将来
計画計画による核融合材料 R&D 研究の成果と今後
の展望 2．研究の進め方と概要」，プラズマ・核
融合学会第 18 回年会、春日、2001 年 11 月 27 日-30
日
S. P. Lee, J. S. Park, S. M.
Kohyama and H. K. Yoon,
Strength Characteristics of
Tyranno/SiC
Composites”,
Conference
on
Fusion
Barden-Barden, Oct 14-19, 2001
Dong, Y. Katoh, A.
“Microstructures and
Reaction Sintered
10th
International
Reactor
Materials,
H. K. Yoon, S. P. Lee, B. H. Min, W. J. Park, and A.
Kohyama, “High Temperature Strength and Fracture
Toughness Behavior of Low Activation Ferritic Steel
(JLF-1)”, 10th International Conference on Fusion
Reactor Materials, Barden-Barden, Oct 14-19, 2001
鈴木貴史、廣瀬貴規、香山晃、加藤雄大、鳴井實，
「低放射化鉄鋼材料の疲労特性に及ぼすひずみ保
持の効果」，日本原子力学会 2002 年春の年会、神
戸商船大学（神戸）、2002 年 3 月 27 日-3 月 29 日
荻原寛之、酒瀬川英雄、加藤雄大、香山晃、谷川博
康、安堂正巳，「低放射化フェライト鋼のイオンビ
ーム重放射下での組織安定性」，日本原子力学会
2002 年春の年会、神戸商船大学（神戸）、2002 年
3 月 27 日－3 月 29 日
朴璟喚、加藤雄大、岸本弘立、近藤創介、香山晃，
「デュアルイオン照射したβ-SiC の強度・力学特性
評価」，日本原子力学会 2002 年春の年会、神戸商
船大学（神戸）、2002 年 3 月 27 日－3 月 29 日
野澤貴史､広中敬祐、加藤雄大、香山晃、田口富嗣、
實川資朗、Lance L. Snead，「高結晶性 SiC/SiC 複合
材料の高温引張強度特性」，日本原子力学会 2002
年春の年会、神戸商船大学（神戸）、2002 年 3 月
27 日－3 月 29 日
S. M. Dong, Y. Katoh, A. Kohyama, “Liquid Phase
Sintering SiC/SiC Composites using Nano-SiC and
Micro-SiC for Fiber Bundle Infil Tration”, 日本原子力
学会 2002 年春の年会、神戸商船大学（神戸）、2002
年 3 月 27 日－3 月 29 日
岸本弘立、加藤雄大、香山晃, 「SiC の照射誘起ス
ウェリングとヘリウム効果」，日本原子力学会 2002
年春の年会、神戸商船大学（神戸）、2002 年 3 月
27 日－3 月 29 日
酒瀬川英雄、廣瀬貴規、香山晃、加藤雄大、朝倉健
太郎，「低放射化フェライト鋼の熱時効による微細
組織変化と強度特性変化の相関」，日本金属学会
2002 年春期大会（第 130 回）、東京理科大学（東
京）、2002 年 3 月 28 日－3 月 30 日
廣瀬貴規、谷川博康、安堂正己、實川資郎、加藤雄
大、香山晃、鳴井實，「照射後疲労試験した低放射
化フェライト鋼の破壊起点部の組織」，日本金属学
会 2002 年春期大会（第 130 回）、東京理科大学（東
京）、2002 年 3 月 28 日-3 月 30 日
安堂正己、谷川博康、加藤雄大、香山晃、實川資朗、
中村和幸、竹内浩，「低放射化フェライト鋼におけ
る照射損傷組織と変形抵抗挙動」，日本金属学会
2002 年春期大会（第 130 回）、東京理科大学（東
京）、2002 年 3 月 28 日-3 月 30 日
荒木弘、楊文、野田哲二、鈴木裕、福島高専、佐東
信司、香山晃，「CVI SiCf/ SiC 複合材料の機械的
特性評価 II」，日本金属学会 2002 年春期大会（第
130 回）、東京理科大学（東京）、2002 年 3 月 28
日-3 月 30 日
朴峻秀、加藤雄大、香山晃，「繊維強化セラミック
ス基複合材料の破壊靱性の評価と破壊特性に及ぼ
す試験片寸法の影響」，日本金属学会 2002 年春期
大会（第 130 回）、東京理科大学（東京）、2002
年 3 月 28 日－3 月 30 日
野澤貴史、E. Lara-Curzio、加藤雄大、香山晃，「SiC/
SiC 複合材料の面内剪断強度に見られる試験片寸
法・形状効果」，日本金属学会 2002 年春期大会（第
130 回）、東京理科大学（東京）、2002 年 3 月 28
日－3 月 30 日
Adavanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Transportation Research Section
Publications
宮崎健創，「5.1 レーザー（半導体レーザー以外）」，
光学 30, No.4, p.229 - 230 (2001).
魚住純，金子双男，興呂元伸，宮崎健創，「分光計
測技術の進展」，応用物理 70, 638 (2001).
T.Shimizu,
K.Miyazaki,
and
D.Normand,
"Multielectron dissociative ionization dynamics of
nitrogen molecules in intense femtosecond laser pulses",
CLEO/Pacirfic Rim 2001, Technical Digest Vol.I
(2001) pp.I-336-337.
宮崎健創，「超短パルス高強度レ− ザ− の基礎」，
レ− ザ加工学会誌，Vol.8，221 - 226 (2001).
宮崎健創，「短波長高密度パルス光の高機能化技
術」，高密度パルス光シンポジウム− 高密度パルス
光の発生と先端的物質制御− 資料集 (2001) p.1 - 4.
安丸尚樹，木内淳介，宮崎健創，「高機能硬質膜の
レ− ザ表面加工・改質技術開発」，福井県地域結集
型共同研究事業第１回成果発表会資料集 p.25-28
（2001）.
T.Nakajima, "Linear and nonlinear optical properties of
an autoionizing medium", Phys. Rev. A 63,
43804(1)-43804(5) (2001).
T.Nakajima, "Propagation of phase-controlled lasers in
a two-level medium", Phys. Rev. A 64,
43406(1)-43406(6) (2001).
T.Nakajima, "Manifestation of coherence on laser pulse
propagation", in Laser control and manipulation of
molecules, Ed. by A. Bandrauk, R. J. Gordon, and Y.
Fujimura, (2001) (American Chemical Society).
T.Nakajima and P. Lambropoulos, "Electron
spin-polarization in single-, two- and three-photon
ionization of Xenon", EuroPhys. Lett. 57, 25-31 (2002).
T.Nakajima, "Efficient sum-frequency mixing via
transparency induced by autoionization", Opt. Lett. 27,
116-118 (2002).
T.Nakajima, "Influence of ac Stark shifts on the
propagation of phase-controlled lasers in a two-level
medium", J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 261-267 (2002).
K. Hata, T. Sato and M. Shiotsu, ﾒ Influence of Tube
Length on Critical Heat Fluxes in Water Flowing
Upward, "Proceedings of the 9th International
Conference on Nuclear Engineering", Paper No.
ICONE-9569 (2001) pp.1-12.
M. Ohya, K. Hata and M. Shiotsu, "Transient Heat
Transfer from a Flat Plate in a Pool of FC-72",
Proceedings of IPACK ﾕ 01 (The Pacific Rim/ASME
International
Electronic
Packaging
Technical
Conference
and
Exhibition),
Paper
No.
IPACK2001-15575 (2001) pp.1-9.
H. Tatsumoto, K. Hata, K. Hama, Y. Shirai, T. Okamura
and M. Shiotsu, "Heat Transfer from a Flat Plate at One
End of a Rectangular Duct Containing Pressurized He II
(1); Steady-state Critical Heat Flux", Thermal Science
and Engineering, Vol. 9 No. 4 (2001) pp. 71-72.
H. Tatsumoto, K. Hata, Y. Shirai, K. Hama and M.
Shiotsu, "Heat Transfer from a Flat Plate at One End of
a Rectangular Duct Containing Pressurized He II (2);
Transient Heat Transfer Caused by Step Heat Input",
Thermal Science and Engineering, Vol. 9 No. 4 (2001)
pp. 73-74.
H. Tatsumoto, K. Hata, K. Hama, Y. Shirai and M.
Shiotsu, "Critical Heat Flux on a Flat Plate in
Pressurized He II", Cryogenics, 41 (2001) pp. 35-38.
H. Tatsumoto, K. Hata, K. Hama, Y. Shirai and M.
Shiotsu, "Heat Transfer on a Flat Plate at One End of a
Series-connected Rectangular Duct in Pressurized He
II", Proceedings of IEEE in Transactions on Applied
Superconductivity (2001) pp.1-4.
Presentations
T. Shimizu, K. Miyazaki, and D. Normand,
"Multielectron dissociative ionization dynamics of
nitrogen molecules in intense femtosecond laser pulses",
CLEO/Pacirfic Rim 2001 (Chiba, July 2001).
清水貴之，宮崎健創，Didier Normand，「高強度レ
− ザ− による２原子分子の多価イオン生成・解離」，
第 62 回応用物理学会学術講演会〔2001 年 9 月 12
日），愛知工業大学，平成 13 年 9 月 12 日
宮崎健創，「超短パルス高強度レ− ザ− の進展と原
子分子相互作用」，第７回光工学研究会（2001 年
10 月 31 日），福井大学
安丸尚樹，木内淳介，宮崎健創，「高機能硬質膜の
レ− ザ表面加工・改質技術開発」，福井県地域結集
型共同研究事業第１回成果発表会（2001 年 11 月 16
日），福井県産業支援センタ− .
宮崎健創，鳥塚健二，安斎裕，「プロセッシングの
ための超短パルス高強度レ− ザ− 」，高密度パルス
光シンポジウム（2001 年 11 月 29 日）虎ノ門パス
トラル.
清水貴之，宮崎健創，Didier Normand ，「高強度フ
ェムト秒レ− ザ− パルスによる分子の配向と多電
子イオン化・解離」，レ− ザ− 学会学術講演会第
22 回年次大会（2002 年 1 月 24 日），大阪国際交流
センタ− .
安丸尚樹，宮崎健創，木内淳介，「フェムト秒レ−
ザ− による TiN 膜表面のナノ構造形成」，レ− ザ−
学会学術講演会第 22 回年次大会（2002 年 1 月 25
日），大阪国際交流センタ− .
宮崎健創，「超短パルス高強度レ− ザ− の進展」，
レ− ザ− 学会学術講演会第 22 回年次大会，（2002
年 1 月 25 日），大阪国際交流センタ− .
中嶋隆, P. Lambropoulos,「量子干渉原理を応用した
多光子イオン化による高偏極電子生成」,12pZN13,
秋季 62 回応用物理学関係連合講演会(2001)，愛知工
業大学.
中嶋隆, 「相対位相が制御された光パルス対の媒質
中の伝播ダイナミクス」,17pTC3, 日本物理学会
(2001), 徳島文理大学.
中嶋隆, P. Lambropoulos,「極紫外２光子イオン化で
生成する２電子の幾何学的スピン相関」, 19pTC4,
日本物理学会(2001), 徳島文理大学.
作花哲夫，高谷和宏，齋藤功太郎，岩永修二，中嶋
隆，尾形幸生,「固液界面へのパルスレーザー照射
による発光の時間分解スペクトル」，30p-ZF-2, 第
48 回応用物理学関係連合講演会(2001)，明治大学.
中嶋隆, 「希ガスの 1-,2-,3-光子イオン化による高ス
ピン偏極電子の生成」, 分子科学研究所研究会
”原子分子の価電子素過程ダイナミクス”(Feb. 18-19,
2002, 分子科学研究所)
中嶋隆,「量子干渉を応用した真空紫外〜極紫外域
での高効率四波混合光発生」, 25aWM6,
日本物理学会第 57 回年次大会(2002), 立命館大学.
中嶋隆,「位相制御された２色レーザー光のパルス
伝播」,27pZE10,春季第 49 回応用物理学関係連合講
演会(2002), 東海大学.
中嶋隆,「短波長域における四波混合光の高効率発
生」,28pZE3,春季第 49 回応用物理学関係連合講演
会(2002), 東海大学.
中嶋隆, L.A.A. Nikolopoulos, P. Lambropoulos,「極紫
外光による He 原子の２光子２重イオン化」
,28pZE8,
春季第 49 回応用物理学関係連合講演会(2002), 東海
大学.
作花哲夫，中嶋隆，尾形幸生, 「反転吸収を示す発
光線スペクトルのモデリングによるレーザーアブ
レー
ション放出種の空間分布の解析」, 29a-ZF-3, 第 49
回応用物理学関係連合講演会(2002)，東海大学.
佐藤肇幸、畑 幸一、塩津正博、“水の上昇流にお
ける垂直円管内の沸騰限界熱流束（その１．限界熱
流束における発熱体長さの影響）”、日本原子力学
会 2001 年(第 39 回)春の年会要旨集、武蔵工業大学
工学部、2001 年 3 月 27-29 日、I19、430.
畑 幸一、佐藤肇幸、塩津正博、“水の上昇流にお
ける垂直円管内の沸騰限界熱流束（その２．LHD
ダイバータの熱解析への適用）”、日本原子力学会
2001 年(第 39 回)春の年会要旨集、武蔵工業大学工
学部、2001 年 3 月 27-29 日、I20、431.
堺 公明、塩津正博、畑 幸一、白井康之、濱 勝
彦、 “液体ナトリウムの強制循環条件における沸
騰開始加熱度”、第 38 回日本伝熱シンポジウム講
演論文集、
さいたま市、
2001 年 5 月 23-25 日、
G132、
295-296.
佐藤肇幸、畑 幸一、塩津正博、“水に上向流にお
ける垂直円管内の沸騰限界熱流束（その３．管長の
影響）”、第 38 回日本伝熱シンポジウム講演論文
集、
さいたま市、
2001 年 5 月 23-25 日、
G222、
589-590.
畑 幸一、佐藤肇幸、塩津正博、“水に上向流にお
ける垂直円管内の沸騰限界熱流束（その４．LHD
ダイバータの熱解析への適用）”、第 38 回日本伝
熱シンポジウム講演論文集、さいたま市、2001 年 5
月 23-25 日、G223、591-592.
達本衡輝、塩津正博、畑 幸一、濱 勝彦、白井康
之、岡村崇弘、 “加圧 HeII 中の他端開放ダクトの
一端の平板発熱体における熱伝達特性（１）定常臨
界熱流束”、第 38 回日本伝熱シンポジウム講演論
文集、さいたま市、2001 年 5 月 23-25 日、G321、
837-838.
温工学・超電導学会講演概要集、福井工業大学、2001
年 11 月 23-26 日、C2-4、155.
達本衡輝、塩津正博、畑 幸一、白井康之、濱 勝
彦、“加圧 HeII 中の他端開放ダクト一端の平板発
熱体における熱伝達特性（２）ステップ熱入力に対
する過渡熱流束”、第 38 回日本伝熱シンポジウム
講演論文集、さいたま市、2001 年 5 月 23-25 日、
G322、839-840.
達本衡輝、塩津正博、畑 幸一、白井康之、濱 勝
彦、“加圧 HeII 中の流路中央部の平板発熱体にお
ける二次元熱流動解析”、低温工学会第 65 回 2001
年度秋季低温工学・超電導学会講演概要集、福井工
業大学、2001 年 11 月 23-26 日、C2-5、156.
K. Hata, H. Tatsumoto, Y. Shirai and M. Shiotsu,
"Critical Heat Flux on a Flat Plate in Subcooled Liquid
Helium", Cryogenic Engineering Conference and
International
Cryogenic
Materials
Conference
(CEC/ICMC 2001), Madison, Wisconsin, USA, July
16-20, 2001, C-06C-07, 1-8.
M. Shiotsu, K. Hata, K. Hama, H. Tatsumoto and Y.
Shirai, "Transient Heat Transfer on a Flat Plate at One
End of a Duct with an Orifice in Pressurized Helium II",
Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International
Cryogenic Materials Conference (CEC/ICMC 2001),
Madison, Wisconsin, USA, July 16-20, 2001, C-06D-02,
1-8.
H. Tatsumoto, K. Hata, K. Hama, Y. Shirai and M.
Shiotsu,"Critical Heat Fluxes on a Flat Plate Pasted on
One End of a Rectangular Duct with an Orifice in
Pressurized Helium II", Cryogenic Engineering
Conference and International Cryogenic Materials
Conference (CEC/ICMC 2001), Madison, Wisconsin,
USA, July 16-20, 2001, C-06D-03, 1-8.
塩津正博、達本衡輝、畑 幸一、白井康之、濱 勝
彦、“加圧 HeII 中の流路中央部の平板発熱体にお
ける熱伝達”、低温工学会第 65 回 2001 年度秋季低
畑 幸一、岡村崇弘、濱 勝彦、達本衡輝、白井康
之、塩津正博、“加圧 HeII の強制対流熱伝達（１）；
実験装置と過渡熱伝達”、低温工学会第 65 回 2001
年度秋季低温工学・超電導学会講演概要集、福井工
業大学、2001 年 11 月 23-26 日、E2-32、206.
岡村崇弘、畑 幸一、濱 勝彦、達本衡輝、白井康
之、塩津正博、“加圧 HeII の強制対流熱伝達（２）；
定常熱伝達と臨界熱流束”
、
低温工学会第 65 回 2001
年度秋季低温工学・超電導学会講演概要集、福井工
業大学、2001 年 11 月 23-26 日、E2-33、207.
谷本雄哉、畑 幸一、佐藤肇幸、塩津正博、“短い
垂直円管内水の強制対流サブクール沸騰限界熱流
束（その１．発熱体出口に対する CHF 表示式）”、
日本原子力学会 2002 年(第 40 回)春の年会要旨集、
神戸商船大学、2002 年 3 月 27-29 日、H1.
畑 幸一、佐藤肇幸、谷本雄哉、塩津正博、“短い
垂直円管内水の強制対流サブクール沸騰限界熱流
束（その２．発熱体入口に対する CHF 表示式）”、
日本原子力学会 2002 年(第 40 回)春の年会要旨集、
神戸商船大学、2002 年 3 月 27-29 日、H2.
Adavanced Energy Conversion Division
Advanced Energy Storage Research Section
Publications
Conshohocken, PA, (2001) 315.
A. Kimura, T. Hirose, and H. Matsui, "IrradiationInduced Amorphization and Its Recovery Behavior in
Cold-Rolled and Aged Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloys",
Effects of Radiation on Materials, 20th International
Symposium, ASTM STP 1405, S. T. Rosinski M. L.
Grossbeck, T. R. Allen, and A. S. Kumar, Eds.,
American Society for Testing and Materials, West
Conshohocken, PA, (2001) 825.
R. Kasada, T. Kitao, K. Morishita, and A. Kimura,
"Effects of Copper Concentration and Neutron Flux on
Irradiation Hardening and Microstructure Evolution in
Fe-Cu Model Alloys", Effects of Radiation on Materials,
20th International Symposium, ASTM STP 1405, S. T.
Rosinski M. L. Grossbeck, T. R. Allen, and A. S.
Kumar, Eds., American Society for Testing and
Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, (2001) 237.
A. Kimura, R. Kasada, K. Morishita, R. Sugano, A.
Kohyama, T. Yamamoto, H. Matsui, A. Hasegawa, K.
Abe, N. Yamamoto, "Review of Helium Effects on
Irradiation Embrittlement in Reduced Activation Ferritic
Steels", Proceedings of Pacific Rim International
Conference, Vol. 1 (2001) 1431.
R. Kasada, A. Kimura, "Effects of Ni Addition on
Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of
Reduced Activation Martensitic Steel Irradiated in
ATR", J. Nucl. Mater., in press.
A. Kimura, R. Kasada, K. Morishita, K. Abe, A.
Hasegawa, H. Matsui, Y. Yamamoto, Wirth, T.D. Rubi
T, "High Resistance to Helium Embrittlement in
Reduced Activation Martensitic Steel", J. Nucl. Mater.,
in press.
A. Kimura, H. Nagaoka, K. Itoh, H. Yuya, Y. Naruse,
"Dependence of Susceptibility to IGSCC on the
Location in HAZ of Welded SUS304 Core Shroud for
BWR", (2001) in press.
K. Morishita, R. Sugano, H. Iwakiri, N. Yoshida and A.
Kimura, "Thermal helium desorption from arufa iron",
Proceedings of Pacific Rim International Conference on
Advanced Materials and Processing (PRICM4), Vol. 1
(2001) 1395.
K. Morishita, B.D. Wirth, T.D. Rubia and A. Kimura,
"Effects of helium on radiation damage processes in
iron", Proceedings of Pacific Rim International
Conference on Advanced Materials and Processing
(PRICM4), Vol. 1 (2001) 1383.
K. Morishita, T. Diaz de la Rubia, A. Kimura, 'Mobility
of self-interstitial atom clusters in vanadium, tantalum
and copper', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in
Physical Research B, 180 (2001) pp. 66-71.
R. Kasada, T. Suzuki, K. Itoh, Y. Naruse, and A.
Kimura, "Relation Between Resistivity and Mechanical
Properties in HAZ of Welded Pressure Vessel Steel",
Effects of Radiation on Materials, 20th International
Symposium, ASTM STP 1405, S. T. Rosinski M. L.
Grossbeck, T. R. Allen, and A. S. Kumar, Eds.,
American Society for Testing and Materials, West
R. Kasada, T. Morimura, A. Hasegawa and A. Kimura,
"Effect of helium implantation on mechanical properties
and microstructure evolution of reduced-activation
9Cr-2W martensitic steel", J. Nucl. Mater., 299 (2001)
83.
A. Kohyama, K. Abe, A. Kimura, T. Muroga, Y. Katoh,
T. Shikama, S. Tanaka, H. Matsui, and K. Morishita,
"Materials Research in Japanese Universities", Proc.
Snowmass Conference (2002).
H. Iwakiri, K. Morishita, N. Yoshida, proc. of 10th
International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials
(ICFRM10), October 14-19, 2001, Baden-Baden,
Germany, to be published in Journal of Nuclear
Materials.
H. Shibamoto, T. Kitao, H. Matsui, M. Hasegawa, S.
Yamaguchi, and A. Kimura, "Effect of Nickel on
Irradiation Hardening and Microstructure Evolution of
Proton Irradiated Fe-Cu Alloys", Effects of Radiation
on Materials, 20th International Symposium, ASTM
STP 1405, S. T. Rosinski M. L. Grossbeck, T. R. Allen,
and A. S. Kumar, Eds., American Society for Testing
and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, (2001) 722.
T. Kitao, R. Kasada, K. Morishita, H. Matsui and A.
Kimura, "Correlation between Neutron IrradiationInduced Hardening and Microstructural Change in
Iron-Copper Model alloys Irradiated at Different
Neutron Dose Rates", Proc. of the 4th Pacific Rim
International Conference on Advanced Materials and
Processing (PRICM4), Vol. 1 （2001） 1465.
R. Sugano, K. Morishita, H. Iwakiri, N. Yoshida, A.
Kimura, "Effects of dislocation on thermal helium
desorption from iron and ferritic steel", J. Nucl. Mater.,
(2001) in press.
"Introduction to Fusion Reactor Engineering" edited by
Y. Katoh, A. Kohyama, K. Morishita and A. Kimura,
published by Fusion Engineering Division, Atomic
Energy Society of Japan, July, 2001.
森下和功（分担），「原子力材料の照射損傷検出の
ための磁気非破壊評価」，宮健三・高木敏行・中曽
根祐司編「材料劣化の電磁解明と電磁非破壊検査」
日本 AEM 学会・普遍学国際研究所（平成１３年１
０月）
森下和功，「先端原子力ア・ラ・カ・ル・ト―21
世紀の挑戦―」（分担）マルチスケールシミュレー
ション―バーチャルな世界で現実の核融合炉材料
を開発する―，日本原子力学会「先端原子力の社会
的啓発に関する調査」特別専門委員会 編著，2002
年3月
森下和功，「原子力材料の照射損傷に対する磁気非
破壊検査の可能性」日本 AEM 学会誌，2001
Presentations
A. Kimura, "Resent progress in nuclear structural
materials", AESJ Korea-Japan Symposium, March 27,
2001.
K. Morishita, B.D. Wirth, T. Diaz de la Rubia, "An MD
study of He behavior in Fe"，2001 年 4 月 16 日,「鉄お
よびフェライト鋼中のヘリウム挙動に関する共同
研究計画検討会」九州大学応用力学研究所，福岡県
春日市
菅野隆一朗，森下和功，岩切宏友，吉田直亮，木村
晃彦，「鉄からのヘリウム放出挙動」2001 年 4 月
16 日, 「鉄およびフェライト鋼中のヘリウム挙動に
関する共同研究計画検討会」 九州大学応用力学研
究所，福岡県春日市
木村晃彦，「低放射化フェライト鋼研究における大
学連合・原研の協力体制」，低放射化フェライト鋼
WG，日本原子力研究所，2001 年 4 月 18 日．
A. Kimura, A. Kohyama, S. Jitsukawa, R.L. Klueh, D.S.
Gelles, G.R. Odette，"Overview of Reduced Activation
Ferritic Steels"， IEA/JUPITER-II Joint International
Workshop on Liquid Blanket and Low Activation
Materials System, Sendai, Sendai, May 21, 2001.
R. Kasada, R. Sugano, K. Morishita, A. Kimura, A.
Kohyama, H. Matsui, A. Hasegawa, K. Abe, "Effects of
helium on design window of RAFS", IEA/JUPITER-II
Joint International Workshop on Liquid Blanket and
Low Activation Materials System, Sendai, Sendai, May
21, 2001.
森下和功，「鉄および原子炉圧力容器鋼の疲労・引
張試験材およびイオン照射材の磁気測定とその非
破壊検査への応用」2001 年 5 月 21 日，日本 AEM
学会「材料劣化機構の電磁解明」研究分科会，日本
AEM 学会事務局，東京都文京区
木村晃彦，「軽水炉圧力容器鋼溶接部における健全
性評価」，関西原子力懇談会，2001 年 5 月 28 日．
木村晃彦，核融合炉工学要素技術開発研究報告（核
融合科学研究所），2001 年 5 月 31 日．
木村晃彦，「低放射化フェライト鋼の照射効果」，
原子力学会照射相関，2001 年 6 月 11 日．
A. Kimura, "PIE Plan of JUPITER-II", ORNL, U.S.A.,
June 26, 2001.
笠田竜太，「核融合炉構造材料低放射化マルテンサ
イト鋼における複合・変動照射効果に関する研究」，
原子力関係科学技術の基礎的研究に関する動向調
査委員会，関西原子力懇談会，2001 年 7 月 10 日．
A. Kimura, Fusion Structural Materials, Seoul National
University, Korea, July 30, 2001.
木村晃彦，「JMTR を用いた照射研究計画」，東北
大学金研大洗施設，2001 年 9 月 6 日．
森下和功，菅野隆一朗，B. D. Wirth，岩切宏友，T. D.
de la Rubia，木村晃彦，吉田直亮，「鉄中のヘリウ
ム挙動に関する分子動力学計算とヘリウム昇温脱
離実験」，日本原子力学会 2001 年秋の大会，2001
年 9 月 19-21 日．
木村晃彦，笠田竜太，菅野隆一朗，森下和功，松井
秀樹，長谷川晃, 「低放射化フェライト鋼の耐ヘリ
ウム脆化特性」，日本金属学会 2001 年秋期（第 129
回）大会，九州産業大学，2001 年 9 月 22-24 日．
森下和功，菅野隆一朗，B. D. Wirth，岩切宏友，T. D.
de la Rubia，吉田直亮，木村晃彦, 「フェライト鋼
の照射損傷に及ぼすヘリウムの影響（1）鉄中の原
子空孔とヘリウム」，日本金属学会 2001 年秋期（第
129 回）大会，九州産業大学，2001 年 9 月 22-24 日．
菅野隆一朗，森下和功，岩切宏友，吉田直亮，木村
晃彦, 「フェライト鋼の照射損傷に及ぼすヘリウム
の影響（2）鉄中の転位とヘリウム」，日本金属学
会 2001 年秋期（第 129 回）大会，九州産業大学，
2001 年 9 月 22-24 日．
木村晃彦，低放射化フェライト研究会，原研核融合
炉材料部会，2001 年 10 月 1 日．
木村晃彦，「酸化物分散強化鋼のヘリウム脆化に関
する研究」，核燃料サイクル公募型研究 研究成果
の中間評価，核燃料サイクル機構大洗工学センター，
2001 年 10 月 3 日．
Advanced Nuclear Materials (CR-01-2-1), Institute of
Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto,
November 15-18, 2001.
T. Kitao, R. Kasada, K. Morishita, and A. Kimura,
"Dose rate effects on neutron irradiation hardening in
Fe-Cu model alloys", CUP Collaboration Research on
R&D of Advanced Nuclear Materials (CR-01-2-1),
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji,
Kyoto, November 15-18, 2001.
A. Kimura, K. Morishita, R. Kasada, R. Sugano, H.
Matsui, K. Abe, A. Hasegawa, B.D. Wirth and T. Diaz
de la Rubia, 10th International Conference on Fusion
Reactor Materials (ICFRM10), October 14-19, 2001,
Baden-Baden, Germany.
R. Sugano, K. Morishita, H. Iwakiri, N. Yoshida, A.
Kimura, "Thermal helium desorption from pure iron and
ferritic steel", CUP Collaboration Research on "R & D
of Advanced Nuclear Materials (CR-01-2-1)", Institute
of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto,
November 15-18, 2001.
R. Kasada, A. Kimura, 10th International Conference on
Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM10), October 14-19,
2001, Baden-Baden, Germany.
木村晃彦，「動的・変動・複合照射効果」，JUPITER
研究報告，2001 年 11 月 28 日．
R. Sugano, K. Morishita, H. Iwakiri, N. Yoshida, 10th
International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials
(ICFRM10), October 14-19, 2001, Baden-Baden,
Germany.
木村晃彦，笠田竜太，菅野隆一朗，森下和功，香山
晃，長谷川晃，阿部勝憲，山本琢也，松井秀樹，山
本徳和，吉田直亮，「低放射下フェライト鋼の核融
合模擬環境下における材料挙動評価」，プラズマ核
融合学会 2001 年年会，福岡県春日市，2001 年．
H. Iwakiri, K. Morishita, N. Yoshida, 10th International
Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM10),
October 14-19, 2001, Baden-Baden, Germany.
R. Kasada, "Effect of Irradiation Temperature and
Helium Implantation on the Formation of Microvoid in
Reduced Activation Martensitic Steels", The
Japan-Netherlands workshop on helium behavior in
metals, Delft University, Netherlands, October 22, 2001
R.Sugano, K.Morishita, H.Iwakiri, N.Yoshida, "Effects
of deformation on thermal helium desorption behavior
in pure iron", The Japan-Netherlands workshop on
helium behavior in metals, Delft University,
Netherlands, October 22, 2001.
木村晃彦，「軽水炉圧力容器鋼の寿命延長に伴う材
料課題」，日本金属学会シンポジウム，2001 年 11
月 9 日．
K. Morishita, 'MD calculation study on the behavior of
helium-vacancy clusters', CUP collaboration research on
R&D of advanced nuclear materials (CR-01-2-1),
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji,
Kyoto, November 16, 2001,
R. Kasada, A. Kimura, "Electric Resistivity
Measurement for Neutron Irradiated Welded A533B
PVS", CUP Collaboration Research on R&D of
木村晃彦，「低放射化フェライト鋼の開発研究」，
日本原子力研究所那珂研究所，
2001 年 12 月 25 日．
木村晃彦，「低放射化フェライト鋼-大学連合・原
研協力体制」，原研核融合専門委員会，2002 年 2
月 18 日．
A. Kimura, "Feasible performance of reduced activation
ferritic steels for fusion applications", Cheju, Korea,
Feb. 27,2002.
A. Kimura, "High performance of RAFS under fusion
relevant environment", Hokkaido Univ., March 5, 2002.
木村晃彦，「低放射化フェライト鋼における温度変
動照射効果」，NIFS 日米科学技術協力事業報告会，
2002 年 3 月 7 日．
A. Kimura, "Application of small specimen technology
to evaluation of susceptibility to IGSCC", KEPRI,
Korea, March 14, 2002.
木村晃彦，「炉内構造物の照射後回復挙動に関する
研究」，中部電力中央研究所，2002 年 3 月 18 日．
木村晃彦，「軽水炉圧力容器鋼の照射脆化評価の現
状と非破壊検査」， 鉄鋼協会特別シンポジウム，
2002 年 3 月 29 日．
木村晃彦，磯村耕作，熊野秀樹，成瀬吉信，橋冨興
宣 「原子炉圧力容器用低 Cu 含有 A533B 鋼におけ
る電子線照射効果」，日本金属学会 2002 年春期（第
130 回）大会，東京理科大学神楽坂校舎，東京都新
宿区，2002 年 3 月 28-30 日．
笠田竜太，北尾健，木村晃彦，中田早人，福谷耕司
「原子炉圧力容器用低 Cu 含有 A533B 鋼における電
子線照射効果」，日本金属学会 2002 年春期（第 130
回）大会，東京理科大学神楽坂校舎，東京都新宿区，
2002 年 3 月 28-30 日．
久保博嗣，阪梨泰弘，木村晃彦 「有限要素解析に
よる衝撃特性の試験片サイズ効果の検討」， 日本
金属学会 2002 年春期（第 130 回）大会，東京理科
大学神楽坂校舎，東京都新宿区，2002 年 3 月 28-30
日．
北尾健，笠田竜太，木村晃彦，中田早人，福谷耕司，
松井秀樹，鳴井實, 「Fe 基モデル合金における電子
線照射効果」，日本金属学会 2002 年春期（第 130
回）大会，東京理科大学神楽坂校舎，東京都新宿区，
2002 年 3 月 28-30 日．
柴田正明，笠田竜太，木村晃彦，中田早人，藤井克
彦，福谷耕司, 「原子炉圧力容器鋼におけるリン粒
界偏析と延性脆性遷移挙動」，日本金属学会2002
年春期（第130回）大会，東京理科大学神楽坂校舎，
東京都新宿区，2002年3月28-30日．
Adavanced Energy Conversion Division
Complex Plasma Systems Research Section
Publications
Presentations
T. Obiki, F. Sano, M. Wakatani, K. Kondo, T. Mizuuchi,
K. Hanatani, Y. Nakamura, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, M.
Nakasuga, S. Besshou and M. Yokoyama, "Goals and
status of Heliotron J", Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion, 42
(2000)1151-1164.
T. Obiki, F. Sano, K. Kondo, M. Wakatani, T. Mizuuchi,
K. Hanatani, Y. Nakamura, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, S.
Besshou, M. Nakasuga, H. Tsuru, Y. Manabe,
H.Shidara, W.L. Ang, T. Takamiya, M. Iriguchi, M.
Takeda, H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, K. Tomiyama, Y.
Ohno, H. Kubo, Y. Nishioka, H. Yukimoto, Y. Ijiri, T.
Senju, K. Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto, K. Toshi, M. Sibano,
"Recent Experiment in Heliotron J", Joint Conference of
the 12th International Toki Conference on Plasma
Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion and the 3rd
General Scientific Assembly of Asia Plasma Fusion
Association, 11-14 December (2001) Toki.
T. Watari, T. Mutoh, R. Kumazawa, T. Seki, K. Saito, Y.
Torii, Yan Ping Zao, D. A. Hartmann, H. Idei, S. Kubo,
K. Ohkubo, M. Sato, T. Shimozuma, Y. Yoshimura, K.
Ikeda, O. Kaneko, Y. Oka, M. Osakabe, Y. Takeiri, K.
Tsumori, N. Ashikawa, M. Sasao, P. C. De Vries, M.
Emoto, A. Fukuyama, H. Funaba, M. Goto, K. Ida, S.
Inagaki, N. Inoue, M. Isobe, K. Ito, S. Kado, K.
Kawahata, K. Khlopenkov, K. Kobuchi, A. Komori, A.
V. Krasilnikov, Y. Liang, S. Masuzaki, K. Matsuoka, T.
Minami, J. Miyazawa, T. Morisaki, S. Morita, S.
Murakami, S. Muto, Y. Nagayama, Y. Nakamura, H.
Nakanishi, K. Narihara, K. Nishimura, N. Noda, A. T.
Notake, S. Ohdachi, N. Ohyabu, H. Okada, M.
Okamoto, T. Ozaki, R. O. Pavlichenko, B. J. Peterson,
A. Sagara, S. Sakakibara, R. Sakamoto, H. Sasao, M.
Sasao, S. Satoh, T. Satow, M. Shoji, S. Sudo, H. Suzuki,
M. Takechi, N. Tamura, S. Tanahashi, K. Tanaka, K.
Toi, T. Tokuzawa, K. Y. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, H.
Yamada, I. Yamada, FS. Yamaguchi, S. Yamamoto, K.
Yamazaki, M. Yokoyama, Y. Hamada, O. Motojima, M.
Fujiwara, "The performance of ICRF heated plasmas in
LHD", Nucl. Fusion, 41 (2001), pp.325-332.
T. Mizuuchi, M. Nakasuga, F. Sano, Y. Nakamura, K.
Nagasaki, H. Okada, K. Kondo, and T. Obiki, "Island
divertor in helical-axis heliotron device (Heliotron J"), J.
Nuclear Materials, 290 (2001) p678-682.
T. Obiki, T. Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, K.
Hanatani, Y. Liu, T. Hamada, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara,
WL. Ang, Y. Ikeda, T. Kobayashi, T. Tomiyama, M.
Takeda, Y. Ijiri, T. Senju, K. Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto, K.
Toshi, K. Kondo, S. Besshou, Y. Nakamura, M.
Nakasuga, M. Wakatani, O. Yamagishi, K. Aizawa, Y.
Kawazone, S. Maeno, K. Tomiyama, "First plasmas in
Heliotron J, Nuclear Fusion", 41 (2001) p833-834.
S. Bessou, K. Aizawa, K. Tomiyama, K. Kondo, T.
Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, T. Obiki, H. Okada, F. Sano,
"Diamagnetic double-loop method for a highly sensitive
measurement of energy stored in a Stellarator plasma",
Review of Scientific Instrument, 72 (2001) p3859-3863.
H. Okada, H. Tsuru, Y. Ikeda, K. Kondo, F. Sano, T.
Mizuuchi, T. Obiki, "Thomson Scattering Measurement
in Heliotron J ", Joint Conference of the 12th
International Toki Conference on Plasma Physics and
Controlled Nuclear Fusion and the 3rd General
Scientific Assembly of Asia Plasma Fusion Association,
11-14 December (2001) Toki.
W.L. Ang, T. Mizuuchi, M. Nakasuga, F. Sano, K.
Kondo, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, S. Beshhou, Y. Manabe,
H. Shidara, H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, M. Takeda, T.
Takamiya, K. Tomiyama, H. Tsuru, Y. Ohno, H. Kubo,
Y. Nishioka, H. Yukimoto, M. Iriguchi, T. Obiki,
"Profiles of Divertor Plasma in Heliotron J", Joint
Conference of the 12th International Toki Conference
on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion and
the 3rd General Scientific Assembly of Asia Plasma
Fusion Association, 11-14 December (2001) Toki.
H. Shidara, K. Nagasaki, K. Sakamoto, H. Yukimoto, M.
Nakasuga, F. Sano, K. Kondo, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada,
S. Beshhou, Y. Manabe, W.L. Ang, H. Kawazome, S.
Maeno, M. Takeda, T. Takamiya, K. Tomiyama, Y.
Ohno, H. Kubo, Y. Nishioka, M. Iriguchi, H. Tsuru, O.
Victor, T. Alexander, P. Alexader, T. Obiki, "70 GHz
Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating System for
Heliotron J ", Joint Conference of the 12th International
Toki Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled
Nuclear Fusion and the 3rd General Scientific Assembly
of Asia Plasma Fusion Association, 11-14 December
(2001) Toki.
H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, K. Kondo, M. Iriguchi, M.
Takeda, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, K. Nagasaki, F. Sano,
S. Besshou, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, W.L. Ang,, T.
Takamiya, H. Tsuru, K. Tomiyama,, Y. Ohno, H. Kubo,
Y. Nishioka, H. Yukimoto, T. Obiki, "Behavior of
Intrisic and Injected Impurities in Heliotron j ECH
Plasmas", Joint Conference of the 12th International
Toki Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled
Nuclear Fusion and the 3rd General Scientific Assembly
of Asia Plasma Fusion Association, 11-14 December
(2001) Toki.
T. Obiki, H. Okada, T. Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, F. Sano,
K. Kondo, M. Wakatani, K. Hanatani, Y. Nakamura, S.
Besshou, M. Nakasuga, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, W.L.
Ang, H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, T. Takamiya, M.
Takeda, K. Tomiyama, H. Tsuru, M. Iriguchi, H. Kubo,
Y. Nishioka, Y. Ohno, H. Yukimoto, Y. Ijiri, T. Senju,
K. Yaguchi, K. Sakamoto, K. Tohshi, M. Shibano, V.
Tribaldos, F. Tabar 市, "OVERVIEW OF RECENT
EXPERIMENTS IN HELIOTRON J ", 13th
International Stellarator Workshop, 25 February ミ 1
March, (2002) Canberra.
T. Mizuuchi, W.L. Ang, T. Kobayashi, K. Nagasaki, H.
Okada, T. Hamada, Y. Manabe, H. Shidara, K. Aizawa,
Y. Ikeda, H. Kawazome, S. Maeno, T. Takamiya, M.
Takeda, K. Tomiyama, Y. Ijiri, T. Senju, K. Yaguchi, K.
Sakamoto, K. Toshi, M. Shibano, M. Wakatani, T.
Obiki, "Edge Plasma Characteristics in ECH
Experiment of Heliotron J ", 13th International
Stellarator Workshop, 25 February - 1 March, (2002)
Canberra.
K. Nagasaki, T. Mizuuchi, H. Okada, F. Sano, K.
Kondo, S. Besshou, M. Nakasuga, Y. Manabe, H.
Shidara, K. Aizawa, W.L. Ang, Y. Ikeda, H. Kawazome,
T. Kobayashi, S. Maeno, T. Takamiya, M. Takeda, K.
Tomiyama, T. Obiki, "Plasma Production and
Non-Electromagnetic Resonant ECH in Heliotron J ",
13th International Stellarator Workshop, 25 February 1 March, (2002) Canberra.
佐野史道，大引得弘，花谷清，水内亨，岡田浩之，
長崎百伸，井尻芳行，矢口啓二，千住徹，坂本欣三，
東使潔，芝野匡志，近藤克己，若谷誠宏，中村祐司，
中須賀正彦，別生栄，真鍋義人，設楽弘之，相沢健
太郎，洪遠齢，池田洋一，川染勇人，小林亨，高宮
太承，武田全史，冨山圭史，前野正吾，津留寛樹，
浜田貴照，劉儀，「ヘリオトロンＪ装置計画とその
初期実験結果（招待講演）」，日本物理学会第 56
回年次大会，
平成 13 年 3 月 27 日～3 月 30 日，
27pXH7，
東京，講演概要集，p.168．
洪遠齢，小林亨，水内亨，佐野史道，近藤克己，別
生栄，岡田浩之，中須賀正 彦，長崎百伸，千住徹，
大引得弘，「ヘリオトロンＪにおける周辺磁場解析
及びダイ バータの基礎研究」，日本物理学会第 56
回年次大会，平成 13 年 3 月 27 日 - 3 月 30 日，
27pX8H，東京，講演概要集，p.168
．
小林亨，水内亨，洪遠齢，佐野史道，近藤克己，別
生栄，岡田浩之，中須賀正 彦，長崎百伸，千住徹，
大引得弘，「ヘリオトロンＪにおけるＳＯＬプラズ
マの測 定」，日本物理学会第 56 回年次大会，平成
13 年 3 月 27 日- 3 月 30 日，27pXH9，東京，講 演
概要集，p.168．
岡田浩之，池田洋一，近藤克己，佐野史道，大引得
弘，「ヘリオトロンＪにお けるトムソン散乱計測」，
日本物理学会第 56 回年次大会，平成 13 年 3 月 27
日- 3 月 30 日，27pXH10，東京，講演概要集，p.168．
近藤克己、水内亨、長崎百伸、岡田浩之、佐野史道、
別生榮、設楽弘之、真鍋義人、洪遠齢、川染勇人、
高宮太承、武田全史、津留寛樹、冨山圭史、前野正
吾、大野義則、西岡佑亮、行本英俊、入口雅夫、久
保浩康、井尻芳行、千住徹、矢口啓二、坂本欣三、
東使潔、芝野匡志，山岸統、中須賀正彦、花谷清、
中村祐司、若谷誠宏、大引得弘、「ヘリオトロン J
における ECH 実験（招待講演)」、プラズマ核融合
学会第 18 回年会、29pB08、2001 年 11 月 27 日 - 30
日。クローバプラザ（福岡県春日市）予稿集、p164
水内亨、岡田浩之、長崎百伸、佐野史道、近藤克己、
別生榮、真鍋義人、設楽弘之、洪遠齢、川染勇人、
前野正吾、武田全史、高宮太承、冨山圭史、津留寛
樹、入口雅夫、金子昌司、久保浩康、西岡佑亮、大
野義則、行本英俊、西野信博、大引特弘、「ヘリオ
トロンＪにお ける ECH プラズマ特性」日本物理学
会第 57 回年次大会、平成 14 年３月２４日-３月２
７日、立命館大学びわこ・くさつキャンパス、
27aWJ1.
Adavanced Energy Conversion Division
Clean Energy Conversion Research Section
Publications
H. Ihara, T. Sakurai, T. Y., T. Hashimoto, M. Takafuji,
T. Sagawa, H. Hachisako, “Chirality Control of
Self-Assembling
Organogels
from
Lipophilic
L-Glutamide Derivative with Metal Chlorides,”
Langmuir, to be accepted.
Y. Goto, K. Nakashima, K. Mitsuishi, M. Takafuji, S.
Sakaki, H. Ihara, “Selectivity Enhancement for
Diastereomer Separation in RPLC Using CrystallineOrganic Phase-Bonded Silica Instead of SimplyHydrophobized Silica,” Chromatographia, to be
accepted.
M. Takafuji, T. Sakurai, T. Yamada, T. Hashimoto, N.
Kido, T. Sagawa, H. Hachisako, H. Ihara, “Metal
Ion-induced Chirality and Morphology Control of
Self-assembling
Organogels
from
L-Glutamic
Acid-derived Lipids,” Chemistry Letters, to be accepted.
H. Ihara, Y. Goto, T. Sakurai, M. Takafuji, T. Sagawa,
S. Nagaoka, “Enhanced Molecular-shape Selectivity for
Polyaromatic
Hydrocarbons
through
Isotropic-to-crystalline
Phase
Transition
of
Poly(Octadecyl Acrylate)” Chemistry Letters, (2001)
1252-1253.
S. Nagaoka, Y. Hamasaki, S. Ishihara, M. Nagata, K. Iio,
C. Nagasawa, H. Ihara, “Preparation of Carbon/TiO2
Microsphere
Composites
from
Cellulose/TiO2
microsphere Composites and Their Evaluation” Journal
of Molecular Catalysis, 177/2 (2001) 255-263.
H. Yamada, K. Y. Watanabe, K. Yamazaki, S. Murakami,
S. Sakakibara, K. Narihara, K. Tanaka, M. Osakabe, K.
Ida, N. Ashikawa, P. deVaries, M. Emoto, H. Funaba, M.
Goto, H. Idei, K. Ikeda , S. Inagaki, N. Inoue, M. Isobe,
S. Kado, O. Kaneko, K. Kawahata, K. Khlopenkov, A.
Komori, S. Kubo, R. Kumazawa, S. Masuzaki, T.
Minami, J. Miyazawa, T. Morisaki, S. Morita, S. Muto,
T. Mutoh, Y. Nagayama, N. Nakajima, Y. Nakamura, H.
Nakanishi, K. Nishimura, N. Noda, T. Notake, T.
Kobuchi, Y. Liang, S. Ohdachi, N. Ohyabu, Y. Oka, T.
Ozaki, R. O. Pavlichenko, B. J. Peterson, G. Rewoldt, A.
Sagara, K. Saito, R. Sakamoto, H. Sasao, M. Sasao, K.
Sato, M. Sato, T. Seki, T. Shimozuma, M. Shoji, H.
Sugama, H. Suzuki, M. Takechi, Y. Takeiri, N. Tamura,
K. Toi, T. Tokuzawa, Y. Torii, K. Tsumori, I. Yamada, S.
Yamaguchi, S. Yamamoto, M. Yokoyama, Y. Yoshimura,
T. Watari, K. Itoh, K. Matsuoka, K. Ohkubo, I. Ohtake,
S. Satoh, T. Satow, S. Sudo, S. Tanahashi, T. Uda, Y.
Hamada, O. Motojima, M. Fujiwara, "Energy
confinement and thermal transport chararcteristics of net
current free plasmas in the Large Helical Device", Nucl.
Fusion 41 (2001) pp.901-908.
H. Yamada, A. Komori, N. Ohyabu, O. Kaneko, K.
Kawahata, K. Y. Watanabe, S. Sakakibara, S. Murakami,
K. Ida, R. Sakamoto, Y. Liang, J. Miyazawa, K. Tanaka,
Y. Narushima, S. Morita, S. Masuzaki, T. Morisaki, N.
Ashikawa, L. R. Baylor, W. A. Cooper, M. Emoto, P.
W. Fisher, H. Funaba, M. Goto, H. Idei, K. Ikeda, S.
Inagaki, N. Inoue, M. Isobe, K. Khlopenkov, T.
Kobuchi, A. Kostrioukov, S. Kubo, T. Kuroda, R.
Kumazawa, T. Minami, S. Muto, T. Mutoh, Y.
Nagayama, N. Nakajima, Y. Nakamura, H. Nakanishi,
K. Narihara, K. Nishimura, N. Noda, T. Notake, S.
Ohdachi, Y. Oka, M. Osakabe, T. Ozaki, B. J. Peterson,
G. Rewoldt, A. Sagara, K. Saito, H. Sasao, M. Sasao, K.
Sato, M. Sato, T. Seki, H. Sugama, T. Shimozuma, M.
Shoji, H. Suzuki, Y. Takeiri, N. Tamura, K. Toi, T.
Tokuzawa, Y. Torii, K. Tsumori, T. Watanabe, I.
Yamada, S. Yamamoto, M. Yokoyama, Y. Yoshimura,
T. Watari, Y. Xu, K. Itoh, K. Matsuoka, K. Ohkubo, T.
Satow, S. Sudo, T. Uda, K. Yamazaki, O. Motojima, M.
Fujiwara, "Configuration Flexibility and Extended
Regimes in Large Helical Device", Plasma Phys.
Control. Fusion 43 (2001) pp.55-71.
H Yamada, N Ohyabu, K Y Watanabe, S Murakami, S
Sakakibara, K Tanaka, R Sakamoto, K Ida, M Osakabe,
J Miyazawa, B J Peterson, S Morita, K Narihara and the
LHD experimental group, "Characterization of edge
pressure in the Large Helical Device", Plasma Phys.
Control. Fusion 44 (2002) pp.1-7.
山田弘司、竹永秀信、坂本隆一、松岡守、王恩耀、
福本直之、宮沢順一 , 「磁場閉じ込め装置での粒
子補給システムの現状と課題」, プラズマ・核融合
学会誌, 77 (2001) pp.222-252.
Patents
伊原博隆，大久保捷敏，「光学活性認識剤，それを
用いた光学分割カラム充填剤および光学分割法」，
特願 P2001-043194 (2001).
Presentations
H. Ihara, T. Sakurai, M. Takafuji, T. Sagawa, H.
Hachisako, "Metal ion-induced chirality control of
organic gel systems from amino acid-derived lipids",
International Symposium on Self-Assembled Fibrillar
Networks, Autrans, France, 2001.
T. Sagawa, T. Yamada, T. Sakurai, H. Hachisako, M.
Takafuji, K. Ohkubo, H. Ihara, "Fluorescence
characterization of fibrous networks in organic gel
systems by pyrene-labeled L-glytamic acid-derived
lipids", International Symposium on Self-Assembled
Fibrillar Networks, Autrans, France, 2001.
T. Sagawa, M. Kawaguchi, R. Sueyoshi, H. Ihara, K.
Ohkubo, "Bio-catalyst system for energy-recycle use:
Photochemical system for regeneration of NADH with
multilayered TiO2 nanoparticles", 1st Eco-Energy and
Materials Science and Engineering Symposium,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Pathumthani,
Thailand, 2001.
M. Takafuji, A. Ishiodori, T. Sakurai, H. Hachisako, H.
Ihara, "Polymerization of Organogel from L-Glutamic
Acid Derived Lipids", Kyushu-Seibu/Pusan Kyonam
Joint Symposium of Polymers and Textile, Nagasaki,
2001.
W. Dong, Y. Goto, T. Sakurai, M. Takafuji, S. Nagaoka,
H. Ihara, "Detection of Enhanced Molecular-Shape
Selectivity toward Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons through
Poly (acrylonitrile)", Kyushu-Seibu/Pusan Kyonam
Joint Symposium of Polymers and Textile, Nagasaki,
2001.
T. Yamada, M. Takafuji, T. Sakurai, T. Sagawa, H.
Hachisako, H. Ihara, "Evaluation of Chiral Organogels
from Fluorophore-Labeled L-Glutamic Acid Derived
Lipids",
Kyushu-Seibu/Pusan
Kyonam
Joint
Symposium of Polymers and Textile, Nagasaki, 2001.
M. Nishihara, T. Sakurai, M. Takafuji, H. Ihara, T.
Mashimo, "Separation of trihalogenated aromatic
compounds by means of mega gravity field", 52nd
International Astronautical Congress, Toulouse, France,
2001.
Y. Goto, Y. Masuda, T. Sakurai, S. Nagaoka, H. Ihara,
"Chromatographic
Separation
of
Carcinogenic
Dinitropyrenes with Chiral Comb-shaped Polymer as
Stationary Phase", HPLC Kyoto International
Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase
Separation and Related Techniques, Kyoto, 2001.
H. Hachisako, S. Fukuhara, H. Ihara, "Organic gels
from L-glutamic acid-derived denrimers", ISMC2001,
Fukuoka, 2001.
H. Kido, T. Sakurai, M. Takafuji, H. Hachisako, H.
Ihara, "Metal ion-induced chiral control of organogels
from L-glutamic acid-derived lipids", ISMC2001,
Fukuoka (Japan)
伊原博隆，「有機ナノチューブから Self-Assembling
オルガノゲルまで」，第２回先進環境エネルギーフ
ォーラムシンポジウム— ナノテクノロジーと色素
増感太陽電池— ，宇治, 2001.
伊原博隆，「新しい有機媒体としてのオルガノゲ
ル」，高分子材料研究会，愛媛, 2001.
後藤嘉宏，伊原博隆，永岡昭二，「結晶性ポリマー
グラフト化シリカを用いた分子認識能の増幅（１）
- 分子配向場による分子長識別型ＨＰＬＣ -」，日
本分析化学会第 50 年会，熊本, 2001.
塚本浩仁，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，高藤誠，伊原博隆，
永岡昭二「結晶性ポリマーグラフト化シリカを用い
た分子認識能の増幅（２）- ジアステレオマー化剤
としてのダンシルアミノ酸の評価 -」，日本分析化
学会第 50 年会，熊本，2001.
財津祐紀，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，伊原博隆，永岡昭
二，「結晶性ポリマーグラフト化シリカを用いた分
子認識能の増幅（３）- 分子配向場によるジアステ
レオマーのＨＰＬＣ分離 -」，日本分析化学会第 50
年会，熊本，2001.
後藤嘉宏，岩本政樹，益田裕樹，櫻井敏彦，伊原博
隆，永岡昭二，「結晶性ポリマーグラフト化シリカ
を用いた分子認識能の増幅（４）- 結晶性ポリマー
の分子配向性を利用した多環芳香族性環境汚染物
質のＨＰＬＣ -」，日本分析化学会第 50 年会，熊
本，2001.
董 偉，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，高藤誠，伊原博隆，
永岡昭二，「ポリアクリロニトリルの高分子効果を
利用した分子形状認識型ＨＰＬＣ」，日本分析化学
会第 50 年会，熊本，2001.
伊原博隆，「機能性オルガノゲル - キラリティの
増幅，制御，利用，日本化学会中国四国支部・同九
州支部合同大会，島根，2001.
橋本智尊，櫻井敏彦，高藤 誠，伊原博隆，鉢迫 博，
「キラル脂質によるオルガノゲルを用いたアミノ
酸誘導体の不斉分割」。日本化学会中国四国支部・
同九州支部合同大会，島根，2001.
城崎智洋，櫻井敏彦，高藤 誠，伊原博隆，「アゾ
ベンゼンを含む６鎖型シクロホスファゼン脂質に
よる オルガノゲルの機能制御」，日本化学会中国
四国支部・同九州支部合同大会，島根，2001.
濱崎ゆう, 永岡昭二, 永田正典, 石原晋一郎, 伊原
博隆, 飯尾 心，「セルロース/酸化チタン複合粒子
(VI) 表面分散系酸化チタン/カーボン複合球状粒子
の構築」，第 50 回高分子討論会, 東京，2001.
董 偉，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，高藤誠，伊原博隆，
永岡昭二，「高分子効果による増幅 CN-π相互作用
を利用した分子形状認識」， 第 38 回化学関連支部
合同九州大会，福岡，2001.
寺本広司，西原正通，櫻井敏彦，伊原博隆，真下 茂，
「メガ重力場での重合反応 − 立体規則性および分
子傾斜化についての検討− 」， 第 38 回化学関連支
部合同九州大会，福岡，2001.
の適用」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，大阪，2001.
沖田義寛，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，佐川尚，伊原博隆，
永岡昭二「脂質膜アナログを利用する不斉識別
（３）キラル結晶場によるアミノ酸誘導体の 光学
分割」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，大阪，2001.
鉢迫 博，福田修，伊原博隆，スピロピラン脂質オ
ルガノゲル系におけるメロシアニン→スピロピラ
ン熱異性化 速度の制御− アントラセン脂質のスペ
ーサーメチレン数の偶奇効果− 」，第 50 回高分子
学会年次大会，大阪，2001.
板井豊充，西原正通，櫻井敏彦，伊原博隆，真下 茂，
「高重力場を利用した Si-Ti 系傾斜ガラスの創製」，
第 38 回化学関連支部合同九州大会，福岡，2001.
鉢迫 博，福原さち子，伊原博隆，.L-グルタミン酸
を用いる収束型デンドリマーの合成とそのオルガ
ノゲルの性質」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，大
阪，2001.
牛島法子，櫻井敏彦，高藤誠，伊原博隆，鉢迫 博，
「オルガノゲルを形成するアクリレートテロマー
型脂質の調製と会合特性の評価」， 第 38 回化学関
連支部合同九州大会，福岡，2001.第 38 回化学関連
支部合同九州大会，福岡
永岡昭二，濱崎ゆう，永田正典，石原晋一郎，伊原
博隆，飯尾 心，「セルロース/酸化チタン複合粒
子(IV)酸化チタン坦持カーボン系球状粒子とその
光触媒能」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，大阪，
2001.
塚本浩仁，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，伊原博隆，永岡昭
二，「結晶性ポリマー有機相を利用する不斉識別 ダンシルアミノ酸を用いた新規ジア ステレオマー
化剤の探索 -」， 第 38 回化学関連支部合同九州大
会，
福岡，
2001.第 38 回化学関連支部合同九州大会，
福岡
H. Yamada, K. Y. Watanabe, K. Yamazaki, S. Murakami,
S. Sakakibara, K. Narihara, K. Tanaka, M. Osakabe, K.
Ida, N. Ashikawa, P. deVaries, M. Emoto, H. Funaba, M.
Goto, H. Idei, K. Ikeda , S. Inagaki, N. Inoue, M. Isobe,
S. Kado, O. Kaneko, K. Kawahata, K. Khlopenkov, A.
Komori, S. Kubo, R. Kumazawa, S. Masuzaki, T.
Minami, J. Miyazawa , T. Morisaki, S. Morita, S. Muto,
T. Mutoh, Y. Nagayama, N. Nakajima, Y. Nakamura, H.
Nakanishi, K. Nishimura, N. Noda, T. Notake, T.
Kobuchi, Y. Liang, S. Ohdachi, N. Ohyabu, Y. Oka, T.
Ozaki, R. O. Pavlichenko, B. J. Peterson, G. Rewoldt, A.
Sagara, K. Saito, R. Sakamoto, H. Sasao, M. Sasao, K.
Sato, M. Sato, T. Seki, T. Shimozuma, M. Shoji, H.
Sugama, H. Suzuki, M. Takechi, Y. Takeiri, N. Tamura,
K. Toi, T. Tokuzawa, Y. Torii, K. Tsumori, I. Yamada, S.
Yamaguchi, S. Yamamoto, M. Yokoyama, Y. Yoshimura,
T. Watari, K. Itoh, K. Matsuoka, K. Ohkubo, I. Ohtake,
S. Satoh, T. Satow, S. Sudo, S. Tanahashi, T. Uda, Y.
Hamada, O. Motojima, M. Fujiwara, "Configuration
Flexibility and Extended Regimes in Large Helical
Device", 28th European Physical Society Conference on
Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics, Portugal, Jun.
18-22, 2001.
春藤淳臣，櫻井敏彦，伊原博隆，永岡昭二，岸良一，
上野 勝彦，「生体適合化材料を指向したアミノ酸
からの両性電解質ポリマーの調製」， 第 38 回化学
関連支部合同九州大会，福岡，2001.
城戸直之，櫻井敏彦，佐川尚，鉢迫 博，伊原博隆，
「錯体形成能を有するキラル脂質類似物によるオ
ルガノゲル形成」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，
大阪，2001.
城崎智洋，櫻井敏彦，Galina Popova，伊原博隆，「光
官能基を有する脂質型ホスファゼンの合成と有機
溶媒中での分散挙動」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大
会，大阪，2001.
財津祐紀，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，佐川尚，伊原博隆，
永岡昭二，「脂質膜アナログを利用する不斉識別
（１） - 結晶場によるジアステレオマー分離 の増
幅」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，大阪，2001.
塚本浩仁，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，伊原博隆，永岡昭
二，「脂質膜アナログを利用する不斉識別（２）ダンシルアミノ酸のジアステレオマー化剤として
H Yamada, N Ohyabu, K Y Watanabe, S Murakami, S
Sakakibara, K Tanaka, R Sakamoto, K Ida, M Osakabe,
J Miyazawa, B J Peterson, S Morita, K Narihara and the
LHD experimental group, "Characterization of edge
pressure in the Large Helical Device", 8th IAEA
Technical Committee Meeting on H-Mode Physics and
Transport Barrier Physics, Japan, Sep. 5-7, 2001.
山田弘司、坂本隆一、宮沢順一、榊原悟、渡辺清政、
村上定義、田中謙治、森田繁、LHD 実験グループ、
「LHD における高密度領域でのエネルギー閉じ込
め特性について」プラズマ・核融合学会 第１８回
年会、クローバープラザ、2001 年 11 月 27-30 日、
27-pB07.
H. Yamada, S. Morita, S. Murakami, J. Miyazawa, R.
Sakamoto, S. Sakakibara, K. Y. Watanabe, K. Tanaka,
K. Narihara, M. Osakabe, B. J. Peterson, Y. Nakamura,
M. Goto, H. Suzuki, LHD Experimental Group,
"Remarks on Saturation of Energy Confinement in High
Density Regime on LHD", Joint Conf. of 12th
International Toki Conference and 3rd General
Assembly of Asia Plasma Fusion Association, Japan,
Dec.11-14, 2001.
Adavanced Energy Utilization Division
Chemical Reaction Complex Processes Research Section
Publications
S. Tanaka, N. Hirose, T. Tanaki, and Y. H. Ogata, "The
Effect of Tin Ingredients on Electrocatalytic Activity of
Raney-Ni Prepared by Mechanical Alloying", Int. J.
Hydrogen Energy, 26 (2001) 47-53.
T. Tsuboi, T. Sakka, and Y. H. Ogata, "Polarization
Behavior during Porous Silicon Formation: Effect of
Surfactant", Electrochim. Acta, 46 (2001) 1013-1018.
鈴木祥一郎、福井洋一、土屋和代、尾形幸生，「電
着樹脂液中に含まれる酸および塩基の定量分析に
及ぼす水－THF 溶媒の影響」，表面技術, 52 (2001)
228-232.
F. A. Harraz, T. Sakka, and Y. H. Ogata, "Immersion
Plating of Copper using (CF3SO3)2Cu onto Porous
Silicon from Organic Solutions", Electrochim. Acta, 46
(2001) 2805-2810.
Y-I. Suzuki, H. Fukui, K. Tsuchiya, S. Arita, and Y.H.
Ogata, "Influence of Glass Transition Temperature of
Cationic Electropaint System on Film Formation",
Proceedings of the International Symposium on
Scanning
Probe
Techniques
for
Materials
Characterization at Nanometer Scale, PV.2000-35 , D.C.
Hansen, H.S. Isaacs, and K. Sieradzki, Editors, pp.
168-177, The Electrochem. Soc. Inc., Pennington, NJ,
2001.
Y. H. Ogata, N. Yoshimi, T. Tsuboi, and T. Sakka,
"Structural Reorganization in p-Type Porous Silicon by
Mild Heat-Treatment", Proceedings of the International
Symposium on Pits and Pores II, PV.2000-25, P
Schmuki, D.J. Lockwood, Y.H. Ogata and H.S. Isaacs,
Editors, pp. 515-523, The Electrochem. Soc. Inc.,
Pennington, NJ, 2001.
Y-I. Suzuki, Y. Fukui, K. Tsuchiya, S. Arita, and Y. H.
Ogata, "Film Formation from Cationic Electropaint
Systems Containing Resins with Different Glass
Transition Temperature", Prog. Org. Coat., 42 (2001)
209-217.
Y.H. Ogata, N. Yoshimi, R. Yasuda, T. Tsuboi, T. Sakka,
and A. Otsuki, "Structural Change in p-Type Porous
Silicon by Thermal Annealing", J. Appl. Phys., 90
(2001) 6487-6492.
鈴木祥一郎、福井洋一、土家和代、有田了、尾形幸
生，「アニオン型電着樹脂から形成される分散粒子
構造の酸－塩基滴定による解析」，色材, 74 (2001)
598-606.
Presentations
Farid A. Harraz, Takashi Tsuboi, Tetsuo Sakka and
Yukio H. Ogata, "Metal deposition onto a porous silicon
layer by immersion plating from aqueous and
nonaqueous solutions", The 2001 ECS/ISE Joint
Meeting, No. 1085, San Francisco, USA, September 2-7,
2001.
Yo-ichiro Suzuki, Hirokazu Fukui, Kazuyo Tsuchiya,
Satoru Atita, and Yukio H. Ogata, "Variation of film
resistance during electropaint deposition", The 2001
ECS/ISE Joint Meeting, No. 769, San Francisco, USA,
September 2-7, 2001.
Yukio H. Ogata, "Porous silicon: its properties and
metal deposition onto it", Special Seminar, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Rochester University,
Rochester, USA, September 10, 2001.
Farid A. Harraz, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio H. Ogata,
"Effect of chloride ions on immersion plating of copper
onto porous silicon from a methanol solution", 1st
International Symposium on Materials Processing for
Nanostructured Device, P-4, Abstract p.139, Kyoto,
Japan, September 16-19, 2001.
Didier Hamm, Junji Sasano, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio H.
Ogata, "Effect of the HF content during the anodisation
of p-silicon", 1st International Symposium on Materials
Processing for Nanostructured Device, O-5, Abstract
p.35, Kyoto, Japan, September 16-19, 2001.
Yukio H. Ogata, "Porous silicon: its properties and
metal deposition onto it", Special Seminar, Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace, North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, USA, September 20, 2001.
Kotaro Saito, Kazuhiro Takatani, Tetsuo Sakka, Yukio H.
Ogata, "Observation of Light Emitting Region Produced
by Pulsed laser irradiation to solid-liquid interface", The
6th International Conference on Laser Ablation, PM5,
Abstract p.65, Tsukuba, Japan, October 1-5,. 2001.
Tetsuo Sakka, Kotaro Saito, and Yukio H. Ogata,
"Emission spectra of the species ablated from a solid
target submerged in liquid", The 6th International
Conference on Laser Ablation, PT13, Abstract p.165,
Tsukuba, Japan, October 1-5, 2001.
Farid Harraz, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio H. Ogata,
"Immersion plating of copper using (CF3SO3)2Cu onto
porous silicon from organic solutions" The 103rd
Meeting of The Surface Finishing Society of Japan,
14A-28, Abstract p.47-48, Miyashiro, Saitama, March
14-16, 2001.
表面技術協会第 103 回講演大会，日本工業大学，
2001 年 3 月 14-16 日，14A-28.
齋藤功太郎，高谷和宏，作花哲夫，尾形幸生，「固
液界面でのパルスレーザーアブレーションにより
生成するプラズマの観察」，第 48 回応用物理学関係
連合講演会，明治大学駿河台キャンパス，2001 年 3
月 28-31 日，30p-ZF-1.
Kotaro Saito, Kazuhiro Takatani, Tetsuo Sakka and
Yukio H. Ogata, "The observation of plasma obtained
by pulsed laser ablation at solid liquid interface", The
48th Spring Meeting of The Japan Society of Applied
Physics and Related Societies, 30p-ZF-1, Abstract
p.1125, Tokyo, March 28-31, 2001.
作花哲夫，高谷和宏，齋藤功太郎，岩永修二，中嶋
隆，尾形幸生，「固液界面へのパルスレーザー照射
による発光の時間分解スペクトル」，第 48 回応用物
理学関係連合講演会，明治大学駿河台キャンパス，
2001 年 3 月 28-31 日，30p-ZF-2.
Tetsuo Sakka, Kazuhiro Takatani, Kotaro Saito, Shuji
Iwanaga, "Time resolved spectra of the emission
induced by pulsed laser irradiation to solid-liquid
interface", The 48th Spring Meeting of The Japan
Society of Applied Physics and Related Societies,
30p-ZF-2, Abstract p.1126, Tokyo, March 28-31, 2001.
笹野順司，Didier Hamm，作花哲夫，尾形幸生，「シ
リコンの多孔質化に伴う金属析出の変化」，電気化
学会第 68 回大会，神戸大学工学部，2001 年 4 月 1-3
日，3D04.
Junji Sasano, Didier Hamm, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio H.
Ogata, "Metal deposition behaviors on porous silicon
and silicon surface", The 68th Meeting of the
Electrochemical Society of Japan, 3D04, Abstract p.69,
Kobe, April 1-3, 2001.
室田龍一郎，笹野順司，作花哲夫，尾形幸生，「多
孔質シリコンの銅の置換めっきに及ぼす溶存酸素
の効果」，電気化学会第 68 回大会，神戸大学工学部，
2001 年 4 月 1-3 日，3D05.
Ryu-ichi Murota, Junji Sasano, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio
H. Ogata, "Effect of dissolved oxygen on immersion
plating of copper onto porous silicon", The 68th
Meeting of the Electrochemical Society of Japan, 3D05,
Abstract p.69, Kobe, April 1-3, 2001.
Didier Hamm, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio H. Ogata,
"Influence of the HF content during the formation of
porous silicon", The 68th Meeting of the
Electrochemical Society of Japan, 3D06, Abstract p.70,
Kobe, April 1-3, 2001.
電気化学会第 68 回大会，神戸大学工学部，2001 年
4 月 1-3 日，3D06.
笹野順司，Patrik Schmuki，作花哲夫，尾形幸生，「シ
リコンの半導体特性を利用したニッケルの選択的
析出」，2001 年電気化学秋季大会，東京理科大学神
楽坂キャンパス，2001 年 9 月 20-21 日，2J01.
Junji Sasano, Patrik Schmuki, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio
H. Ogata, "Selective deposition of nickel on Si utilising
its photoelectrochemical properties", The year 2001
Autumn Meeting of the Electrochemical Society of
Japan, 2J01, Abstract p.207, Tokyo, September 20-21,
2001.
Farid A. Harraz, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio H. Ogata,
"Immersion plating of nickel onto a porous silicon layer
from fluoride solution", The 104th Meeting of The
Surface Finishing Society of Japan, 27C-22, Abstract
p.163-164, Fukuoka, September 26-27, 2001.
表面技術協会第 104 会講演大会，福岡工業大学，
2001 年 9 月 26-27 日，27C-22.
尾形幸生，「多孔質シリコンに現れる諸形態」，第
31 回電気化学講習会，
京大会館，
2001 年 11 月 8 日，
「ミレニアムテクノロジーと電気化学」テキスト
pp.27-35.
笹野順司, Patrik Schmuki, 作花哲夫, 尾形幸生，「シ
リコン基板上への光アシストによるニッケル析出」，
第３回関西表面技術フォーラム，甲南大学，2001
年 12 月 4-5 日，No. 25.
Junji Sasano, Patrik Schmuki, Tetsuo Sakka and Yukio
H. Ogata, "Nickel deposition on silicon substrate with
the laser assist", The 3rd Forum of Kansai Surface
Finishing Society, No. 25, Abstract p.52, Kobe,
December 4-5, 2001.
Adavanced Energy Utilization Division
Molecular Assembly Design Research Section
Publications
M. Kinoshita, Y. Okamoto, and F. Hirata, "Solvent
Effects on Conformational Stability of Peptides: RISM
Analyses", J. Mol. Liq., 90 (2001) pp.195-204.
木下正弘，「生体系のコンピューターシミュレーシ
ョン」，化学フロンティア⑦，化学同人，2002 年 6
月刊行予定，11 章『タンパク質の水和と構造安定
性』，印刷中．
Y. Harano, T. Imai, A. Kovalenko, M. Kinoshita, and F.
Hirata, "Theoretical Study for Partial Molar Volume of
Amino
Acids
and
Polypeptides
by
the
Three-Dimensional Reference Interaction Site Model", J.
Chem. Phys., 114 (2001) pp.9506-9511.
M. Kinoshita, "Molecular Theory of Solvation", Kluwer
Academic Publisher (The Netherlands), to be published
in 2002, "Conformational Stability of Biomolecules in
Solution" (Chapter 4) and "Algorithms for Solving
RISM Equations" (Chapter 7), in press.
M. Kinoshita, T. Imai, A. Kovalenko, and F. Hirata,
"Improvement of the Reference Interaction Site Model
Theory for Calculating the Partial Molar Volume of
Amino Acids and Polypeptides", Chem. Phys. Lett., 348
(2001) pp.337-342.
S.Otsuki. K.Murai, and S.Yoshikawa, "Development of
a Two-Dimensional Evaluation for Thin Films using
Surface Plasmon Resonance", Chem. Letter ( 2001)
pp1312-1313.
神尾和教，木下正弘，「エントロピー駆動の秩序構
造形成に関する統計力学的解析」，化学工学論文集，
特集「液相系における構造形成と機能化」，27 (2001)
pp.683-689.
木下正弘，岡本祐幸，平田文男，「水中およびアル
コール中におけるペプチドの立体構造解析」，蛋白
質 核酸 酵素，46 (2001) pp.713-718.
M. Kinoshita and T. Oguni, "Depletion Effects on the
Lock and Key Steric Interactions between
Macromolecules", Chem. Phys. Lett., 351 (2002)
pp.79-84.
M. Kinoshita, "Spatial Distribution of a Depletion
Potential between a Big Solute of Arbitrary Geometry
and a Big Sphere Immersed in Small Spheres", J. Chem.
Phys., 116 (2002) pp.3493-3501.
M. Kinoshita, "Interaction between Large Spheres
Immersed in Small Spheres: Remarkable Effects due to
a Trace Amount of Medium-Sized Spheres", Chem.
Phys. Lett., 353 (2002) pp.259-269.
T. Imai, H. Nomura, M. Kinoshita, and F. Hirata,
"Partial Molar Volume and Compressibility of Alkali
Halide Ions in Aqueous Solution: Hydration Shell
Analysis with an Integral Equation Theory of Molecular
Liquids", J. Phys. Chem. B, in press.
M. Kinoshita and Y. Sugai, "Methodology of Predicting
Approximate Shapes and Size Distribution of Micelles:
Illustration for Simple Models", J. Comput. Chem., in
press.
M. Harada, S. Itakura, A. Shioi, and M. Adachi,
"Processes Silica Network Structure Formation in
Reverse Micellar System", Langmuir, 17(14) (2001)
pp4189-4195.
M. Adachi, I. Okada, S. Ngamsinlapasathian, Y.
Murata,and S. Yoshikawa, "Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
using Semiconductor Thin Film Composed of Titnia
Nanotubes", Electrochemistry, 2002 in print.
佐伯登,グエンキエンクオン,吉川暹, 「大気圧プラ
ズマプロセスによるポリエステルの表面改質」,真
空,(2002), 印刷中.
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, Issei Okada, and S. Yoshikawa,
"Formation, Characterization, and Functions of Ceramic
Nanotubes", Transactions of Materials Research Society
of Japan, in print.
Motonari Adachi, "Formation Processes of Silica
Nanotubes and Integrated Ordered Microstructures",
Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science, in press.
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and M. Harada, "Formation of
Metal Oxide Nanotubes through Surfactant-Mediated
Method In Laurylamine / Metal Alkoxide System"
Proceedings of International Symposium" Pits and
Pores II: Formation, Properties, and Significance for
Advanced Materials", P.Schumuki, D.J.Lockwood,
Y.H.Ogata, and H.S.Issacs Eds, Proceedings Volume
2000-25, The Electrochemical Society, Inc. Pennington,
(2001) pp227-237.
M. Adachi, H. Taniguchi, and M. Harada, "Formation
conditions of integrated ordered microstructure of
nano-size
silica
materials
in
laurylamine/tetraethoxysilane system", Proceedings of
the international conference on colloid and surface
science, Tokyo, Japan, November 5-8, 2000, Y.
Iwasawa, N. Oyama, H. Kunieda Eds, Studies in surface
science and catalysis 132, elsevier (2001) pp259-262.
Noboru Saeki, Nguyen Kien Cuong, Susumu
Yoshikawa, Surface Modification of Carbonfibers
Using Plasma-Induced Graft at One-Atmosphere,
Proceedings of Plasma Science Symposium (2001)
pp647-649.
月 2 日、ポスターセッション１５．
木下正弘，「表面の幾何学的形状を反映して小粒子
集団中の大粒子に対して形成されるポテンシャル
場の理論解析」，第 54 回コロイドおよび界面化学討
論会，明星大学，2001 年 9 月 16-18 日，3F03．
木下正弘，「鍵－鍵穴間相互作用に及ぼす排除容積
効果の理論解析」，第 54 回コロイドおよび界面化学
討論会，明星大学，2001 年 9 月 16-18 日，3F04．
足立基齊、「セラミクスナノチューブの創製と利
用」 第３１回電気化学講習会 ミレニアムテクノ
ロジーと電気化学 (2001) pp36-45.
木下正弘，「積分方程式論を用いた物質複合系の非
線形挙動解析」，第 24 回 溶液化学シンポジウム，
岡山大学自然科学研究科，
2001 年 9 月 20-22 日，
S3，
特別講演．
M. Adachi, "Affinity-Based Reverse Micellar
Separations", in Method for Affinity-Based Separation
of Enzymes and Proteins, M. N. Guputa Ed., Birkhauser
Verlag AG (2002) in print.
木下正弘，水貝欣樹，「ミセル形態・サイズ分布予
測のための方法論：単純化モデルに対する例証」，
第 24 回溶液化学シンポジウム，岡山大学自然科学
研究科，2001 年 9 月 20-22 日，1P01．
吉川暹、松原一郎、コンビナトリアル・マテリアル・
ディスカバリー、「コンビナトリアルサイエンスの
新展開」高橋孝志監、シーエムシー出版 (2002)
pp146-166.
木下正弘，「物質複合系の非線形挙動に関する理論
解析研究」，第 91 回 物理化学セミナー，立命館大
学草津キャンパス，2001 年 9 月 29 日，招待講演．
Patents
足立基齊, 吉川 暹, 原田 誠, 村田雄輔 「ナノチ
ューブあるいはナノワイヤー形状を有する金属酸
化物とその製造方法」特願 2001-150030 (2001)
吉川 暹, 足立基齊, 「光機能物品」 特願
2002-054979 (2002)
吉川 暹、足立基齊、「セラミックス複合体とその
組成物並びにその製造方法」 特願 2002-039263
(2002)
吉川 暹, 足立基齊, 「セラミックスナノ構造体とそ
の組成物並びにその製造方法」 特願 2002-039264
(2002)
足立基齊, 吉川 暹, 佐藤保雄,「貴金属ナノワイヤ
ー構造物とその製造方法」 特願 2002-039262 (2002)
木下正弘，「溶媒中における蛋白質の立体構造予
測：分子科学的方法論の構築に向けて」，日本学術
振興会未来開拓学術研究推進事業研究会「第一原理
からのタンパク質の立体構造予測シミュレーショ
ン法の開発」，田沢湖高原休暇村，2002 年 2 月 17-20
日．
木下正弘，「水溶液中における蛋白質の立体構造予
測：拡張アンサンブル法と RISM 理論の統合」，岡
崎国立共同研究機構計算科学研究センター・スーパ
ーコンピューターワークショップ「分子科学とバイ
オサイエンスの接点」，岡崎国立共同研究機構計算
科学研究センター，2002 年 3 月 5-6 日，招待講演．
木下正弘，「表面の幾何学的形状を反映して小粒子
集団中の大粒子に対して形成されるポテンシャル
場」，化学工学会第 67 年会，福岡工業大学，2002
年 3 月 27-29 日，J104．
木下正弘，「鍵－鍵穴間相互作用に及ぼす排除容積
効果」，化学工学会第 67 年会，福岡工業大学，2002
年 3 月 27-29 日，J105．
Presentations
今井隆志，野村浩康，木下正弘，平田文男，「イオ
ンの部分モル体積/圧縮率と水和モデル」，分子研研
究会「分子科学から見た２１世紀の溶液化学」、岡
崎コンファレンスセンター，2001 年 5 月 31 日－6
岡田一誠、足立基齊、村田雄輔、松田敏彦、吉川 暹,
「新規なナノ構造体を用いた色素増感太陽電池」，
化学工学会第 66 年会, 広島大学，2001 年 4 月 2-4
日，H203.
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹, 「分子集合体を用
いたチタニアナノ構造体の形成条件による構造変
化」，化学工学会第 66 年会, 広島大学，2001 年 4
月 2-4 日，H204.
足立基齊，岡田一誠，村田雄輔，松田敏彦，小池伸
二，吉川 暹, 「チタニアナノチューブの創製と色
素増感太陽電池への応用」, 電気化学会第６８大会,
神戸大学, 2001 年 4 月 1-3 日，2G17.
村田雄輔，足立基齊，吉川 暹, 「界面活性剤を用
いた金属ナノ材料の創製」, 化学工学会福井大会,
福井市, 2001年７月 26- 27日，E116.
M. Adachi, and M. Harada, "Formation processes of
silica nanotubes and integrated ordered microstructures",
Second International Conference on Silica, Mulhouse,
France, September 3-6 (2001).
M. Adachi, I. Okada, Y. Murata, T. Matsuda, S. Koike,
H. Matsumoto, and S. Yoshikawa, "Formation of
Ceramic Nanotubes/Nanowires and Application for
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells", 10th International
Conference on Unconventional Photoactive Systems”,
Les Diablerets, Switzerland, September 4-8 (2001).
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and S. Yoshikawa, "Formation
of ceramic nanotubes by surfactant assisted templating
mechanism", European Research Conference, Interface
and Colloid System, Acquafredda di Maratea, Italy,
September 8-13 (2001).
Y. Murata, M. Adachi, and S. Yoshikawa, "Formation
of silica and titania nanotubes by surfactant assisted
templating mechanism", European Research Conference,
Interface and Colloid System, Acquafredda di Maratea,
Italy, September 8-13 (2001).
足立基齊，村田雄輔，吉川 暹, 「セラミックスナ
ノチューブの一般的合成法」, 第５４回コロイド
および界面討論会, 明星大学, 2001 年 9 月 16-18
日，3F01.
村田雄輔，足立基齊，吉川 暹, 「多種金属酸化物
の複合した新規ナノ構造体の室温合成」, 第５４
回コロイドおよび界面討論会, 明星大学, 2001 年
9 月 16-18 日，P001.
足立基齊，佐藤保雄，「超微粒子の形状制御による
ワイヤーの形成」, 第５４回コロイドおよび界面
討論会, 明星大学, 2001 年 9 月 16-18 日，P022.
足立基齊，岡田一誠，村田雄輔，松田敏彦，小池伸
二，松本 一，吉川 暹, 「セラミックナノ材料の
創製と色素増感太陽電池への応用」, 電気化学秋
季大会, 東京理科大学神楽坂キャンパス,
9 月 20-21 日, 2J17.
2001 年
佐藤保雄，足立基齊，「金超微粒子の融合によるナ
ノワイヤーの創製」, 化学工学会第３４回秋季大
会, 北海道大学, 2001 年 9 月 28-30 日, M102.
村田雄輔，足立基齊，吉川 暹, 「4 価の金属に一
般的に適用できるセラミックナノチューブ・ナノワ
イヤーの合成法」, 化学工学会第３４回秋季大会,
北海道大学, 2001 年 9 月 28-30 日, M103.
村田雄輔，足立基齊，吉川 暹, 「2 種以上の金属
酸化物が複合したナノチューブ・ナノワイヤーの創
製」, 化学工学会第３４回秋季大会, 北海道大学,
2001 年 9 月 28-30 日, M104.
岡田一誠，足立基齊，村田雄輔，松田敏彦，小池伸
二，吉川 暹, 「新規なセラミックナノ材料を用い
た色素増感太陽電池への応用」, 化学工学会第３
４回秋季大会, 北海道大学, 2001 年 9 月 28-30 日,
M106.
足立基齊，「セラミックスナノチューブの創製と利
用」, 第 31 回電気化学講習会，ミレニアムテクノ
ロジーと電気化学, 京大会館, 2001 年 11 月 8-9 日.
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and S. Yoshikawa, "Formation
of silica and titania nanotubes through a
surfactant-ssisted
templating
mechanism
in
laurylamine/metal alkoxide system", 1st Eco-Energy and
Materials Science and Engineering Simposium,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thailand,
November 22-23 (2001)
Y. Murata, M. Adachi, and S. Yoshikawa, "The
synthesis of ceramic nanotubes/nanowires using
quadrivalent metal alkoxide", 1st Eco-Energy and
Materials Science and Engineering Simposium,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thailand,
November 22-23 (2001)
I. Okada, M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and S. Yoshikawa,
"Formation of Ceramic Nanotubese and Application for
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells", 1st Eco-Energy and
Materials Science and Engineering Simposium,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thailand,
November 22-23 (2001).
K. Mori, M. Adachi, Y. Sato, and S. Yoshikawa,
"Formation of Gold Nano-wire by a Fusion of Gold
Nanoparticles", 1st Eco-Energy and Materials Science
and Engineering Simposium, Rajamangala Institute of
Technology, Thailand, November 22-23 (2001).
S. Pavasupree, Y. Murata, M. Adachi, and S.
Yoshikawa, "Formation and Photocatalytic activity of
Composite Nanotubes of Titania and Tin Oxide", 1st
Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering
Simposium, Rajamangala Institute of Technology,
Thailand, November 22-23 (2001).
H. Fujimoto, S. Sakamoto, and S. Yoshikawa, "Design
and synthesis of combinatorial peptide library with
porphyrin binding ability", 1st Eco-Energy and Materials
Science and Engineering Simposium, Rajamangala
Institute of Technology, Thailand, November 22-23
(2001).
S. Sakamoto, and S. Yoshikawa, "Design and Synthesis
of Artificial α-Helical Polypeptides Conjugated with
Porphyrin Chromophores as a Basic Study for Peptide
Engineering", 1st Eco-Energy and Materials Science and
Engineering Simposium, Rajamangala Institute of
Technology, Thailand, November 22-23 (2001).
足立基齊，村田雄輔，吉川 暹, 「セラミックスナ
ノチューブの創製・特性・機能」, 第１３回日本
MRS シンポジウム, 川崎市, 2001 年 12 月 20-21
日，B1-O16.
村田雄輔，足立基齊，吉川 暹, 「セラミックスナ
ノチューブ/ナノワイヤーの合成とその機能」, 第１
３回日本 MRS シンポジウム, 川崎市, 2001 年 12
月 20-21 日，B1-O16.
坂本清志，吉川 暹, 「ランダムから 3α-ヘリック
スバンドルへのポリペプチド立体構造変化を利用
したクロムフォア間のエネルギー移動制御」, 第 4
回生命化学研究会・横浜, 慶応義塾大学, 2001 年
12 月 13 日，P-1.
坂本清志，吉川 暹, 「ポリペプチドの３αヘリッ
クスバンドル構造形成に基づくクロムフォア間の
エネルギー移動制御」, 日本化学会第 81 春季年会,
早稲田大学, 2002 年 3 月 26-29 日，3PA-134.
藤本裕之，坂本清志，吉川 暹, 「ポルフィリン
結合能向上のための二次元ペプチドライブラリー
の構築」
, 日本化学会第 81 春季年会, 早稲田大学,
2002 年 3 月 26-29 日，2F3-16.
Adavanced Energy Utilization Division
Advanced Functional Materials Research Section
Publications
Katsutoshi Ohkubo, Kohei Sawakuma, Takashi Sagawa,
“ Influence of Cross-linking Monomer and
Hydrophobic Styrene Comonomer on Stereoselective
Esterase Activities of Polymer Catalyst Imprinted with a
Transition-state Analogue for Hydrolysis of Amino
Acid Esters”, Polymer Communications, vol. 42, pp.
2263-2266 (2001).
Katsutoshi Ohkubo, Kohei Sawakuma, Takashi Sagawa,
“Shape- and Stereo-selective Esterase Activities of
Cross-linked Polymers Imprinted with a Transition-state
Analogue for the Hydrolysis of Amino Acid Esters”,
Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, vol. 165,
pp. 1-7 (2001).
Hirotaka Ihara, Yoshihiro Goto, Toshihiko Sakurai,
Makoto Takafuji, Takashi Sagawa, Shoji Nagaoka,
“Enhanced
Molecular-shape
Selectivity
for
Polyaromatic
Hydrocarbons
through
Isotropic-to-crystalline
Phase
Transition
of
Poly(octadecyl acrylate) ”, Chemistry Letters, No.12,
pp.1252-1253, 2001.
大久保捷敏，佐川 尚，「次世代のエネルギーをつ
くる— バイオ技術から生まれるクリーン燃料」，化
学，56 巻，No. 2，pp. 19-23 (2001)．
山下 哲，保坂公平，仁川純一，小瀧 努， 「酵
母リン脂質生合成の調節」，生化学， 73 巻，pp.
247-260 (2001).
Presentations
Taisuke Yamada, Makoto Takafuji, Toshihiko Sakurai,
Takashi Sagawa, Hiroshi Hachisako, Hirotaka Ihara,
"Evaluation
of
Chiral
Organogels
from
Fluorophore-Labeled L-Glutamic Acid Derived Lipids",
Kyushu-Seibu/Pusan Kyonam Joint Symposium of
Polymers and Textile, Nagasaki, November 2001.
Takashi Sagawa, Makoto Kotani, Hideaki Nada,
Hideyuki Kanehara, Xiaoli Ji, Katsutoshi Ohkubo,
"Solar-energy Utilizing System for Highly Efficient
Production of Clean Energy:
Preparation and
Photocatalysis of Nano-sized TiO2 Layered Films", 1st
Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering
Symposium, Rajamangala Institute of Technology,
Pathumthani, Thailand, p. 25, November 2001.
Takashi Sagawa, Mikako Kawaguchi, Ryota Sueyoshi,
Hirotaka Ihara, Katsutoshi Ohkubo, "Bio-catalyst
System for Energy-recycle Use:
Photochemical
System for Regeneration of NADH with Multilayered
TiO2 Nanoparticles", 1st Eco-Energy and Materials
Science and Engineering Symposium, Rajamangala
Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand, p. 26,
November 2001.
Hirotaka Ihara, Toshihiko Sakurai, Makoto Takafuji,
Takashi Sagawa, Hiroshi Hachisako, "Metal
Ion-induced Chirality Control in Organic Gel Systems
from L-Glutamic Acid-derived Lipids", High-level
Scientific Conferences, Euroconference, SAFIN 2001
Self-Assembled Fibrillar Networks (in Chemistry,
Physics and Biology), Autrans, France, p. 43, November
2001.
Takashi Sagawa, Taisuke Yamada, Toshihiko Sakurai,
Hiroshi Hachisako, Makoto Takafuji, Katsutoshi
Ohkubo, Hirotaka Ihara, "Fluorescence Characterisation
of Fibrous Networks in Organic Gel Systems by
Pyrene-labelled L-Glutamic Acid-derived Lipids",
High-level Scientific Conferences, Euroconference,
SAFIN 2001 Self-Assembled Fibrillar Networks (in
Chemistry, Physics and Biology), Autrans, France, p. 91,
November 2001.
西原正通，板井豊充，櫻井敏彦，西村理香，松崎 晋，
佐川 尚，真下茂，伊原博隆，「ゾル− ゲル法と高
重力場を組み合わせた Si-Ti 系分子傾斜ガラスの作
製」，第 15 回熊本県産学官技術交流会，熊本，2001
年１月．
福田将虎，宇津木めぐみ，藤井康代，秦 恵，小瀧
努，大久保 捷敏，「Methylocystis sp. M 由来メタ
ンモノオキシゲナーゼの大腸菌における大量発現」，
2001 年度日本農芸化学会，京都，2001 年 3 月．
城戸直之，櫻井敏彦，佐川 尚，鉢迫 博，伊原博
隆，「錯体形成能を有するキラル脂質類似物による
オルガノゲル形成」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，
大阪，2001 年５月．
財津祐紀，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，佐川 尚，伊原博
隆，永岡昭二，「脂質膜アナログを利用する不斉識
別(1) 結晶場によるジアステレオマー分離の増幅」，
第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，大阪，2001 年５月．
沖田義寛，後藤嘉宏，櫻井敏彦，佐川 尚，伊原博
隆，永岡昭二，「脂質膜アナログを利用する不斉識
別(3) キラル結晶場によるアミノ酸誘導体の光学分
割」，第 50 回高分子学会年次大会，大阪，2001 年
５月．
Adavanced Energy Utilization Division
Bioenergy Research Section
Publications
K. Kanaori, N. Shibayama, K. Gohda, K. Tajima, and K.
Makino “Multiple four-stranded conformation of human
telomere sequence d(CCCTAA) in solution”, Nucleic
Acids Res., 29 (2001), pp831-840.
T. Suzuki, H. Ide, M. Yamada, T. Morii, and K. Makino
“Formation of 2-chloroinosine from guanosine by
treatment of HNO2 in the presence of NaCl”, Bioorg.
& Med. Chem., 9 (2001), pp2937-2941.
T. Arai, N. Endo, K. Yamashita, M. Sasada, H. Mori, H.
Ishii, K. Makino, and K. Fukuda “6-Formylpterin, a
xanthine oxidase inhibitor, intracellularly generates
reactive oxygen species involved in apoptosis and cell
proliferation”, Free Rad. Biol. Med., 30 (2001),
pp248-259.
N. Endo, K. Higashi, K. Tajima, and K. Makino
“Electrochemical formation of hydrogen atom adduct of
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and its
mechanism”,Chem Lett., 2001(2001) pp548-549.
M. Hagihara, T. Morii, and K. Makino “Recognition of
small molecules by a ribonucleopeptide”, Nucleic Acids
Res. Supplement, 1 (2001), pp7-8.
T. Morii, K. Sugimoto, M. Otsuka, Y. Mori, K. Imoto,
and K. Makino “A new fluorescent biosensor for
inositol triphosphate”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124 (2002),
1138-1139.
N. Endo, K. Higashi, K. Kanaori, K. Tajima, and K.
Makno “Electrochemical-ESR detection of hydrogen
atom adducts of 5-membered ring nitrone spin traps”,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 75 (2002), 149-150.
T. Suzuki, M. Yamada, T. Nakamura, H. Ide, K.
Kanaori, K. Tajima, T. Morii, and K. Makino
“Formation of a fairy stable diazoate intermediate of
5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine by HNO2 and NO, and its
implication to a novel mutation mechanism in CpG site”,
Bioorg. & Med. Chem., 10 (2002), 1063-1067.
牧野圭祐、バイオマスからの環境ホルモン、坂志朗
編「バイオマス・エネルギー・環境」、アイピーシ
ー、173-188 (2001).
牧野圭祐編、超臨界クロマトグラフィー
（Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Ed. R. M. Smith,
Royal Society of Chemistry, London）、廣川書店、
(2001).
T. Nakano, H. Terato, K. Asagoshi, Y. Ohyama, T.
Suzuki, M. Yamada, K. Makino, and H.Ide “Adduct
formation between oxanine and amine derivatives”,
Nucleic Acids Res. Supplement, 1 (2001), pp47-48.
牧野圭祐及び山田真希、一酸化窒素による DNA 傷
害、吉川敏一編「酸化ストレス− フリーラジカル医
学生物学の最前線」、医歯薬出版、158-161（全 326
ｐ）、(2001).
M. Yamada, H. Honjo, T. Hasegawa, E. Morimoto, T.
Suzuki, T. Morii, and K. Makino “A novel detection
method for 2’-deoxyoxanosine”, Nucleic Acids Res.
Supplement, 1 (2001), pp159-160.
M. Harada, S. Itakura, A. Shioi, and M. Adachi;
"Processes of Silica Network Structure Formation in
Reverse Micellar System", Langmuir, vol. 17, No. 14,
pp. 4189-4195 (2001)
193. Effect of complementary C-strand on telomere
G-quartet structure.
K. Kanaori, A. Moriyama, T. Shoji, K. Tajima, and K.
Makino
Nucleic Acids Res. Supplement, 1, 265-266, 2001.
M. Adachi, I. Okada, S. Ngamsinlapasathian, Y. Murata,
and S. Yoshikawa, “Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells using
Semiconductor Thin Film Composed of Titnia
Nanotubes”, Electrochemistry, 2002 in print
T. Morii, T. Tanaka, S. Sato, M. Hagiwara, Y. Aizawa
and K. Makino “A general strategy to determine a target
DNA sequence of a short peptide: Application to a
D-peptide”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124 (2002), 180-181.
T. Morii, S. Sato, M. Hagiwara, Y. Mori, K. Imoto, and
K. Makino “Structure-based design of a leucine zipper
protein with new DNA contacting region”,
Biochemistry, 41 (2002), 2177-2183.
M. Adachi, “Formation Processes of Silica Nanotubes
and Integrated Ordered Microstructures” Progress in
Colloid and Polymer Science, 2002, in press
M. Adachi; “Affinity-Based Reverse Micellar
Separations”, in Method for Affinity-Based Separation
of Enzymes and Proteins, M. N. Guputa Ed., Birkhauser
Verlag AG, (2002) in print
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, I. Okada, and S. Yoshikawa,
“Formation, Characterization, and Functions of Ceramic
Nanotubes”, Transactions of Materials Research Society
of Japan,2002 in print
割、第１６回生体機能関連化学シンポジウム、千葉、
２００１年９月２０− ２１日
M. Adachi, H. Taniguchi, and M. Harada; “Formation
conditions of integrated ordered microstructure of
nano-size
silica
materials
in
laurylamine/tetraethoxysilane system” Proceedings of
the international conference on colloid and surface
science, Tokyo, Japan, November 5-8, 2000, Y.
Iwasawa, N. Oyama, H. Kunieda Eds, Studies in surface
science and catalysis 132, elsevier, pp. 259-262 (2001)
森井孝、佐藤慎一、牧野圭祐、bZIP 構造による DNA
塩基配列特異的認識における構造転移の役割、第７
４回日本生化学会大会、京都、２００１年１０月２
５− ２８日
M. Adachi and M. Harada, “Formation processes of
silica nanotubes and integrated ordered microstructure”,
Proceedings of Second International Conference on
Silica “Silica 2001”, Mulhouse, France, September 3-6
(2001)
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and M. Harada; "Formation of
Metal Oxide Nanotubes through Surfactant-Mediated
Method In Laurylamine/Metal Alkoxide System"
Proceedings of International Symposium "Pits and Pores
II: Formation, Properties, and Significance for
Advanced Materials", P.Schumuki, D.J.Lockwood,
Y.H.Ogata, and H.S.Issacs Eds, Proceedings Volume
2000-25, The Electrochemical Society, Inc. Pennington,
227-237(2001).
足立基齊, “セラミクスナノチューブの創製と利
用”第３1 回電気化学講習会 ミレニアムテクノロ
ジーと電気化学, 36-45(2001)
Presentations
山田真希、鈴木利典、金折賢二、田嶋邦彦、森井孝、
牧野圭祐、一酸化窒素および亜硝酸により
5-methyl-2’-deoxycytidine から生じるジアゾエート
中間体、第４６回日本生化学会近畿支部例会、奈良、
２００１年５月２３日
杉本健二、森井孝、森泰生、井本敬二、大塚雅巳、
牧野圭祐、細胞内セカンドメッセンジャーに対する
分子センサーの構築、第１６回生体機能関連化学シ
ンポジウム、千葉、２００１年９月２０− ２１日
金折賢二、森山昭則、田嶋邦彦、牧野圭祐、テロメ
ア DNA 相補鎖領域に生ずる構造転位第１６回生体
機能関連化学シンポジウム、千葉、２００１年９月
２０− ２１日
佐藤慎一、何冬蘭、森井孝、牧野圭祐、ロイシンジ
ッパータンパク質による DNA 認識と構造転位の役
萩原正規、森井孝、牧野圭祐、RNA・ペプチド複合
体による人工リセプター（リボヌクレオペプチドリ
セプター）の創製、第７４回日本生化学会大会、京
都、２００１年１０月２５− ２８日
杉本健二、森井孝、森泰生、井本敬二、大塚雅巳、
牧野圭祐、生体内セカンドメッセンジャーに対する
分子センサーの構築、第７４回日本生化学会大会、
京都、２００１年１０月２５− ２８日
萩原正規・森井孝・牧野圭祐、Recognition of small
molecules by a ribonucleopeptide、第 28 回核酸化学シ
ンポジウム、横浜、２００１年１１月７− ９日
山田真希、本庄弘一、長谷川哲也、森本恵弥、鈴木
利典、森井孝、牧野圭祐、A novel detection method for
2’-deoxyoxanosine、第 28 回核酸化学シンポジウム、
横浜、２００１年１１月７− ９日
金 折 賢 二 、 田 嶋 邦 彦 、 牧 野 圭 祐 、 Effect of
complementary C-strand on telomere G-quartet
structure、第 28 回核酸化学シンポジウム、横浜、２
００１年１１月７− ９日
佐藤慎一、田中智久、萩原正規、相沢康則、森井孝、
牧野圭祐、「短鎖ペプチドによる認識 DNA 塩基配
列決定法の確立」、日本化学会第 81 春季年会、東
京、２００２年３月２６− ３０日
萩原正規、森井孝、牧野圭祐、「RNA・ペプチド複
合体（リボヌクレオペプチド）による分子認識」、、
日本化学会第 81 春季年会、東京、２００２年３月
２６− ３０日
杉本健二、森井孝、森泰生、井本敬二、大塚雅巳、
牧野圭祐、「生体内セカンドメッセンジャーに対す
る分子センサーの構築」、日本化学会第 81 春季年
会、東京、２００２年３月２６− ３０日
山田真希、本庄弘一、鈴木利典、森井孝、牧野圭祐
「蛍光ラベルを利用したデオキシオキザノシンの
検出法」、日本化学会第 81 春季年会、東京、２０
０２年３月２６− ３０日
岡田一誠、足立基齊、村田雄輔、松田敏彦、吉川 暹,
“新規なナノ構造体を用いた色素増感太陽電池”
化学工学会第６６年会, H203(2001)
会, M102, (2001)
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹, “分子集合体を用い
たチタニアナノ構造体の形成条件による構造変化”
化学工学会第６６年会, H204 (2001).
足立基齊、岡田一誠、村田雄輔、松田敏彦、小池伸
二、吉川 暹, “チタニアナノチューブの創製と色素
増感太陽電池への応用” 電気化学会第６８大会,
2G17 (2001)
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹, “界面活性剤を用い
た金属ナノ材料の創製” 化学工学会福井大会, E1
16(2001)
M. Adachi, and M. Harada, “Formation processes of
silica nanotubes and integrated ordered microstructures”,
Second International Conference on Silica, Mulhouse,
France, September 3-6(2001)
M. Adachi, I. Okada, Y. Murata, T. Matsuda, S. Koike,
H. Matsumoto, and S. Yoshikawa, “Formation of
Ceramic Nanotubes/Nanowires and Application for
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells”, 10th International
Conference on Unconventional Photoactive Systems”,
Les Diablerets, Switzerland, September 4-8 (2001).
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and S. Yoshikawa, “Formation
of ceramic nanotubes by surfactant assisted templating
mechanism”, European Research Conference, Interface
and Colloid System, Acquafredda di Maratea, Italy,
September 8-13 (2001)
Y. Murata, M. Adachi, and S. Yoshikawa, “Formation
of silica and titania nanotubes by surfactant assisted
templating mechanism”, European Research Conference,
Interface and Colloid System, Acquafredda di Maratea,
Italy, September 8-13 (2001)
足立基齊、村田雄輔、吉川 暹, “セラミックスナ
ノチューブの一般的合成法”第５４回コロイドおよ
び界面討論会, 3F01, (2001)
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹, “多種金属酸化物
の複合した新規ナノ構造体の室温合成”第５４回コ
ロイドおよび界面討論会, P001, (2001)
足立基齊、佐藤保雄、“超微粒子の形状制御による
ワイヤーの形成” 第５４回コロイドおよび界面討
論会, P022, (2001)
足立基齊、岡田一誠、村田雄輔、松田敏彦、小池伸
二、松本 一、吉川 暹, “セラミックナノ材料の創
製と色素増感太陽電池への応用” 電気化学秋季大
会, 2J17 (2001)
佐藤保雄、足立基齊、 “金超微粒子の融合による
ナノワイヤーの創製” 化学工学会第３４回秋季大
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹, “4 価の金属に一
般的に適用できるセラミックナノチューブ・ナノワ
イヤーの合成法” 化学工学会第３４回秋季大会,
M103, (2001)
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹, “2 種以上の金属
酸化物が複合したナノチューブ・ナノワイヤーの創
製” 化学工学会第３４回秋季大会, M104, (2001)
岡田一誠、足立基齊、村田雄輔、松田敏彦、小池伸
二、吉川 暹, “新規なセラミックナノ材料を用いた
色素増感太陽電池への応用” 化学工学会第３４回
秋季大会, M106, (2001)
足立基齊、“セラミックスナノチューブの創製と利
用”, 第 31 回電気化学講習会、ミレニアムテクノ
ロジーと電気化学, 京大会館 (2001)
M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and S. Yoshikawa, “Formation
of silica and titania nanotubes through a
surfactant-ssisted
templating
mechanism
in
laurylamine/metal alkoxide system”, 1st Eco-Energy and
Materials Science and Engineering Simposium,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thailand,
November 22-23 (2001)
Y. Murata, M. Adachi, and S. Yoshikawa, “The
synthesis of ceramic nanotubes/nanowires using
quadrivalent metal alkoxide”, 1st Eco-Energy and
Materials Science and Engineering Simposium,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thailand,
November 22-23 (2001)
I. Okada, M. Adachi, Y. Murata, and S. Yoshikawa,
“Formation of Ceramic Nanotubese and Application for
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells”, 1st Eco-Energy and
Materials Science and Engineering Simposium,
Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thailand,
November 22-23 (2001)
K. Mori, M. Adachi, Y. Sato, and S. Yoshikawa,
“Formation of Gold Nano-wire by a Fusion of Gold
Nanoparticles”, 1st Eco-Energy and Materials Science
and Engineering Simposium, Rajamangala Institute of
Technology, Thailand, November 22-23 (2001)
S. Pavasupree, Y. Murata, M. Adachi, and S.
Yoshikawa, “Formation and Photocatalytic activity of
Composite Nanotubes of Titania and Tin Oxide”, 1st
Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering
Simposium, Rajamangala Institute of Technology,
Thailand, November 22-23 (2001)
足立基齊、村田雄輔、吉川
暹, “セラミックスナ
ノチューブの創製・特性・機能”第１３回日本 MRS
シンポジウム, B1-O16, (2001)
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹,“セラミックスナ
ノチューブ/ナノワイヤーの合成とその機能”, 第１
３回日本 MRS シンポジウム, B1-O16, (2001)
足立基齊、佐藤保雄、森 晃一、吉川 暹「金属ナ
ノワイヤーを用いた透明導電膜の創製」，化学工学
会第 67 年会，福岡工業大学，2002 年 3 月 27-29 日，
O116．
足立基齊、村田雄輔、谷口博文、原田 誠、「シリ
カナノチューブの秩序構造形成過程」化学工学会第
67 年会，
福岡工業大学，
2002 年 3 月 27-29 日，
J122．
Sorapong Pvasupree, 村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹、
「複合金属酸化物ナノチューブの特性と光触媒活
性」化学工学会第 67 年会，福岡工業大学，2002 年
3 月 27-29 日，J123．
村田雄輔、足立基齊、吉川 暹、「４価金属アルコ
キシドを用いたセラミックスナノチューブ・ナノワ
イヤーの合成」日本化学会第８１春季年会、早稲田
大学、2002 年 3 月 26-29 日、２D1-26
Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes
Publications
P. H. Shingu, K. N. Ishihara, A. Otsuki, I. Daigo,
"Nanoscaled multilayer bulk materials manufactured by
repeated press-rolling in the Cu-Fe system", Material
Science and Engineering, A304-306, (2001), 399-402.
A. Otsuki, "Energies of (001) twist grain boundaries in
silicon", Acta mater., 49, (2001), 1737-1745.
A. Otsuki, "Misorientation dependence of energies of Si
(001) twist grain boundaries" Interface Sci., 9, (2001),
293-296.
Mituru TODA, Takao GOTO, Meiro CHIBA,
Shizumasa UEDA, Kenji NAKAJIMA, Kazuhisa
KAKURAI, Ralf FEYERHERM, Andreas HOSER,
Hans Anton GRAF, "Neutron Diffraction Study of
Field-Induced-Order in Singlet-Ground-State Magnet
CsFeCl3", Proc. Int. Symposium on Advances in
Neutron Scattering Reseach, Tokai, 2000
J.Phys.
Soc.Jpn.70(2001) Suppl. A pp.154-156
Presentations
A. Otsuki, "Misorientation dependence of energies of
Si(001) twist grain boundaries", 10th International
conference on Intergranular and interphase boundaries,
iib 2001, held in Israel, July 22-26, 2001.
藤井 裕, 千葉 明朗, 戸田 充, 川野 眞司, 後
藤 喬雄, 上田 靜政, J. Klenke, H. A. Graf、M.
Steiner,「基底一重項磁性体 CsFeCl3 の磁場誘起相転
位の中性子回折による研究」, 京都大学原子炉実験
所 第３６回学術講演会 2002 年 1 月
M. Chiba, K. Kitai, S. Mitsudo, T. Idehara, S. Ueda and
M. Toda, "Gyrotron ESR in CsFeCl3 up to 40T", 3rd
Asia-Pacific
ESR/EPR
Symposium,Kobe
Oct.29-Nov.1,2001
戸田 充, 川野 眞治, 後藤 喬雄, 千葉 明朗,
上田 靜政, Matthias Meschke, Michael Steiner, 「基
底一重項系磁性体 CsFeCl3 の磁化と磁場誘起秩序」
,
日本物理学会 2001 年秋季大会、徳島文理大学, 2001
年 9 月 17 日ー9 月 20 日, 17pWA-2
RESEARCH REPORT
IAE-RR-2000 093
K. Nagasaki, et al
Electron Bernstein Wave
Configurations
Heating
in
Heliotron
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