OLIVE 香川大学学術情報リポジトリ
Vol．7，No．5，6
268
TheOccurrenceofEbthenomyssmithiinCultivatedFields
attheFootoftheSanukiRange，Shikoku，Japan
YukibumiKANEKO
BiologlCalLaboratory，FacultyofEducation，KagawaUniversity，
Takamatsu，Japan
ABSTRACT．− Forty−One SPeCimens ofEbthenof7V，SSmithiwere captured on paddy
fields dikes，afield ofredcloverinpaddyfields and othercultivatedfields at the
footofmountains（altitude70−350m）inShikoku．Amongthesespecimenscollected，
therewerepregnantftmales，ParOuSftmales，maturemalesandyoungvoles・Itis
likelythattheappearenceofE・Smithioncultivatedfieldsarosefromtheabsenceof
腫cJ′ロメ〟∫in Shikoku．
Introduction
Up to the present，theJapanesefield vole，Microtus montebelli，has not been
fbundonShikoku，thesmallestoffourislandsofJapan・OTA＆JAMESON（1961）wrote
thatthered−backedvoleEothenomyssmithiwasmoreabundantathigherelevationsand
lived alikein forest and grassy slopesin Shikoku．Accordingto TANAKA（1962），
E．smithiisadominantspeciesalsoinhighlandsabovetheheightofabout800m・
ニー・ニ
三ミ‥∴
thisvoleinhabitedprincIPallyhighlandhabitatsinShikoku・
In1972KANEKOShowedthatapredominantspeciesonlowlandhabitats（0−50m）
ofnorthern Shikoku was Apodemus軍eCiosus，Which was caught mainly on river
banks，Paddyfields，Vegetablefields andfl00d grassland along river side，and
E・Smithididnotappearontheselowlandhabitats・However，atraPPlngSurVeyOf
smallrodentshasnotyetbeenmadeoncultivated丘eldsatthefbotofmountainsin shik。k。．Th。aim。fth。P，。SentPaPerist。rePOrt螢㌔ap
paddyfieldsdikes，afieldofredcloverinpaddyfields and othercultivatedfields
atthefootoftheSanukirange（70−350m），Shikoku，Japan．
StudyAreasandMe仙ods
TrapplngS Were Carried outin Kagawa Pref．and Tokushima Pref・between
November，1976andApril，1977；inthefb1lowingsixlocalities（Fig・1）：Sanuki−aioi
（altitude30−100m）（Platel−a），Seki（altitude190−220m）（Platel−C），Sanuki−Saita
（altitude180−260m）andMinoura（altitude70−110m）（Platel−d），inKagawaPref・；
Awa−6miya（altitude70−110m）and Nagatani（altitude300−350m）（Platel−b）in
TokushimaPrer．
The trappingmethodis the same as reportedin theprevious paper（Kaneko，
＊ContributionNo．43fromtheBiologicalLaboratory，Faculty ofEducation，KagawaUniver−
Sity．
OLIVE 香川大学学術情報リポジトリ
●
1979年3月 Ebthenof7V，SSmilhiinCultivatedFieldsattheFootoftheSanukiRange
269
Fig．1・MaptoshowsixlocalitiesinKagawaPref・andTokushimaPref・，nOrthern
Shikoku，Japan．StippledareasindicatethealtitudeoverlOOm・
1979）．Trapswerelaidinthemoleburrows．Stationsoftrapsweresetinlineswith
anintervalofaboutlOm．One stationwaslaidwiththreetraps atadistance of
onetotwometers．Ateachlocalitytherewere24to48trapstations，mOStfrequently
27・Traps were examined daily，When their catch was removed・Pumpkin seeds
were used as bait．
Thefbllowingllprincipalhabitatswererecognised；（A）ricestacks（Platel−g），
（B）red−CIover（升拘Iiumpratense）fieldsinpaddyfields（Platel・g・h）二（C）abandoned
fieldswithscatteredshrub，（D）slopesofdikes（Platel−C・g），（E）stone fences Plate
l−e），（F）chestnutorchards，（G）mandarin（Citrusunshu）orchards，（H）fieldsofthe
Japanesepampasgrass（Miscanthussinensis）（Platel−f），（Ⅰ）pinefbrest，（J）coniftrous
plantations，and（K）bamboogroves・Threehabitattypesof（G），（I）and（J）were
further dividedinto the fbllowing categories：（Gl）verge of mandarin orchards，
（G2）mandarin orchards other than verges；（Il）scattered shrubs anddenseferns
（Gleicheniasp．）inpinefbrest（Pla略1−d）and（I2）shrubbyvergesofpinefbrest；（Jl）
I
youngplantations oftheJapanesecypfess（ChamaeりparLyoblusa）or theJapanese
ceder（C7WtOmeriajqponica）and（J2）01dplantationsoftheJapaneseceder・
Res山tsandDiscussion
鞋hedist，ib。ti。n。fsmallmammalsacc。rdingt。habitatsisgiveninTablel．
ApodemtIS3PeCiosuswascollectedonabandonedfieldswithscatteredshrub（C），Slopes
ofdikes（D），Chestnutorchards（F），mandarinorchards（Gl・2），fieldsoftheJapanese
pampas grass（H），Pine forest（Il・2），COnifもrous plantations（Jl・2）and bamboo
groves（K）．Eothenomyssmithiwascapturednotonlyonpineforestwithscattered
shrubsanddenseferns（Il）（Platel−d）butalso onaredcloverfieldinpaddyfields
（B）（Platel−g・h），abandonedfields with scattered shrub（C），Slopes ofdikes（D）
（Platel−C），thelowerborderofstonefences（E）（Plateトe），thevergeofmandarin
OrChards（Gl）andfieldsoftheJapanesepampasgrass（H）（Platel−f）・
OLIVE 香川大学学術情報リポジトリ
270
Vol．7，No．5，6
哺乳動物学雑誌
Tablel・Summaryofthenumberofsmallmammalscaughtand
traps ondi能rent types ofhabitatsinKagawaandToku−
sbimaPref−．
Habitats＊＊
F
E
D
−
Total
O
O
3
2
7
ハU
O
2
0
0
0
0
GI G2 H Il I2 JI J2 K
2
1
2
O
0
／0
︻︺
O
O
丁−
2
3
1
βノ
O
O
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
1
3
■ヽJ
l
0
O
O
′P
っJ
Tノ
O
1
1
rJ
0
0
O
O
1
1
1
Tノ
0
TJ
pO
0
ノT
フ一
0
O
フ⊥
O
pU
4
月U
∠・
O
0
l
0
1
0
0
′0
0
0
1
0
2
1
3
月U
1
1 TJ
O つJ 5 1 1 クー
0
0
っl
J 1
月U
1
JT
Tイ
っJ
フ一
／0
0
っJ
0
O
5
1 0 分U
5 3 フ〟
7
ブタ
γJ
…−L：J・りJん′…叩、、′油症・＼、‥I／い‘／川＝＝／甘い、肌＼こl：小へ∴′川′、…．甘〃J川、．し：い刷・／．／′′ハJ．小イ．い、
Cr：0′OCiduradsb2eZumi，TT：thenumberoftraps．
＊＊ForexplanationofsymboIsseetext．
7
1 0 っJ
ハ︶
O
7421ノ411ノ15621〃
0
l
っJ
0
﹁−1
O
TJ
O
0ノ
O
つ︼
月U
1
ハU
O
1 4
っJ1
O
てJ
O
0
ハリ
3
0
つム
2
3
l
0
0
7J
／O
0
0
1
0
0
っJ
l
0
1
0
0
っ∠
1
0
フ一
0
0
0
0
0
′0
0
O
0
0
O
0
2
∠・
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
07
0
0
っ︺
0
っJ
2
0
0
0
′0
0
0
っ∠
0
0
0
4
0
0
pU
0
っJ
4
1
0
O
O
2
／0
†ノ
βJ
O
l
0
0
0
ノ今
っJ
O
0
っ∠
pU
0
っエ
一ノ
rJ
6．Nagatani
Feb．19，1977
0
5．Awa−6mlya
Nov．13，1976
0
Mar．20，1977
／0
Mar，19，1977
0
4．Minoura
1
Mar．30，1977
2
3．Sanukisaita
0
2．Seki
Apr．15，1977
0
May6，1977
1
May5，1977
A
C
1．Sanuki−aioi
ASAa
E汀
EAS汀EASAaUCrrrEASAaU汀EASAaUrrSEASAarrEASAaUひ汀EAA
Date
B
Locality Species＊
TJ
Bothspecieswerecaughtinneighboringtrapsatthesamestationonfieldsof
theJapanese pampas grass，abandonedfields with scattered shrub，and scattered
Shrubanddenseftrnsinpinefbrest．
Among41specimensofE・Smithicollected，therewerethreepregnantftmales，
fbur parous ftmaleswith openpubic symphysis，SeVen mature males withtubular
OLIVE 香川大学学術情報リポジトリ
1979年3月 Ebtheno7WSSmithiinCultivatedFieldsattheFootoftheSanukiRange
271
epididymis，and seven young voles under20gln body weight・Therefore，it ap−
PearSthatbreedingwascarriedoutonthesehabitatsinthisvole．
ReftrringtothecollectionreportsofE・Smithi，therehasbeennoreport，eXCePt
YosHIDA（1970），Ontheoccurrenceofthisvoleoncultivated負elds．YosHIDA（1970）
ShowedthatonespecimenofE．smithiwastrappedatthecornerofvegetablefields
（altitude40−100m）atthefbotofMt．Kiyomizu，nOrthern Kyushu，buthe didnot
discussthematter．InhisreportMicrotusmontebelliwasnotcollected．
SincethereareseveraloplnlOnSCOnCernlngthegenusnameofthisvoleamong
Japanese mammalogists（IMAIZUMI（1949；1957；1960）insisted on Eothenomys，
ToKUDA（1955）adoptedthenameAnteliomysandTANAKA（1971）sufPOrtedPhaul−
OmyS），itisdi餓culttocomparethisvolewithotherspeciesrelatedtolt．Butithas
been considered by the mammalogists mentioned above that the present vole has
SOme a伍nities to Ckthrionomys rathern than to Microtus．Reftrring to collection
reportsofClethrionomys，KNOXJoNES＆JoHNSON（1965）andMIZUSHIMA＆YAMADA
（1974）showed that C．ndbcanus was obtained alongpaddyfields and abandoned
PaddyfieldsintheKoreanPeninsulaandHokkaidoIsl．，reSPeCtively．InHokkaido，
Japan，ル〃crotus does not occur．SAINT GIRON＆BEAUCOURNU（1970）reported
that C．glareolusoccurred on opengrassland aswellasplneforestandmarsllOn
Belle−Isle，France・Theyfurthernoted thattheappearenceofC．ghlreOhLSinthese
habitatswasundoubtedlycausedbytheabsenceofMicrotusonthisisland．There−
fbre，itislikelythatthe occurrence ofE．smithioncultivatedfields aroseffomthe
absence of M．montebelliin Shikoku．Further collection studies are needed on
cultivatedfields at the fbot ofmountains where Microtusis not found．
Acknowledgement
Mr．M．C．MoBBShas carefully checked the Englishlanguage，for whichIex−
PreSSmygratitude．
要
金子之史：四国・讃岐山脈山麓の農耕地とその周辺部における
スミスネズミの分布
1976年11月∼’77年4月にかけて，スミスネズミ 血血仰∽γ∫∫而′カブ計41頭を，四国の讃岐山
脈山渡部（標高70′｝350m）にある階段状になった水田の堤の斜面，水田中のレソゲ畑，カン木の生
えた放棄水田，石垣の下部，ミカン畑の縁，ススキ原，およびカソ木とシダの生えたマツ林において
採集した。これらの標本のなかには，妊娠雌3頭，経産雌4頭，性的成熟雄4頭，および幼獣7頭が
含まれていた。上記の耕作地へのスミスネズミの出現は，l四国にハタネズミが棲息しないことによっ
て生じたのかもしれない。
Refbrences
IMAlZUMI，Y．1949．ThenaturalhistoryofJapanesemammals．Yoy6shob6，Tokyo．（InJapanese．）
．1957．Taxonomic studies on the red−backed vole fromJapan．Partl．Major divisions
OLIVE 香川大学学術情報リポジトリ
哺乳動物学雑誌
Vol．7，No．5，6
OLIVE 香川大学学術情報リポジトリ
1979年3月 Ebtheno11V，SSmithiinCultivatedFieldsattheFootoftheSanukiRange
273
0f the vole and descriptions 且Jthenomyswitha new species．Bu11．Nat，Sci．Mus．
（Tokyo），3：195−216．
．1960．ColouredillustrationsofthemammalsofJapan．Hoikusha，Osaka．（InJapaneSe．）
KANEKO，Y．1972．OccurrenceofsmallmammalsfromthenorthernpartofShikoku．Mem．Fac．
Educ．，KagawaUniv，，ⅠⅠ，（213）：1p7．（InJapanesewithEngl．abstract．）
．1979．Habitat preference of Apodemus4，eCiosus and MicrotlLS mOntebelliinlowland
habitatsin western Honshu and northern Shikoku，Japan．J．Mamm・Soc．Jap．7：
254−260．
KNOXJoNES，J．JR．，＆JoHNSON，D．H．1965．SynopsisoftheLagornorphs and Rodents ofKorea．
Univ．Kans．Publ．Mus．Nat．Histリ16：357−107．
MIYAO，T．，AKAHANE，H．M6RI，T．＆YAMAMOTO，Ⅰ．1966．Smallmamnals ofTsushima，Iki，
HikoandMt．Kamegamori．J．Mamm．Soc．Jap．，3：30−39．（InJapanese．）
MIZUSHIMA，S．＆YAMADA，E．1974．Onthedistributionandfoodhabits oftheMuridrodentsin
agrosystemsin Hokkaido．Jap．）．appl．Ent．Zool．，18：81−88．（InJapanesewithEngl・
abstract．）
OTA，K．＆JAMESON，E．W．，JR．1961．EcoIogicalrelationships and economicimportance o
JapaneseMicrotinae．Ecology，42：184−186．
SAINT GIRON，M．−C．＆BEAUCOURNU，J．−C．1970．Notes surles mammiferes deFrance．X．Le
Campagnolroussatre deBelle−Isle（Morbihan），Clethrionof7V）Sglareolusinsulaebelk7eHEIM
de BALSAC，1940．Comparison avec une population continentale proche，Clethriono7rU，S
glareolus glareolus（ScHREBER，1780）de Puceul（Loire−Atlantique）．Mammalia，34：617−
621．
TANAKA，R．1954．［Thepopulationecologyofvolesandfieldmice．］Misaka，K．（Ed．）［Volesand
負eld mice and their controu：64−110．Nippon−Gakujitsu−Shinkokai，Tokyo．（InJapa−
nese．）
．1962．A population ecology ofrodents hosts of scrub−tyPhus vector of Shikoku district
WithspecialreftrencetotheirtruerangeinJapan．Jap．J．Zool．，13：395」106．
．1971．AresearchintovariationinmolarandexternalfeattlreSamOngaPOpulationofthe
SMITH’s red−backed vole for elucidation ofits systematic rank．Jap．J．Zool．，16：163−
176．
．1973．［Insectivores，VOlesandmiceinKochiPrefbcture．1Kochiken−nO−Shizenkankyo：47−
51，（InJapanese．）
THOMAS，0． 1
mals
n
363．
ToKUDA，M・1955・・Congenericspecies？モVOlesfoundinJapanandYunnan・13ull・Biogeogr・Soc・
Jap．，16−19：388−391．
YosfIIDA，H．1970．SmallmammalsofMt．Kiyomizu，FukuokaPref．1．EcoIoglCaldistributionof
thesmallmammals．J．Mamm．Soc．Jap．，5：8q14．（InJapanesewithEngl．abstract．）
Platel．Study areas andhabitats，WhereEotheno〝ぴSSmithiwas collected．
a：Sanuki−aioi，Showing alluvialfan，Whichis exhibitedinthecenter ofthe
Photograph，andfaultscarp，Whichhasbeenformedbydiffbrentialerosion．
Inthealluvialfanthereisthestudyareaofpaddyfieldsinterraces．
b：Nagatani，Showingpineforestandshrubbyhillsideareas．
C：Seki，Showingpaddyfieldsinterraces．
d：Minoura，Showingplneforestareas．withscatteredshrub anddenseferns
（GJeわ毎〃ねsp．）．
e：Stone fense areas between abandoned paddyfieldsin terracesin Sanuki−
aioi．
f：FieldsoftheJapanesepampasgrass（怖canthussblenSis）inS
g：Red−Clover（77・的Iiumpratense）fieldsinterraced paddyfields，with rice
StaCks，Which are shown at theleft−hand side of the photograph，With
mandarinorchardsinthebackground．
h：A red−Cloverfieldin abandoned paddyfield．Close−up Of the caudal
POrtionofE．smithiinthetrappedpositioninthemoleburrow．

fantoni Quaranta5 価格表

運動特性の違いによる伸張反射機能の特異的適応

Curriculum Vitae

日本野生鳥獣目録(平成14年7月)