Toward Realization of Hyper-velocities for
Impact Fusion Ignition (I F I)
Nucl. Instrum. & Meth. in Phys. Res. A544 (2005) 67
M. Murakami
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University
ILE H. Azechi, H. Nagatomo, T. Sakaiya, S. Fujioka, H. Shiraga, M. Nakai, K. Shigemori
NRL S. Obenschain, M. Karasik, J. Gardner, J. Bates, D. Colombant, J. Weaver, Y. Aglitskiy
Contents of talk
・Introduction to I F I
・2D simulation
・First experiment
・Critical issues
Advantages of Impact Ignition
(1) Simple Physics
(2) High Gain
(3) Low Cost
Gain curves for Impact Ignition Targets
Impact Ignition can be designed in other illumination schemes
Laser Indirect
Laser Direct
HIB
T1
T2
HIB
HIB Indirect
Shock tube problem to estimate the necessary implosion velocity
u1  u2  D
p1  p2
Impactor
Main fuel
0 vs1  1(vs1  u1)
p0  0 v2s1
2
 p1  1 (vs1  u1)
1 2
 p0 1
 p1
vs1 
 (vs1  u1 ) 2 
2
 1  0 2
 1 1
2 (vs2  u1 )   3(vs 2  u3)
p1  1 (vs2  u1 )2  p3  3(vs2  u 3)2
2 s2 1
  1 2 2 s2
 1  3
3
(v  u )2 
 (v  u )2 
1
 p1 1
 p3
More realistic velocities would be 1-2 x 108 cm/s
 = 3,  = 5, p
3
3
= 250Mbar,
10
2
Temperature T (keV)
0
400
200
0  100 g / cm 3
1
0.5
1
Implosion velocity u
1.5
2
8
3
(10 cm/s)
Temporal evolution of density profile
1D Radiation-hydrodynamic simulation shows that hyper
velocities ~ 108 cm/s can be achieved under proper conditions.
vi  1.1108 cm / s
Experiment
Laser:
• Gekko/HIPER:
tL = 2.5ns (super-Gaussian)
lL = 0.35 mm
IL = 4x1014 W/cm2
Target: 14 - 20 mm,
• Br-doped plastic planar target (CHBr)
• Polystylen (CH)
High Intensity Plasma Experimental Research (HIPER)
HIPER and NIKE are the only facilities that can explore impact ignition
Target:
CH, CHBr
KDP
Foot pulse
Wavelength: 0.53 mm (2w)
Energy: 0.5 kJ
Intensity: ~ 1012 W/cm2
Beam smoothing: PCL
Main pulse
Wavelength: 0.35 mm (3w)
Energy: 5 kJ
Intensity: ~ 1014 W/cm2
Beam smoothing: 2-D SSD
We have observed a maximum velocity,
6x107 cm/s, ever achieved
Design Window for Laser and Target Parameters
0.95  h /  h max 1

˜  0.35
0.15  M
0.97    1.9
0.085  I a15 l2L  0.50
l L  0.35 mm

0.69  I a15  4.1
68  Pa (Mbar )  220
3.0  a (g / cm3 )  6.0 ( s  5)
Kritical issues that should be addressed
1 . Hydrodynamic instability of the
imploding shell in a cone shell
2 . Hydrodynamic instability on the contact
surface between the cone and the shell
Ignitor shell
Cone guide
3. Radiation transport emitted from the
contact surface and the preheat evaluation
4. Ignition condition and burn performance
of the impact ignition target
Summary
(1) Preliminary 2D simulation in full geometry
has achieved key numbers such as
V = 108 cm/s,  = 400 g/cm3, T = 5 keV
(2) First experiment has demonstrated a maximum
velocity, V = 6 x107 cm/s, ever achieved.
(3) Further research is now being programmed under
ILE/NRL collaboration toward realization of IFI.

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