Special Support Education
in Japan
Center for Research on International Cooperation
in Educational Development
University of Tsukuba, Japan
School System in Japan
Compulsory Education
Special Support Education System in Japan
(Compulsory Education - 6 to15 years)
A total of children with and without disability ; 10,860,000
Profound
Special Support Education Schools
Blind
Deaf
Intellectual disabilities
Physical/Motor disabilities
Health impairments
0.52%
(approximately 56,000)
1.86%
Elementary and lower secondary schools
Special Classes (Children
Severity of
Disability
Visual impairments
Hard of hearing
Intellectual disabilities
Physical/Motor disabilities
(approximately 200,000)
with disabilities are registered in special units.)
0.96%
Health impairments
(approximately 105,000)
Speech and language disorders
Emotional disturbance
Regular Classes
Resource Rooms (Children
with disabilities are registered in regular class rooms.)
Low vision
Hard of hearing
Autism
(approximately 41,000)
Physical/Motor disabilities
Emotional disturbance
Health impairments
Speech and language disorders LD
ADHD
0.38%
LD・ ADHD・ HF (high function autism) etc.
However, according to the survey of the teachers, there might be approximately
Mild
680,000 (6.3%) children with LD, ADHD and HF in classrooms (MEXT, 2002).
From Special Education to Special Support Education
Special
School
(0.46％) *1
School for the blind
(0.01％)
School for the deaf
(0.03％ )
School for the
otherwise disabled*2
(0.42％)
Establishment the schools meeting individual
needs beyond classification
Special Support Schools
＊1;( ) Enrolled children
＊2 ；School for
- the intellectual disabilities
- the Physical/motor disabilities
- Health Impairments
New functions of special schools
as local special education centers
Cooperation
welfare
Special
Supportive
School
Medication
Labor
University
Special Support
School
Nursery
Elementary
school
Lower
secondary
school
Kindergarten
Upper
secondary
school
Support
600
543
Number of school
500
400
300
197
200
104
91
100
71
0
School for children
with intellectual
disabilities
School for children
with physical/motor
disabilities
School for the deaf
School for children
with health
impairments
School for the blind
Type of schools
Number of Special Schools
(May 2006)
Trends in Number of Special Schools
1200
1000
number of schools
Blind
Deaf
800
Intelectual
disabilities
Physical disabilities
600
Health impairments
Total
400
200
0
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
year
Number of Enrolled Children in Special Schools
(May 2006)
80000
70000
Upper Secondary dept.
Lower Secondary dept.
Elementary dept.
Kindergarten dept.
Number of children
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
School for
children with
intellectual
disabilities
School for
children with
physical/motor
disabilities
School for the
deaf
School for
children with
health impaimants
School for the
blind
Type of
Schools
Number of Enrolled Children in Special Schools (May 2006)
Total
Type of schools
Kindergarten
dept.
Elementary
dept.
Lower
Secondary
dept.
Upper
Secondary
dept.
School for the deaf
6,544
1,263
2,210
1,279
1,792
School for the blind
3,688
268
678
448
2,294
School for children with
intellectual disabilities
71,453
57
20,585
16,060
34,751
School for children with
physical/motor
disabilities
18,717
59
7,811
4,455
6,392
School for children with
health impairments
4,190
1
1,410
1,379
1,400
Total 104,592
1,648
32,694
23,621
46,629
Number of Special School Teachers and Staff
(May 2006)
Number of teacher and staff
50,000
45,000
40,000
7,801
staff
teacher
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
38,288
3,381
14,940
5,000
1,836
4,908
0
School for children School for children
with intellectual
with
disabilities
physical/motor
disabilities
School for the
deaf
1,758
3,323
School for the
blind
722
3,598
School for children
with health T ype o f
impairments Sc h o o l
Number of Special School Teachers
with specialized license
(2005)
• Special School Teachers
- With specialized license
33,617 (62.5%)
- Without specialized license 20,140 (37.5%)
(2005)
Number of Schools with Special Classes
（May 2005）
Elementary
schools
Total of schools with
special schools
Lower secondary
schools
Total
14,004
6,532
20,536
National
8
8
16
Pabulic
13,995
6,523
20,518
Privete
1
1
2
Total of schools
23,123
11,035
34,158
Number of Special Classes and Students
Elementary schools
Type of special classes
Classes
Students
（May 2005）
Total
Lower secondary schools
Classes
Students
Classes
Students
12,927
39,763
6,264
19,986
19,191
59,749
1,648
2,914
554
834
2,202
3,748
Health impairments
639
1,261
262
435
901
1,696
Visual impairments
177
221
49
74
226
295
Hard of hearing
437
821
195
337
632
1,158
Speech and language disorders
328
1,197
31
44
359
1,241
7,550
21,508
2,953
7,416
10,503
28,924
23,706
67,685
10,308
29,126
34,014
96,811
Intellectual disabilities
Physical/Motor disabilities
Emotional disturbance
Total
Number of Students using Resource Rooms
Elementary
schools
Type of resource
rooms
Speech and language
disorders
Lower
secondary
schools
Total
Same
schools
29,683
224
5,764
1,072
133
25
Hard of hearing
1,536
280
Physical/motor
disabilities
4
1
14
2
37,134
95.90%
1,604
4.10%
Emotional
Disturbance
Low vision
Health impairments
Total
29,907
77.20%
6,836
17.60%
158
0.40%
1,816
4.70%
5
0.01%
16
0.04%
38,738
100.00%
Other
schools
Itinerant
teaching
11,293
18,047
567
2,148
4,548
140
22
120
16
373
1,267
176
3
1
1
11
4
1
13,850
35.80%
23,987
61.90%
901
2.30%
First Destination of New Graduates
of Upper Secondary Dept. of Special Schools
Graduates of class of 2005
Total of
graduates
Higher level
of education
Education and
training
institution
Employee
Residents of
welfare/medical
institutions
Others
Type of schools
Blind
305
111(36.4%)
10(3.3%)
52(17.0%)
85(27.9%)
47(15.4%)
Deaf
477
210(44%)
45(9.4%)
164(34.4%)
34(7.1%)
24(5.0%)
Intellectual disabilities
9,899
78(0.8%)
294(3.0%)
2299(23.2%)
5797(58.6%)
1431(14.5%)
Physical/Motor disabilities
1,981
31(1.6%)
96(4.8%)
120(6.1%)
1253(63.3%)
481(24.3%)
360
35(9.7%)
51(14.2%)
37(10.3%)
157(43.6%)
80(22.2%)
13,022
465(3.6%)
496(3.8% )
2672(20.5%)
7326(56.3%)
2063(15.8%)
Health impairments
Total
First Destination of New Graduates of Special Schools
- Upper
15%
Secondary Dept. -
(2005 of March graduation)
5%
7%
Higher level of
education
37%
45%
Education and
training institution
Employee
28%
34%
Residents of
welfare/medical
institutions
Other
3%
17%
School for the deaf
School for the blind
14%
1%
2% 5%
3%
24%
9%
10%
6%
22%
14%
23%
10%
59%
School for children with
intellectual disabilities
63%
School for children with
physical/motor disabilities
44%
School for children with
health impairments
Employment Rates of Special School Graduate
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
year
By MEXT http://www.mhlw.go.jp/bunya/shougaihoken/shingikai01/pdf/2a.pdf
Number of Labors by Vocation
-Special School Graduate in the Class of 2005Vocation
Production worker
993
Services
Wholesale and retail trade, eating and drinking places
669
300
Mining, construction　or civil enginiaring worker
240
Other
173
Business or administration
86
Transport and communication
76
Agriculture, forestry and fishery
61
Specialized, technical, or management position
60
Electrictity, gas, heat supply and water
Security Officer
12
3
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Number of Labors by Vocation
-Special School Graduate in the Class of 2005-
Vocation
Production worker
993
Services
669
Wholesale and retail trade, eating and drinking places
300
Mining, construction　or civil enginiaring worker
240
Other
173
Business or administration
86
Transport and communication
76
Agriculture, forestry and fishery
61
Specialized, technical, or management position
60
Electrictity, gas, heat supply and water
12
Security Officer
3
The Number of People having a Disability Handbook
Intellectual disability handbook
2004
Total
A（severe）
668,702
B（moderate,mild)
310,408
358,294
Physical disability handbook
Total
4,672,390
Blindness/Visual
Impairment
389,304
・Hearing Impairment
・Speech and
・Disorder of vestibular language disorders
function
・dysfunction of
mastication
440,394
Motor
disability
2004
Physiological
disability
56,884 2,610,135 1,175,673
Amount of
Disability Basic Pension Benefit
(for the year 200７)
Class 1
792,100 yen ×1.25 （82,510 yen /month）＋
additional amount for child
Class 2
792,100 yen /year（ 66,008 yen /month）＋
additional amount for child
Education for the Gifted
Tuition of a Cram School for Kindergartens
Admission fee
Tuition fee
Chief of the lab.
\31.500
Staff
40 min.
\14.000
40 min. \7.000
60 min.
\20.000
60 min. \10.000
90 min.
\28.000
90 min. \14.000
Trends in Percentage of Students Attending Private Cram Schools
(7, 10 and 13-year-olds)
Questions in entrance examinations
of Kindergartens
Choose the same figures.
日本女子大 幼稚園<Same-different task>
Choose figure when you opened this paper which was folded into half.
田園調布双葉幼稚園
<Reasoning>
Questions in entrance examinations
of elementary schools
What kind of figure is there when you put two transparent cards of left ?
Choose a figure from the right side.
筑波大学附属小学校 <Reasoning>
Watch a right photograph.
Which camera was used to take this photograph?
学習院初等科 <Reasoning>
Draw a figure when you folded the left figure into the right side.
早稲田実業学校初等部 ＜巧緻性＞
Questions in entrance examinations
of lower secondary schools
Fig.1
Fig.2
A
θ
B
C
E
D
The number of students
enrolling in Tokyo University, 2007
Name of gifted schools
Kaisei　High School
Nada　High School
Azabu　High School
Type of school
Private boys' school
Private boys' school
Private boys' school
Komaba High School affiliated
National boys' school
to The Univ．of Tsukuba
Ouin
Private girls' school
Tsuchiura First High School
Public coeducational school
(2007)
Number of
students
189
100
95
74
55
28
･Special Supportive School beyond
classification of disabilities
･ A role of Local Special Education
center
Special School
(The special school which is
separate type of disabilities )
Enrolled children 0.46％
(0.01％)
School for Blindness
and Visual Impairment
(0.03％ )
Increase of the number of
children for special education
The Special Supportive School
Increase of the number of
children with profound
disability and multiple
disability
School for Hearing Impairment
(0.42％)
School for
- Intellectual Disability
- Motor Disability
- Health Impairment
Special Supportive School
基本的な
考え方の転換
welfare
Meｄication
A change of basic
Concept to special
education
university
Special Supportive
School
nursery
Labor
kindergarten
Upper secondary
school
Elementary school
Lower secondary
school
Make the same form as this illustration with these plates.
桐蔭学園 幼稚園<構成>