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陽子のスピン構造:
2008.8.8 at KEK
東工大 柴田利明
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陽子
1
1
  qi  G   Lq    LG 
2
2 i
非偏極: f1(x)
密度分布関数 q(x)
縦偏極: g1(x)
ヘリシティ分布関数 Δq(x)
1
1
   qi   Lq ,G 
2
2 i
横偏極: h1(x)
横向きスピン分布関数
δq(x)
Q2 発展が異なる
陽子のスピン構造:
2008.8.8 at KEK
東工大 柴田利明
深非弾性散乱
レプトンビーム:
ミューオン , 電子, ニュートリノ
f ( xBJ , Q2 )
陽
子
ハドロン化: fragmentation
陽子-陽子衝突:
陽
子
f ( xBJ 1 , Q2 )  f ( xBJ 2 , Q2 )
陽
子
陽子のスピン構造:
2008.8.8 at KEK
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レプトン-核子偏極散乱実験
SLAC, CERN, DESY, J-Lab
FNAL, J-PARC (ニュートリノ)
軸性ベクトル形状因子 → Δs
SciBooNE at FNAL
KEK-Belle (破砕関数 fragmentation)
space-like
*
q
q
q
l
time-like
Drell‐Yan Process
FNAL, J-PARC
*
q
p
p
東工大 柴田利明
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偏極陽子-陽子弾性散乱 J-PARC
一般化されたパートン分布 (GPD)
パートン分布関数 ←
→ 弾性散乱の形状因子
偏極陽子-陽子衝突 非弾性 RHIC
Generalized Parton Distributions
~q
~q
H ( x, ,t ), E ( x , ,t ), H ( x , ,t ), E ( x, ,t )
q
q
Forward limit
t  0,   
H q ( x, 0,0)  q( x ),
~q
H ( x, 0,0)  q( x )
Ordinary Quark
Distributions
Sum rules, x – integral, sum over q
H ( x , , t )  F1 (t ), E ( x , ,t )  F2 (t )
~q
~q
H ( x , ,t )  gA (t ), E ( x , ,t )  hA (t )
q
q
lim
t0
Dirac and Pauli Nucleon
Form Factors
Axial-vector and Pseudoscalar Form Factors
1 1
q
q
q
dx
x
[
H
(
x
,

,
t
)

E
(
x
,

,
t
)]

J
2 1
1
q
J   qi  Lqz
2 i
2nd moment
Total angular momentum
Orbital angular momentum
Generalized (Off-Forward) Parton Distributions
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
Exclusive Meson Production
Deep Inelastic
Scattering
q, q

 , , , 
Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD)
~ ~
Hq , E q , Hq , E q
F1 , F2
Electromagnetic Form
Factors
( Elastic Scattering )
Total Angular Momentum Jq
Jq 
1
2
 q
i
i
 Lqz
Orbital Angular Momentum Lq
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
How to measure DVCS
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
Bethe-Heitler Process, known
calculable
d4
2
2
2

|
A

A
|

|
A
|

|
A
|
 I
DVCS
BH
DVCS
BH
2
d dt dQ dx


 LU   (e p) -  (e p)   sin  Im I
 ch   (e  p) -  (e  p)  cos  Re I
Beam-spin asymmetry by HERMES and CLAS
Beam-charge asymmetry by HERMES
-- DVCS-BH Interference, Real and Imaginary
DVCS Cross Section by ZEUS and H1

Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
(DVCS)
Coss section for
inclusive deep inelastic
scattering

-- Exclusive production of a real photon


x 
x 


p


Im
p
x
 
GPD


:Light cone momentum fraction
x BJ
:Exchanged longitudinal momentum fraction
2  x BJ
t   :Momentum transfer
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
First observation of beam-spin asymmetry of DVCS
ALU
HERMES (2001)

~ 30% effect
CLAS (2001)
