環境・エネルギー論 18 November 2009 REEC-IFOST2009 21-23 October 2009 Ho Chi Minh City About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries KEIO UNIVERSITY, JAPAN PROF. HARUKI SATO A practical viewpoint for designing a large and complicate system as a measure to global warming in Asian countries will be proposed. 1. Background Philosophical 2. New concept viewpoints; of Global energy: warming the value A concept for advanced thermal energy utilization based on energy value 3. New concept of education: system design V model research of Energy Environment Systems Center for Education and Research of Symbiotic, Safe and Secure System Design, 20082012 Global Centers of Excellence (MEXT Program in Japan) 2 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University What is Sustainable Society? (My viewpoint) Person and Society Person and Nature Global warming Energy resources Global warming Energy resources Reducing CO2 Nuclear power & Renewable energy Water circulation Renewable energy Low carbon society ＋ Sustainable society Recycling & Symbiosis Single Viewpoint for Person Double Viewpoints for Person & Nature About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 3 Haruki Sato, Keio University Objective of Strategic Technology is to build Interface Environment. forcus １＝person ： forcus ２＝nature Interface Environment Wild Nature Within Buildings Heat island Global warming water＋food＋energy resource 4 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University What is the relations among them? Air temperature and fossil fuel consumption Sea level / mm = 1.7 mm/year 5 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Carbon in the air: 7.6 × 1011 t +3.2× 109 t/year Net absorption in land −1.0× 109 Absorption in the sea −2.2× t/year Absorption in land Emission from fossil fuel 109 t/year +6.4× 109 t/year Emission from land −2.6× t/year 109 Carbon in land 2.3 × 1012 t Reduce CO2 Emission ＋ Develop Double Forests +1.6× 109 t/year Carbon in the sea 38 × 1012 t Carbon in total fossil fuels 3.5 × 1012 t Carbon Cycling in 1990s HP of Japanese government：http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/seisaku/sesakusyoukai/ondanka/a-2.html Based on the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University •When the mass of water on the globe is constant, the ratio of water in land and in sea would be important for deciding the sea level. •Forest is providing oxygen and absorbing CO2 with controlling the humidity and temperature of air, by getting solar energy and water. It provides us many important materials. 7 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Terrestrial equator How much mass of carbon and water can be stored on/in the land? 8 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Importance of woods & water In Asia, we have woods & water & solar . １．Global warming and sea-level increase: not only reduction of CO2 emission but also global water management (by keeping woods) ２．Renewable energy resource: bio-ethanol, solar, and wind (by keeping woods) ３．Securing water: securing sanitary and quality life： 300 L/(day Japanese) securing food and cloths ： 1000 L/(day Japanese) securing woods： ∞ L/day on land About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 9 Haruki Sato, Keio University Need Clear Concept on Thermal Energy （Global warming is a problem of TEMPERATURE.） 10 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Solar energy : waste heat ●Power plants (27 GW) ●Steel plants ●Gas plants Tokyo bay ●Oil plants 104 m× 104 m ＝ 108 m2 Ship factories ● Automobile factories ● Why the water in Tokyo Bay is not Boiling or keeping almost same temperature? Insolation 0.5 kW/ m2 50 GW 東京湾環境情報センター http://www.tbeic.go.jp/kankyo/sangyo.asp 火力発電所設備概要 http://www.tepco.co.jp/tp/list/index-j.html About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 11 Haruki Sato, Keio University Sea water 1 atm = the mass of the air 1 kg/cm2 Av. sea depth = the mass of water 400 kg/cm2 Heat capacity of water is four times of air. On the globe, heat capacity of sea is almost three orders of magnitude greater than that of the air. IPCC predicted 0.74 K increase in the air for 100 years. By using water circulation, keep clean the air and don’t heat the air; make lower temperature on the surface; and cool the air by water circulation in the air. About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 12 Haruki Sato, Keio University Air: Global Warming Ａｌｔｉｔｕｄｅ / km Average of surface temp. will become higher. S.Manabe and R. Wetherald J. The Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 241-259, (1967). They calculated the possibility of climatic changes 42 years ago for the effect of a. water vapor b. carbon dioxide c. ozone d. surface albedo e. cloudiness. Temperature / K 13 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University No effect to the natural environment, when the temperature of waste heat is exactly equal to the ambient temperature. Thermal energy Q times (1− T0/T ) equals exergy e e＝Q×(1− T0/T ) • Many people are confusing ‘Energy is consumed’ but ‘Energy is conserved’. • The value of energy is consumed. The value of energy, we call the ‘exergy’. Exergy makes work, which includes negative work to the environment. • What is the value? Above equation expresses the value in the quantity of Q. The level of my talk Q is T. When your level is T0 , you can learn e from my talk. • When we make temperature of heat to be lower by using water, temperature change of water is much smaller than the temperature change of air because the capacity and latent heat of water are greater than the air. 14 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Learn water circulation in natural environment Solar energy is more than 10,000 times greater than the energy consumption by people. We should recognize the power of the SUN. Transpiration (water vaporization) exaust heat from cooling tower exhaust heat from indoors sensible heat from wall retaining water sewage dry soil lower temperature About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries high temperature 15 Haruki Sato, Keio University Average Temperature of Cities in deg.C Heat Island in Cities Tokyo New York Paris Tokyo New York Paris World average Japan Meteorological Agency (March 2007) http://www.data.kishou.go.jp/climate/cpdinfo/himr/2006/himr2006.pdf About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 16 Haruki Sato, Keio University Learn from LEAVES and live with WOODS 17 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Solar panel (2 kW or 8 kW) with cooling tower(13 kW) G K J L C H I 3 B D 4 1 F E A 2 3 18 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University kW solar energy＞ 35 0.6 20 0.4 15 10 0.2 5 0 0 8:45 9:45 10:45 11:45 12:45 13:45 14:45 15:45 time solar radiation solar radiation / kWÅE m 25 kW solar energy＞ 1 35 0.8 33 0.6 31 0.4 29 0.2 27 -2 30 0.8 temperature / Åé solar radiation / kWÅE m-2 1 ＜maximum 8 0 25 10:30 11:30 12:30 13:30 14:30 15:30 16:30 time air of cooling tower outlet ambient air 19 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University temperature / Åé ＜maximum 2 Open Amenity Space Energy consumption of cooling tower would be less than 1/5 of air-conditioning system. No high-temperature exhaust heat and provide water to the air like trees. About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 20 Haruki Sato, Keio University Within artificial environment Wild Nature Highly sophisticated information tools for communication Solar thermal panel and cell Space of Interface-environment Storing rain-water minimum completely conditioned space safe and secure Energy consumption keeping to be gentle Transpiration symbiosis nature Energy conservation 21 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Renewable Energy Utilized Amenity Space Solar chimney Cooling tower 22 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Harmony with multi-disciplinary fields ＝ System design （creation of a large and complicate system） （creation of a comfortable and secure space） 23 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Role in University Reality （mainly several years later） Dream Government （Advanced Tech. & 30 years later） Engineering Industries Academics Science Students Students will change dreams to the reality. About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 24 Haruki Sato, Keio University Science Engineering Gives Dream (Possibility) Changes to True (Reality) 25 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University V model research Energy-Environment Systems Laboratory (Haruki Sato Laboratory) Practical Engineering Fundamental Science Thermal-Fluid Properties PVT Learning nature Cp C.P. Intermolecular Potential Parameters Open Amenity Space Vision Interface Environment Information Break through Exergy concept Thermodynamics Transpiration Decompressed boiling Statistical analysis/modeling/simulation Monte Carlo Method Method Energy Management Steam Table Refrigerant Table Desalination Cool Solar Panel Renewable Energy Assisted heat pump Creation Management Cluster Energy Supply Prediction of Energy Demand Modeling of Electric Appliances Principle New Thermodynamic Cycle Heat Pump + Renewable energy Ejector cycle + Renewable energy About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University Energy Environment Systems （Example of System Design on Complex System） Manager （vision） Leaders （System design） Green・Healthy （Field １：person&nature） Energy utilization （Field 2：energy） Green IT （Field 3：IT） Secure・Safe （Field ４：risk） Field 5: Social science ・ Economics Project １ Field ６： Architecture・Civil engineering Project 2 Field 7: Public relations and Communication Project 3・・・ Field 8: Practice & Work Support: Consortium About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 27 Haruki Sato, Keio University Water and Forest Cycle Symbiotic Society Learning Leaves and Live with Woods More Woods in future Change from Asian Countries １．Recover natural Albedo （Albedo of forest is 0.2） ２．Recover water cycle on the globe ３．Lowest exergy to the Environment Cool environment with water Hot environment without water About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries 28 Haruki Sato, Keio University 29 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University International Workshop on Environment & Engineering Advanced Sustainable Cities 24 and 25 November 2009 Hiyoshi Campus, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers th The 20 Anniversary of Environmental Engineering Division IWEE2009 ASC 30 About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
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