● Individual Differences in Growth and Development of Children The influence of metabolism , hormones, the properties of bone, dietary life, nutrition, living and social environment make differences in growth and development of children. Source Figure; http://ghw.pfizer.co.jp/gh/in/comedical/seityou/seityou6_3.html girl Adolescent Growth Spurt Growth Spurt Standard Pattern of Height Growth Source Figure; http://ghw.pfizer.co.jp/gh/in/comedical/seityou/seityou1_1.html ● Factors influencing Height Growth 1. Parents Height Height at 6 years of age, average of parents height, Bone Age, and entering the puberty period influence children’s height growth. 2. Late Adolescence Makes Height Increase See next figure. Late Adolescence Makes Height Increase Height(cm） boy average Early Adolescence Growth Late Height Adolescence Spurt Growth Height Spurt Age(year） Source Figure; http://ghw.pfizer.co.jp/gh/in/comedical/seityou/seityou1_3.html ● SD Score Standard Deviation（SD）shows how distribute the examples from the mean. Measured height data on many of the same age children have a normal distribution. See next figure. ● SD Score Method for the Evaluation of Height About 2.3％ of the total number of children with height data of under -2SD are considered to have growth disorders, such as growth hormone deficiency. Normal Distribution of Height 68.3% of all the people whose height is between -1SD and +1SD 95.4% of all the people whose height is between -2SD and +2SD 2.3% of all the people whose height is less than 2SD Average Height low Height Average Height high low Height Source Figure; http://ghw.pfizer.co.jp/gh/in/comedical/seityou/seityou2_1.html high ● SD Score Equation height - average height SD Score = Standard Deviation（SD） Source Figure; http://ghw.pfizer.co.jp/gh/in/comedical/seityou/seityou6_2.html ● Cross-Sectional Standard Growth Chart Evaluation of height growth on the same sex and age children. A child who has stopped growing or is growing more slowly than expected will often need an evaluation of height growth . Cross-Sectional Standard Growth Chart Height(cm） boy average Height Weight(Kg） average Weight Age(year） Source Figure; http://ghw.pfizer.co.jp/gh/in/comedical/seityou/seityou2_3.html Data in 2000 ●Importance of Early Detection for Disorders Growth 1. Poor growth may be the first sign of a problem in some diseases. 2. Early diagnosis and treatment of some conditions may help children achieve a more typical adult height. 3. Child neglect or abuse may also be associated with failure to grow. Case of Growth Hormone Deficiency（one girl） Height(cm） average AGE(year） Growth in Height shows down at point A Source Figure; http://ghw.pfizer.co.jp/gh/in/comedical/seityou/seityou3_2.html ● Growth hormone deficiency is a disorder that involves the pituitary gland (the small gland at the base of the brain that secretes several hormones, including growth hormone). A damaged or malfunctioning pituitary gland may not produce enough hormones for normal growth. ● Rohrer Index ＝weight (kg)/（ height (cm)3）ｘ107 ● Rohrer index ＝weight (kg)/（ height (m)3）ｘ10 Rohrer index Useful to calculate the obesity level of children ● Rohrer Index Severely Underweight under １００ Underweight １０１〜１１５ Normal Weight １１６〜１４４ Overweight １４５〜１５９ Obese over １６０ ● Rohrer Index ex. height :135cm, weight :30kg Rohrer index ＝30÷1.353×10 ＝30/2.46×10 ＝122（Normal Weight）
© Copyright 2024 ExpyDoc
