᭩ࠉホ BOOK REVIEW Up, Up, and Away ࢔ࢵࣉࠊ࢔ࢵࣉࠊ࢔ࣥࢻࠉ࢔࢙࢘࢖ Reviewed by Nobuaki Suyama* BOOK REVIEWED: ࢪࣙࢼ࣮࣭ࢣࣜⴭࠗ࢔ࢵࣉࠊ࢔ࢵࣉࠊ ࢔ࣥࢻࠉ࢔࢙࢘࢖㸸 ࢨ࣭࢟ࢵࢻࠊࢨ࣭࣮࣍ࢡࠊࣟࢵࢡࠊࣦ ࣛࢹ࢕ࠊ࣌ࢻࣟࠊ኱ࡁ࡞࢜ࣞࣥࢪࠊࣘࢵࣆ㸟 ≬Ẽࡢ㔝⌫ࣅ ࢪࢿࢫࠊ୙㐠ࡔࡗࡓࡅࢀ࡝ࡶᛀࢀࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࣔࣥࢺ࣮࣭ࣜ࢜ࣝ ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬ࠘ࣛࣥࢲ࣒ࣁ࢘ࢫ࣭࢝ࢼࢲࠊࢺࣟࣥࢺࠊ2014 ᖺࠋ Jonah Keri. Up, Up, and Away: The Kid, The Hawk, Rock, Vladi, Pedro, Le Grand Orange, Youppi!, The Crazy Business of Baseball, & the Ill-fated but Unforgettable Montreal Expos. Random House : Canada, Toronto, 2014. ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡀࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝ࠿ࡽཤࡗ࡚࠿ࡽࡕࡻ࠺࡝ 10 ᖺ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ 1969 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2004 ᖺࡢ 36 ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡢ㛗࠸㛫ࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᩥ໬ࡢ㇟ᚩ࡜ ࡶゝ࠼ࡿ㔝⌫ࡢࣉࣟࢳ࣮࣒ࡀࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࡢ㒔ᕷࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝ࡟Ꮡᅾ ࡋࡓࡢࡣ୍ぢࡍࡿ࡜୙ᛮ㆟࡞Ṕྐ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1967 ᖺࡢࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝ ୓ᅜ༤ぴ఍࡟ᅉࢇࡔྡ๓ࡀ௜ࡅࡽࢀࡓ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡣࠊึࡵ࡚࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ ྜ⾗ᅜࡢእ࡟⨨࠿ࢀࡓ࣓ࢪ࣮࣮ࣕࣜࢢ࣭ࣇࣛࣥࢳࣕ࢖ࢬ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝฟ㌟࡛⌧ᅾࡣࢥࣟࣛࢻᕞࢹࣥࣂ࣮ࢆఫฎ࡜ࡍࡿ ࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣜࢫࢺ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ⴭࡉࢀࡓᮏ᭩ࡣࠊ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡢጞࡲࡾ࠿ࡽ ⤊ࢃࡾࡲ࡛ࡢฟ᮶஦ࢆヲ⣽࡟グ㏙ࡋࠊ༢࡞ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶྐ࡟Ṇࡲࡽࡎ ࡟ẚ㍑ᩥ໬࡟ᙬࡽࢀࡓᅜ㝿⤒Ⴀⓗ࡞ど㔝ࡶ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚㔝⌫ࢳ࣮࣒ࢆศ ᯒࡋࠊ᭦࡟ࡣࠊ࣡ࢩࣥࢺࣥ DC ࡟⛣ࡗࡓᚋࡢ⌧ᅾ࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ ࢔ࢵࣉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㢟ྡࡣࠊ࣮࣒࣍ࣛࣥࡀ㣕ࡧฟࡍᗘ࡟ᆅඖࡢྡ≀ᐇἣ * 陶山宣明 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Modern Life, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan. 67 BOOK REVIEW ୰⥅࢔ࢼ࢘ࣥࢧ࣮ࡀྉࢇࡔ⾲⌧࡟⏤᮶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ๪㢟࡟ࡣࠊྡ㑅ᡭ ࡢࢽࢵ ࢡࢿ࣮࣒࡟ຍ࠼࡚࣮࣒࣍⌫ሙࡢ࣐ࢫࢥࢵࢺࡢྡ๓ࡀ㐃࡞ࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡀ⤊↉ࡋ࡚ࡲࡔ᪥ࢆὸࡃࡋ࡚᭩࠿ࢀࡓ Remembering the Montreal Expos (Gallagher) ࡜ྜࢃࡏ࡚ㄞࡴ࡜ࠊ⌮ゎࡀࡼࡾ୍ᒙ῝ࡲ ࡿࠋⴭ⪅⮬㌟ࡀࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒࡛࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬయ㦂ࢆࡋࡓ⏕ࡁドேࡔࡀࠊ グ⪅ࡢᮏศ࡛໭⡿ྛᆅ࡟ᩓࡽࡤࡗ࡚࠸ࡿඖ㑅ᡭࠊ┘╩ࠊࢥ࣮ࢳࠊ⫋ဨࠊ ཬࡧࠊ㈈⏺ேࠊ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔㛵ಀ⪅࡞࡝ࢆᩘᖺࡢෆ࡟ 120 ே௨ୖࡶ࢖ࣥࢱ ࣅ࣮ࣗࡋ࡚ྂ࠸▱㆑ࢆ᥀ࡾ㉳ࡇࡋࡓປస࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ⴭ⪅ࢣࣜࡣࠊ๓ⴭ The Extra 2% ࡛ࠊ࡝ࢇᗏ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࢱࣥࣃ࣋࢖࣭ࣞ ࢖ࢬࢆᛴୖ᪼ࡉࡏ࡚࣮࣡ࣝࢻࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࡲ࡛ᑟ࠸ࡓ࢛࣮࢘ࣝࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ ฟ㌟ࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫ࣐ࣥࡓࡕࡢ⤒Ⴀᡭ⭎ࢆ㧗ࡃホ౯ࡋࡓࠋᫎ⏬໬ࡶࡉࢀࡓ ࣐࢖ࢣ࣭ࣝࣝ࢖ࢫⴭ࣐ࠗࢿ࣮࣭࣮࡛࣎ࣝ࠘ᥥ࠿ࢀࡓ࣮࢜ࢡࣛࣥࢻ࣭࢚࣮ ࢬ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ௚ࡢ⌫ᅋࡢᡂຌ౛ࢆ▱ࡿ࡜ࠊ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡶ≧ἣ࡟ᛂࡌࡓ ๰ព࡜ᕤኵ࡛ୗ᪉࡟ྥ࠿ࡗࡓ㐠࿨ࢆዲ㌿ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡣ ࠶ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠼ࡿࠋ ࣔࣥࢺ࣮࡛ࣜ࢜ࣝࡣࠊ㔝⌫⇕ࡀ 1960 ᖺ௦࡟ಂ࠿࡟㝆ࡗ࡚‪࠸ࡓࢃ ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࢀࡲ࡛࡟ࡶࣟ࢖ࣖࣝࢬࡢ㛗࠸ఏ⤫ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࢻࢪ࣮ࣕ ࢬചୗࡢ࣐࢖ࢼ࣮࣮ࣜࢢ㸦3A㸧ࢳ࣮࣒ࡀ 1960 ᖺࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡲ࡛ࠕ໭⡿ ࡢࣃ࡛ࣜࠖ⇕ᡓࢆ⧞ࡾᗈࡆࠊ㔝⌫ࡣࢣ࣋ࢵࢡᕞ඲య࡟ᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ࢔࢖ࢫ࣍ࢵࢣ࣮ࡣ୍ᖺࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᴦࡋࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ࡓࡵࠊኟ࡟ࡍࡿࡢ࡟ࡶࠊぢࡿࡢ࡟ࡶࠊ㔝⌫ࡣ᱁ዲࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣓ࢪ࣮ࣕࡢྛ࣮ࣜࢢࡣࠊ1969 ᖺࡢࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ࠿ࡽ 2 ࢳ࣮࣒ࡎࡘቑࡸ ࡍࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣮ࣝࣜࢢࡢ୍ࡘ┠ࡢࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦࡣ㞴࡞ ࡃỴࡲࡗࡓࡀࠊࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝࡣ஧ࡘ┠ࡢ᳔Ꮚࢆᕠࡗ࡚ࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮ࣟࠊ ࣑࢛࣮࣮ࣝ࢘࢟ࠊࢹࣥࣂ࣮࡞࡝ࡢ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ㅖ㒔ᕷ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࢺࣟࣥࢺ࡜ ࡶ➇࠸ྜࡗࡓࠋࣟ࢖ࣖࣝࢬࡀࢻࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡢചୗࡔࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࣔࣥࢺࣜ ࣮࢜ࣝࡀ㥆ᰁࡳࡢ῝࠸ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣮ࣝࣜࢢ୍ᮏ࡟⤠ࡗ࡚⏦ㄳࡋࡓࡢࡣ ⮬↛࡞ᡂࡾ⾜ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1968 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 27 ᪥ࠊ࣮ࣜࢢᣑ኱ጤဨ㛗࢛࢘ࣝ ࢱ࣮࣭࣐࣮࢜ࣜࡀࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝ࡟Ỵࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓࡀࠊ⩣ᖺ 4 ᭶࡟࠸ࡁ࡞ࡾ㛤ᖥ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ࠿࡞ࡾࡢᙉ⾜ࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࡔࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ ☜࠿࡛࠶ࡿ㸦6-7㸧ࠋ࣓ࢪ࣮࡛ࣕึࡵ࡚ᮾすࡢᆅ༊ไࡀ᥇ࡽࢀࠊ࢚ࢡࢫ ࣏ࢬࡣᮾᆅ༊࡟ධࡾࠊࣇ࢕࣮ࣜࢬࡸ࣮࢝ࢪࢼࣝࢬ࡞࡝ࡢྂ㇦࡜㙞ࢆ๐ ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ 1960 ᖺ௦࡜ࡣࠊࢣ࣋ࢵࢡࡣ㟼࠿࡞㠉࿨ࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࠊ⮬⏤ඪᕞᨻᗓࡢ ୗ࡛ྂ࠸ࢣ࣋ࢵࢡࡣๅ᪂ࡉࢀ࡚ࠊᕞ඲యࡀ⮬ಙ࡟⁄ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ᫬௦࡛࠶ 68 ᭩ࠉホ ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ྡ≀ᕷ㛗ࢻ࣏࣮ࣛࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ࢝ ࢼࢲࡀⓒᖺ⚍࡜ࡋ࡚୓༤ࢆ㛤ദࡍࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜㐃㑥ᨻ἞ᐙࡀᥦၐࡋࡓ ࡀࠊࣟࢩ࢔㠉࿨ 50 ᖺࢆ⚃࠾࠺࡜ࡋࡓࣟࢩ࢔࡟ᩋࢀࡓࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊࣔ ࢫࢡ࣡ࡣ 1962 ᖺࠊ✺↛㎡㏥ࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊࢻ࣏࣮ࣛࡀᙉຊ࡟ࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ ࣝࢆ኎ࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛ዣྲྀࠊࢭࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣞࣥࢫἙ࡟ᛴ㑉ேᕤࡢᓥࢆసࡗ࡚఍ ሙࢆ‽ഛࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࡋ࡚ࠊ୓༤ࡣ㤳ᑿࡼࡃ⤊࠼ࡓࠋぢษࡾⓎ㌴ⓗ࡟ୡ⏺ ࢡࣛࢫࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆᡂຌࡉࡏࡓᚋ࡛ࠊࡓ࠿ࡀ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢᮏ ᣐᆅ໬࡞࡝⡆༢ࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶఱࡽ୙⮬↛࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸦2-3㸧ࠋ ࡑࢀ࡝ࡇࢁ࠿ࠊࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝᕷࡣ᪤࡟ 1976 ᖺኟᏘ஬㍯ࡢᣍ⮴࡟ྥ ࡅ࡚ືࡁጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦12㸧ࠋ ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡢ୍ᖺ┠ࡣࠊᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽ࢚ࢡࢫࣃࣥࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࢻࣛࣇࢺ࡛ ᪤Ꮡࡢࢳ࣮࣒ࡀ୙せ࡜ࡋࡓ㑅ᡭࢆ᥇ࡗ࡚࣮ࣟࢫࢱ࣮㸦Ⓩ㘓㑅ᡭࣜࢫࢺ㸧 ࢆᇙࡵࡓࡀࠊࡑࡇ࡛☜ಖࡋࡓ㑅ᡭࢆᧈࡁ㣵࡟ࡋ࡚ࣄ࣮ࣗࢫࢺࣥ࠿ࡽ࠺ ࡲࡃ㔮ࡗࡓᙉᡴ⪅ࢫࢺ࣮ࣈࡀ୰㍈ࢆᢸࡗࡓ㸦25-29㸧 ࠋ኱ᆺ㔝ᡭ࡛㉥ẟ ࡔࡗࡓࡓࡵ௖ㄒ࡛࣭ࣝࢢ࣭ࣛࣥ࢜ࣛࣥࢪࣗ㸦኱ࡁ࠸࢜ࣞࣥࢪ㸧࡜࿧ࡤ ࢀ࡚ぶࡋࡲࢀࡓ⫼ᬒ࡟ࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ே࡞ࡀࡽ௖ㄒࢆᏛࢇࡔࡇ࡜ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ 㸦54-56㸧ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢᦂ⡛ᮇ࡟㊊⦾ࡃ⌫ሙ࡟㏻ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓほᐈࠊࡑࢀ ࡶᑡᖺࣇ࢓ࣥ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢ୍␒ࡢ࠾┠ᙜ࡚ࡣࠊ࡝࠺ࡸࡽࠊ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡢ 㑅ᡭ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᑐᡓ┦ᡭࡢࢫࢱ࣮㑅ᡭࡔࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ୰ ࡢ୍ேࡀࠊࣃ࢖࣮ࣞࢶࡢࢫࢱ࣮ࢪ࢙࡛ࣝ࠶ࡗࡓ㸦52-53㸧 ࠋ ࡑࡢᚋࠊࢻࣛࣇࢺ࡛᥇ࡗࡓ⏕࠼ᢤࡁ㑅ᡭࢆ኱ษ࡟⫱࡚ୖࡆࠊ1979 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 1983 ᖺ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚㯤㔠ᮇ㸦ẖᖺ A ࢡࣛࢫ㸧ࢆ㏄࠼ࠊᖖ࡟ඃ຾ࢆ ≺࠼ࡿࣛ࢖ࣥࢼࢵࣉࢆసࡾୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࢚࣮ࢫࡀࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࠊ஧␒ᡭ ࡟࢞ࣜࢡࢯࣥࠊᤕᡭ࣮࢝ࢱ࣮ࠊ୍ሠᡭࢡ࣐ࣟࢸ࢕ࠊ஧ሠᡭࢫࢥࢵࢺࠊ ୕ሠᡭࣃࣜࢵࢩࣗࠊ㐟ᧁᡭࢫࣃ࢖࢔࣮ࠊእ㔝࡟ࣞ࢖ࣥࢬࠊࢻ࣮ࢯࣥࠊ࢛࢘ ࣛࢵࢡ࡜ゝࡗࡓᕸ㝕࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⏕࠼ᢤࡁ㸦homegrown㸧࡜ࡣࠊ᳜≀ࡢẚ ႘࠿ࡽࠊⱑᮌࡀࣇ࢓࣮࣒㸦farm㸧࡛᳜࠼௜ࡅࡽࢀ࡚༑ศ࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࠊ ᮏࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࡟⛣ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓព࿡࡛ࠊࡇࡢ 㡭ࡢ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡢ୺ຊ㑅ᡭࡣᥞࡗ࡚⏕࠼ᢤࡁ㑅ᡭ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1982 ᖺࡢ ࣮࢜ࣝࢫࢱ࣮࣭ࢤ࣮࣒ࡣࣔࣥࢺ࣮࡛ࣜ࢜ࣝ㛤ദࡉࢀࠊఱ࡜ 4 ேࡶࡢ࢚ ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬ㑅ᡭࡀࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣮ࣝࣜࢢ㑅ᢤࢳ࣮࣒ࡢࢫࢱ࣓ࣥ࡟ྡ๓ࢆ㐃 ࡡࡓ㸦187㸧 ࠋ ࢫࢺࣛ࢖࡛࢟ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡀศ᩿ࡉࢀࡓ 1981 ᖺࠊᚋᮇᆅ༊ඃ຾ࢆᯝࡓ ࡋࡓ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡣ๓ᮇඃ຾ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࣜࢬ࡜ࡢࣉ࣮ࣞ࢜ࣇ࡟຾฼ࡋࠊࢻ ࢪ࣮ࣕࢬ࡜ࡢ࣮ࣜࢢඃ຾Ỵᐃࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࢆ㜚࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ2 ຾ 2 ᩋ ࡢᚋࢆཷࡅࡓ᭱⤊ᡓࡣ 10 ᭶ 19 ᪥ࡢ᭶᭙᪥࡟ࣔࣥࢺ࣮࣭ࣜ࢜ࣝ࢜ࣜࣥ 69 BOOK REVIEW ࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢫࢱࢪ࢔࣒࡛⾜࡞ࢃࢀࡓࡀࠊ஑ᅇࡢ⾲࡟ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡣ㧗┠ ࡟ᾋ࠸ࡓ⌫ࢆ࣐ࣥࢹ࣮࡟ࢫࢱࣥࢻࡲ࡛㐠ࡤࢀࠊỴ຾ࢯ࣮࣒ࣟ࣍ࣛࣥ࡜ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ࠶࡜ࡶ࠺ᑡࡋ࡛࢝ࢼࢲ࡟࣮࣡ࣝࢻࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࢆ࿧ࡧ㎸ࡵࡿ࡜ࡇ ࢁࡔࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡟ࠊỌ㐲࡟᜼ࡸࡲࢀࡿኻᢞ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢᝒ๻ࡣࠕࣈ࣮࣭ࣝ ࣐ࣥࢹ࣮ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᚋୡ࡟ࡲ࡛ㄒࡾ⥅ࡀࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡿ㸦173-86㸧ࠋ ࢺࣟࣥࢺ࣭ࣈ࣮ࣝࢪ࢙࢖ࢬࡀ஧ᖺ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚࣮࣡ࣝࢻࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࢆไࡋ ࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡣ⤖ᒁࡓࡗࡓ୍ᗘࡢᆅ༊ඃ຾ࢆᡭ࡟ࡋࡓࡔ ࡅࡔࡗࡓࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊ1994 ᖺ࡟ྡᑗ࢔࣮ࣝ㸦∗㸧ࡢୗ࡛࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬ ࡣᛌ㉮ࡋࠊࢫࢺࣛ࢖࡛࢟ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡀ୰᩿ࡉࢀࡓ᫬Ⅼ㸦8 ᭶ 12 ᪥㸧࡛ ᮾᆅ༊ࡢ஧఩ࡢࣈ࣮ࣞࣈࢬ࡟ 6 ࢤ࣮࣒ᕪࢆࡘࡅ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ຾ ⋡ 6 ๭ 4 ศ 9 ཊࡣ࣮ࣜࢢ඲య࡛ࡶ୍␒࡛ࠊ࢔࣭࣮ࣜࢢ࡛ࢺࢵࣉࡢࣖࣥ ࣮࢟ࢬࡢ຾⋡ࢆࡶୖᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⤖ᒁࠊࢫࢺࣛ࢖࢟ࡣ཰ᣠࡏࡎࠊࡇࡢ ᖺࡣබᘧᡓࡢඃ຾ࡶỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࠊࣉ࣮ࣞ࢜ࣇࡣ඲࡚࢟ࣕࣥࢭࣝ P㸬࣐ࣝࢳࢿࢫ㸦࢚࣮ࢫ㸧ࠊ ࡉࢀࡓ㸦309-10㸧ࠋᗁࡢ⋤⪅࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬ࡟ࡣࠊ ࢙࢘ࢵࢸࣛࣥࢻ㸦ᢚ࠼㸧ࠊࣇࣞࢵࢳ࣮ࣕ㸦ᤕᡭ㸧 ࠊࣇࣟ࢖ࢻ㸦୍ሠ㸧 ࠊ ࣛࣥࢩࣥࢢ㸦஧ሠ㸧ࠊ ࣮࣋ࣜ㸦୕ሠ㸧 ࠊࢥࣝࢹࣟ㸦㐟ᧁ㸧 ࠊ࢔࣮ࣝ㸦Ꮚ㸧㸦ᕥ⩼㸧ࠊ ࢢࣜࢯ࣒㸦୰ሀ㸧ࠊ࢛࣮࣮࢘࢝㸦ྑ⩼㸧ࡢ㠃ࠎࡀ࠸ࡓࠋ1992 ᖺࠊ1993 ᖺࡶᆅ༊஧఩ࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊỴࡋ࡚ࡇࡢᖺࡢά㌍ࡀࣇࣟࢵࢡ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࢁ࠺ࠋ1981 ᖺ࡜ゝ࠸ࠊࡘࡃ࡙ࡃࠊ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡣࢫࢺࣛ࢖࢟ ࡜⦕ࡀ῝࠸ࢳ࣮࣒ࡔࡗࡓࠋ ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡢឡ⛠ࣀࢨ࣒࣮ࣝࠕ൅ࡽࡢᜊேࠖࡣ㉥ⓑ㟷ࡢࣘࢽࣇ࢛࣮ ࣒࡜ᖗᏊࢆ௜ࡅࡓࡽ࡝ࡇࡢᅜࡢฟ㌟࡛ࡶᵓࢃ࡞࠸ࡋࠊᐇ㝿ࢻࣛࣇࢺ࡛ 㑅ࡪ㝿࡟ࡶ᭱ඃඛࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣᮏேࡢ⬟ຊ࡛ࠊᅜ⡠ࠊே✀ࠊゝㄒ࡞࡝ ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ព㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࡸࡣࡾࢣ࣋ࢵࢡᕞฟ㌟ࡢ㑅 ᡭࡀ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬ࡟⌧ࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ≉ู࡞ព࿡ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝ ㏆㑹࡛⏕ࡲࢀ⫱ࡗࡓࣞ࢖ࣔࣥࡸࣈࢩ࢙ࡢⓏᯈ࡟ࡣࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࠸Ḽኌࡀୖ ࡀࡗࡓ㸦299㸧 ࠋ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡢึᮇ࡟ࠊ㔝⌫⏝ㄒࡣᩚྜⓗ࡟௖ㄒ࡟┤ࡉ ࢀࡓ㸦56-59㸧ࠋࢫࢺࣛ࢖ࢡࡣࣉ࣮ࣜࢬࠊ࢔࢘ࢺࡣࣝࢺࣞ࡜ヂࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࢼࢵࢡ࣮ࣝ࣎ࣝࡀࣂ࣭ࣝࣃࣆࣚࣥ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊᢞᡭࡀᢞࡆࡓ ⌫ࡀࠕࡕࡻ࠺ࡕࡻ㹼ࠊࡕࡻ࠺ࡕࡻ㹼ࠖ࡜㣕ࢇ࡛᮶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㠃 ⓑ࠸Ⓨ᝿࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⊂❧ࢆᶆᴶࡍࡿࢣ࣋ࢵࢡඪᕞᨻᗓࡣࠊ1977 ᖺ࡟ ࢣ࣋ࢵࢡࡢබⓗ௖ㄒ໬ࢆ᏶㐙ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢゝㄒ᠇❶ࢆไᐃࡋࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢ 㔝⌫ࡢ௖ㄒ໬ࡣᨻ἞ࢆඛࢇࡌࡓᩥ໬ⓗ࡞ືࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 2004 ᖺࢆ᭱ᚋࡢࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐙࡟࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡣ༡࡬ࡢ⛣ືࡀ Ỵࡲࡾࠊࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝࢬ࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡲࢀኚࢃࡗࡓࠋࣈ࣮ࣝࢪ࢙࢖ࢬࡣ࢚ࢡ ࢫ࣏ࢬࡢᖺ㱋ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓࡀࠊࢺࣟࣥࢺࡀࣇࣛࣥࢳࣕ࢖ࢬࢆኻ࠺ヰࡣ⌧ᐇ 70 ᭩ࠉホ ໬ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡓࡔ࢔࢖ࢫ࣍ࢵࢣ࣮ࡢ⏫ࣔࣥࢺ࣮ࣜ࢜ࣝ࡟㔝⌫ࡣࡑࡄ ࢃࡎࠊᮏ᮶ᒃࡿ࡭ࡁሙᡤ࡟ᡠࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣࠊ࡞ࡐ࢚ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡣ 36 ᖺ࡛ᖥࢆ㛢ࡌࡓࡢ࠿ࡢ༑ศ࡞⟅࠼࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㏫࡟ゝ࠺࡜ࠊ࢚ࢡ ࢫ࣏ࢬࡣ໭ࡢ㒔ᕷ࡛ 36 ᖺࡶᏑ⥆ࡋࠊ➨୍ᮇ㯤㔠᫬௦࡟ࡣ࣮ࣜࢢᖹᆒ ࢆୖᅇࡿᩘࡢほᐈࡀ࣮࣒࣍⌫ሙ࡟ワࡵ᥃ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦130-31㸧ࠋ NHL ࡢࢩ࣮ࢬࣥ࡜኱࣮ࣜࢢࡢࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡀ⿕ࡿ᭶ࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊཎ๎࡜ࡋ ࡚Ꮨ⠇ࢆ㏫࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ୍ேࡀྠ᫬࡟࢔࢖ࢫ࣍ࢵࢣ࣮ࣇ࢓ࣥ࡜㔝⌫ ࣇ࢓࡛ࣥ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟኱ࡋࡓ▩┪ࡣ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸ࠋ ⴭ⪅ࡣࠊ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ㔜せ࡞ᣦ᦬ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊ8 ᖺ㛫࢚ࢡ ࢫ࣏ࢬࡣ࢝ࢼࢲ࡛၏୍ࡢࢳ࣮࣒࡜ࡋ࡚࢝ࢼࢲ඲య࡛ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢆཷࡅ࡚ ࢸࣞࣅࡢᨺᫎᶒࡶாཷࡋࡓࡀࠊࢺࣟࣥࢺ࡟ࢳ࣮࣒ࡀฟ᮶࡚࠿ࡽ࢚ࢡ ࢫ࣏ࢬࡢᕷሙࡣ࢝ࢼࢲ࡛ࡶࢣ࣋ࢵࢡ௨ᮾ࡟⊃ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜ 㸦212-16㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊᕷࠊᕞᨻᗓࠊ㈈⏺࠿ࡽࡢᛂ᥼ࡀ୙༑ศ࡛㸦249-51㸧 ࠊ ಂ࠿௙❧࡚ࡢࢪ࣮࣭ࣕࣜࣃ࣮ࢡ࡛ጞࡵࠊ1977 ᖺ࡟஬㍯ࡢ࣓࣮ࣥ఍ሙ ࡛࠶ࡿࣅࢵࢢ 0 ࡟ᮏᣐᆅࢆ⛣ࡋࡓࡀࠊ᭱ᚋࡲ࡛㔝⌫ᑓ⏝ࡢⰋ㉁⌫ሙࢆ ᡭ࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜㸦134, 215, 309㸧 ࠋ᭦࡟ࠊ ࢫࢱ࣮ࢆࡌࡗ ࡃࡾ⫱࡚࡚࣮࢟ࣉࡋ࡚ࢳ࣮࣒ࡢỌຕࡢ㢦࡜࡛ࡁࡎࠊ࠸࠸㑅ᡭࢆࣇ࢓ࣥ ࡢᮇᚅ࡟⫼࠸࡚ᡭᨺࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓⅬࡶ↓どࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ 㸦92-93, 261-62, 354㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣮࢜ࢼ࣮ࡢࢳ࣮ࣕࣝࢬ࣭ࣈࣟࣥࣇ࣐ࣥࡢ㔝⌫⇕ ࡀ෭ࡵ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡶከศ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦236㸧 ࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ࣭ ࢻࣝࡢ⡿ࢻࣝ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ஺᥮࣮ࣞࢺࡀⴭࡋࡃᝏࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡶࠊ࢚ ࢡࢫ࣏ࢬࡢ⤒Ⴀࢆⱞࡋࡵࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦215, 250㸧 ࠋ Works Cited Gallagher, Danny and Bill Young. 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