TU Darmstadt
Institute for Internal Combustion Engines
and Powertrain Systems
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 1
Institute for Internal Combustion Engines
and Powertrain Systems – Staff
Prof. Dr. Christian Beidl
(Head of Institute)
Dr. Bernd
Lenzen
Christoph
Halscheidt
Christoph
Rathgeber
Raja Sangili
Vadamalu
Prof. Dr. Günter Hohenberg
(Emeritus)
David
Buch
Alexander
Feiling
Deborah
Schmidt
Christian
von Pyschow
Sebastian
Martin
Sebastian
Fischer
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 2
Hauke
Maschmeyer
Johannes
Hipp
VKM – Research Areas
ICE
Optimization,
Fuels
Electrification
Real Driving
Emissions
Exhaust Gas
Aftertreatment
Methodology &
Simulation
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 3
Research Area
ICE Optimization and Fuels
Gas Exchange
 Flow bench
 Simulation
 Optimization
Late
ZWignition
nach spät
50
40
IA Variation from
ZW Variation von
0°0°
to bis
33°CA
after TDC
33°KW
n. ZOT
30
20
10
Late ignition
ZW nach spät
19°CA
after n.
TDC
19°KW
ZOT
0
-180
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
 Design of experiments
 Dynamic application
36
 Map based
34
32
30
application
28
26
24
 Catalyst thermal
22
20
management
-10 0
10
20 30
DRAL
40 50
LKLAP
60 70
PENP
80 90
OSITIO
N [°]
-90
-90
0
90
Crank angle [°CA]
Kurbelwinkel [°KW]
ZV [°KW] VARIATION DRALL ZZP 0%AGR
OPEL Z22YH n=2000 n/min pme=2bar
Ignition
delay [°CA]
ZV [°KW]
60
Outlet
opens öffnet
Auslass
Indicating
Calculation
Visualization
Optimization of
internal engine
processes
Cylinder
pressure [bar][bar]
Zylinderdruck




Application
Heat
release rate [kJ/m³/°CA]
[kJ/m³grd]
Heizverlauf
Thermodynamic Analysis
180
Alternative Fuels






CNG
LPG
GTL
BTL
H2-Additives
OME
Special fuel supply on each testbed
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 4
0
60
50
40
T]
30
vZO
W
20
[°K
10
ZZP
70
Research Area
Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment
DPF-Analysis
Catalyst Investigations











Heavy & light duty
Maximum soot load
Balance point
Regeneration strategies
Backpressure
Filtration efficiency
SCR-Analysis
Heavy & light duty
Light-off behaviour
Dosing strategies
NH3-storage charact.
NOX-conversion
Active / passive SCR
Nozzle geometry /
evaporation
 Catalytic reduction of particulate matter







Heavy & light duty
Light-off determination
Aging factors
Sulphur contamination (DOC)
Characteristics in dyn.
test cycles
 Thermal management for catalysts
 Operating conditions and specific
requirements in hybrid electric vehicles
Particulate Measurement
 Gravimetric analysis
of TPM
 Extraction SOF/INSOF
 HPLC-LiquidChromatography
 Thermodissorption
analysis
 Particle size distribution and
particle counting (TSI, AVL)
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 5
Research Area
Methodology and Simulation
CAx-Systems






Highly Dynamic Testbed
GT-Power
CFD
Combustion analysis
Gas exchange calculation
NVH-Simulation
Drivetrain simulation
CAD
 High resolution
simulation
 Driveability analysis
 Analysis of drivetrain
dynamics
 Start simulation for
component specification
 Drivetrain evaluation
X in the Loop Test bed
System design and construction
Evaluation methodology
Maneuver based testing
Electric motor Controller
with universal inverter
and battery simulator
 Implementation of the
methodology in the development process
 Real Driving Emissions at the test bed
RT-Simulationsplattform
vist
Fahrzeugmodell
Betriebsstrategie
+
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
CAN
Umgebung
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20 0
-
Batterie
Wunsch
Automatisierungssystem
nsoll
~=
Batterie
Simulator.
Drehzahlregelung
nist
Fahrer-
Mgemessen
Fahrermodell
Klemme 15, alpha




Test Design
 Design of Experiments
 Optimization of hybrid
strategies using DoE
 Workshop for
professionals and
students
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 6
Research Area
Electrification
Testbed
Testing Hybrids
 X-in-the-Loop
vehicle realtime
simulation
 Comparison
vehicle – testbed with
real world driving
 Concept evaluation
 Operating strategy
 multicriteria optimization
 Battery simulation
 Measurement of electric motors
 3 own plus external
hybrid test vehicles
 Concept
evaluation & comparison
vehicle – testbed
on real world test tracks
 Mobile exhaust measurement
 Mobile combustion
analysis
Concept development and application
Simulation
 Range-Extender-Concept
 Comfort optimization
 vibration damping with
electrical motor
 NVH-Analysis and evaluation
 Operating strategy
development and optimization
 Direct start/ Hybrid start
 Realtime simulation
 Concept evaluation
 Fuel consumption
simulation
 Driveability evaluation
 Offline optimization
 Real world driving
 RealSiMM
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 7
Research Area
Real Driving Emissions
RDE at passenger car engine dyno
with RDE module
 Realtime simulation of vehicle,
driver, track and traffic
 Identification of critical
emission relevant dirving
scenarios
 Evaluation using EMROAD
and CLEAR
 Operating strategy
development
 Multicriteria optimization
RDE at chassis dyno
 Real time simulation of
track and traffic
 Measurement with PEMS
and stationary
measurement systems
 Maneuver based RDE tests
 Robot driver or real driver
RDE at heavy duty engine dyno with
RDE module
 SCR system calibration
with dosing strategy
development
 DeNOx-Performance
Optimization: stationary
and transient
 RDE compliant engine
design and combustion
system development
Road tests
 Measurement with PEMS System
 Influence of real driver
characteristics
 Statistical evaluation of track
severity
 Effects of the evaluation to the
emission result
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 8
Infrastructure & Equipment
12 Testbeds
with Emission Testing &
Combustion Analysis
Test Vehicles
Highend-Multiflex
Testbed (VVETB)
4x4 Advanced
Chassis Dyno (TUZ)
Hybrid Testbed
Engine-in-the-Loop
Test Tracks &
Real World Cycles
Vehicle Test
Instrumentation
RT-Vehicle
Simulation
GT-Power
Flow Bench
Chemistry Lab
FTIR
Particle
Counter
Battery simulator
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 9
Simulation
Environment
Mobile emission measurement
Real Driving Emissions
PEMS with FID
RDE: certification Euro 6c valid from 2017
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 10
Real Driving Emissions – Development Methodology
100
Transfer
80
60
Road-to-Rig
40
SPEED km/h
120
20
0



Identification of significant scenario
parameters
Approach to parameterize for real driving
scenarios
Implementation of connected functionality
Consideration of driver influence
RDE Measurements (PEMS)

Evaluation of customer specific
Real world driving scenarios
„Real world test“ for Engine-, Chassisand X-in-the-Loop Testbeds

May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 11
Cooperation with the
Center for Innovation and Environment, TÜV Hessen
AVL 4x4 Advanced Chassis Dyno with RealTime Simulation
 Consistent toolchain
with engine and
powertrain testbeds
 Idealy suited for
manoeverbased
testing and future
RDE requirements
 Joint Methodology
development with
TUZ, TÜV Hessen, Pfungstadt
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 12
Renovation of Testbed Infrastructure 2010/2011
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 13
Electromobility Center 2015
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 14
Events 2014/2015
 Vehicle & Powertrain Seminar, TU Darmstadt
Invited Keynote Speakers from Industry
 6. International Symposium for Developement Methodology,
10.-11. November 2015
 Tech Day „Indizierung“, TU Darmstadt, 29. September 2015
 Workshop Design of Experiments for students and professionals,
TU Darmstadt, 22.-24. September 2015
 VPC - Simulation und Test 2015, 17. MTZ-Fachtagung , Hanau bei Frankfurt am Main,
30. September/ 01. Oktober 2015
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 15
Publications 2015/2014
 Buch, D.; Beidl, C.; Hohenberg, G. (IVD): Möglichkeiten der Drehschwingungsberuhigung bei Parallelhybriden mittels E-Motor; VDITagung: Schwingungsreduzierung in mobilen Systemen 2015, Karlsruhe, April 2015
 Dr.-Ing. F. Atzler, Dipl.-Ing. M. Wegener, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) F. Mehne, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) S. Rohrer, Continental Automotive GmbH,
Regensburg; C. Rathgeber, M.Sc., S. Fischer, M.Sc., Institut für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Fahrzeugantriebe, TU Darmstadt:
Kraftstoffverbrauch und Emissionseinflüsse der „Phlegmatisierung“ von PKW-Dieselmotoren, HdT-Tagung Motorische Verbrennung,
Erlangen-Nürnberg, April 2015
 Dr.-Ing. F. Atzler, Dipl.-Ing. M. Wegener, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) F. Mehne, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) S. Rohrer, Continental Automotive GmbH,
Regensburg; C. Rathgeber, M.Sc., S. Fischer, M.Sc., Institut für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Fahrzeugantriebe, TU Darmstadt:
Fuel consumption and emissions effect from the „phlegmatisation“ of a passenger Car Diesel engines, SAE World Congress 2015,
Detroit (USA), April 2015
 Prof. Dr. techn. Christian Beidl; Rathgeber, C.; Spurk, P.; Göbel, U., Umicore AG & Co. KG: Impacts of Diesel-HEVs on exhaust gas
aftertreatment systems for future emission legislations, 15. Internationales Fahrzeug- und Automobilsymposium, Stuttgart, März
2015
 Christian von Pyschow, M. Sc.; Alexander Feiling, M. Sc.; Prof. Dr. techn. Christian Beidl; Dipl.-Ing. Magnus Schmitt, alle Institut für
Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Fahrzeugantriebe, Technische Universität Darmstadt; Dr. Eberhard Jacob, Continental Emitec
GmbH: Der synthetische Kraftstoff OME im Betrieb am Nfz-Vollmotor – Herausforderungen und Potentiale, Internationaler
Motorenkongress, Baden-Baden, Februar 2015
 Alexander Feiling, M. Sc.; Dipl.-Ing. Magnus Schmitt; Christian von Pyschow, M. Sc.; Prof. Dr. techn. Christian Beidl, alle Institut für
Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Fahrzeugantriebe, Technische Universität Darmstadt; Dr. Eberhard Jacob, Continental Emitec
GmbH: Potential des synthetischen Kraftstoffs OME1 zur Emissionsreduzierung bei Dieselbrennverfahren, Internationaler
Motorenkongress, Baden-Baden, Februar 2015
 Maschmeyer, H.; Kluin, M.; Beidl, C.: Real Driving Emissions – Ein Paradigmenwechsel in der Entwicklung, MTZ-Artikel, 76. Jahrgang,
Wiesbaden, Februar 2015
 Feiling A, M.Sc., Schmidt D, M.Sc., Beidl C, Dipl.-Ing. Michael Fischer, Honda R&D Europe (Deutschland) GmbH : NOx exhaust gas
aftertreatment in context to Real Driving Emissions, VDI-Fachkonferenz „AGN-Systeme“, Frankfurt, Octobre 2014.
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 16
Publications 2014
 Rathgeber C, M.Sc., Beidl C, Waldhelm A, P. Spurk, U. Göbel, both Umicore AG & Co. KG, Hanau-Wolfgang : The requirements and
potentials of the exhaust aftertreatment diesel hybrid applications, VDI Fachkonferenz Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme, Frankfurt am
Main, Octobre 2014
 Lenzen, B.; Beidl, C.; Maschmeyer, H.: Hybrid powertrains and RDE: Symbiosis or especial challenge, 2nd International Conference
Real Driving Emissions, Düsseldorf, August 2014
 Maschmeyer, H.; Kluin, M.; Mädler, J.; Beidl, C.: Integrated development process for Real–Driving–Emissions tests - From simulation
to PEMS measurements at the street, MTZ-Fachtagung „VPC.plus“, Hanau, Septembre 2014
 Beidl, C.: Evolution in a revolutionary environment; MTZ anniversary issue 2014, Wiesbaden, June 2014
 Kluin, M.; Maschmeyer, H.; Beidl, C.: Development of methods for vehicles with crosslinked energy management; ATZextra
Automotive Engineering Partners 2013, 74. Jahrgang, Wiesbaden, May 2014
 Spurk, P.; Göbel, U.; Rathgeber, C.¸ Waldhelm, A.; Weickgenannt, P.; Beidl, C.; TU-Darmstadt; Hohenberg, G.; Umicore AG & Co.
KG; IVD Deutschland GmbH: Exhaust gas aftertreatment for Diesel-Hybrid applications – general set-up, requirements and
implementation, Fisita World Automotive Congress, Maastricht, Niederlande, Juni 2014
 Göbel, U.; Spurk, P.; Noack, H.-D.; Waldhelm, A.; Rathgeber, C.; Beidl, C.; TU-Darmstadt; Umicore AG & Co. KG: The Diesel hybrid –
A solution for low CO2 emissions and the impact on exhaust gas aftertreatment, 7. Emission-Control, Dresden, May 2014
 Martin, S.; Beidl, C.; Müller, R. (MAHLE International GmbH): Responsiveness of a 30 bar BMEP 3-cylinder engine: opportunities and
limits of turbocharged downsizing, SAE World Congress, Detroit, April 2014
 Weber, T.; Beidl, C.; Düser, T. (AVL Zöllner GmbH); Gietzelt, C.; Degrell, O. (TÜV Hessen): The Chassis Dynamometer as real world
driving Environment, 14. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium, Stuttgart, März 2014
 Martin, S.; Beidl, C.; Münz, M.; Müller, R. (MAHLE International GmbH): Potentials of electric assisted charging using new control
concepts, International Engine Congress, Baden-Baden, February 2014
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 17
Education
Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain
Systems
 Lectures
 Verbrennungskraftmaschinen I + II
 Konstruktion im Motorenbau I + II
 Berechnungsmethoden im Motorenbau I + II
 Bachelor and Master theses
 Tutorial for students
 Advanced Design Project
 Training course for professionals and students
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 18
Thank you for your
attention!
www.verbrennungskraftmaschinen.de
May 25, 2015 | Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems | Prof. Beidl | 19

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