Development of Water-Soluble,
Metal-Based Catalysts for
Polyurethane Coating Applications
R N C O
Bu
Bu
Sn
L
L
L-
O
R
N
H
OR''
Bu
Bu
Sn
O
C
N
L
LR'
Bu
Bu
N
Sn
OR''
O
L
Brandon Parks, Reaxis Inc.
September 11th, 2014
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
HOR''
R'
Overview
v  Evaluation of several novel, water-soluble, hydrolytically
stable organotin-, Bi-, and Zn-based catalysts
–  Catalyst performance in several 2K WB PU and solventborne
coatings applications
–  Effect of relative humidity on curing
–  NCO/OH vs NCO/H2O selectivity using WS-Sn 1
–  Accelerated catalyst shelf-life data
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
Why Develop Water-Soluble Catalysts?
v  Increasing market for 2K WB PU coatings
–  Influenced by tightening regulations on VOC use
v  Decreased associated hazards
–  Flammability
–  Related insurance costs
v  Water provides a non-toxic, lower cost, abundant,
alternative solvent system
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
Deficiencies in 2K WB PU Coatings
v  Humidity may greatly influence the performance and
curing time
–  Often reliant on the evaporation of water for curing
v  Diminished film performance and properties
–  Film cracking and bubble generation
–  NCO/OH selectivity issues result in the generation of CO2
v Inferior appearance compared to standard solventborne
coating formulations
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
Catalyst Performance in a
2K WB PU Coating Formulation
300"
270"
240"
Time"(min)"
210"
180"
Set.to.Touch"
Tack.Free"
150"
Dry.Hard"
Dry.Through"
120"
Pot.life"
90"
60"
30"
0"
WS.Bi"1"
CTT Conference
WS.Bi"2"
WS.Sn"1"
WS.Sn"2"
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
WS.Zn"
DBTL"
No"Catalyst"
Physical Property Development
in a 2K WB PU Coating
Catalyst
WS-Bi 1
WS-Bi 2
WS-Sn 1
WS-Sn 2
WS-Zn
DBTL
No Catalyst
CTT Conference
L*
90.85
91.05
90.54
90.77
90.94
91.22
90.68
Color
a*
-1.23
-1.10
-1.36
-1.23
-1.17
-1.12
-1.16
Catalyst
Pencil
Hardness
WS-Bi 1
WS-Bi 2
WS-Sn 1
WS-Sn 2
WS-Zn
DBTL
No Catalyst
F
3H
B
HB
HB
HB
HB
Gloss
b*
1.17
1.41
0.84
1.19
1.30
1.35
1.35
20°
46.1
59.1
59.7
60.3
41.3
64.1
50.9
Cross-Cut
Tape
Adhesion
5B
4B
3B
3B
4B
5B
5B
MEK
Double
Rubs
68
68
54
52
52
48
38
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
60°
79.7
82.4
84.2
84.4
78.2
80.3
81.6
Effect of Catalyst Loading on
Dry Times in a 2K WB PU Coating
180"
150"
Dry"Time"(min)"
120"
Set3to3Touch"
90"
Tack"Free"
Dry"Hard"
Dry"Through"
60"
30"
0"
0.20%"
0.40%"
DBTL"
CTT Conference
0.20%"
0.40%"
WS3Sn"2"
0.20%"
0.40%"
WS3Sn"1"
0.20%"
0.40%"
WS3Bi"2"
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
0.20%"
0.40%"
WS3Bi"1"
0.20%"
0.40%"
WS3Zn"
Influence of Relative Humidity on
Catalyst Performance
250"
200"
Time"(min)"
150"
Set*to*Touch"
Dust"Free"
100"
Dry"Hard"
50"
0"
50"
75"
90"
50"
WS*Sn"1"
DBTL"
Rela8ve"Humidity"(%)"
CTT Conference
75"
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
90"
NCO/OH vs NCO/H2O
Selectivity Using WS-Sn 1
4.1
3.9
WS-Sn 1 - Water
WS-Sn 1 - Butanol
-Ln(Abs) (2270 cm-1)
3.7
3.5
Krel = 6.7
3.3
3.1
2.9
2.7
2.5
0
50
100
150
Time (min)
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
200
250
300
Catalyst Performance in a
Solventborne PU Coating Application
>"720.0"
720"
660"
600"
540"
Dry"Times"(min)"
480"
420"
Set-to-Touch"
Tack-Free"
360"
Dry-Hard"
300"
Dry-Through"
240"
180"
120"
60"
0"
WS-Bi"2"
CTT Conference
WS-Sn"2"
DBTL"
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
No"Catalyst"
Accelerated Catalyst Shelf-Life
20.00#
18.00#
16.00#
77.85
Gel#Time#(min)#
14.00#
12.00#
10.00#
8.00#
6.00#
4.00#
2.00#
0.00#
0#
1#
2#
DBTL#
3#
4#
0#
1#
2#
3#
4#
0#
WS0Sn#1#
2#
WS0Bi#1#
Time#(weeks)#
Catalyst#
CTT Conference
1#
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
3#
4#
0#
1#
2#
Bi(NDA)3#
3#
4#
Accelerated Catalyst Shelf-Life
95.0%
352
> 500
Change%in%Gel%Time%(%)%
75.0%
55.0%
35.0%
15.0%
!5.0%
1%
2%
3%
DBTL%
4%
1%
2%
3%
4%
WS!Sn%1%
2%
3%
WS!Bi%1%
Time%(weeks)%
Catalyst%
CTT Conference
1%
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
4%
1%
2%
3%
Bi(NDA)3%
4%
Conclusions
v  A series of newly developed water-soluble, hydrolytically
stable catalysts demonstrated excellent performance in
multiple 2K PU coating applications
v  WS-Sn 1 exhibited high levels of selectivity towards the
NCO/OH reaction and improved reactivity in high
humidity conditions
v  WS-Sn 1 and WS-Bi 1 showed exceptional stability in an
accelerated shelf life study
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
Future Studies
v  Further elucidate the NCO/OH selectivity of the WS-Bi 1
and WS-Zn catalysts
v  Study the performance of catalyst blends
v  Investigate the “curing profiles” of the catalysts
v  Expand the application scope using the new series of
catalysts
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
Acknowledgements
v  Dr. Lanny Venham
v  Carl Holsinger
v  Dr. Leon Perez
v  August Research
Systems Inc.
v  Reaxis Inc.
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014
Thanks For Your Attention!!
v  Visit us at table 54 for further discussions!
v  Check us out online at www.reaxis.com for more
information and literature.
v  Questions?
CTT Conference
Lincolnshire, IL 2014

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Catalyst価格表 2015/1/20∼適用開始