Ductless Jet Fan Systems in Carparks

30/04/2014
Ductless Jet Fan Systems in Carparks –
The South East Asian (SEA) Experience
Society of Fire Safety NSW Seminar
16 April 2014
Dr Amer Magrabi, Lote Consulting
Page 1
Presentation Outline
•
•
•
•
•
•
Evolution Ductless Jet Fans
Regulatory Framework
Code Objectives
Design Considerations
DJF Commissioning
Conclusions
Page 2
1
30/04/2014
DJF Code Evolution
• Pre-2008 - Performance-based
• 2008 - Circular FSR 3:2008
• 2013 - Fire Code 2013, Appendix 17
Page 3
DJF Regulatory Framework
Singapore Fire Code 2013
Deemed to Satisfy Solution
•
•
•
•
•
•
CFD simulation
Air change > 12
Ceiling height > 3 m
Fire size > 4 MW
Replacement air : natural +
mechanical
Fan spacing > 2/3 effective
range
Alternative Solution
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Meet PB root/sub objectives
Ceiling height < 3m
Smoke zone > 2000 m2
Air change < 12
Fire size variation
Fan spacing
Supply air
Other variations
Page 4
2
30/04/2014
DJC Fire Code Objectives
•
•
•
To relief heat and smoke from the car park in the event of fire
To assist fire-fighters in locating and attacking the fire safely
(To meet CO concentration requirements)
Page 5
ANY DUCTLESS CARPARK PROJECT
STAGE 2: CO-ORDINATION
PRELIMINARY DESIGN WITH COMPLIANCE
TO BUILDING & MAIN-CONTRACTOR REQUIREMENT
STAGE 3: DESIGN
FINAL DESIGN WITH CFD MODELLING AND
COMPUTER SIMULATIONS
STAGE 4: SUBMISSION
CFD REPORTS AND DRAWINGS
TO SCDF FOR FIREMAN TENABILILTY STUDY AND
TO BCA FOR CO TOXICIDITY STUDY
STAGE 5: SUPERVISION
INSTALLATION MV SYSTEM AND RI HOT SMOKE TEST
ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE OF SUPERVISION
Design Process
STAGE 1 : ANALYSIS
CONSTRAINTS AND COMPLIANCES
TO LOCAL CODES VIA THE USE OF JET FAN SYSTEM
Page 6
3
30/04/2014
Jet Fan Design Considerations
(DtS Provisions)
Page 7
Sprinkler Protection
•
•
•
Mandatory
Jet fan operation to minimise impact on sprinkler
spray pattern (Singapore)
Jet fan outlet to be located greater than 1 m from
sprinkler head (Malaysia)
Page 8
4
30/04/2014
Smoke Exhaust & Zoning - 1
• The car park to be divided into smoke control zones
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Singapore - 2,000 m2 (i.e. virtual smoke zones).
Malaysia - 2,600 m2
Minimum ceiling height - 3 m
Sprinkler zones to match the virtual smoke zones
Activation by sprinkler flow switch / manual call point
Automatic back up power supply
Smoke discharge shall not affect any occupied area
or means of escape at the level where smoke is
discharged
Page 9
Smoke Exhaust & Zoning - 2
• Fireman cut-off and
override switch at FCC
• Supply air either
mechanical or permanent
openings (>2.5% of floor
area) at less than 2 m/s
• Intake-exhaust separation
5 m (~10 m)
• Minimum 12 air-change
per hour during fire
• Fans, ducts, wiring rate,
etc, rated to 250°C
Page 10
5
30/04/2014
Fan Wiring & Interlocking
•
•
Connection of in groups of not more than 3 jet fans.
The jet fans are to be wired in zigzag configuration
CFD Design Criteria - 1
Page 12
6
30/04/2014
CFD Design Criteria - 2
Page 13
CFD Design Criteria – 3
•
•
•
Air quality assessment submitted to
BCA Singapore (i.e. Planning Dept)
Performance to SS 553: 2009 –
Code of Practice for Air conditioning
and Mechanical ventilation in
Buildings (formerly CP 13)
CO concentration, Clause 14, 25
ppm averaged over an hour
CO Monitor
Page 14
7
30/04/2014
CFD Model
Page 15
Hot Smoke Test
• 1 MW Fire as per AS 4391
• Test utilizing Table 2, BS 7346, Part 7 as a guidance
Page 16
8
30/04/2014
Observations
•
Regulatory Context
•
Malaysia UBBL – AS 1668.1:1974
India NBC – 30 ACH, 1,125 m2
Design objectives
Smoke control
Occupant life safety
Fire Brigade Intervention
•
Traditional exhaust vs jet fans
Dilution vs extract
•
Commissioning
CFD model consistency with as-built
Wiring, positioning, testing, etc.
•
•
DJC Bring it on ?
A 2 minute solution ?
Page 17
Thank you
•
•
•
Dr Amer Magrabi
[email protected]
1300 761 744
Page 18
9

Download Report