Answer Key.Ch.2 Study Guide.tst

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Ch.2 Study Guide
Answer Section
SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
Sample answer: Classification is grouping things according to similar characteristics. Taxonomy is the
science of classifying and naming organisms.
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2. ANS:
Sample answer: Scientists use scientific names for organisms to be clear and precise when they refer to a
living thing.
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3. ANS:
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
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4. ANS:
Sample answer: A dichotomous key is used to identify unknown organisms. It is organized into a series of
pairs of descriptive statements. By matching an organism’s characteristics to the statements in the key, one
can identify unknown organisms.
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5. ANS:
Archaea are commonly found in extreme environments. Bacteria can be found in soil, water, and other
non-extreme environments.
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6. ANS:
Answers may vary. Sample answer: The kingdom Plantae contains organisms that can make their own food.
The kingdom Fungi contains organisms that can’t make their own food.
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7. ANS:
taxonomy
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8. ANS:
Archaea
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9. ANS:
Animalia
1
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10. ANS:
classification
1
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11. ANS:
Bacteria
1
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12. ANS:
characteristics
1
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13. ANS:
no, A bacterium is a prokaryote because it does not have a nucleus.
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14. ANS:
Sample answer: Fungi, such as slime molds and mushrooms, absorb food nutrients from their surroundings,
where as plants make their own food through the process of photosynthesis.
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2
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ESSAY
15. ANS:
Answers may vary. Sample answer: Horses have a mane, hooves, and hair; frogs lay eggs
in water and do not have fur or feathers; chickens lay eggs with a hard shell and have
feathers.
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16. ANS:
Organisms in the domain Archaea are single-celled organisms without a nucleus. bacteria are prokaryotes
that usually have a cell wall and usually reproduce by cell division. Organisms in the domain Eukarya have
cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
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17. ANS:
Protista are single-celled or simple multicellular organisms including protozoans and algae. Fungi are
multicellular organisms that do not perform photosynthesis and do not eat food, but that use digestive juices
to break down substances. Plantae are complex, multicellular organisms with cell walls made of cellulose,
that use the sun’s energy to make sugar by photosynthesis. Animalia are complex, multicellular organisms
without cell walls, that can move around and respond quickly to their environment.
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18. ANS:
Sample answer: Based on the presence or absence of a nucleus in their cells.
Prokaryotes - Archaea & Bacteria
Eukaryotes - Eukarya
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19. ANS:
Sample answer: Plantae; Most plants are not consumers.
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20. ANS:
All members of the domain Eukarya have cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
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22. ANS:
chimpanzee
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OTHER
21. ANS:
lemur
3
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23. ANS:
no; Lemurs branched off between points A and B.
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STA: GLE.0807.Inq.2| GLE.0807.Inq.5
24. ANS:
Baboons have color vision, but lemurs do not. Color vision appears on the diagram after lemurs branched off
and before baboons branched off.
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STA: GLE.0807.Inq.2| GLE.0807.Inq.5
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