SPOKEN ENGLISH KÇiã`Ç…Õ XH› ‹¬OKÇ#O ! öH=O 24 „¬^¥ ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°O`Ë ä›€_# 125 ~¡Hê "ŒHê¼…Õ<Í "³ò`ÇëO ㄬ„¬OKÇ WOwÁ+¹ ^¥y LO^Î<Í ~¡‚¬ì‹¬¼O g°ä›½ `³°ª? KÇiã`Ç…Õ "³ò@“"³ò^Î\÷ªiQê WO`Ç䛽 =òO^³#ß_È° H›xqx Z~¡°Q®x su…Õ „¬i‰ÕkOz, ªkOz, J^ΰÄ`Ç"³°Ø#, ‹¬°°"³á# ‹¬¶ã`Œ…Õ `džǶ~¡°KÍ‹²# „¬ô‹¬ëH›O D Spoken English All in Spoken English One. „¬~Œ~ò ^Í‰× ƒì+¬ J~ò# English Ì„á XH› `³°Q®°"Œ_È° KÍ‹²# qO`Ç, qzã`Ç „¬i‰Õ^Î# ~¡‚¬ì‹¬¼O D „¬ô‹¬ëH›O. D ‡é\© ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ „¬@“}ã‡O`Ç q^¥¼~¡°œ`Ë ‡é\©„¬_È…èH› L^˼Qê° ‡ÚO^Î…èH› ‹¬`Ç=°`Ç=°=ô`Ç°#ß `³°Q®° q^¥¼~¡°œ HË‹¬O XH› `³°Q®°"Œ_È° KÍ‹²# ‹¬OKÇ<Œ`ÇàH› ㄬ†³¶Q®"Í° D „¬ô‹¬ëH›O. ãHù`Çë ~Œã+¬“O, ãHù`Çë ㄬƒ’°`ÇÞO, JkH› ‹¬OY¼…Õ L^˼Qê° H›eæOKǃÕ`Ç°#ß D `Ç~¡°}O…Õ L^˼Q® ㄬ†Ç°`Œß° KÍ‹¬°ë#ß x~¡°^˼Q®°ä›½, Civils, Groups, IBPs, Banks, VROs, Software(IT) ~¡OQê…Õ L^˼Q® ㄬ†Ç°`ÇßO KÍ‹¬°ë#ß Jƒ’¼~¡°œä›½, Inter, Degree, PG, B.Tech., MBA, MCA, CA, Pharmacy …ìO\÷ HË~¡°ž° KÇk"Í q^¥¼~¡°œä›½ TOFEL, GRE, IELTS, I-CET, LAW-CET …ìO\÷ ㄬ"Í‰× „¬sH›Æ䛽 =°i†Çò L^˼Q®°°, "Œ¼‡~¡°°, Q®$‚²ì}°ä›½ L„¬†³¶Q®„¬_Í q^ÎOQê ~¡¶‡ÚOkOKÇ|_Ok. WO^ΰ…Õ WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_È\ìxH÷ Hê=‹²# Jxß q+¬†Ç¶° W=Þ|_¨Û~ò. H›h‹¬O Dictionary 䛀_È KǶ_È=‹²# J=‹¬~¡O …è䛽O_¨ ^¥^¥„¬ô 4000 Ì„áQê Vocabulary `Ë ‡@°Qê Jxß ~¡Hê Meanings `Ë ä›€_# All in one Dictionary 䛀_¨ W=Þ|_Ok. g°~¡° Z<Ëß Spoken English Books KÇkq LO\ì~¡°. =°ï~<Ëß Institutions H÷ "³o¤ LO\ì~¡°. XH›øªi =¶ Spoken English All in One KÇkq KǶ_ÈO_. g°ö~ P‰×ó~¡¼‡é`Œ~¡°. ㄬu XH›øi ^ÎQ®¾~¡, ㄬu WO\ÕÁ LO_¨ež# J^ΰÄ`Ç „¬ô‹¬ëH›O Jx g°ö~ JO\ì~¡°. WH›Ì„á WOwÁ+¹…Õ<Í =¶\ìÁ_È°`Ç°O\ì~¡°. <Í#° #q°àOKÇ#°, g°KÍ 100% WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_ªë#°. WOwÁ+¹ JO>è F‹¹... WO`Í<Œ J<Í…ì Kͪë#°. KŒ…ÿO*˜ !!! D Spoken English HË~¡°ž…Õ "³ò`ÇëO =ü_È° „¬ô‹¬ëHê° LO\ì~ò. D =ü_È° „¬ô‹¬ëHê Ì‹\˜ ^Î~¡ öH=O ~¡¶.950/а =¶ã`Ç"Í°. P~¡Û~Ÿ K͆ǰ_¨xH÷ WH›ø_È W=Þ|_# =¶ ‡¦é<£ <³O|~¡Á…Õ ‹¬OㄬkOKÇO_ …è^¥ 76740 15555 H÷ g° „¬îië Jã_È‹¹ SMS K͆ǰO_. P~¡Û~Ÿ KÍ‹²# ~ËA #°O_ "Œ~¡O ~ËA …Õ„¬ô =¶ HË~¡°ž „¬ô‹¬ëHê° Postal VPP ^¥Þ~Œ „¬O„¬|_È`Œ~ò. ‡é‹¬°“"Í°<£H÷ _È|°Ä° K³eÁOz HË~¡°ž „¬ô‹¬ëHê° ‡ÚO^ÎO_. GSS ENGLISH RESEARCH INSTITUTE GSS INSTITUTE ‡¦é<£ : 7674014471, 7674014472, 7674014473 Web : www.gssenglish.com; E-mail : [email protected] GSS Spoken English F <Œ ㄲ†Ç° =¶`Ç$^Í‰× q^¥¼iÖ!! Spoken English JO>è „¬zó "³¶‹¬O, =¶@ Qê~¡_ J#ßk ㄬ†Ç°ußOz# JO^ÎiH÷ `Íe‹²# „¬zó x[O. ZO^ΰH›O>è XH› Class Room Qêx, XH› „¬ô‹¬ëH›O Qêx XH› q^¥¼iœ KÍ`Ç WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_O„¬ K͆ǰ_ÈO J<Ík W„¬æ\÷ =~¡ä›½ ZH›ø_È, Z„¬C_È° [iy LO_È…è^ΰ Hê|\÷“. ã‡H÷“H›…˜ <Œ…ÿ_£û …è䛽O_¨ Z=Þ~¡° WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_È…è~¡° Hê|\÷“ XH›ø WOwÁ+¹ =¶ã`Ç"Í° Hê^ΰ U ƒì+¬ =¶\ìÁ_È…è~¡°. =°i =°#䛽 D ã‡H÷“H›…˜ <Œ…ÿ_£û Z…ì a‹¬°ëOk? =°# KÇ°@°“ ㄬH›ø JO`Œ WOwÁ+¬µ =¶ã`Ç"Í° =¶\ìÁ_Í"Œˆ×ä LO_ LO>è =°#䛽 DrQê WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_È_ÈO =KÍ󋬰ëOk. Hêh =°#O |†Ç°@ J_È°Q®° Ì„_`Í Z@° KǶ‹²<Œ =°#䛽 `³°öQ H›x„²‹¬°ëOk. =°i W…ìO\÷ „¬i‹²Öu…Õ WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_¨#ß =°# HËiH› Z…ì f~¡°`Ç°Ok? U O_È<£HË, U J"³°iHêHË "³o¤ Hùkí ~ËA‡@° JH›ø_È LO_ÈQ®ey`Í =°# HËiH› <³~¡"Í~¡°`Ç°Ok. Hêx Wk JO^ÎiH© [iöQ „¬<Í<Œ? =°ï~…ì? UO K͆Ƕe? UO KÍÀ‹ë =°# HËiH› f~¡°`Ç°Ok? =°# KÇ°@¶“ W…ìO\÷ J#°ä›€eOKÇx "Œ`Œ=~¡}O…Õ WO\ÕÁ 䛀~¡°ó<Í WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_È@O <Í~¡°ó䛽<Í…ì K͆Ƕ#ß <Œ x~¡O`Ç~¡ ª^Î# „¦¬e`Ç"Í° D Spoken English All in One. D ~ËA…ÕÁ Z@° KǶ‹²<Œ, ZH›ø_H÷ "³o¤<Œ =°# Ja=$kœH÷ WOwÁ+¹ J_ÈÛOH÷Qê =¶iOk. D ~ËA ZO`Ë=°Ok q^¥¼~¡°œ° Degree, PG, B.Tech., M.Tech., MBA, MCA, CA, Pharmacy …ìO\÷ Technical KÇ^ΰ=ô° „¬îië KÍ‹²<Œ L^˼Qê° ^ù~¡H›ø k䛽ø`ËKÇx „¬i‹²Öu. XH› q^¥¼iœ =¶ã`Ç"Í° Hê^ΰ, `Ç=° „²Á#° Convent School …Õ KÍ~Œó<Œß `ÇeÁ^ÎOã_Ȱ䛽 WOwÁ+¹ =zó LO_¨e. ㄬ„¬OKŒ<Íß ä›½ãQê=°OQê =¶ió# H›O„¬î¼@~Ÿ "Œ_¨<Œß WOwÁ+¹ ~Œ"Œe. ª“~Ÿ ‚¬ìÙ\…˜…Õ ƒÕ[#O K͆Ƕ<Œß, ‘„²OQ· =¶…˜…Õ ‘„²OQ· K͆Ƕ<Œß WOwÁ+¹ =zó LO_¨e. W…ì K³„¬C䛽O@¶‡é`Í ã„¬uKË\ì WOwÁ+¹ =zó LO_¨e. W…ì ㄬu KË@ WOwÁ+¹...WOwÁ+¹...WOwÁ+¹...! JO>è <Œ =¶`Ç$^Í‰× q^¥¼iœ „¬~Œ~ò^Í‰× ƒì+¬ J~ò# WOwÁ+¹H÷ `Ç=Oz ^ÎO_¨° Ì„\ì“ež# ^ΰ‹²Öu. =°#䛽 WOwÁ+¹…Õ U^³á<Œ ‹¬O^Í‚¬ìO =zó =¶‹¬“~Ÿ Qêix J_y`Í ''WOwÁ+¹…Õ Hùxß „¬^¥° WO`Í~Œ! J…ìöQ =ªë~ò. D WOwÁ+¹H÷ J=¶à, JƒìÄ …è~¡°. Wk XH› =°‚¬ð‹¬=òã^ÎO, nx …Õ`Ç°#° `³°‹¬°HË…è=òÑÑ Jx ‹¬=¶^¥#O =‹¬°ëOk. D ‹¬=¶^¥#O =°# ‹¬O^Í‚¬ðxß f~¡ó…èH› ‡é=_È"Í° Hê䛽O_¨ =°#䛽 ZO`Ë x~Œ‰×䛽, =°#ªÖ‡xH÷ Q®°iKÍ‹¬°ëOk. J‹¬° ZO`Ç <ÍiæOz<Œ, ZO`Ç ã„¬†Ç°ußOz<Œ, Zxß ~ËA° ã‰×=°„¬_<Œ XH› ƒì~¡`Ç^Í‰× q^¥¼iœ D WOwÁ+¹x H›<ŒH›+¬“OQê =¶ã`Ç"Í° <Í~¡°óHËQ®°Q®°`Ç°<Œß_È°. ZO^ΰH÷…ì [~¡°Q®°`ËOk? n#O`Ç\÷H÷ Hê~¡}O Uq°\÷? Z=Þi ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°O f‹¬°HË䛽O_¨ D WOwÁ+¹ J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°ä›½<Í J=Hê‰×O …è^¥? ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ WO`Ç =~¡ä›½ Z=~¡° Q®°iëOKÇx, „¬\÷“OKÇ°HËx WOwÁ+¹ H›+¬“OQê =¶~¡_¨xH÷ ‹¬O|OkOz# Hê~¡}O Uq°\÷? J‹¬° D WOwÁ+¹ ZO^ΰ…Õ Qù„¬æ? D WOwÁ+¹ J=¶à, JƒìÄ Z=~¡°? WOwÁ+¹ XH› ‹¬=òã^ÎO J~ò`Í nx …Õ`Ç° ZO`Ç? <Œ ^Í‰× q^¥¼~¡°œ#° WO`Ç…ì "Ík‹¬°ë#ß D WOwÁ+¹ JO`Ç° `Íó…è=¶? <Œ ^Í‰× q^¥¼iœ ZÁ„¬C_È° D WOwÁ+¹ =òO^ΰ `Ç=Oz ã|`ÇHêežO^Í<Œ? …è^ΰ, Hê^ΰ, Hê䛀_È^ΰ...! JO^ΰöH XH› qzã`Ç"³°Ø# =¶~¡¾O…Õ, qO`Ç P…ÕKÇ#`Ë <Œ ㄬ†Ç¶}O ã‡~¡Oƒ’O J~òOk. GSS Spoken English "ŒHê¼° …èH›‡é`Í WOwÁ+¹ …è^ΰ =°i D "ŒHê¼° Zxß L<Œß~ò? Z…ì LO\ì~ò? Z…ì U~¡æ_È`Œ~ò? J#ß q+¬†Ç°O ##°ß "ÍkOKÇ_ÈO ã‡~¡OaOzOk. WH› <Œ ㄬ†Ç°`ÇßO JO`Œ "ŒHê¼ Q®°iOKÍ "³ò^Î~ò¼Ok. <Œ P…ÕKÇ#hß "ŒHê¼ KÇ°@¶“ u~¡Q®_ÈO ã‡~¡Oƒ’=°~òOk. Hêx ãQê=°~Ÿ „¬ô‹¬ëHê…Õ Hê…ì° 12 ~¡Hê° =°i†Çò "ŒHê¼° <Œ°Q®° ~¡Hê°Qê K³„¬æ_ÈO [iyOk. JO>è W„¬C_È° D 12 ~¡Hê "ŒHê¼`Ë<Í XH› À„~ŒãQꄦ¹ U~¡æ_¨e H›^¥? ‚²ìO^ζ À„„¬~Ÿ…Õx XH› À„~ŒãQꄦ¹x f‹¬°Hùx „¬ijeOz#„¬C_È° <Œä›½ Ì„á 12 ~¡Hê "ŒHê¼° `Ç„¬æ WOHê U"Í"Ë <Œä›½ `³e†Ç°x, "Œ¼H›~¡}O ^¥Þ~Œ <Œä›½ „¬iKdžǰO Hêx J‹¬° <Í#° ‡é°óHË…èx ~¡H›~¡Hê "ŒHê¼° H›x„²OKŒ~ò. =°i D "ŒHê¼xßO\÷h Z…ì <Í~¡°óHË"Œe? ZH›ø_È <Í~¡°óHË"Œe? <Œä›½ J~¡œO Hê…è^ΰ. J„¬æ\÷ #°Oz H›x„²Oz# ㄬu À„~ŒãQꄦ¹x qƒ’lOKÇ_ÈO ã‡~¡OaOKŒ#°. D ㄬ†Ç°`ÇßO…Õ Z<Ëß J^ΰÄ`Œ°, ~¡‚¬ìª¼° ãH›=°OQê |†Ç°@„¬_È_ÈO "³ò^ΰ̄\ì“~ò. XH› À„~ŒãQꄦ¹x "ŒHê¼°Qê qƒ’lOKÇ_ÈO, P "ŒHê¼ x~Œà}ìxß „¬ijeOKÇ_ÈO, XHùøH›ø "ŒHê¼xß XH› ^¥x`Ë XH›\÷ ‹¬i‡éó_ÈO, J…ì Hùxß "Í "ŒHê¼#° „¬ijeOKÇQê „¬ijeOKÇQê XH› J^ΰÄ`Ç"³°Ø# ~¡‚¬ìª¼xß H›#°HËøQ®eQê#°. Jk q„¬ôbH›i‹¬°ë<Œß#° *ìãQ®`ÇëQê KÇ^ΰ=ôHËO_. "ŒHê¼xß Q®°iëOKÇQ®Qêe Ð ^¥xß J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HËQ®Qêe Ì„á ‹¬=°‹¬¼ z#ß^ÍO Hê^ΰ. "ŒHê¼xß Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO JO>è ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ L#ß ã„¬u WOwÁ+¹ "ŒH›¼O =°#䛽 `³e‹¬°O_¨e. WH› ^¥xx J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HË=_ÈO JO>è ㄬu "ŒH›¼O =°#䛽 ‹¬O„¬î~¡âOQê J~¡œO Hê"Œe. nx Hù~¡ä›½ <Í#° ㄬ†Ç¶}÷Oz# =¶~¡¾O g°~¡° `³°‹¬°ä›½O>è g°H›k `Ç„¬æx‹¬iQê #=ôÞ `³„²æ‹¬°ëOk. L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 WH›ø_È XH› "ŒH›¼O W‹¬°ë<Œß#° „¬ijeOKÇO_. Nivas has been in Delhi. D "ŒHê¼xß Z=i ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°O f‹¬°HË䛽O_¨ <ŒïHá <Í#° ‹¬Þ†Ç°OQê J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HËQ®eöQ =¶~¡¾O U^³á<Œ LO^¥ Jx P…ÕzOKŒ#°. Ì„á "ŒHê¼…Õ 5 ~¡Hê „¬^¥° H›x„²‹¬°ë<Œß~ò. „¬^¥ H›~òöH "ŒH›¼O Jx =°#䛽 `³°‹¬° Hê|\÷“ Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ L#ß ã„¬u „¬^¥xH÷ J~¡œO `³°‹¬°HËQ®ey`Í P "ŒHê¼xH›O`Œ J~¡œO `³e‹²‡é`Ç°Ok H›^¥! J#ß P…ÕKÇ# <Œ…Õ ã„¬"ÍtOzOk. =°i ㄬu „¬^¥xH÷ J~¡œO _H›Æ#s…Õ ^ù~¡°ä›½`Ç°O^Îx =°#䛽 `³°‹¬° Hê|\÷“ _H›Æ#s XH›\÷ ^ÎQ®¾~¡°OKÇ°Hùx Ì„á WOwÁ+¹ "ŒHê¼xH÷ ãH÷Ok q^ÎOQê ㄬu „¬^¥xH÷ J~Œœxß _H›Æ#s…Õ KǶ‹¬¶ë `³°Q®° "ŒH›¼O `džǶ~¡° K͆ǰ_¨xH÷ ㄬ†Ç°ußOKŒ#°. Nivas JO>è _H›Æ#s KǶ_ÈH›‡é~ò<Œ J~¡œO `³e‹²‡é`Ç°Ok. has JO>è H›ey LO_È_ÈO Jx _H›Æ#s…Õ ã"Œ‹² LOk. been JO>è Wk be form, past participle Jx ã"Œ‹² LOk. in JO>è …Õ„¬ Wk _H›Æ#s KǶ_ÈH›‡é~ò<Œ =°#䛽 `³°‹¬°. Delhi JO>è =°#䛽 `³e‹²# q+¬†Ç°"Í°. W…ì Ì„á WOwÁ+¹ "ŒH›¼O…Õx ㄬu „¬^¥xH÷ q_q_Qê J~Œœ#° _H›Æ#s ^¥Þ~Œ ~Œ|\ì“#°. W„¬C_È° D `³°Q®° J~Œœhß H›e„² KǶÀ‹ë WkQË D ãH÷Ok "ŒH›¼O =zóOk. x"Œ‹¹ _bÁ…Õ H›ey LO_È_ÈO ‡‹¹“ ‡i“‹²„¬ô…˜. GSS Spoken English J‹¬° Wk "ŒH›¼O…ì Jx„²‹¬°ëO^¥! =°i ‹¬=°‹¬¼ ZH›ø_È°Ok? ㄬu „¬^¥xH÷ J~¡œO _H›Æ#s…Õ KǶ‹² `džǶ~¡° K͉§#°. Hêh "ŒH›¼O =¶ã`ÇO J~¡œ=O`ÇOQê …è^ΰ. „¬^¥ H›~òH› "ŒH›¼"³°Ø#„¬C_È° ㄬu^¥xH© J~¡œO `³e‹²# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç ä›€_¨ P "ŒHê¼xH÷ J~¡œ=O`Ç"³°Ø# `³°Q®° "ŒH›¼O `džǶ~¡° Hê…è^ΰ. JO>è ‹¬=°‹¬¼ U^Ë LOk. Ì„á WOwÁ+¹ "ŒHê¼xß ã‰×^ÎœQê „¬ijeÀ‹ë ‹¬=°‹¬¼ Zä›ø_È°O^Ë <ŒöH Hê^ΰ g°ä›½ 䛀_¨ `³e‹²‡é`Ç°Ok. Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ ‹¬=°‹¬¼ has been J#ß „¬^¥…Õ L#ßk. has H÷, been H÷ q_q_Qê J~ò`Í J~¡œO _H›Æ#s…Õ ^ù~¡°ä›½`Ç°Ok. Hêh, _³áï~䛽“Qê has been H÷ _H›Æ#s…Õ J~¡œO LO_È^Îx `³e‹²‡é~òOk. nxx |\÷“ Ì„á WOwÁ+¹ "ŒHê¼xß <Í#° ‹¬ãH›=°OQê J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HË"Œe JO>è q_„¬^¥ä›½ Hê^ΰ, „¬^¥ H›~òH›ä›½ J~¡œO `³e†Ç¶e J#ß „¬zó x[O `³°‹¬°HËQ®eQê#°. JO>è Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ ‹¬=°‹¬¼ q_Qê has k Hê^ΰ, been k Hê^ΰ. D ï~O_È° „¬^¥ H›~òH›`Ë U~¡æ_# has been k Jx <Œä›½ J~¡œO J~ò¼Ok. W„¬C_È° Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ <Œä›½ U~¡æ_# ‹¬=°‹¬¼ has been H÷ J~¡œO `³e†Ç°H›‡é=_ÈO. q°ye# q_ „¬^¥° <Œä›½ ‹¬=°‹¬¼Qê H›x„²OKÇ_ÈO …è^ΰ. Has been XH›ø>è <Œä›½ Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ ‹¬=°‹¬¼Qê <Œ H›ˆ×¤ä›½ H›x„²ªéëOk. JO^ΰ=Á D ï~O_È° „¬^¥ H›~òH›`Ë U~¡æ_# ~¡¶‡xH÷ combination Jx À„~¡° Ì„\ì“#°. =°~¡…ì Q®°iëOKÇ°HËO_. HêOa<Í+¬<£ JO>è „¬^¥ H›~òH›`Ë U~¡æ_# ~¡¶„¬O. D q^ÎOQê Hùxß "Í "ŒHê¼#° „¬ijeOKÇQê ㄬu "ŒH›¼O…Õ#¶ XH› HêOa<Í+¬<£ =¶ã`Ç"Í° ‹¬=°‹¬¼Qê <Œä›½ H›x„²OzOk. q°ye# „¬^¥° _H›Æ#s KǶÀ‹ë ‹¬æ+¬“"³°Ø# J~Œœxß W=ÞQ®°Q®°`Ç°<Œß~ò. Hêh, HêOa<Í+¬<£ä›½ =¶ã`ÇO _H›Æ#s…Õ J~¡œO ^ù~¡H›_ÈO …è^ΰ. J…ìöQ =°~ùH› "ŒHê¼xß KǶ^¥íO. Having seen your advertisement in the Hindu. Ì„á "ŒHê¼xß J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HË=_¨xH÷ J_È°Û„¬_È°`Ç°#ß^Íq°\Õ g°~¡° Q®°iëOKÇO_. Having seen J#ß HêOa<Í+¬<£ H›^¥! q°ye# „¬^¥H÷ J~Œœ° ㄬu XH›øiH© W>è“ ‹¬°ƒ’OQê `³e‹²‡é`Ç°<Œß~ò. Having Q®°iOz _H›Æ#s…Õ LO@°Ok. J…ìöQ seen Q®°iOz 䛀_¨ _H›Æ#s…Õ LO@°Ok. Hêh D ï~O_È° „¬^¥ H›~òH›`Ë U~¡æ_# ~¡¶„¬O Q®°iOz =¶ã`ÇO _H›Æ#s…Õ H›x„²OKÇ^ΰ. WH›ø_È =°~Ë ‡Ú~¡‡@° 䛀_¨ [iy‡é`Ç°Ok. Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ L#ß HêOa<Í+¬<£H÷ J~¡œO _H›Æ#s…Õ Qêh …èH› =°ï~=Þi ^¥Þ~ŒQêh ‹¬æ+¬“OQê `³e†Ç°H›‡é=_ÈO =Á Ì„á "ŒHê¼xß J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HË=_¨xH÷ Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ q°ye# „¬^¥ J~Œœ`Ë HêOa<Í+¬<£ J~Œœxß T‚²ìOKÇ°Hùx 䛽Á„¬ëOQê J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°ä›½O@°<Œß~¡° `Ç„¬æ ‹¬æ+¬“OQê J~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HË=_¨xH÷ ㄬ†Ç°`ÇßO K͆ǰ_ÈO …è^ΰ. JO>è Ì„á "ŒH›¼O…Õ having seen J#ß HêOa<Í+¬<£H÷ J~¡œO =°#䛽 `³e†Ç°^ΰ Hêh your advertisement JO>è ''g° †³òH›ø ㄬH›@#ÑÑ Jx `³°‹¬°. In the Hindu JO>è ''‚²ìO^ζ À„„¬~Ÿ…ÕÑÑ Jx `³°‹¬°. JO^ΰ=Á ‚²ìO^ζ À„„¬~Ÿ…Õ g° †³òH›ø ㄬH›@#xÐÐÐ? D "ŒHê¼xß „¬îië K͆ǶO>è U"³ò‹¬°ëO^Ë T‚²ìOKÇO_. KǶ_È@O J#ß ‰×ƒìíxH÷ ‹¬Oƒ’OkOz# ~¡¶„¬O`Ë =¶ã`Ç"Í° D "ŒH›¼O „¬î~¡ë=ô`Ç°O^Îx Z=ÞiïHá<Œ `³°‹¬°ëOk. JO^ΰ=Á WH›ø_È =°#䛽 J~¡œO J~ò# q+¬†Ç°O Uq°@O>è having seen J#ß HêOa<Í+¬<£H÷ J~¡œO ‹¬æ+¬“OQê `³e†Ç°_ÈO …è^ΰ. öH=O 䛽Á„¬ëOQê T‚²ìOKǰ䛽O@°<Œß=°O`Í. D q^ÎOQê U "ŒHê¼xß `³°‹¬°ä›½<Œß P "ŒH›¼O…Õ HêOa<Í+¬<£ XH›ø_Í XH› Ì„^Îí ‹¬=°‹¬¼Qê <Œä›½ H›x„²OzOk. W…ì H›x„²Oz# ㄬu "ŒH›¼O…Õ#¶ XH› HêOa<Í+¬<£ LO_È@O Q®=°xOKŒ#°. J„¬C_È° XH› z#ß P…ÕKÇ# <Œ |°ã~¡…ÕH÷ ㄬ"ÍtOzOk. U "ŒHê¼xß KǶ‹²<Œ JO^ΰ…Õ XH› HêOa<Í+¬<£ LO_È_ÈO =Á ~¡H›~¡Hê "ŒHê¼…Õ ~¡H›~¡Hê ~¡¶‡…Õ H›x„²OKÍ Jxß HêOa<Í+¬<£žx XH› e‹¬°“Qê `džǶ~¡°KÍ‹² J‹¬° D ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ Zxß ~¡Hê HêOa<Í+¬<£ž L<Œß†³¶ `³°‹¬°ä›½O>è Z…ì LO@°Ok Jx„²OzOk. J„¬æ\÷ #°O_ H›x„²Oz# GSS Spoken English ㄬu "ŒH›¼O…Õ L#ß HêOa<Í+¬<£x Q®°iëOz "Œ\÷H÷ e‹¬°“ XH›\÷ `džǶ~¡°K͆ǰ_ÈO ã‡~¡OaOKŒ#°. D ㄬ†Ç°`ÇßO ‹¬O=`Çž~Œ `Ç~¡|_ ªyOk. P x~¡O`Ç~¡ ª^Î#…Õ Hùxß HË\ì#°HË@Á WOwÁ+¹ "ŒHê¼…Õ ã„¬u "ŒH›¼O…Õ `Ç„¬æx‹¬iQê H›x„²OKÍ HêOa<Í+¬<£ž Jhß H›e„² ㄬ„¬OKÇO "³ò`ÇëO g°^Î z=~¡ä›½ 24 Helping Verbs `Ë =KÍó 125 HêOa<Í+¬<£ž =¶ã`Ç"Í° =òY¼OQê L<Œß†Ç°#ß J^ΰÄ`Ç ~¡‚¬ìª¼xß `³°‹¬°HËQ®eQê#°. ZO`Ç z#ß "ŒH›¼O J~ò<Œ, ZO`Ç Ì„^Îí "ŒH›¼O J~ò<Œ P "ŒH›¼O…Õ ã„¬^¥#"³°Ø# ‡ã`Ç HêOa<Í+¬<£^Í. D HêOa<Í+¬<£H÷ J~¡œO `³eÀ‹ë P "ŒHê¼xH÷ JO`Œ J~¡œO `³e‹²‡é~ò#>èÁ. JO^ΰ=Á XH› "ŒH›¼O…Õ "³ò^Î@ HêOa<Í+¬<£x Q®°iëOKŒe. P `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç =¶ã`Ç"Í° ^¥x J~Œœxß `³°‹¬°HË"Œe. ‹¬ O =`Ç ž ~Œ ã ‰ × = °`Ë <Í # ° `Ç † Ç ¶ ~¡ ° KÍ ‹ ² # e‹¬ ° “ ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°O`Ë U "ŒH›¼O…Õ L#ß U HêOa<Í+¬<£x J~ò<Œ Q®°~¡°ë„¬@“ Q®ey# ª=°~¡œ¼O a‹¬°ëOk. Hêh J‹¬° ‹¬=°‹¬¼ WH›ø_Í "³ò^Î=ô`Ç°Ok. XH› "ŒH›¼O…Õx HêOa<Í+¬<£x Q®°~¡°ë„¬@“_ÈO =~¡öH J~ò`Í Ì„^Îí ‹¬=°‹¬¼ Hê^ΰ. Hêh Q®°iëOz# P HêOa<Í+¬<£ †³òH›ø J~Œœxß `³°‹¬°HË=_È"Í° J‹¬° ㄬ^¥#"³°Ø# ‹¬=°‹¬¼. "³ò`ÇëO ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ Zxß HêOa<Í+¬<£ž L<Œß†Ç°x K³‡æ#°. 125 HêOa<Í+¬<£ž =¶ã`Ç"Í° L<Œß~ò. J~ò`Í g\÷…ÕÁ XH›^¥x Q®°iOz q°=°àeß ã„¬tßOKǃÕ`Ç°<Œß#°. nx=Á z#ß„¬æ\÷ #°Op g°~¡° KÍ‹¬°ë#ß ‡Ú~¡‡>èq°\Õ g°H÷„¬C_È° `³°‹¬°ëOk. J‹¬° HêOa<Í+¬<£ Uq°\÷? Wq Z…ì LO\ì~ò? D ㄬ‰×ß䛽 ‹¬=¶^¥<Œ° 䛀_¨ g°ä›½ H÷Á†Ç°~ŸQê `³°ªë~ò. 125 HêOa<Í+¬<£ž…Õ XH›>ÿØ# is Q®°iOz q°=°àeß ã„¬tßOKǃÕ`Ç°<Œß#°. g°~¡° <Œä›½ `³e†Ç°*è†Ç°ƒÕ`Ç°<Œß~¡°. is JO>è Uq°\Õ g°ä›½ `³°ª? is JO>è Wk be form L#ßk, L<Œß_È° Jx J~¡œO. Wk g° JO^ÎiH© `³e‹²# q+¬†Ç°"Í°. z#ß„¬æ\÷ #°Oz Z<Ëߪ~¡°Á <Í~¡°ó䛽#ß q+¬†Ç°"Í°. z#ß„¬æ\÷ #°Oz W„¬æ\÷ =~¡ä›½ =°#O is L#ß "ŒHê¼#° Hùxß "ͪ~¡°Á H›ˆ×¤`Ë KǶ‹¬°O\ì=ò. Hùxß "ͪ~¡°Á K³=ô`Ë q#°O\ì=ò. Hùxß "ͪ~¡°Á D <Ë\÷`Ë =¶\ìÁ_È°O\ì=ò. Wxß "ͪ~¡°Á „¬iKdžǰO J~ò# is `Ë L#ß "ŒHê¼#° =°~ùH›øªi Q®°~¡°ëKÍ‹¬°Hùx <ŒH÷H›ø_È `³e†Ç°*è†Ç°O_. g°ä›½ XH› J^ΰÄ`Ç"³°Ø# ~¡‚¬ìª¼xß `³e†Ç°*èªë#°. "ŒH›¼O Z…ìïQá<Œ LO_Èh <ŒH›#=‹¬~¡O. P "ŒH›¼O`Ë is J#ß ï~O_È° JH›Æ~Œ° L<Œß†Ç¶ …è^¥ J#ß^Í <ŒHêø"Œe. =°i is `Ë "ŒHê¼° <Œä›½ K³„¬æO_. He is a boy. What is your name? She is working, is he sleeping? is `Ë =KÍó "ŒHê¼° W"Í<Œ WOHê L<Œß†Ç¶? JO>è Z#°ß<Œß†³¶ K³„¬æQ®~Œ? UO ZO^ΰH›x K³„¬æ…è~¡°? K³„¬æ_¨xH÷ g°„¬_È^¥? is `Ë =KÍó "ŒHê¼° D ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ "³ò`ÇëO Z#°ß<Œß†³¶ K³„¬æ=°O>è Z…ì K³„¬æQ®O. WO‡l|°…˜. W^ùH› „²zó ㄬ‰×ß.... KŒ…ì L<Œß†Ç°x K³„¬æQ®O Hêh Z#°ß<Œß†³¶ Number K³„¬æ=°O>è Z…ì K³„¬æQ®O. W^Í H›^¥ g° ‹¬=¶^¥#O...... J~ò`Í <Í#° K³‡ë#° q#O_. is x ㄬ†³¶yOz K³À„æ "ŒHê¼° ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ 5 =¶ã`Ç"Í° L<Œß~ò. #=°àQ®~Œ? g°ä›½ `³°ª? J‹¬° is H÷ J~¡œO …è^ΰ... Jk =°#䛽 ZO^ΰ䛀 „¬xH÷~Œ^ΰ. "ŒHê¼…Õ is x ㄬ†³¶yOKŒb JO>è ^¥xx =°#O XO@iQê ㄬ†³¶yOKÇ…è=ò. ^¥x ㄬH›ø# =°iHùxß „¬^¥° JuH÷Oz XH› HêOa<Í+¬<£Qê =¶ã`Ç"Í° nxß ã„¬†³¶yOKŒe. JO`ÍQêh nxH÷ XO@i ㄬ†³¶Q®O D ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ …è^ΰ. XO@iQê Wk =°#䛽 ZO^ΰ䛽 „¬xH÷~Œ^ΰ. WOHùH› q+¬†Ç°O `³°ª g°ä›½.... XO@i is H÷ J~¡œ"Í° …è^ΰ. is combination H÷ =¶ã`Ç"Í° J~¡œ=òO@°Ok. is `Ë L#ß ãH÷Ok 5 "ŒHê¼#° Q®=°xOKÇO_. GSS Spoken English He is going to Hyderabad. He is killed by a tiger. He is with her. He is being in Delhi. He is being punished by his Mother. "³ò^Î\÷ "ŒH›¼O…Õ is ㄬH›ø# U=òOk? is ㄬH›ø# going J#ß „¬^ÎO H›x„²ªéëOk. nxx ing form Jx „²°ªë=ò. WOwÁ+¹…Õ W…ìO\÷ WOQ· ‡¦"£°° ^¥^¥„¬ô 2 H›Æ°<Œß~ò. W=hß is ㄬH›ø# JuH÷OKÇ_ÈO XH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O. JO^ΰ=Á ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ „¬ô‹¬ëHê…Õx "ŒHê¼…Õ is ZH›ø_È H›x„²Oz<Œ ^¥x ㄬH›ø# ing form L#ß„¬C_È° ^¥xx is ㄬH›ø# ing form J#ß ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKÇO_. D q^ÎOQê is ㄬH›ø# ing form JuH÷À‹ë .....J^ùH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O... ^¥xHùH› J~¡œO. "ŒHê¼…Õ D ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO Ì„^Îí ‹¬=°‹¬¼ Hê^ΰ. ï~O_È= "ŒH›¼O…Õ is ㄬH›ø# U=òOk? is ㄬH›ø# killed J#ß „¬^ÎO H›x„²ªéëOk. nxx p.p. form Jx „²°ªë=ò. WOwÁ+¹…Õ W…ìO\÷ p.p. form ° ^¥^¥„¬ô 2 H›Æ°<Œß~ò. W=hß is ㄬH›ø# JuH÷OKÇ_ÈO XH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O. JO^ΰ=Á ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ „¬ô‹¬ëHê…Õx "ŒHê¼…Õ is ZH›ø_È H›x„²Oz<Œ ^¥x ㄬH›ø# p.p. form L#ß„¬C_È° ^¥xx is ㄬH›ø# p.p. form J#ß ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKÇO_. D q^ÎOQê is ㄬH›ø# p.p. form JuH÷À‹ë... J^ùH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O... ^¥xHùH› J~¡œO. "ŒHê¼…Õ D ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO Ì„^Îí ‹¬=°‹¬¼ Hê^ΰ. J~ò`Í D p.p. form q+¬†Ç°O…Õ XH› z#ß "³°eH› LOk. z=~¡ ed J#ß ï~O_È° JH›Æ~Œ°#ß ã„¬u „¬^ÎO p.p. form Jx „²°ªë=ò. J~ò`Í z=~¡ ed ° …è#@°=O\÷ Hùxß „¬^¥#° 䛀_¨ p.p. form Jx „²°ªë=ò. Jq öH=O 161 =¶ã`Ç"Í° L<Œß~ò. nx Q®°iOz `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç ‡~”Œ…Õ q„¬ôOQê <Í~¡°ó䛽O\ì~¡°. W„¬C_È=‹¬~¡O …è^ΰ. öH=O is ㄬH›ø# ed ~¡¶„¬O H›x„²Oz#„¬C_È° J^ùH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKÇO_ KŒ°. ZO^ΰH›O>è =°#O W„¬C_È° <Í~¡°ó䛽O@°#ßk is J#ß „¬^¥xß U ~¡¶„¬O`Ë Z…ì ㄬ†³¶yªë~Ë J#ßk =¶ã`Ç"Í°. =ü_È= "ŒH›¼O…Õ is ㄬH›ø# U=òOk? with J#ß „¬^ÎO H›x„²ªéëOk. WH›ø_ùH› qzã`Ç"³°Ø# q+¬†Ç°O Uq°@O>è nx#‹¬° U ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKŒe? Wk ##°ß KŒ…ì ~ËA‡@° "ÍkOz#k. ZO^ΰH›O>è is =zó#„¬C_È…ìÁ ㄬH›ø# with J#ß „¬^Î"Í° L#ß@Á~ò`Í ^¥xx is ㄬH›ø# with J#ß ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKÇ=KÇ°ó. XH›ªi ãH÷Ok "ŒHê¼#° KǶ_ÈO_. He is with her He is a boy He is the Doctor He is to go. Ì„á "ŒHê¼…Õ is ㄬH›ø# XH›ªö~"³¶ with J#ß„¬^ÎO =°~˪ö~"³¶ a J#ß JH›Æ~¡O. WOHùH›ªi the J#ß „¬^ÎO. `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç`ËH›ªö~"³¶ to J#ß „¬^ÎO H›x„²‹¬°ë<Œß~ò. =°i Ì„á "ŒHê¼…Õx is x U ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKŒe? Wk ##°ß KŒ…ì fã=OQê P…ÕzOKÍ@@°Á KÍ‹²Ok. U"³°Ø<Œ ‹¬ö~ Ì„á "ŒHê¼…Õ L#ß is ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß Q®°iëOKŒe. ‹¬°xt`Ç „¬ij#`Ë XH› qzã`Ç"³°Ø# P…ÕKÇ# <Œ =°#‹¬°…ÕH÷ ㄬ"ÍtOKÇ_ÈO "³O@<Í Ì„á "ŒHê¼…Õx is ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO [iy‡é~òOk. qzã`Ç"³°Ø# P…ÕKÇ#`Ë D ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß Q®°iëOz# `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç <Œä›½ q„¬s`Ç"³°Ø# #=ôÞ `³„²æOzOk. J~ò`Í D ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O XH› J^ΰÄ`Ç"³°Ø# ~¡‚¬ìª¼xß KÍkOKÇQ®°Q®°`Ç°Ok Jx <ŒH›„¬C_È° `³e†Ç°^ΰ. nx Q®°iOz `Ç~ŒÞ`Ç `³°‹¬°ä›½O\ì~¡°. GSS Spoken English WO`ÇH© Ì„á "ŒHê¼…Õx is ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß g°H÷OHê K³„¬æ…è^ΰ H›^ζ! UO …è^ÎO_. "ŒHê¼…Õ is JO@¶ H›x„²À‹ë "³ò^Î\÷ ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O ㄬHê~¡OQê ^¥x ㄬH›ø# ing form LO_¨e. …èH›‡é`Í ï~O_ù= ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O ㄬHê~¡OQê ed JO>è p.p. form LO_¨e. =°i Ì„á "ŒHê¼…Õ <Œä›½ is ㄬH›ø# ing form Qêh, p.p. form Qêh …èH›‡é=_ÈO =Á ^¥xx is ㄬH›ø# ing, ed …èx ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKùKÇ°ó H›^¥! Jx <Œ =°#‹¬°ä›½ `ËzOk. D q^ÎOQê ing, ed …èx D ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xH÷ without Form (x) Jx XH› À„~¡° Ì„\ì“#°. JO^ΰ=Á "ŒHê¼…Õ Z„¬C_³á<Œ ZH›ø_³á<Œ is H›x„²Oz ^¥x ㄬH›ø# ing form Qêh p.p. form Qêh …è#„¬C_È° ^¥xx is ㄬH›ø# without Form (x) Qê Q®°iëOKÇO_. <Œ¾= "ŒH›¼O…Õ is ㄬH›ø# U=òOk? Being J#ß „¬^ÎO H›x„²ªéëOk. J~ò`Í Wk KǶ_È\ìxH÷ ing form …ì Jx„²Oz<Œ ing form =¶ã`ÇO Hê^ΰ. Wk öH=O XH› „¬^ÎO =¶ã`Ç"Í°. nxx is ㄬH›ø# JuH÷OKÇ_ÈO XH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O. JO^ΰ=Á ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ „¬ô‹¬ëHê…Õx "ŒHê¼…Õ is ZH›ø_È H›x„²Oz<Œ ^¥x ㄬH›ø# being L#ß„¬C_È° ^¥xx is ㄬH›ø# being J#ß ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°OQê Q®°iëOKÇO_. D q^ÎOQê is ㄬH›ø# being J#ß „¬^ÎO JuH÷À‹ë ... J^ùH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O. ... ^¥xHùH› J~¡œO. "ŒHê¼…Õ D ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO Ì„^Îí ‹¬=°‹¬¼ Hê^ΰ. S^Î= "ŒH›¼O…Õ is ㄬH›ø# U=òOk? being J#ß „¬^ÎO =°~¡…ì ^¥x ㄬH›ø# ed „¬^ÎO JO>è p.p. form 䛀_¨ H›x„²ªéëOk. g\÷x is ㄬH›ø# JuH÷OKÇ_ÈO XH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O. JO^ΰ=Á ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ „¬ô‹¬ëHê…Õx "ŒHê¼…Õ is ZH›ø_È H›x„²Oz<Œ ^¥x ㄬH›ø# being p.p. form JuH÷À‹ë ... J^ùH› ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O... ^¥xHùH› J~¡œO. "ŒHê¼…Õ D ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO Ì„^Îí ‹¬=°‹¬¼ Hê^ΰ. KǶ‰§~Œ! is H÷ Ì„á 5 ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° `Ç„¬æ ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ =°~ùH›\÷ …è^ΰ. LO_È^ΰ. D ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ <Í<³á<Œ, g°ï~á<Œ, WOwÁ+¹ „²`Œ=°‚¬•…ÿá<Œ Z=Þï~á<Œ ‹¬ö~ is J#ß „¬^¥xß ã„¬†³¶yOz "ŒHê¼#° `džǶ~¡° K͆Ƕe. JO>è ㄬH›ø# ing form JuH÷OKŒe. …èH›‡é`Í ed ~¡¶„¬O JO>è p.p. form x JuH÷OKŒe. …èH›‡é`Í ing p.p. …èx ~¡¶„¬O JO>è without form(x) Qê LO_¨e. …èH›‡é`Í being J#ß „¬^Î"³°Ø<Œ JuH÷OKŒe. …è^¥ being p.p. form <³á<Œ JuH÷OKŒež LO@°Ok. JO`Í `Ç„¬æ =°ö~ ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O<³á<Œ is x ㄬ†³¶yÀ‹ë Jk broken English J=ô`Ç°Ok. =°i is H÷ S^Í "ŒHê¼°<Œß†Ç°x W„¬C_È° X„¬C䛽O\ì~Œ? g° ~ò+¬“O ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ is `Ë L#ß U "ŒHê¼xß J~ò<Œ Zxß H›Æ "ŒHê¼ß~ò<Œ f‹¬°HËO_. "Œ\÷…ÕÁ is ㄬH›ø# Ì„á S^ΰ ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° `Ç„¬æ =°ö~n H›x„²OKÇ^ΰ. XH›"Íˆ× J…ì H›x„²À‹ë Jk broken English `Ç„¬æ "Íö~k Hê^Îx W„¬C_Í K³„¬C䛽<Œß=ò. "ŒHê¼…Õ is XH›ø>è Hê^ΰ ^¥x ㄬH›ø# =ô#ß combination 䛀_¨ =òY¼=°x W„¬C_È~¡œ"³°ØO^¥. JO^ΰ=Á is J#ß „¬^¥xH÷ J~¡œO LO_È^ΰ. is combination H÷ J~¡œO LO@°Ok Jx `³°‹¬°ä›½<Œß#°. JO`ÍHê䛽O_¨ ^¥x ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° S^ΰ =¶ã`Ç"Í° L<Œß†Ç°x <Œä›½ `³e†Ç°_ÈO =Á ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ is J#ß „¬^ÎO ZH›ø_È H›x„²Oz<Œ is J#ß „¬^ÎO XH›ø>è Hê䛽O_¨ ^¥x „¬îië ~¡¶„¬O <Œ H›ˆ×¤ä›½ H›x„²OKÇ_ÈO H›x„²OzOk. z#ß„¬æ\÷ #°Op g°~¡° KÍ‹¬°ë#ß ‡Ú~¡‡@° Uq°\Õ W„¬æ\÷ïHá<Œ g°ä›½ ƒìQê J~¡œ"³°Ø LO_¨e. ZO^ΰH›O>è is J#Qê<Í =°#䛽 be form L#ßk, L<Œß_È°ÑÑ Jx =¶ã`Ç"Í° W„¬æ\÷ =~¡ä›€ Q®°~¡°ëHùªéëOk. WH›#°OK³á<Œ is †³òH›ø „¬îië ~¡¶‡xß Q®°iëOz P „¬îië ~¡¶‡xH÷ J~¡œO `³°‹¬°HË=_¨xH÷ ㄬ†Ç°ußÀ‹ë `Ç„¬æ D WOwÁ+¹ <Í~¡°óHË=_ÈO…Õ q[†Ç°O ªkOKÇ…è=ò. z#ß„¬æ\÷ #°Oz =°#O KÍ‹¬°ë#ß D ‡Ú~¡‡@° XH›ø is q+¬†Ç°O…Õ<Í Hê^ΰ q°ye# 23 „¬^¥° J~ò# am, are, was, were, do, does, did, have, has, had, must, need, dare, used, ought, can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might q+¬†Ç°O…Õ ä›€_¨ KÍ‹¬°ë<Œß=ò. WOHùH› L^¥‚¬ì~¡} can f‹¬°ä›½O^¥=ò.. GSS Spoken English J#Qê<Í =°#䛽 Q®Q® J#ß ‰×|íO =¶ã`Ç"Í° Q®°~¡°ë䛽 =‹¬°ëOk. Hêh can †³òH›ø „¬îië ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° =°#䛽 `³e†Ç°=ô. D ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ can ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° 8 =¶ã`Ç"Í° L<Œß~ò. XH›ø can öH Hê^ΰ. q°ye# „¬^¥xßO\÷H© W^Í q^ÎOQê ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° U~¡æ_ L<Œß~ò. JO^ΰ=Á XH› „¬îië ªOㄬ^¥†Ç°O…Õ "³ò^Î\÷ „¬^ÎO =¶ã`Ç"Í° Q®°iëOz ㄬH›ø# LO_Í HêOa<Í+¬<£x q‹¬àiOKÇ_ÈO W„¬æ\÷ =~¡ä›€ KÍ‹²# ‡Ú~¡‡@°. „¬îië ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO =Á H›eöQ ㄬ†³¶[#O Uq°@O>è, L^¥‚¬ì~¡}䛽 is x f‹¬°HËO_. is ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° „¬îiëQê S^ΰ =¶ã`Ç"Í°#x =°#䛽 `³°‹¬°. JO^ΰ=Á ㄬ„¬OKÇO…Õ is ZH›ø_È H›x„²Oz<Œ, H›x„²Oz# "³O@<Í =°#䛽 ^¥x S^ΰ ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶° =¶ã`Ç"Í° =°# =°#‹¬°…Õ "³°^Î…ì_È°`Œ~ò. J„¬C_È° P „¬îië ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xH÷ J~¡œO `³°‹¬°HËQ®ey`Í ã„¬†³¶[#O LO@°Ok. Hêh, öH=O "³ò^Î\÷ „¬^¥xß =¶ã`Ç"Í° `³°‹¬°Hùx Q®°iëOKÇ_ÈO =Á WOHùH› 50 ‹¬O=`Çž~Œ° x~¡O`Ç~¡OQê ã‰×q°Oz<Œ D WOwÁ+¹ ƒì+¬ =°# =òO^ΰ `Ç=OKÇ<Í =OKÇ^ΰ. JO^ΰ=…èÁ could JO>è can H÷ past Jx `³°‹¬°HË=_ÈO ㄬ^¥#O Hê^ΰ. ZO^ΰ䛀 „¬xH÷~Œ^ΰ. Could ㄬH›ø# LO_Í HêOa<Í+¬<£x Q®°iëOz ^¥x „¬îië ªOㄬ^¥†Ç¶xß `³°‹¬°Hùx J„¬C_È~¡œO KÍ‹¬°HË=_ÈO ㄬ^¥#O. W…ì K͆ǰH›‡é=_È"Í° ㄬu q^¥¼iœ KÍ‹¬°ë#ß ‡Ú~¡‡@°. z=~¡Qê XH›ø =¶@…Õ K³‡æO>è, =°#O =°# =¶`Ç$ƒì+¬x ZO`Ç ‹¬°ƒ’OQê, ‹¬æ+¬“OQê =¶\ìÁ_ÈQ®°Q®°`Ç°<Œß"³¶ JO`Í ‹¬æ+¬“OQê WOwÁ+¹ ƒì+¬x 䛀_¨ =¶\ìÁ_ÈQ®eöQ@°“ K͆Ƕ#ß^Í <Œ =òY¼ L^Íí‰×O. can GSS Spoken English BOOK-I SPOKEN ENGLISH ALL IN ONE Wk complete English <ÍiæOKÍ „¬ô‹¬ëH›O. WO^ΰ…Õ complete spoken english part LO@°Ok. D HË~¡°ž…Õ D „¬ô‹¬ëH›"Í° =òY¼"³°Ø#k. WO^ΰ…Õ ã„¬„¬OKÇ ƒì+¬ WOwÁ+¹…Õ <Í#° `džǶ~¡° KÍ‹²# 24 „¬^¥`Ë ä›€_# 125 combinations LO\ì~ò. 125 combinations `Ë ‡@°Qê XH› "ŒH›¼ x~Œà}ìxH÷ Hê=‹²# supporting words LO\ì~ò. 125 combinations …Õx XHËø combinations †³òH›ø „¬îië q=~¡} L^¥‚¬ì~¡}`Ë LO@°Ok. WOHê... Hùxß =òY¼"³°Ø# "ŒH›¼ x~Œà}ì° ..... 1) Subject 2) 24 words 125 Combinations 3) Make Forms 4) Get Forms 5) Gerund 6) Connectors 7) to-infinity 8) Let forms 9) - WOHùH›i`Ë KÍ~òOKÍ „¬#°° K³„¬æ_ÈO. - "ŒHê¼#° H›eÀ„k. If you ask - 10) If i were you - 11) If you had - 12) Would + present form - 13) Had+PPF - 14) He was said to - 15) As and where - 16) As and when - 17) Could not but - 18) That - 19) As soon as - 20) Not only but also - 21) Neither... nor - #°=ôÞ J_y`Í... #°=ôÞ <Í<³á`Í #°=ôÞ KÍ‹² LO>è Jx ... Jx ... Jx K³‡æ~¡°. ZH›ø_È „¬_`Í JH›ø_È. Z„¬C_È° „¬_`Í J„¬C_È°. K͆ǰH› `Ç„¬æ…è^ΰ. Jx Qê<Í Wk =°i†Çò Jk Uk Hê^ΰ GSS Spoken English 22) Not so... as - 23) Though/Although/Eventhough - 24) Either... or - 25) To be + PPF - J#°ä›½<ÍO`Ç. J~ò#„¬æ\÷H÷. Wk …èH› Jk. =‹²#. `Ë z#ß "ŒHê¼°. 27) Ing `Ë z#ß "ŒHê¼° 28) Past participle `Ë z#ß "ŒHê¼° 29) XH› z#ß "ŒH›¼O ï~O_È° „¬#°°. 30) "ŒH›¼O "³ò^Î\ÕÁ Adverbs 125 Combinations `Ë =KÍó Jxß ~¡Hê "ŒHê¼° =°i†Çò KŒ…ì J~¡°^ΰQê =¶\ìÁ_Í "ŒHê¼°, =°i†Çò Ju 31) =òY¼"³°Ø# "ŒH›¼ x~Œà}ì°, ãQ®O^¥…Õ, Newspapers …Õ `Ç~¡°KÇ°Qê, J~¡°^ΰQê L„¬†³¶yOKÍ "³ò^ÎQ®° "ŒHê¼#° Special Constructions J<Í ‡~”¡O…Õ LO\ì~ò. 26) Present verb z#ß z#ß „¬^¥#° H›°„¬ô`Ƕ z#ß z#ß "ŒHê¼#° XöH Ì„^Îí "ŒH›¼OQê =¶~¡ó_¨xH÷ L„¬†³¶yOKÍ ''44ÑÑ Special words `Ë Spoken Structures J<Í ‡~”¡O W=Þ|_Ok. 32) 1) As 2) So 3) So that 4) Not that 5) Yet 6) Still 7) Before 8) After 9) Therefore 10) else and or else 11) otherwise 12) and so 13) and then 14) too...to 15) the...then 16) Then and there 17) since 18) even 19) than 20) because 21) and 22) but 23) but yet 24) les 25) unless 26) anywhere 27) whenever 28) whatever 29) however 30) as it 31) such as 32) whereas 33) as.. as 34) so .. as 35) as though 36) As soon as 37) when 38) what 39) where 40) which 41) who 42) why 43) would + rather+ V1 44) would be + noun GSS Spoken English BOOK-II SPOKEN ENGLISH ALL IN ONE =°# "³ò^Î\÷ „¬ô‹¬ëH›O…Õ complete spoken English <Í~¡°ó䛽O\ì~¡°. =°Oz perfect =¶\ìÁ_È\ìxH÷ öH=O "ŒHê¼° `džǶ~¡° K͆ǰ_ÈO `³eÀ‹ë ‹¬i‡é^ΰ. =°#䛽 Jxß ~¡Hê J~Œœ° `³e†Ç¶e. JO^ΰx D Book-II …Õ L^ΆǰO xã^Î…èz#„¬æ\÷ #°Oz ~Œãu „¬_Ȱ䛽<Í =~¡ä›½ =°#O KǶÀ‹, q<Í ã„¬u =‹¬°ë=ô䛽 J~Œœ° W=Þ_ÈO [iyOk. =°#O x`Ǽ rq`ÇO…Õ L„¬†³¶yOKÍ ã„¬u ^¥xH÷ XH›ø_È g°ä›½ J~¡œO ^ùiöH `džǶ~¡° K͉§=ò. Wk g°ä›½ perfect Qê `Ç_È|_È䛽O_¨ English =¶\ìÁ_È\ìxH÷ ‹¬‚¬ð†Ç°„¬_È°`Ç°Ok. WO^ΰ…Õ... 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) Nouns Pronouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs Conjuctions Prepositions Articles Short forms Small words Polite Requests Question words Exclamatory words Advanced Vocabulary Phrasal verbs - =òY¼"³°Ø# À„~¡°Á ‹¬~¡Þ<Œ=¶° ^¥^¥„¬ôQê 4000 Ì„áQê LO_Í Vocabulary Jxß =òY¼"³°Ø# Adjectives W=Þ|_¨Û~ò. 2000 Adverbs LO\ì~ò. "³ò`ÇëO 52 conjuctions LO\ì~ò. "³ò`ÇëO 109 Prepositions LO\ì~ò. - ‡Ú\÷“ „¬^¥° T`Ç „¬^¥° =°~Œ¼^΄¬î~¡ÞH›OQê J_ÈQ®_ÈO. ㄬ‰§ß~¡œH› „¬^¥° P‰×ó~Œ¼~¡œH› „¬^¥°. 2000 Ì„áQê H›+¬“OQê Jx„²OKÍ Vocabulary Newspaper KÇ^Î=_¨xH÷ L„¬†³¶Q®„¬_Í 2000Ì„áQê L#ß Newspaper Vocabulary 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) Antonyms Synonyms Idioms Degrees of comparison - =¼uö~H› „¬^¥° ‹¬=¶# J~Œœ° *ìf†Ç°=ò° - Hê=ò#䛽 ‹¬O|OkOz# „¬^¥° k䛽ø° `³°Q®° ª"³°`Ç° Time Directions GSS Spoken English 23) 24) 25) 26) 27) 28) 29) 30) 31) 32) 33) 34) 35) Weeks Places Nature Trees Plant's parts Flowers Fruits Vegetables Grain & Pulses Provisions English in Kitchen Human Body Diseases - "Œ~¡=ò° "Œ\÷ À„~¡°Á ‹¬Ö=ò° ㄬH›$u ‹¬O|O^Î"³°Ø# „¬^¥°. K³@°Á, "Œ\÷ ‹¬O|O^Î „¬^¥° "³òH›ø ^¥x ƒìQ®=ò° „¬ô+¬æ=ò° „¬O_È°Á 䛀~¡Qê†Ç°° ^¥#¼=ò° Ð „¬„¬C k#°‹¬°°. H÷~Œ}‹¬~¡°ä›½° =O\÷O\ÕÁ WOwÁ+¬µ =¶#= ‰×s~¡=ò "Œ¼^ΰ° - „¬ä›Æ½° ƒ’¶KÇ~¡ [O`Ç°=ô° [KÇ~¡ [O`Ç°=ô° Jæ ã‡}°° ‹¬=ü‚¬ì=ò À„~¡°Á Q®$‚¬ìÙ„¬H›~¡}=ò° ~Œ‰×ð =$`Ç°ë° =°`Ç„¬~¡"³°Ø# ^³á= ‹¬O|Ok`Ç =¶@° Q®°}÷O`Œ° „¬x=ò@°Á Ê L„¬H›~¡}=ò° |O^ΰ`ÇÞ=ò° ‰§ã‹¬ë=ò° "Œ\÷ À„~¡°Á Pƒ’~¡}=ò° ~¡`Çß=ò° ^ΰ‹¬°ë° ~¡OQ®°° ªOöHuH›=ò "Œ\÷ „¬îië J~¡œ=ò. ^³á= ‹¬O|O^Î"³°Ø# ƒ’H÷ë `Çk`Ç~¡ q+¬†Ç°=ò° Q®°~¡°ë°, L„¬†³¶yOKÍ ‹¬O^Î~ŒÄ°. WOwÁ+¬µ…Õ =°#O ª^¥~¡}OQê KÍÀ‹ `Ç„¬C°. 36) „¬OKÍãk†Ç¶°, "Œ\÷ „¬#°°. 37) 38) 39) 40) 41) 42) 43) 44) 45) 46) 47) 48) 49) 50) 51) 52) 53) 54) 55) 56) 57) Birds Land Animals Water creatures Small creatures Group Names Furniture Zodiac & sign Occupations & Professions Spiritual Words Fractions & Multiples Tools & Implements Relationship Names of Sciences Ornaments Gems Garments Colours Abbreviations Virtue Punctuations marks Common Errors in English GSS Spoken English SPOKEN ENGLISH WITH INTERESTING ENGLISH TALES "³ò^Î\÷ ï~O_È° „¬ô‹¬ëHê…Õ complete spoken English =°i†Çò Jxß ~¡Hê J~¡œ=ò° <Í~¡°ó䛽<Œß~¡°. Wk ã‡H÷“‹¹ „¬ô‹¬ëH›O…ì LO@°Ok. WO^ΰ…Õ qq^Î ~¡Hê ‹¬~¡^¥ ‹¬~¡^¥ H›^ŠÎ° W=Þ|_¨Û~ò. "³ò`ÇëO 338 H›^ŠÎ° W=Þ|_¨Û~ò. D 338 H›^ŠÎ ^¥Þ~Œ Hùxß "Í ‹¬O^Î~ŒÄ#° <Í~¡°óHË=KÇ°ó. =°# "³ò^Î\÷ ï~O_È° „¬ô‹¬ëHê…Õ <Í~¡°ó䛽#ß "Œ\÷x ã‡H©“‹¬° K͆ǰ_¨xH÷ L„¬†³¶Q®„¬_Í „¬ô‹¬ëH›O. g°~¡° "³ò^Î\÷ „¬ô‹¬ëH›O…Õ <Í~¡°ó䛽#ß 125 combinations ZH›ø_È Z…ì "Œ_È|_È°`Ç°<Œß"³¶ D H›^ŠÎ „¬ô‹¬ëH›O ^¥Þ~Œ `³°‹¬°HË=KÇ°ó. Wq ~ËA KÇ^ΰ=ô`Ƕ ã‡H©“‹¬° K͆ǰ_ÈO =Á g°ä›½ `³e†Ç°ä›½O_¨<Í g°~¡° Hùxß "Í =¶\ìÁ_Í ‹¬O^Î~ŒÄ#° <Í~¡°ó䛽O\ì~¡°. =°i†Çò 125 combinations L„¬†³¶yOKÇ_ÈO J"Œ@°Qê =¶i‡é`Ç°Ok. g°~¡° XH› Perfect English Speaker Qê =¶i‡é`Œ~¡°. H›#°H› H›^ŠÎ „¬ô‹¬ëH›"Í° H›^¥ Jx ㄬH›ø# Ì„@“䛽O_¨ ã‡H©“‹¬° „¬ô‹¬ëH›O…ì L„¬†³¶yOKÇ°Hùx „¬i„¬î~¡â"³°Ø# ƒì+¬ <Í~¡°óHËO_. JKÇóO g° =¶`Ç$ƒì+¬ …ìQê `Ç_È|_È䛽O_¨ Z…ìO\÷ ‹¬O^Î~¡ÄO…Õ<³á<Œ =°Ozh~¡° ã`Œy#@°Á WOwÁ+¹ =¶\ìÁ_ÈO_. All The Best ! öH=O WOwÁ+¹ KÇ^Î=_ÈO, ã"Œ†Ç°_ÈO =zó# Z=iïHá<Œ ‹¬ö~ J=bQê H›O„ÔÁ\˜ WOwÁ+¹ <ÍiæOKÇQ®eöQ <Œ „¬i‰Õ^Î# „¦¬e`ÇO <Œ ^Í‰× q^¥¼~¡°œO^ÎiH© JOkOKŒ#ß^Í <Œ `Ç„¬#. Hê=ô# ㄬu `ÇeÁ, `ÇOã_, q^¥¼ ‹¬O‹¬Ö°, ‹¬ÞKÇóO^Î ‹¬O‹¬Ö°, JkHê~¡°° JO^Î~¡¶ ƒì^μ`Œ†Çò`ÇOQê ‹¬æOkOz <Í#° H›#°Qù#ß D ‡¦~¡°à…ìx JO^Î~¡¶ <Í~¡°óHËQ®eöQ J=Hꉧxß H›eæOz ^͉§ƒ’°¼^ΆǶxH÷, =°# ^Í‰× „¬ô~ËQ®uH÷ P@OH›OQê xez# WOwÁ+¹ ƒ’†Ç¶xß =°# ƒì~¡`Ç^͉×O #°Oz `Çiq° Hù\ì“ežOkQê Jƒ’¼iœ‹¬¶ë... ªéæïH<£ WOwÁ+¹ KÇiã`Ç…Õ<Í XH› ‹¬O„¬î~¡â ªÖ~ò =¶~¡°æx ªkOz# D ~¡‚¬ìª¼xß JOkiH÷ JOkOKŒ#ß ‹¬OH›æO`Ë ‹¬Þ†Ç°OQê ~¡¶‡ÚOkOz# D <Œ z#ß ã„¬†Ç°`ŒßxH÷ g°~¡O^Î~¡¶ ‹¬‚¬ìH›iªë~¡x Pt‹¬¶ë... g° GSS
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