Size–Dependent Cell Uptake of Protein–Coated Graphene Oxide

Size–Dependent Cell Uptake of Protein–Coated
Graphene Oxide Nanosheets
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Qingxin Mu,† Gaoxing Su,†,‡ Liwen Li,†,‡ Ben O. Gilbertson,§ Lam H. Yu,§ Qiu Zhang,‡ Ya-Ping
Sun,║ and Bing Yan†,‡,*
†
Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital,
Memphis, Tennessee, 38105
‡
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China, 250100
§
Department of Physics, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, 38152
║
Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology Hunter Hall,
Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634-0973
*Corresponding author: To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: +9014952797.
Fax: +9014955715. E-mail: [email protected]
Table of Contents
1. Figure S1: Fluorescence spectra of FITC-BSA before and after adsorption by GO with 1:1
mass ratio.
2. Figure S2: Stability of PCGO indicated by UV-vis absorption measurement.
2. Figure S3: Cytotoxicity of PCGO evaluated by WST-1 assay.
3. Figure S4: TEM characterization of GNPs and GNP-labeled PCGO.
5. Figure S5: Stability of GNP-PCGO indicated by UV-vis absorption measuremet.
6. Figure S6: Comparison of quantification of cell uptake by ICP-MS and flow cytometry.
7. Figure S7: TEM image of a large piece of PCGO wrapping onto cellular pseudopodium.
2000
Before adsorption
After adsorption
Fluorescence Intensity
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
Wavelength (nm)
1. Figure S1: Fluorescence spectra of FITC-BSA before and after adsorption by GO with 1:1
mass ratio. Red line, FITC-BSA solution; Blue line, FITC-BSA and GO were mixed, incubated
and centrifuged. The supernatant was measured indicates that FITC-BSA was mostly removed
after GO adsorption. Dilution factor is same for both conditions.
2. Figure S2. Stability of PCGO indicated by UV-vis absorption measurement. PCGO in water
solution was incubated at 37°C water bath for 4, 8, 14, 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Samples
were then centrifuged at 16,000 g for 30 min and supernatants were used for UV-vis absorption
measurement (494 nm). Relative amount of FITC-BSA in PCGO was measured to indicate the
total amounts of protein in PCGO complex.
100
90
Cell Viability (%)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1
10
100
Concentration of GO-FITCBSA (µg/mL)
3. Figure S3: Cytotoxicity of PCGO evaluated by WST-1 assay (24 h incubation).
A.
B.
C.
4. Figure S4: Characterization of GNPs and GNP-labeled PCGO. A. TEM micrograph of 5 nm
GNPs; B. UV-vis absorption spectrum of GNPs; C. TEM micrograph of GNP-labeled PCGO.
5. Figure S5. Stability of GNP-PCGO indicated by UV-vis absorption measuremet. GNP-PCGO
in water solution was incubated at 37°C water bath for 1 and 2 hours, respectively. Samples were
then centrifuged at 16,000 g for 30 min and equal amount of supernatant was used for UV-vis
absorption measurement (518 nm). Relative amount of GNP in GNP-PCGO was measured to
indicate the total amounts of GNP in GNP-PCGO complex.
B.
120
Gold Amount (pg/cell)
Mean Fluorescence Intensity
A.
100
80
60
40
20
6
4
2
0
0
Medium PCGO1
PCGO2
Medium GNPs PCGO1 PCGO2
6. Figure S6: Comparison of quantification of cell uptake by ICP-MS and flow cytometry. A.
Quantification of cell uptake of PCGO1 and PCGO2 by flow cytometry; B. Quantification of cell
uptake by ICP-MS. Cells were incubated with PCGO or GNPs labeled PCGO for 1 h,
respectively.
7. Figure S7: TEM image of a large piece of PCGO wrapping onto cellular pseudopodium.

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