Table of Contents iii v vii ix xi Australian Centre for Geomechanics Committees Technical Reviewers Preface Sponsors Keynote addresses 3 23 Kidd Mine – dealing with the issues of deep and high stress mining – past, present, and future DB Counter, Glencore Canada Corp., Canada Has research and development contributed to improvements in safety and profitability of deep South African mines? RJ Durrheim, University of the Witwatersrand and CSIR, South Africa 41 The continuing challenge to provide adequate ventilation and a safe environment in deep mines SG Hardcastle, Natural Resources Canada, Minerals and Metals Sector, CanmetMINING, Canada Plenary session 57 Towards continuous bulk production from below 2.5 km D Morrison, H Parsons, A Akerman, Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation, Canada 65 Mitigation strategies for mining in high stress sill pillars at Coleman Mine – a case study 79 Practical applications of a rockburst database to ground support design at LaRonde Mine 93 107 123 139 151 165 S Townend, A Sampson-Forsythe, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada P Turcotte, Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd., Canada 4D data management and modelling in the assessment of deep underground mining hazard WJ McGaughey, Mira Geoscience Ltd., Canada Seismic risk and hazard management at Kidd Mine NV Disley, Glencore Canada Corp., Canada Observational studies of the rock mass response to mining in highly stressed gold mines in South Africa H Ogasawara, Ritsumeikan University, Japan; M Nakatani, The University of Tokyo, Japan; RJ Durrheim, CSIR and University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; M Naoi, Kyoto University, Japan; Y Yabe, H Moriya, Tohoku University, Japan; GF Hofmann, C Stander, DP Roberts, P de Bruin, J Oelofse, Anglogold Ashanti, South Africa; H Kato, 3D Geoscience, Japan; A Cichowicz, D Birch, D Ngobeni, Council for Geoscience, South Africa; A Milev, T Kgarume, CSIR, South Africa; T Satoh, Geological Survey, Japan; S Horiuchi, Home Seismo, Japan; H Kawakata, O Murakami, Ritsumeikan University, Japan; N Yoshimitsu, The University of Tokyo, Japan; AK Ward, J Wienand, P Lenegan, Sibanye Gold, South Africa; H Yilmaz, S Mngadi, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; PS Piper, TN Clements, Groundwork Consulting, South Africa; S Nakao, Kagoshima University, Japan; M Okubo, H Ishii, Tono Research Institute of Earthquake Science, Japan; AV Visser, Open House Management Solutions, South Africa Rock support testing in Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB’s underground mines, Sweden E Swedberg, F Thyni, J Töyrä, Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB, Sweden; A Eitzenberger, Luleå University of Technology, Sweden Analysis and numerical modelling of dynamic ground support based on instrumented full-scale tests A Roth, Geobrugg AG, Switzerland; M Cala, AGH University of Technology and Science, Poland; R Brändle, Geobrugg AG, Switzerland; E Rorem, Geobrugg North America, USA The influence of change in mining and ground support practice on the frequency and severity of rockbursts P Morissette, J Hadjigeorgiou, University of Toronto, Canada; AR Punkkinen, DR Chinnasane, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada Case studies 181 A comparison of shallow and deep mining T Anderson, KGHM International Ltd., Canada Deep Mining 2014, Sudbury, Canada xiii 189 209 Rock mechanics tools for mining in high stress ground conditions at Nickel Rim South Mine A Jalbout, B Simser, Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations, A Glencore Company, Canada From high stress to de-stressed – mining in changing conditions P Bergström, K Sahala, First Quantum Minerals Ltd., Finland; M Hakala, KMS Hakala Oy, Finland Ground support 227 241 253 263 271 281 Deformation-based support selection for tunnels in strainburst-prone ground PK Kaiser, Laurentian University, Canada The operational and laboratory aspects of a thin spray-on liner PK Boeg-Jensen, Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB, Sweden; G Swan, Rock Mechanics & Mine Design, Canada Load-deformation behaviour of a deformable rockbolt and accessories under dynamic loading FC Charette, Normet Canada Ltd., Canada; AJ Hyett, Yieldpoint Inc., Canada; B Voyzelle, T Anderson, Natural Resources Canada, Minerals and Metals Sector, CanmetMINING, Canada Development in deep, hard rock mines – beyond 10 m/day D Morrison, A Akerman, H Parsons, Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation, Canada Ultra rapid strength development in dry-mix shotcrete for ultra rapid support in challenging mining conditions J-D Lemay, M Jolin, Université Laval, Canada; R Gagné, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada Development of a rapid strength gain dry-mix shotcrete using calcium sulfo-aluminate cement for mining and tunnelling applications S Reny, N Ginouse, King Packaged Materials Company, Canada 291 305 Examples of ground support practice in challenging ground conditions at Vale’s deep operations in Sudbury M Yao, A Sampson-Forsythe, AR Punkkinen, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada Use of cable bolts to reinforce the hanging pillars and improve the ore recovery when stopes are mined using double top sills at Vale’s Copper Cliff Mine DR Chinnasane, M Knutson, A Watt, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada 315 329 Enlightening bolts AJ Hyett, YieldPoint Inc., Canada; FC Charette, Normet Canada Ltd., Canada; BJ Forbes, Queens University, Canada; AC Engbretson, YieldPoint Inc., Canada Economic and productivity comparison of ground support for rockburst prone and squeezing ground conditions L J Hayman, Coffey International Ltd, Australia Numerical modelling 345 363 377 395 409 421 xiv Empirical and numerical investigation on the behaviour of foliated rock masses under high stress conditions E Karampinos, J Hadjigeorgiou, University of Toronto, Canada; P Turcotte, M-M Drolet, F Mercier-Langevin, Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd., Canada Mine-scale numerical modelling, seismicity and stresses at Kiirunavaara Mine, Sweden J Vatcher, Luleå University of Technology, Sweden; SD McKinnon, Queen’s University, Canada; J Sjöberg, Itasca Consultants AB, Sweden Numerical modelling and scientific visualisation – integration of geomechanics into modern mine designs L Cotesta, CP O’Connor, RK Brummer, Itasca Consulting Canada Inc., Canada; AR Punkkinen, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada Stability investigations around a tunnel in an iron mine through 3D discontinuum and continuum stress analyses PHSW Kulatilake, X Wang, University of Arizona, USA; W Song, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China The effect of the presence of salt formations above extracted copper ore as determined by numerical modelling B Pałac-Walko, Wrocław University of Technology, Poland; W Pytel, KGHM CUPRUM CBR, Poland Use of 3DEC to study spalling and deformation associated with tunnelling at depth TV Garza-Cruz, M Pierce, Itasca Consulting Group, Inc., USA; PK Kaiser, Laurentian University, Canada Deep Mining 2014, Sudbury, Canada Monitoring 437 Wireless monitoring of geotechnical and hydrology instrumentation using the battery-powered MineHop network A Dulmage, M Trenwith, Mine Design Technologies Inc., Canada; A Cervinka, Newtrax Technologies Inc., Canada 443 Determining the feasibility of a real time geophysical magnetic and electric measurement system for monitoring strain underground – laboratory magnetic test C Schaub, R Smith, Laurentian University, Canada 457 Numerical study of grout–rock mass interaction effect on distributed optical fibre sensor measurements B Madjdabadi, University of Waterloo, Canada; B Valley, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; MB Dusseault, University of Waterloo, Canada; PK Kaiser, Laurentian University, Canada Planning and design issues 471 485 499 Assessment of stope sequence alternatives in a diminishing ore pillar S Shnorhokian, HS Mitri, McGill University, Canada; L Moreau-Verlaan, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada Towards mining schedule optimisation constrained by geomechanics N Saeidi, D Millar, L Fava, M Cai, MIRARCO, Laurentian University, Canada Translating new knowledge into practical and effective tools for geotechnical risk and database management in deep high stress mines DJ Duff, Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation, Canada 513 525 533 545 559 Strain rock energy approach to the optimisation of rock drilling processes HE Munoz, A Taheri, E Chanda, C Xu, The University of Adelaide, Australia; D Grant, BHP Billiton, Australia; L Franca, CSIRO/DET CRC, Australia Investigation of stope blast designs in a deep underground mine through vibration analysis B Mohanty, D Zwaan, L Trivino, University of Toronto, Canada Lightweight skips – factors influencing operational reliability S Gorzalczynski, Wabi Iron & Steel Corp., Canada Feasibility of Acti-Gel® as a cost-effective additive for underground mine hydraulic backfill applications K Tarr, I Bedard, Natural Resources Canada, Minerals and Metals Sector, CanmetMINING, Canada; F Malek, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada; H Kim, Active Minerals International LLC, Canada Effect of deep mine temperature conditions on the heat development in cemented paste backfill and its properties M Fall, University of Ottawa, Canada; D Wu, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, China; M Pokharel, University of Ottawa, Canada 575 Microgeneration of electricity using mine drainage – a proposal for deep mines JM Salamanca, JJN Merchán, DAB Castañeda, Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia, Colombia Rock mechanics 587 Geostatistical interpolation of estimated RQD values and its use in geomechanics design considerations – a case study AK Verma, M Yao, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada 601 615 Estimation of in situ stress using the memory technique for deep mining PM Dight, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, The University of Western Australia, Australia; BG Tarasov, Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems, The University of Western Australia, Australia; A Hsieh, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, The University of Western Australia, Australia; AV Dyskin, School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Australia The Sudbury Basin stress tensor – myth or reality? FT Suorineni, The University of New South Wales, Australia; F Malek, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada Seismicity 629 Strainburst hazard awareness for development miners RR Lyle, SJ Wrixon, A Price Jones, Cementation Canada Inc., Canada Deep Mining 2014, Sudbury, Canada xv 641 659 667 681 689 699 709 723 Shear rupture – two case studies from a deep mine RP Bewick, Golder Associates Ltd., Canada; PK Kaiser, Laurentian University, Canada; WF Bawden, University of Toronto, Canada The statistical presentation of seismicity for appreciating seismic hazard E Jones, D Beck, Beck Engineering Pty Ltd, Australia; E Villaescusa, Western Australian School of Mines, Curtin University/CRC Mining, Australia Simulation of mining-induced seismicity using the Salamon–Linkov method D Malovichko, G Basson, Institute of Mine Seismology, Australia 3D velocity model with complex geology and voids for microseismic location and mechanism DS Collins, Y Toya, I Pinnock, V Shumila, Z Hosseini, ESG Solutions, Canada The induced mechanism of pillar rockbursts in deep hard rock mines J Deng, Lakehead University, Canada Using clustering algorithms to assist short-term seismic hazard analysis in deep South African mines DB Rebuli, SJ Kohler, Institute of Mine Seismology, South Africa Analysis of microseismic cluster locations based on the evolution of mining-induced stresses S Shnorhokian, HS Mitri, McGill University, Canada; L Moreau-Verlaan, Vale Canada Ltd., Canada Wave propagation simulation in underground mines by SPECFEM2D X Wang, M Cai, Laurentian University, Canada Ventilation 741 757 771 783 793 801 Overcoming high temperature water ingress in deep shaft mining MT Swanson, Cementation USA, Inc., USA; TM Goodell, Rio Tinto, USA Liquid air for energy storage, auto-compression, compressed air and ventilation in deep mining DL Cluff, GA Kennedy, PJ Foster, University of Exeter, UK Radon progeny in Ontario’s non-uranium underground mines APE Dirige, Laurentian University, Canada Conciliating ventilation requirements and geomechanical requirements for deep mining D Thibodeau, J Jodouin, Stantec, Canada Pathway mapping of airflow delivery to the production areas in underground mine ventilation systems GG Li, SG Hardcastle, CNatural Resources Canada, Minerals and Metals Sector, CanmetMINING, Canada Theoretical determination of the number of adits and cross-sectional area for the airflow requirements of the New Level Mine Project EI Acuña, G Soto, Codelco Chile, Chile 813 825 xvi Considering ventilation on demand for the developments of the New Level Mine Project, El Teniente EI Acuña, A Feliú, Codelco, Chile Author Index Deep Mining 2014, Sudbury, Canada
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