Naghmeh Hosseini

Ph.D
sarasvat
i
Ai
Ar dv s r An hit
xva pai m
xvaini- star ta
xvaini- star t m
xva harxva ha
xva har m
xvanat. axr xvanat. axr m
fr -
xvar-
xvarafra har i
fra har ntu
fra uhar nti
xvar nahxvar na ha a
xvar n
xvar na he
xvar na has a
xvar na h
xv axv ahe
1.Bartholomae, c. (1961). Altranisches W?rter buch. Berlin.
2.Boyce, Mary. (1985). " B n Ya t", Encyclopaedia Iranica Vol. I. London
Routledge. pp. 60-61.
3. _______. (1985). "An hid", Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. I. London and Boston.
pp. 1002-1006.
4. _______. (1967). "B b
ahrb nu and the Lady of P rs", BSOAS 30. pp. 30-44.
5.Bruno, Jacobs. (2006). "Anahita", Iconography of Deities and Demons in The
Ancient Near East. (Electronic Pre-Publication), Leiden. Z rich.
6.Chaumont, M. L. (1985). "An h d, The Cult and Its Diffusion", Encyclopaedia
Iranica. Vol I. London and Boston. pp. 1006-7.
7. _______ . (1965). "Le culte de la déesse An hit dans la religion des monarques
d'Iran et d'Arménie au prem er siecle de notre ére." Journal Asiatique 253.
pp. 167-181.
8.Cumont, Franz. (1926). "Anahita", Hastings Encyclopaedia of Religion and
Ethics. Vol I. New York. pp. 414-415.
9. Darmesteter, J. (1880-1883). The Zend-Avesta. 1 and 2. Oxford.
10. _______. (1877). Ohrmazd et Ahriman. Paris
11.Dhabhar, E. (1909). Saddar nasr and Saddar Bundehesh. British India Press,
Byculla.
12.Dhalla, M. N. (1914). Zoroastrian Theology. New York.
13.Dumézil,G. (1952).Les Dieux Indo-Européens.Paris.
14.Durkheim, E. (1961). Les Formes élémentaires des la vie religeuse. Paris
15.Fulco, Williams. (1926). "Inanna- Ishtar", Hastings Encylopaedia of Religion
and Ethics. Vol III. Edinburg. pp. 145-6.
16.Geldner, K. F. (1889). Avesta the Sacred Books of the Parsis. Stuttgart.
17.Gershevitch, Ilya. (1967). The Avestan hymn to Mithra. With an Introduction,
Translation and Commentary. Cambridge.
18.Gnoli, G. (1988). "Babylonian Influences on Iran" , Encyclopaedia Iranica.Vol
III .London-NewYork. pp.334-6.
19._______. (1987). "An hit ", the Encyclopaedia of Religion. Ed. by Mircea
Eliade. New York. Macmillan Publishing Company. p. 249.
20.Gray, L.H. (1929). The Foundations of The Iranian Religion.Bombay.
21.Hertel, Johannes. (1927).Die Sonne und Mithra im Awesta.Leipzig.
22.Hintze, Almut. (2000). Lohn' im Indoiranischen, Eine Semantische Studie des
Rigveda and Avesta. Wiesbaden.
23.Humbach, H. (1991). The G th s of Zarathushtra, I-II, Karl Winer
Universit?tverlag, Heidelberg.
24.Insler, S. (1975). The Gathas of Zarathustra, Acta Iranica (8), Leiden, E. J. Brill.
25. Kellens, Jean. (2003). "Le problème avec An hit ", Orientalia Suecana. LI- LII,
Department of Asian and African language, Uppsala Unviersity, Uppsala,
pp. 317-326.
26. _______. (1999). "A i ou le grand départ". Journal Asiatique. 287. 2, Paris. pp.
457-464.
27. _______.(1984). Le Verbe Avestique.Wiesbaden.
28.Lommel, H. (1954). "Anahita-Sarasvati", Asiatica. Festschrift f?r Friedrich
Weller. Leipzig. p. 412.
29.Macdonell, A. A. (1977). Vedic Mythology. New York. Golden press.
30.Malandra,William.(1983).An Introduction to Ancient Iranian Religion.The
University of Minnesota.United States of America.
31.Meyer, Eduard. (1886). "Anaitis", Ausf?hrliches Lexikon der griechischen and
r?mischen Mytholgoie. Leipzig, WH Roscher. pp. 330-334.
32.Panaino,Antonio. (2000).The Mesopotamian Heritage of Achaemenian kingship.
Melammu Symposia.
33.Pirart, Eric. (2006). L' Aphrodite Iranienne. Etude de la déesse
rti, traduction
annotée et edition critique des texts avestiques la concernant, Paris.
34.Reichelt, Hans. (1968). Avesta Reader. Texts, Notes, Glossary and Index. Walter
De Gruyter & Co. Berlin.
35.Skjaervo, P. O. (1987). "Ard Ya t", Encyclopaedia iranica Vol. I. London. pp.
355-356.
36.Skjaervo, P. O. & Schlerath, Bernfried. (1987). "A i", Encyclopaeida Iranica.
Vol. II. London. pp. 750-751.
37.Stausberg, Michael.(2002).Die Religion Zarathushtras.Kohlhammer.Stuttgart.
38.Wolff, F. (1910). Avesta: Die heiligen Bücher der parsen. Strassburg.
ABSTRACT
The Description of Avestic Goddesses According to The
Avestan Texts of b n Ya t and Art Ya t
By
Naghmeh Hosseini
This thesis studies the two sublime Avestic Goddesses Called Ar dv s r
An hit and A i. Ar dv s r An hit is a pre-zoroastrian deity and the equivalent
of the Vedic Sarasvati. Like Sarasvati, she originally was the symbol of waters and
the embodiment of birth and fertility. After incorporating with Ishtar, the semitic
goddess, An hit inherited additional features of the divinity of war and of the
planet Venus. A i is also a pre-zoroastrian deity. In G
s, A i is an abstract noun
meaning portion and share, but in Younger Avesta A i is the Goddess of reward,
fortune and abundance.
Two Avestan texts called
b n Ya t and Art Ya t are dedicated to An hit
and A i. In this thesis these two Ya ts are transcribed, translated in to Persian and
Provided with a lexicon.
i