Capturing CO2 from anthropogenic sources: innovative solutions and industrial projects Fabrice Delcorso, Nicolas Perrin Les Rencontres Internationales du Havre, September 12-13th 2013, Le Havre, France Anthropogenic CO2 sources are a reality ■ Industrial merchant CO2: ¦ Worldwide market ~ 20 Mtpy ¦ Main applications: beverage, plant growth, food ¦ Mainly anthropogenic rich sources with >95% CO2 content (economics): ■ Petrochemicals: NH3, HyCO, EO ■ Fermentation: Bioethanol, distillery ¦ Typical recovery per source: 50-400 tpd ■ Air Liquide: ¦ AL policy is to develop only recovery sources (~ 90% today): ■ No new dedicated combustion ■ All CO2 wells to be closed ¦ Rich sources > 95% of sourcing ■ CO2 sources for EOR* in NA (~ 50 Mtpy) are essentially wells * EOR: Enhanced Oil Recovery 2 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment CO2 capture from large anthropogenic sources for CCUS Air Boiler Post combustion capture Example: Amines 1 Fossil fuels 2 Oxy-boiler (e.g. Coal) O2 3 4 2 Oxy-combustion 3 Pre-combustion/IGCC 4 Industrial applications Compression or liquefaction Rectisol (CTC) Purisol (IGCC) SMR Cryogenic Purification (CPU) Steel (Blast Furnace) PSA Air Liquide solutions September 2013 Post-combustion Transport Partial Oxidation Gasification Gasifier Reforming 3 Cryogenic Purification (CPU) 1 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Storage CCS, EOR Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment Agenda ■ Capture technology selection and innovative solutions ■ Power projects ■ Examples of industrial projects 4 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment Selection of CO2 capture technologies CO2 Product Purity ■ Technology for the whole range of CO2 feed and product purities Absorption Cryogenics (CPU) MEDALTM CRYOCAP H2 CRYOCAP OXY Membranes CRYOCAP Steel (V)PSA 1% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Feed CO2 content 5 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment Example of Oxy-Combustion for power production = CPU = CryocapTM Oxy CO2 recycle CO2 Boiler ESP* Ash Coal CO2 cryogenic purification unit FGD* Sulphur CO2 transport & storage / use Water, inert gases steam turbine steam O2 Mixer ASU Blocks required for CCS AIR 6 September 2013 *ESP: Electro-Static Precipitation. FGD: Flue Gas Desulphurization RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 6 Efficiency of cryogenic ASU* drastically improved * ASU: Air Separa,on Unit (O2 produc,on) Separation Energy* in kWh / t O2 260 240 -20% 220 200 Integration benefit 180 160 140 120 2000 Pure O2 2000 IGCC 2013 OXY LE 2013 OXY XLE 2017 Target * Compression energy not included, calculated at 15°C, 1 atm, 60% humidity 7 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 7 Cryogenics / Membrane combination enables up to 98% capture TO ATMOSPHERE FLUE GAS CO2 8 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment ALIVE solution enables energy storage Peak: high electricity prices – O2 consumption – Off-peak: low electricity prices – O2 storage – Cheap power is valued by generating O2 Minimum output is sold to the grid ASU power ASU run at minimal power Electricity to grid ASU power N2 liquid N2 liquid O2liquid O2liquid Stored O2 supply for additional power generation Surplus of O2 is stored Cheap generation of O2 to storage September 2013 Electricity to grid O2gas O2gas 9 Maximum output is sold to the grid RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Maximum power sale to the grid Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 9 Agenda ■ Capture technology selection and innovative solutions ■ Power projects ■ Examples of industrial projects 10 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment Main Air Liquide CO2 Projects (Start-up date) TOTAL Lacq - FRANCE (2010) CO2 Free Steam Generation 30 MWth oxy-combustion boiler with CO2 capture & storage AL scope: burners, O2 , CO2 dryer AIR LIQUIDE Port-Jérôme, FR (2014) Green SMR CO2 capture for liquid production AL scope: investment including CPU & Membrane ULCOS Florange - FRANCE Low CO2 Steelmaking Industrial blast furnace with CO2 capture & storage AL scope: ASU & CPU study FUTUREGEN 2.0 – USA (2017) Clean coal power plant ~165 MWe Oxy-coal Power plant with CO2 capture for CCS CIUDEN – SPAIN (2011/2012) Carbon Capture test facility 20 MWth PC & 30 MWth CFB oxy-combustion boilers AL scope: CPU ENDESA – SPAIN Clean coal power plant 300 MWe Oxy-coal Power plant with CO2 capture for CCS AL scope: ASU FEED AL scope: ASU, CPU & mixer Power / steam Industrial 11 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Callide Oxyfuel – AUSTRALIA (2012) Clean power pilot plant 30 MWe coal oxy-combustion boiler with CO2 partial capture and storage AL scope: ASU, CPU Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment Total Lacq (France): the only integrated Oxy-CCS operation worldwide Ü Retrofit of a 30 MWth NG boiler to OxyC with CO2 storage in depleted NG field. Operation 2010-2013 Ü AL’ Scope: Oxy-burners design & supply, oxygen supply and CO2 Rich Flue Gas dryer Ü Successful > 12,000 h dryer operation with various regeneration gases and NOx in feed gas 12 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment The largest operating Oxy-Coal Pilot Project worldwide ■ ~100 MWth boiler retrofit to Oxycombustion ■ ■ ■ ■ 13 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France AL scope: 2 ASUs (660 tpd) & CPU (75 tpd) CO2 Capture Start-up: December 2012 Fully upscalable CO2 CPU pilot CPU Operation >1100 hours Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment CIUDEN Carbon Capture test platform, Spain ■ Location: Ponferrada, Leon, Spain ■ Owned & operated by CIUDEN ■ 20 MWth PC & 30 MWth CFB boilers AL scope: CryocapTM Oxy CPU technology ■ >3000 hrs Oxy CFB, > 2200 hrs CPU operation (warm) ■ <1ppm SO2 at scrubber outlet ■ <1ppm H2O at dryer outlet ■ Cryogenic operation close to CO2 triple point 14 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 14 FutureGen 2.0 large scale integrated Oxy-CCS project, USA ■ 167 MWe gross coal power plant repowering ■ ~1.0 Mtpy Capture in Meredosia, IL ■ 25 miles pipeline to geological storage ■ AL: 3200 mtpd ASU, 3500 mtpd CPU, mixer ■ Aug. 2010: $1 billion DOE Grant awarded ■ 2012: Pre-FEED / Phase 1 completed and PPA ■ 2013 - June 2014: FEED Removes remaining SOX, moisture, PM, Hg, and NOX > 99% CO2 Purity 98% CO2 recovery 15 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment Agenda ■ Capture technology selection and innovative solutions ■ Power projects ■ Examples of industrial projects 16 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment CryocapTM H2 project at Port Jérôme, France ■ First Worldwide reference of CryocapTM H2 Technology for SMR ■ Designed and under construction by Air Liquide on an industrial unit: ¦ 100 ktpy CO2 capture, purification (food-grade) and liquefaction ¦ Upscalable technologies ¦ Start-up end 2014 17 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment CryocapTM Steel for (Top Gas Recycle) Blast Furnaces CO , H2 ( N 2) CO CO2 H2 (N2) CO2 Rich offgas CO, H2 (N2) CPU Export CO2 PSA O2 CO, H2 (N2) TGRBF principle: ASU 18 September 2013 § Nitrogen Free / Full Oxygen Blast Furnace § CO2 separation from CO and H2 which are recycled to BF § Purification and compression of CO2 before storage / use CryocapTM Steel ready for industrial scale demonstration RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment Conclusion ■ Merchant sources are typically > 95% CO2 anthropogenic ■ Best CO2 capture depends on feed CO2 content & product specs ■ Innovative solutions reduce capture cost for lower %CO2 sources ■ Large scale projects are under way ■ Industrial sources offer short term opportunities 19 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 19 DOE acknowlegment and Disclaimer for FG 2.0 20 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, health and the environment 20 Thank you for your attention [email protected] [email protected] Total Lacq, France Callide Oxyfuel, Australia CIUDEN, Spain
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