Berry Breeding at WSU Puyallup Patrick Moore, Scientist Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Scientific Assistant Susie Smith, Ag Res Tech II Debbie Hebert , Ag Res Tech I Ron & Karen Schwinkendorf, Tech Assist II Heidi Cochran, Tech Assist II Kara Lanning, PhD student Summer workers Program support USDA-ARS NW Center Small Fruits Research Washington Red Raspberry Commission Washington Strawberry Commission Oregon Strawberry Commission Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission • Plant Royalties • This work was partially funded by USDA/ NIFA through Hatch Projects #WNP0038 and 0640 • • • • • Strawberry Breeding Goals • • • • • Flavor, color, firmness High yields Disease resistance Large, easily harvested fruit Processing and/or fresh market outlets. Puget Crimson Day-Neutral strawberry breeding Goals Durable plant Consistent fruiting over season Working out methodology Raspberry Breeding • • • • • Flavor, firmness, color High yield Machine harvestable Root Rot tolerant RBDV resistant Evaluation of selections • Machine harvest trial • • • • • Second machine harvest trial Selection trial (hand harvest) Root rot plots RBDV testing Fruit evaluation • Grower trial • Release 2013 Machine harvesting planting Subjective evaluations of harvestability Root Rot Evaluation RBDV screening - grafting 2012 Grower Trials • Three WSU selections were planted with growers in Oregon and Washington WSU 1507 WSU 1912 WSU 1948 • Plots of 100+ plants were established of each selection. 2014 Grower Trials Four WSU selections being propagated for planting by growers in Oregon and Washington WSU 1980 WSU 2122 WSU 2166 WSU 2188 Plants of these selections are only available for Grower Trials with testing agreement WSU 1980 Both parents in 2002 MH Machine harvest well Firm Late season In 2012 MH trial Plants of these selections are only available for Grower Trials with testing agreement WSU 2122 Parents in 2002 and 2003 MH Machine harvests well Firm, thick walled Good flavor Processing color Late season (Wakefield) Will be planted in 2014 MH trial Plants of these selections are only available for Grower Trials with testing agreement WSU 2166 One parent was in 2004 MH Other parent was selected in 1977 Machine harvests well Firm, thick walled Good flavor Selected as plants were being machine harvested Will be planted in 2014 MH trial Plants of these selections are only available for Grower Trials with testing agreement WSU 2188 Both parents in 2004 MH trial Machine harvests well Firm, thick walled Good flavor Selected as plants were being machine harvested Will be planted in 2014 MH trial Plants of these selections are only available for Grower Trials with testing agreement Soluble solids (%) 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 Willamette WSU 2166 Meeker WSU 2122 0.0 WSU 2188 2.0 0.00 WSU 2188 WSU 2122 3.50 WSU 2166 Willamette Meeker 4.00 pH 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 WSU 2166 Meeker WSU 2188 WSU 2122 Total anthocyanins Willamette 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 WSU 1980 WSU 2122 WSU 2166 WSU 2188 Anthocyanins L H M/L H pH L L L L Soluble Solids H H M H Anthocyanins pH Soluble Solids WSU 1980 WSU 2122 WSU 2166 WSU 2188 L H M H MH L L L H H M H Cross WSU 1980 2005 WSU 2122 2006 WSU 2166 2007 WSU 2188 2007 Cross Seedlings WSU 1980 2005 2006 WSU 2122 2006 2007 WSU 2166 2007 2008 WSU 2188 2007 2008 Cross Seedlings Selection WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 WSU 2122 2006 2007 2009 WSU 2166 2007 2008 2010 WSU 2188 2007 2008 2010 Cross Seedlings Selection MH trial WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 WSU 2122 2006 2007 2009 2010 WSU 2166 2007 2008 2010 2011 WSU 2188 2007 2008 2010 2011 Cross Seedlings Selection MH trial Harvest WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 2011 WSU 2122 2006 2007 2009 2010 2012 WSU 2166 2007 2008 2010 2011 2013 WSU 2188 2007 2008 2010 2011 2013 Cross Seedlings Selection MH trial Harvest WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 2011 WSU 2122 2006 2007 2009 2010 2012 Known – fruit quality, harvestability Unknown – yield, disease resistance WSU 2166 2007 2008 2010 2011 2013 WSU 2188 2007 2008 2010 2011 2013 Cross Seedlings Selection MH trial Harvest Puyallup ST Root Rot WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 2011 2012 2012/2014 WSU 2122 2006 2007 2009 2010 2012 2014 2014 WSU 2166 2007 2008 2010 2011 2013 2014 2014 WSU 2188 2007 2008 2010 2011 2013 2014 2014 WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 2011 2012 2012/2014 WSU 2122 WSU 2166 WSU 2188 Cross 2006 2007 2007 Seedlings 2007 2008 2008 Selection 2009 2010 2010 MH trial 2010 2011 2011 Harvest 2012 2013 2013 Puyallup ST 2014 2014 2014 Root Rot 2014 2014 2014 Assumed Assumed RBDV susceptible susceptible susceptible ? WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 2011 2012 2012/2014 WSU 2122 WSU 2166 WSU 2188 Cross 2006 2007 2007 Seedlings 2007 2008 2008 Selection 2009 2010 2010 MH trial 2010 2011 2011 Harvest 2012 2013 2013 Puyallup ST 2014 2014 2014 Root Rot 2014 2014 2014 Assumed Assumed RBDV susceptible susceptible susceptible ? Grower trial 2014 2014 2014 2014 WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 2011 2012 2012/2014 WSU 2122 WSU 2166 WSU 2188 Cross 2006 2007 2007 Seedlings 2007 2008 2008 Selection 2009 2010 2010 MH trial 2010 2011 2011 Harvest 2012 2013 2013 Puyallup ST 2014 2014 2014 Root Rot 2014 2014 2014 Assumed Assumed RBDV susceptible susceptible susceptible ? Grower trial 2014 2014 2014 2014 First harvest 2016 2016 2016 2016 WSU 1980 2005 2006 2008 2009 2011 2012 2012/2014 WSU 2122 WSU 2166 WSU 2188 Cross 2006 2007 2007 Seedlings 2007 2008 2008 Selection 2009 2010 2010 MH trial 2010 2011 2011 Harvest 2012 2013 2013 Puyallup ST 2014 2014 2014 Root Rot 2014 2014 2014 Assumed Assumed RBDV susceptible susceptible susceptible ? Grower trial 2014 2014 2014 2014 First harvest 2016 2016 2016 2016 Release ? 2017 2017 2017 2017 Raspberry Release WSU 1507 Cascade Dawn x WSU 1145 Cross: 1998 Selected: 2001 MH trials: 2002, 2003, 2005, 2010 and 2013 Root rot trials: 2005, 2011, 2013 RBDV test: Resistant Yield Puyallup: 2005, 2009, 2013 Grower trials: 2012 WSU 1507 • Machine harvests well • Root rot tolerant = 5.0 • WSU RBDV1507 resistant 1.5 • Willamette 2-6 d earlier= than Meeker = 0.5 Meeker • Productive equal or greater than Meeker • Good flavor WSU 1507 = 8.2 t/a • Meeker High Sol. = Solids 4.5 t/a equal or more than Meeker • pH = Meeker • Lower Anthocyanins than Meeker . WSU 1507 Cascade Harvest Limited number of plants available 2014 Cascade Gold - 2010 PNW Plant Sales Thank you to: Lassen Canyon Nursery Norcal North American Plants Northwest Plant Co Nourse Farms Spooner Farms 45,000,000 Strawberry 40,000,000 35,000,000 30,000,000 25,000,000 20,000,000 OR 15,000,000 10,000,000 BC WA 5,000,000 0 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 4,000,000 3,500,000 2013 Strawberry plant sales 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 0 Albion Tillamook Totem Hood Seascape Puget Reliance 30% 2013 Strawberry plant sales 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Albion Tillamook Totem PNW Hood Oregon Seascape Puget Reliance 6,000,000 Raspberry 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 WA 2,000,000 BC 1,000,000 OR 0 2001 2006 2011 1,200,000 2013 Raspberry plant sales 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 0 Meeker Wakefield Chemainus Rudi Tulameen Cascade Delight 45% 40% 2013 Raspberry plant sales 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Meeker Wakefield Chemainus PNW Rudi Oregon Tulameen C Delight 1,200,000 Blackberry 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 OR 200,000 WA BC 0 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 300,000 2013 Blackberry plant sales 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Black Diamond Columbia Star Obsidian Chester Boysen Marion 45% 40% 2013 Blackberry plant sales 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Black Columbia Obsidian Diamond Star PNW Chester Oregon Boysen Marion
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