WEST AFRICA Price Bulletin June 2014 The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) monitors trends in staple food prices in countries vulnerable to food insecurity. For each FEWS NET country and region, the Price Bulletin provides a set of charts showing monthly prices in the current marketing year in selected urban centers and allowing users to compare current trends with both five-year average prices, indicative of seasonal trends, and prices in the previous year. West Africa can be divided into three agro-ecological zones or three different trade basins (West Basin, Central Basin and East Basin). Both important for understanding market behavior and dynamics. The three major agro-ecological zones are the Sahelian, the Sudanese and the Coastal zones where production and consumption can be easily classified. (1) In the Sahelian zone, millet is the principal cereal cultivated and consumed particularly in rural areas and increasingly, when accessible, in urban areas. Exceptions include Cape Verde where maize and rice are most important, Mauritania where sorghum and maize are staples, and Senegal with rice. The principal substitutes in the Sahel are sorghum, rice, and cassava flour (Gari), the latter two in times of shortage. (2) In the Sudanese zone (southern Chad, central Nigeria, Benin, Ghana, Togo, Côte d'Ivoire, southern Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal, Guinea Bissau, Serra Leone, Liberia) maize and sorghum constitute the principal cereals consumed by the majority of the population. They are followed by rice and tubers, particularly cassava and yam. (3) In the Coastal zone, with two rainy seasons, yam and maize constitute the most important food products. They are supplemented by cowpea, which is a significant source of protein. The three trade basins are known as the West, Central, and East basins. In addition to the north to south movement of particular commodities, certain cereals flow horizontally. (1) The West basin refers to Mauritania, Senegal, western Mali, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and The Gambia where rice is most heavily traded. (2) The Central basin consists of Côte d'Ivoire, central and eastern Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Togo where maize is commonly traded. (3) The East basin refers to Niger, Nigeria, Chad, and Benin where millet is traded most frequently. These three trade basins are shown on the map above. FEWS NET gratefully acknowledges the local government agencies, market information systems, UN agencies, NGOs, and private sector partners. FEWS NET West Africa FEWS NET is a USAID-funded activity. The content of this report does not necessarily [email protected] reflect the view of the United States Agency for International Development or the United www.fews.net States Government WEST AFRICA Price Bulletin June 2014 MAIZE: Maize is the main food staple for the majority of the Guinean and West African coastal counties, and particularly food insecure and rural populations, and acts as a substitute for millet and sorghum in the Sahel during times of shortfalls. It is also used by industry and for animal feed. Maize: Wholesale prices in Kano (Dawanau), Nigeria Maize: Nominal retail prices in Niamey (Katako), Niger 400 10,000 350 8,000 250 NGN/100 kg XOF/kg 300 200 150 100 6,000 4,000 2,000 50 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 5-year average 2007/08-2011/12 JUL 2012/13 AUG OCT SEP 2013/14 Maize: Nominal retail prices in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 Maize: Nominal retail prices in Bol, Chad 350 300 200 250 XAF/kg XOF/kg FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 400 250 150 100 200 150 100 50 50 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP OCT 2013/14 NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 Maize: Nominal retail prices in Sikasso, Mali MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 Maize: Nominal retail prices in Malanville, Benin 300 300 250 250 200 200 XOF/kg XOF/kg JAN 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 300 150 100 50 150 100 50 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP OCT 2013/14 NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 Maize: Nominal retail prices in Bouake, Côte d'Ivoire Maize: Nominal retail prices in Tamale, Ghana 100 300 80 250 200 60 XOF/kg GHS/100 kg NOV DEC 40 150 100 20 50 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 Famine Early Warning Systems Network JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 2 WEST AFRICA Price Bulletin June 2014 CVE/kg Maize: Nominal retail prices in Praia, Cape Verde 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 COWPEA: Cowpea is a basic food for the coastal countries and also acts as a source of protein and meat substitute for poor households in the Sahel. Cowpea: Nominal retail prices in Maradi, Niger 800 1,400 700 1,200 1,000 500 XOF/kg XO>F/kg 600 400 300 800 600 200 400 100 200 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 5-year average 2007/08-2011/12 JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 2013/14 Cowpea: Wholesale prices in Kano (Dawanau), Nigeria MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG 2013/14 Cowpea: Nominal retail prices in Accra, Ghana 400 24,000 350 20,000 300 16,000 GHS/100 kg NGN/100 kg Cowpea: Nominal retail prices in Cotonou (Dantokpa), Benin 12,000 8,000 4,000 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 2012/13 Famine Early Warning Systems Network JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 3 WEST AFRICA Price Bulletin June 2014 RICE: Rice is an important commodity for the urban Sahel and West African region. Monitoring market trends for rice is necessary because unfavorable conditions can lead to social instability. All of the markets shown here represent those that import international products for dissemination to other markets. Rice: Wholesale prices in Ibadan (Bodija), Nigeria 200 700 175 600 150 500 125 NGN/100 kg XOF/kg Rice: Nominal retail prices in Niamey (Katako), Niger 800 400 300 200 75 50 25 100 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR 5-year average 2007/08-2011/12 MAY JUN JUL AUG 2012/13 OCT SEP 2013/14 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG 2012/13 SEP 2013/14 Rice: Nominal retail prices in Accra, Ghana 120 600 100 GHS/100 kg 500 400 300 200 80 60 40 20 100 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG OCT SEP NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 2013/14 Rice (imported): Nominal retail prices in N'Djamena, Chad MAY JUN JUL AUG 2012/13 SEP 2013/14 Rice: Nominal retail prices in Bamako (Niarela), Mali 800 800 700 700 600 600 500 500 CVE/kg XAF/kg DEC 140 700 400 400 300 300 200 200 100 100 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG OCT SEP 2013/14 700 600 600 500 500 XOF/kg 800 700 400 300 200 100 0 JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 Famine Early Warning Systems Network JUL AUG FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 300 100 DEC JAN 400 200 NOV DEC Rice: Nominal retail prices in Abidjan (Adjame), Côte d'Ivoire 800 OCT NOV 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 Rice: Nominal retail prices in Cotonou (Dantopka), Benin XOF/kg NOV 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 Rice: Nominal retail prices in Ouagadougou (Sankaryare), Burkina Faso 800 XOF/kg 100 SEP 2013/14 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 4 WEST AFRICA Price Bulletin June 2014 Rice: Nominal retail prices in Praia, Cape Verde Rice: Nominal retail prices in Dakar (Tilene), Senegal 800 140 700 120 600 XOF/kg CVE/kg 100 80 60 500 400 300 40 200 20 100 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG 0 SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 2013/14 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 Rice (imported): Nominal retail prices in Nouakchott, Mauritania 400 350 MRO/kg 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 SORGHUM: Sorghum is generally the first substitute for millet and is more important in the Sahel for consumption, industry, and animal feed. There is currently significant competition between human food consumption in Sahelian zones and breweries that demand sorghum for beer production. Sorghum: Nominal retail prices in Nouakchott, Mauritania 500 400 MRO/kg NGN/100 kg Sorghum: Nominal wholesale prices in Kano, Nigeria 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 300 200 100 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 2012/13 Famine Early Warning Systems Network JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 5 WEST AFRICA Price Bulletin Previous year 2012/13 June 2014 Current year 2013/14 2 year average 2011/12-2012/13 Sorghum: Nominal retail prices in Zinder, Niger 350 350 300 300 250 250 200 200 XOF/kg XOF/kg Sorghum: Nominal retail prices in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG 5 year average 2008/09-2012/13 0 SEP OCT 2013/14 NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR 5-year average 2007/08-2011/12 MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 YAMS: Yams are important for food security in the coastal countries and the southern part of Nigeria. Through commercial flows, surplus yam from the coastal countries moves to the urban areas of the Sahel and several rural areas to reinforce the food availability during the lean season and times of shortfalls. It is also a first substitute when cereal prices start to rise. Yams: Nominal retail prices in Cotonou (Dantokpa), Benin Yams: Nominal retail prices in Lagos, Nigeria 600 500 500 400 XOF/kg NGN/kg 400 300 200 200 100 100 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 2 year avg. 2011/12-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP OCT 2013/14 NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP 2013/14 Yams: Nominal retail prices in Abidjan (Adjame), Côte d'Ivoire Yams: Nominal retail prices in Accra, Ghana 700 500 600 400 500 300 XOF/kg GHS/100 kg 300 200 400 300 200 100 100 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 Famine Early Warning Systems Network JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 6 WEST AFRICA Price Bulletin June 2014 MILLET: Millet is the main food staple for a majority of the Sahelian food insecure populations, particularly for the rural and urban poor. These are the main market centers for the Sahelian countries, where a majority of the population relies on it. Millet: Wholesale prices in Kano (Dawanau), Nigeria Millet: Nominal wholesale prices in Maradi, Niger 10,000 350 300 8,000 200 NGN/100 kg XOF/kg 250 150 100 50 4,000 2,000 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 5-year average 2007/08-2011/12 JUL 2012/13 AUG OCT SEP DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG 2012/13 SEP 2013/14 Millet: Nominal retail prices in N'Djamena, Chad 500 400 300 300 XAF/kg 400 200 100 200 100 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN JUL 2012/13 AUG SEP OCT 2013/14 NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 Millet: Nominal retail prices in Segou, Mali MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG 2012/13 SEP 2013/14 Millet: Nominal retail prices in Kaolak, Senegal 500 500 400 400 300 300 XOF/kg XOF/kg NOV 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 2013/14 Millet: Nominal retail prices in Ougadougou (Sankaryare), Burkina Faso 500 XOF/kg 6,000 200 100 200 100 0 0 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 Famine Early Warning Systems Network JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB 5 year avg. 2008/09-2012/13 MAR APR MAY JUN 2012/13 JUL AUG SEP 2013/14 7
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