Does social exclusion experience causes psychotic symptoms in non-clinical population in different cultures? Bachelor theses at the Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Theme: The relationship of social exclusion and psychotic symptoms in different cultures Description: Social exclusion is increasingly recognized as an important risk factor of schizophrenia. The social defeat hypothesis states that the experience being excluded explains the long well-known associations of urban upbringing, child abuse, and substance use with schizophrenia (Selten, Ven, Rutten, & Cantor-Graae, 2013). This hypothesis warrants further investigations with carefully designed experiments that manipulate social exclusion experience. Several experimental study have supported the social defeat hypothesis by manipulating social exclusion through Cyberball (Kesting, Bredenpohl, Klenke, Westermann, & Lincoln, 2013) and virtual reality (Freeman et al., 2014). However, there are other social exclusion manipulation paradigms (Gerber & Wheeler, 2009) that have not been tested, such as: the life-alone paradigm (Baumeister, Twenge, & Nuss, 2002) or demarcated rejection paradigm (e.g. group-work rejection (Nezlek, Kowalski, Leary, Blevins, & Holgate, 1997)). Task: Design: Randomized online experimental study, with pre- and post-test measurements Manipulation: One social exclusion manipulation (such as: life-alone paradigm) Outcome: State schizophrenia symptoms (e.g. CAPE-42) Sample: Healthy individuals (see: continuum-hypothesis of schizophrenia (van Os, Linscott, MyinGermeys, Delespaul, & Krabbendam, 2009)) Recruitment: Internet forums, Crowdflower website Contact: Interested in testing different social exclusion Interested in the influence of socio-cultural experimental paradigms? factors? Edo Jaya, M. Sc. Caroline Wüsten M. Sc. AB Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie AB Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie Raum 5009 Raum 5009 [email protected] [email protected] Bachelor thesis in English or German Bachelor thesis in English References Baumeister, R. F., Twenge, J. M., & Nuss, C. K. (2002). Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: Anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(4), 817–827. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.817 Freeman, D., Evans, N., Lister, R., Antley, A., Dunn, G., & Slater, M. (2014). Height, social comparison, and paranoia: An immersive virtual reality experimental study. Psychiatry Research, 218(3), 348–352. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.12.014 Gerber, J., & Wheeler, L. (2009). On Being Rejected A Meta-Analysis of Experimental Research on Rejection. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(5), 468–488. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01158.x Kesting, M.-L., Bredenpohl, M., Klenke, J., Westermann, S., & Lincoln, T. M. (2013). The impact of social stress on self-esteem and paranoid ideation. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 44(1), 122–128. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.07.010 Nezlek, J. B., Kowalski, R. M., Leary, M. R., Blevins, T., & Holgate, S. (1997). Personality moderators of reactions to interpersonal rejection: depression and trait self-esteem. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23(12), 1235–1244. doi:10.1177/01461672972312001 Selten, J.-P., Ven, E. van der, Rutten, B. P. F., & Cantor-Graae, E. (2013). The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia: An update. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 39(6), 1180–1186. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt134 Van Os, J., Linscott, R. J., Myin-Germeys, I., Delespaul, P., & Krabbendam, L. (2009). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychosis continuum: evidence for a psychosis proneness–persistence–impairment model of psychotic disorder. Psychological Medicine, 39(02), 179–195. doi:10.1017/S0033291708003814
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