.
(
)
(
)
.
.
.[
.
]
.
(P = P
P )
-
-
-
-1
.
.
-
-
-
-2
8
.[
water breakthrough
water arrival
]
9
:
-1
.
-2
.[
]
-3
:
10
.
(LV
)
11
12
water-invaded
water fingering
scaling-coefficient
1,5
2
.