表 1. 溶剤の物理特性と各溶剤を混合した時のモンモリロナイトの底面間隔
Solvent
Dipole moment
(Debye)
Relative
Donor Acceptor
Basal spacing of Na-
permittivity number number Montmorillonite in solvent※ (nm)
Pyridine
2.37
12.4
33.1
14.2
2.06
Ethanol
1.66
24.4
(32)
37.9
1.73
Methanol
2.87
32.6
(30)
41.5
1.73
N, N-Dimethylformamide
3.86
36.7
26.6
16.0
2.06
Ethylene glycol
2.28
40.8
20
42.8
1.77
Formamide
3.71
108.7
24
39.8
Osmotic
Tetrahydrofuran
1.75
7.4
20
8.0
1.50
Water
1.94
80.1
18
54.8
Osmotic
Acetone
2.69
20.6
17
12.5
1.88
Propylene carbonate
4.98
64.9
15
18.3
2.01
Sulfolane
4.81
43.3
14.8
19.2
152
Acetonitrile
3.44
35.9
14.1
18.9
2.01
N-Methylformamide
3.83
171
--
32.1
Osmotic
※Montmorillonite/solvent =1/2wt.%