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2- Gruber, S., C.P. Pekrun and W. Claupein. 2004. Population dynamics of volunteer oilseed rape
(Brassica nupus) affected by tillage. Europ. J. Agron. 20:351-361.
3- Gulden, R.H., A.G. Thomas and S.J. Shirtliffe. 2004. Secondary dormancy, temperature, and burial
depth regulate seed bank dynamics in canola. Weed Sci. 52: 382–388.
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environment to secondary seed dormancy potential in Canadian spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Weed
Res. 44: 97–106.
5- Gulden, R.H., S.J. Shirtliffe and A.G. Thomas. 2003. Secondary seed dormancy prolongs of volunteer
canola in western Canada. Weed Sci. 51: 904-913.
6- Harker, K.N., G.W. Clayton, R.E. Blackshaw, J.T. O’Donovan, E.N. Johnson, Y. Gan, F.A. Holm,
K.L. Sapsford, R.B. Irvine and R.C. Van_Acker. 2006. Persistence of Glyphosate-Resistant Canola in
Western Canadian Cropping Systems. Agron. J. 98:107–119.
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Seed Sci and Technol. 21: (Suppl.).
8- Lupez-Granados, F. and P.J.W. Lutman. 1998. Effect of environmental conditions on the dormancy
and germination of volunteer oilseed rape seed (Brassica nupus). Weed Sci. 46: 419-423.
9- Lutman, P.J.W. 1993. The occurrence and persistence of volunteer oilseed rape (Brassica nupus).
Aspects Appl. Biol. 35: 29-36.
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seed dormancy in oilseed rape genotypes under conditions of stress. Weed Res. 42: 446–455.
11- Pekrun, C., P.J.W. Lutman and K. Baeumer. 1997. Germination behavior of dormant oilseed rape
seeds in relation to temperature. Weed Res. 37: 419-431.
12- Rao, S.C. and T.H. Dao. 1987. Soil water effects on low temperature seedling emergence of five
Brassica cultivars. Agron. J. 79: 517-519.
13- Schlink, S. 1998. 10 years survival of rape seed (Brassica nupus) in soil. J. Plant Dis. Prot. XVI:
169-172.