The Wadden Sea – archive of landscape evolution, climate change and settlement history Martina Karle & Felix Bittmann Photo: A. Bartholomä Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Aims • Depicting the archaeological potential of the Wadden Sea Raise the public awareness of cultural heritage within the Wadden Sea • • Landscape reconstruction as prerequisite for predictive modelling Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Co-operation partners: Settling and Cultural history of the Sower Saxony Wadden Sea area Funding 2012-2015: Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur ! ? 1986 national park 1993 UNESCO biosphere reserve 2009 UNESCO worldheritage www.waddensea-worldheritage.org Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Known Artefacts photo: A. Heinze Burial of a woman found in 1993, 5th century AD from: Niederhöfer 2010 Bottom part of a wooden sluice, 1464 AD Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Methods • • • • • • Geological archive data (LBEG, Hannover) Historical maps Archive / Literature: - Archaeaological data base of Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege (ADAB-web) - Publications and archives Public relations (rangers and guides, gatherers) Aerial photographs Field campaigns Quelle: Nationalparkverwaltung Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Field campaigns • Check site information from desk-based assessment (aerial photographs, archives) • Investigate potential settling areas Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Find spot Horumersiel finds: 16./17. c. Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Find spot Horumersiel finds: 16./17. c. Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Before and after Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Geological data base Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Geological data base Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Landscape reconstruction 8000 BP Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Landscape reconstruction 5000 BP Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Landscape reconstruction 3500 BP Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Landscape reconstruction 1400 BP Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Landscape reconstruction Georgia, USA Barrier islands and mainland coast Eastfrisian coast Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Landscape reconstruction Maps after Homeier 1969 Morphodynamic processes triggered by diking of the mainland coast • • • Mobilisation of ebb-deltas • Reduction of tidal basins • Westward shift of tidal watersheds Erosion of exposed western parts Deposition at the eastern spits Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Landscape reconstruction Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Mapping archaeological potential areas 793-485 cal 2882-2499 calBC BC 4360-3993 cal BC Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research WASA - The Wadden Sea as an archive of landscape evolution, climate change and settlement history: Exploration – Analysis – Predictive modelling Funding: 2016-2019 Spiekeroog Langeoog Norderney Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research WASA - The Wadden Sea as an archive of landscape evolution, climate change and settlement history: Exploration – Analysis – Predictive modelling Geology Biology Geochemistry Archaeology Source: WHOI.edu Landscape data Archaeological data Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research WASA: First results trees pine birch alder shrub oak beech elm heather sweet gale Peat bog sphagnum Atlantic (7,5-5 ka) Subboreal (5-2,5 ka) Atlantic (7,5-5 ka) Boreal (9-7,5 ka) Indicating input of younger material (F. Schlütz) Re-interpretation of maps „upper peat“ is basal peat i.e. fen peat, development while RSL was at -15m NHN Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research WASA - The Wadden Sea as an archive of landscape evolution, climate change and settlement history: Exploration – Analysis – Predictive modelling Land use and settlement structure Landscape reconstruction 11000 a BP 5000 a BP today 11000 a BP 5000 a BP today Predictive modelling Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research Thank you Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research
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