13060 NCAA White Paper Visual Performance Products

Visual Performance Products:
NCAA Rules & Regulations
www.eyepromise.com | [email protected] | 1-866-833-2800
© 2013 ZeaVision, Inc. All rights reserved.
Summary
The EyePromise line of visual performance products is all natural, made in the USA from
the highest quality ingredients to maintain and improve vision. Our EyePromise vizual
EDGE PRO sports performance supplement is NSF certified for sport, a requirement for
many of the professional sport groups such as MLB, NFL, NHL and PGA. This paper
addresses compliance with the NCAA rules and regulations.
Zeaxanthin Based EyePromise Visual Performance Products
Most of the EyePromise products are based around the ingredient zeaxanthin, a nutrient found in
brightly colored vegetables. These products include EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO, EyePromise Restore,
EyePromise Zeaxantin + Lutein and EyePromise Zeaxanthin. Zeaxanthin is one of two carotenoids (the
other being lutein) that forms the macular pigment in the back of the eye. The macular pigment acts as
“internal sunglasses” to protect the visual receptors (rods and cones) from damaging sunlight.
A less dense macular pigment is a risk factor for diseases such as macular degeneration. Thus,
zeaxanthin supplementation has traditionally focused on individuals concerned about maintaining their
eye health, especially those concerned about diseases such as macular degeneration.
A number of recent studies show that even individuals with “healthy” eyes can increase their macular
pigment via supplementation and experience the following benefits:
•
Reduced glare
•
Reduced sensitivity to light
•
Improved photo stress recovery time
•
Improved contrast sensitivity (the eye’s ability to process spatial or temporal information about
objects and their backgrounds under various lighting conditions)
•
Improved processing speed (the ability to detect and react to moving targets)
A summary of the science supporting these benefits may be reviewed in Attachment A. Zeaxanthin is not
listed on the NCAA permissible or non-permissible list for nutritional supplements. This list is included in
Attachment B.
EyePromise Zeaxanthin Based Visual Performance Products with Omega-3
Several EyePromise products contain Omega-3: EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO and EyePromise Restore
and EyePromise EZ Tears.
Omega-3 is a nutrient found in Alaskan cold water fish. It can be found in EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO,
EyePromise EZ Tears and Restore because a number of studies show that it is beneficial for maintaining
eye health due to its anti-inflammatory and lubricating proprieties.
In addition to eye health, fish oil has been shown to benefit heart health, brain health, joint health,
circulation, blood pressure, cholesterol, improved triglycerides, skin, hair and nail health.
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Summary of EyePromise Zeaxanthin
Based Product Ingredients
Ingredient
Products Containing
Benefit
Zeaxanthin EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO A superior photo-protectant and
EyePromise Restore
EyePromise
Zeaxanthin + Lutein
EyePromise Zeaxanthin
Lutein
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Primarily found in the peripheral part of
EyePromise Restore
EyePromise
Zeaxanthin + Lutein
Omega-3
EyePromise EZ Tears
seriously lacking nutrient – significant
structural components of tissues’ cell
membranes throughout the body –
especially rich in the brain and
particularly important in the retina
where deficiency can result in
decreased vision.
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO A major antioxidant nutrient –
EyePromise Restore
Vitamin A
the Macula, an important photoprotectant that helps filter damaging
blue light as it enters the eye.
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Fatty acids from fish are a vital and
EyePromise Restore
Vitamin C
antioxidant due to its chemical
structure. Primarily found in the central
part of the Macula. Increased levels are
associated with decreased risks of AMD,
and enhanced visual performance.
Derived from all natural paprika.
Natural
Source
Neither
Paprika
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Neither
Marigolds
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Neither
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Alaskan
cold water
fish
(Pollock)
Permissible
strengthens blood vessels, aids in iron
absorption, and is required for the
synthesis of collagen, the intercellular
“cement” which holds tissues together.
Excellent healing agent that helps the
body resist infection.
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Fat soluble vitamin (absorbed by the
EyePromise EZ Tears
NCAA
Status
Permissible
body with the help of fats) for corneal
surface health; mucosal, conjunctival,
meibomiam, and lacrimal gland health;
major importance in the mucous layer
of tear production.
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Ingredient
Products Containing
Benefit
NCAA
Status
Natural
Source
Vitamin D3 EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO D3 maintains adequate levels of vitamin Permissible
EyePromise Restore
EyePromise EZ Tears
Vitamin E
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Major antioxidant that slows cellular
EyePromise Restore
EyePromise EZ Tears
Zinc
D in the body – regulates the body’s
inflammatory response; immune health;
joints and muscles; and more.
aging due to oxidation, strengthens
blood vessels, and may help combat
wet AMD.
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Very important in human metabolism –
EyePromise Restore
Permissible
Permissible
more than 100 specific enzymes require
zinc for their catalytic function.
Recommended upper tolerable level
of zinc is 40 mg per day.
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Play a significant role in systemic
Mixed
inflammatory adjustments.
Tocopherol
EyePromise Restore
Permissible
(Vitamin E)
EyePromise EZ Tears
Alpha
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO A powerful antioxidant that works most
effectively in synergy with Vitamins
Lipoic Acid
EyePromise Restore
C & E – fighting free radicals that can
damage cell structures, impair the
immune system, and may contribute
to vision loss.
Evening
Primrose
Oil
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Contains GLA (gamma-linoleic acid)
Turmeric
Extract
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Includes curcumin with systemic and
Green Tea
Extract
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Offers antioxidants in systemic and
EyePromise EZ Tears
EyePromise EZ Tears
EyePromise EZ Tears
– shown to favorably affect dry eye
symptoms by inhibiting conversion
of Omega-6 fatty acids to
pro-inflammatory molecules.
ocular anti-inflammatory properties;
inhibits conversion of Omega-6 fatty
acids to pro-inflammatory prostaglandins
and inhibition of other pro-inflammatory
signals on the ocular surface.
ocular tissues, reducing the effect of
inflammatory compounds that are a
major cause of dry eye.
Neither
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Neither
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Nonpermissible
Nonpermissible
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© 2013 ZeaVision, Inc. All rights reserved.
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EyePromise EZ Tears
EyePromise EZ Tears is the only EyePromise product that is not zeaxanthin based. EZ Tears has been
formulated for individuals who experience dry eye. This product has been helpful for people who cannot
wear contacts due to dry eye, or who suffer from dry eye due to Lasik surgery, allergies, travel, arid
environments, etc. Most individuals notice a change in their dry eye symptoms within 2-4 weeks.
EyePromise EZ Tears contains Omega-3s and green tea extract so the product has a small amount of
caffeine (less than a 6 oz cup of tea). The green tea extract acts as an anti-inflammatory to alleviate dry
eye. Caffeine is classified as a restricted drug, and is allowed in reasonable doses. Caffeine cannot
exceed 12ug/ml in the urine. This generally requires consuming more than 300-600 mg’s of caffeine
per day. Two EZ Tears contain 1-1.5 mg of caffeine.
Summary of EyePromise EZ Tears Product Ingredients
Ingredient
Products Containing
Omega-3
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Fatty acids from fish are a vital and
EyePromise Restore
EyePromise EZ Tears
Benefit
seriously lacking nutrient – significant
structural components of tissues’ cell
membranes throughout the body –
especially rich in the brain and
particularly important in the retina
where deficiency can result in
decreased vision.
NCAA
Status
Natural
Source
Neither
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Alaskan
cold water
fish
(Pollock)
Vitamin D3 EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO D3 maintains adequate levels of vitamin Permissible
EyePromise Restore
EyePromise EZ Tears
Vitamin E
D in the body – regulates the body’s
inflammatory response; immune health;
joints and muscles; and more.
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Major antioxidant that slows cellular
EyePromise Restore
EyePromise EZ Tears
Permissible
aging due to oxidation, strengthens
blood vessels, and may help combat
Wet AMD.
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Play a significant role in systemic
Mixed
inflammatory adjustments.
Tocopherol
EyePromise Restore
Permissible
(Vitamin E)
EyePromise EZ Tears
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© 2013 ZeaVision, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Ingredient
Products Containing
Vitamin A
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Fat soluble vitamin (absorbed by the
EyePromise EZ Tears
Benefit
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Contains GLA (gamma-linoleic acid)
Turmeric
Extract
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Includes curcumin with systemic and
Green Tea
Extract
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO Offers antioxidants in systemic and
EyePromise EZ Tears
EyePromise EZ Tears
Natural
Source
Permissible
body with the help of fats) for corneal
surface health; mucosal, conjunctival,
meibomiam, and lacrimal gland health;
major importance in the mucous layer
of tear production.
Evening
Primrose
Oil
EyePromise EZ Tears
NCAA
Status
– shown to favorably affect dry eye
symptoms by inhibiting conversion
of Omega-6 fatty acids to
pro-inflammatory molecules.
ocular anti-inflammatory properties;
inhibits conversion of Omega-6
fatty acids to pro-inflammatory
prostaglandins and inhibition of
other pro-inflammatory signals on
the ocular surface.
ocular tissues, reducing the effect of
inflammatory compounds that are a
major cause of dry eye.
Neither
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Neither
permissible
nor nonpermissible
Nonpermissible
www.eyepromise.com | [email protected] | 1-866-833-2800
© 2013 ZeaVision, Inc. All rights reserved.
6
Attachment A
Visual Performance Benefits
Overall Eye Health
• A higher macular pigment is associated with increased contrast sensitivity, less light sensitivity,
improved dark adaptation, and reduced glare
(see sections below).
Stringham, James M., PhD. “Macular Pigment and Visual Performance in Glare: Benefits for Photostress Recovery,
Disability Glare, and Visual Discomfort.” IOVS Papers, Air Force Research Laboratory (2011): n. pag. Web.; Stringham,
Dr. James. “The Influence of Dietary Lutein and Zeaxanthin on Visual Performance.” JFS R: Concise Reviews in
Food Science, Institute of Food Technology (2009): n. pag. Web.; Wenzel, AJ. “Macular Pigment Optical Density
and Photophobia.” The Association for Research in and Opthomology (2004): n. pag. Web.; Makridaki, M. “Lutein
Supplementation Improves Scotopic, but Not Photopic Sensitivity Recovery in Age Related Maculopathy (ARM); a Two
Centre Study.” Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK, 2 University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht,
Maastricht, The Netherlands n.d.: n. pag. Web.
• 78% of Americans have suboptimal macular pigment– macular pigment is the part of the eye’s anatomy
that acts as “internal polarized sunglasses”, protecting the visual receptors (rods and cones) from
damaging sunlight.
Bernstein. “The Value of Measurement of Macular Carotenoid Pigment Optical Densities and Distributors in
Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” Vision Research (2010): n. pag. Web.
• An average macular pigment level is achieved with an MPOD score of 0.45 (on a scale of 0 to 1).
“Superior visual performance” is associated with an MPOD score of 0.70 or higher.
Bernstein. “The Value of Measurement of Macular Carotenoid Pigment Optical Densities and Distributors in
Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” Vision Research (2010): n. pag. Web.; Stringham, James M., PhD. “Macular
Pigment and Visual Performance in Glare: Benefits for Photostress Recovery, Disability Glare, and Visual Discomfort.”
IOVS Papers, Air Force Research Laboratory (2011): n. pag. Web.
• Supplementation with the 2 carotenoids, dietary zeaxanthin and lutein, builds macular pigment up to
50% within 6-12 months.
Herman, John. “Macular Pigment Density Enhancement Study.” Pending Publication(NR): n. pag. Web.
• Increased macular pigment correlates directly with improved retinal function. “Zeaxanthin is the
dominant component and reaches its maximum at the center of the fovea, where the Lutein to
zeaxanthin ratio reaches a minimum, suggesting that zeaxanthin may play some essential roles in
the fovea.”
Ma, Le, MD. “Improvement of Retinal Function in Early Age-Related Macular Degenaration After Lutein and Zeaxanthin
Supplementation: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Trial.” Journal of Ophthalmology, Department of
Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Healthy, Peeking University (2012): n. pag. Web.
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• “The remarkable increased visual acuity and heightened foveal shape discrimination with
zeaxanthin potentially applies to sports vision (i.e., baseball players) and has military application
(i.e., sharpshooters) for the young as well as the old.”
Richer, Stuart P., O.D., Ph.D.,, William Stiles, M.D.,, and Mark Levin, M.D. “The Zeaxanthin and Visual Function Study
(ZVF) FDA IND #78, 973.” Journal of Optometry, James A. Lovell Veteran’s Hospital (2011): n. pag. Web.
Improved Contrast Sensitivity
• Subjects supplementing with 8 mg of dietary zeaxanthin (EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO contains a
higher dose, 26 mg) over a 12 month period improved 8.5 letters or 1.5 lines on a standard eye chart.
Richer, Stuart P., O.D., Ph.D.,, William Stiles, M.D.,, and Mark Levin, M.D. “The Zeaxanthin and Visual Function Study
(ZVF) FDA IND #78, 973.” Journal of Optometry, James A. Lovell Veteran’s Hospital (2011): n. pag. Web.
• Foveal Shape discrimination, or the ability to discern fine detail, improved with 8 mg of daily dietary
zeaxanthin supplementation.
Richer, Stuart P., O.D., Ph.D.,, William Stiles, M.D.,, and Mark Levin, M.D. “The Zeaxanthin and Visual Function Study
(ZVF) FDA IND #78, 973.” Journal of Optometry, James A. Lovell Veteran’s Hospital (2011): n. pag. Web.
• 92% of compliant players improved their contrast acuity scores with 4 months of EyePromise vizual
EDGE PRO supplementation.
“2012 MiLB supplementation Trial”
Improved Visual Processing Speed
• In a sample of college baseball players, 20 mg of dietary zeaxanthin improved fixed and variable
reaction times in addition to coincidence anticipation timing accuracy at the highest frequency.
Renzi, Dr. Lisa M., PhD. “The Effects of Macular Carotenoid Zeaxanthin on Visual Performance and Neural Efficiency
in Young, Healthy Subjects and College Athletes.” Macular Carotenoids & AMD Conference Poster, Visual Sciences
Laboratory; University of Georgia (2011): n. pag. Web.
• Anticipation timing speed improved by 47% in one MLB player over the course of 4 months of
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO supplementation. This 47% improvement is consistent with other
scientific data.
“2012 Oakland Athletics Supplementation Trial”
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Sensitivity to light
• A dense macular pigment absorbs the blue lights associated with visual discomfort. Higher macular
pigment density increases photophobia thresholds.
Wenzel, AJ. “Macular Pigment Optical Density and Photophobia.” The Association for Research in and Opthomology
(2004): n. pag. Web.
• Higher macular pigment density leads to lower visual discomfort associated with high-intensity
discharge lamps.
Stringham, James M., PhD. “Macular Pigment and Visual Performance in Glare: Benefits for Photostress Recovery,
Disability Glare, and Visual Discomfort.” IOVS Papers, Air Force Research Laboratory (2011): n. pag. Web.
• Macular pigment’s filtering properties serves to reduce the visual discomfort associated with central
viewing of any light containing short wavelengths. “A small increase in macular pigment density can
have disproportionately positive benefits in terms of discomfort associated with bright light viewing”.
Stringham, Dr. James. “The Influence of Dietary Lutein and Zeaxanthin on Visual Performance.” JFS R: Concise
Reviews in Food Science, Institute of Food Technology (2009): n. pag. Web.
Reduced glare
• A higher macular pigment density is directly related to one’s ability to manage glare. A higher
macular pigment density leads to lower disability glare contrast thresholds.
Stringham, James M., PhD. “Macular Pigment and Visual Performance in Glare: Benefits for Photostress Recovery,
Disability Glare, and Visual Discomfort.” IOVS Papers, Air Force Research Laboratory (2011): n. pag. Web.
Improved Photostress Recovery time
• Dietary zeaxanthin supplementation increases photostress recovery time, or a person’s ability to
recover from exposure to bright light.
Stringham, James M., PhD. “Macular Pigment and Visual Performance in Glare: Benefits for Photostress Recovery,
Disability Glare, and Visual Discomfort.” IOVS Papers, Air Force Research Laboratory (2011): n. pag. Web.
• Denser macular pigment improves a person’s ability to recover from bright light exposure.
Stringham, Dr. James. “The Influence of Dietary Lutein and Zeaxanthin on Visual Performance.” JFS R: Concise
Reviews in Food Science, Institute of Food Technology (2009): n. pag. Web.
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Dark Adaptation
• A dense macular pigment improves rod-based sensitivity recovery kinetics, or a person’s ability to adapt
to darkness.
Makridaki, M. “Lutein Supplementation Improves Scotopic, but Not Photopic Sensitivity Recovery in Age Related
Maculopathy (ARM); a Two Centre Study.” Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK, 2 University Eye
Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands n.d.: n. pag. Web.
Improved Tear Film and Dry Eye Relief
• High levels of Omega 3 fatty acids improve tear film, which can decline overtime due to poor diet, Lasik
surgery, contact lenses, and a variety of environmental factors.
Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society. “2007 Report of the International Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS).” The Ocular
Surface, (2007): n. pag. Web.; Nichols, Kelly K. “Meibomian Glad Dysfunction: What Is It, Why Does It Occur and How
May It Be Treated?” International Workshop (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
• Clarity of vision is affected by the refraction of light through the tear layer. EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO
enhances the composition of the tear layer, enhancing visual clarity.
Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society. “2007 Report of the International Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS).” The Ocular
Surface, (2007): n. pag. Web.; Nichols, Kelly K. “Meibomian Glad Dysfunction: What Is It, Why Does It Occur and How
May It Be Treated?” International Workshop (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
• In a survey conducted using EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO, 86% of patients report dry eye relief within
4 weeks, 75% report relief within 3 weeks, and 54% within 2 weeks.
“EZ Tears Patient Survey”
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Other Benefits
Eye Health
In addition to the specific visual performance benefits outlined above, EyePromise vizual EDGE
PRO also contributes to overall eye health as follows:
• Maintaining Visual Performance Over Time -Player longevity:
• Dense macular pigment obtained through dietary zeaxanthin supplementation preserves vision.
Richer, Stuart P., O.D., Ph.D.,, William Stiles, M.D.,, and Mark Levin, M.D. “The Zeaxanthin and Visual Function Study
(ZVF) FDA IND #78, 973.” Journal of Optometry, James A. Lovell Veteran’s Hospital (2011): n. pag. Web.
• Superior visual performance obtained though an increase in macular pigment optical density will remain
the same or increase as macular pigment levels increase. When supplementing habits regress, visual
decline will follow.
Bernstein. “The Value of Measurement of Macular Carotenoid Pigment Optical Densities and Distributors in
Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” Vision Research (2010): n. pag. Web.
Eye Fatigue
• A dense macular pigment reduces eye fatigue and visual discomfort.
Stringham, Dr. James. “The Influence of Dietary Lutein and Zeaxanthin on Visual Performance.” JFS R: Concise
Reviews in Food Science, Institute of Food Technology (2009): n. pag. Web.
• Omega 3 fatty acids:
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO contains 1,480 mg of highly concentrated Omega 3 fatty acids (790 mg EPA, 590 mg
DHA) which, in addition to dry eye relief, are beneficial for brain, heart, and cardiovascular health. The Omega 3’s in
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO have shown a 50% increase in Omega 3 index within 60 days (”ZeaVision Trial”).
• Vitamin D3
EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO contains 4,000 IU’s of vitamin D3, a nutrient that is essential to the
immune system, bone health, and muscle growth.
For the full studies go to http://www.zeavision.com/research.html
Additional visual performance information and videos can be found at
www.eyepromise.com or by calling toll free 1-866-833-2800.
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Attachment B
NCAA Rules And Regulations
NCAA LIST OF BANNED SUBSTANCES
(a) Stimulants (b) Anabolic Agents (c) Diuretics (d) Street Drugs (e) Peptide Hormones and Analogues
Source: NCAA.org
(http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/domi/genrel/auto_pdf/ncaa-banned-substance-list.pdf)
NCAA permissible/Impermissible list
Permissible
•
Vitamins and minerals
•
Energy bars
•
Calorie replacement drinks (for example, Ensure, Boost)
•
Electrolyte replacement drinks (for example, Gatorade, Powerade)
Impermissible
•
Amino acids (including amino acid chelates)
•
Chondroitin
•
Chrysin
•
CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid)
•
Creatine/compounds containing creatine
•
Garcinia Cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid)
•
Ginkgo Biloba
•
Ginseng
•
Glucosamine
•
Glutathione
•
Glycerol
•
Green tea
•
HMB (Hydroxy-methylbutyrate)
•
Melatonin
•
MSM (Methylsulfonyl Methane)
•
Protein powders
•
St. John’s Wort
•
Tribulus
•
Weight-gainers
•
Yohimbe
Source: NCAA.org
(http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/NCAANewsArchive/2005/Association-wide/ncaa+issues+notice+about+nutrition
al-supplement+provision+-+5-23-05+ncaa+news.html)
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Attachment C
Commonly Asked Questions
What is the difference between impermissible and banned substances according to
NCAA Bylaws?
Impermissible nutritional supplement products are those that contain ingredients that do not meet the
criteria identified in NCAA Division I Bylaw 16.5.2.g, and Division II Bylaw 16.5.1.h which define what
kinds of nutritional supplement products institutions may provide to student-athletes to assist them in
calorie and fluid replacement. Student-athletes may purchase a nutritional supplement that contains
impermissible substances, provided it does not contain an NCAA banned substance.
Source: HealthyTiger.com
(http://healthytiger.blogspot.com/2009_02_01_archive.html)
Is fish oil safe for college athletes?
Yes, however universities may not provide fish oil to student-athletes without a team doctor’s prescription,
as fish oil is an Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acid, not a vitamin or mineral. Fish oil doesn’t appear on
the NCAA banned substance list, the impermissible list, or the permissible list, leaving it in the grey area.
Student athletes are however, permitted to purchase fish oil supplements from commercial
establishments.
Fish Oil can be found in EyePromise EZ Tears, EyePromise vizual EDGE PRO, and small amounts in
EyePromise Restore. EyePromise Zeaxanthin and EyePromise Zeaxanthin and Lutein DO NOT
contain any fish oil.
Souce: University of Utah
(http://athleticscompliance.utah.edu/Tipsheets/COMPtips_024%20Nutritional%20Supplements.pdf)
Will any of the products cause a failed drug test?
Caffeine is found in a minimal amount in our green tea extract (which is used as an ingredient in EZ Tears
and vizual EDGE PRO). It is ONLY banned in extreme dosages, as it is classified as a “controlled or
restricted drug”. Caffeine cannot exceed 12ug/ml in the urine. This means consuming over 300-600
mg’s a day. Two EZ Tears contain 1- 1.5 mg’s.
Source: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre Adelaide, South Australia,
Diet Coaching
(http://www.diet-coaching.com/caffe.html)
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2049248)
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Attachment D
Eyepromise Visual Performance
Product Labels
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14
Attachment D
Eyepromise Visual Performance
Product Labels
www.eyepromise.com | [email protected] | 1-866-833-2800
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15