2 ফা ূপள੶ൡ ਸ਼&63+25ফভ َ42/௬भਈ عফभஷॉନॉध০भனُع 4$/<4XDOLW\$GMXVWHG/LIH<HDU z ৽ৎ৷கभශ৲એ েோফਯ॑42/৷கदातऐ 4$/<भੰෲपঢ়ॎॊ ଁੑऩਖ ຠ⏝್ 1 ূপ৾প৾ ୢ৾௺ଢ଼ఐ ೨ఐ่৾؞૧৾௧వ েଁੑ৾ী ༖ਉ೨ 䛺ᗣ ᭤⥺㠃✚ 䠙QALY 0 েோফਯध42/॑ ৎपઅൟ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ 3 4 5&7ॹ॑ॱش৷ःञ4$/<भଁੑੰෲ z ষअधऌ ಏ෫ଢ଼भ೨ঢ়৴42/॔क़ॺढ़धखथ ¾ ਤষ᷈ቅदभ*(67ୡ 8HQRHWDO-&2 ા৷ટীෲभટधखथ ¾ ৣ⍴ንᯂदभ9HQ86 ¾ হधखथງஂ z ,,ୡ 6RDUHV HWDO%0- z […], median QALY were 0.401 in the gemcitabine group, […] z The QALY value in the GS group was significantly better than that in the gemcitabine group (P<.001). মभਵ ୡभીവऩन॑৶पखञઊठજॉ ঋش५ছॖথ৷கदभ৹ତ 5 হৣ؟⍴ንᯂपৌघॊ ঐ०ॵॺ১क़४དभા৷ટীෲ ॔क़ॺছॖথ z 6 হງஂ 9HQ86 ,,ୡॹ॑ॱش৷ःञા৷ટীෲ ଁੑੰෲभ੶ൗ z ଁੑୖ ઊठજॉॹॱشध4$/<भଁੑੰෲ ঋش५ছॖথ৷கदभ৹ତ z হदभટधऽधी 7 হৣ؟⍴ንᯂपৌघॊ ঐ०ॵॺ১क़४དभા৷ટীෲ z হदभଁੑੰෲभ੶ൗ 9HQ86 ,,ছথॲ৲ୡ ঐ०ॵॺ১ ୯؟ਈপऊা YVঁॖॻট।ঝ ¾ ીೕपఃஈऔोञ೩मعऊাभ୯ ¾ عऊাभँःटप୯ીവऋে ¾ ଈಝमऺऻऩख ৷கभ Dumville et al. BMJ 2009. Soares et al. BMJ 2009. ¾ (4'दؚؚؚؚऊা৯ z 8 ऊাऽदभ4$/<॑ଁੑੰෲ ા৷ટীෲभટधखथ z We used inverse probability weighting to estimate the mean […] QALYs, accounting for the censored nature of these data. z The weights were evaluated as the inverse of Kaplan Meier estimator of censoring probability. z For QALYs […], we partitioned the study time horizon in homogenous subintervals (quarterly intervals) […] z Linear regression was used […]. We included baseline EQ-5D scores as a covariate in the estimation of QALYs. 9 ๕ऩ5&7भॹॱشଡୗ ᝈ⪅ID ほᐹ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ ⩌ 0䛛᭶䛾 ຠ⏝್ Ṛஸ 䛒䜚 3䛛᭶䛾 ຠ⏝್ 4$/<ੰෲपउऐॊ୯ીവधઊठજॉ z 6䛛᭶䛾 … ຠ⏝್ HOR-001 1 0.4 YES 0.8 0.7 Ṛஸᚋ HOR-002 2 1.2 YES 0.7 0.8 0.4 … HOR-003 2 0.6 YES 0.8 Ḟ 0.7 … HOR-004 1 1.5 NO 0.9 0.8 1.0 … HOR-005 2 1.1 NO 0.7 0.7 0.9 … HOR-006 1 2.3 NO 0.7 0.8 0.4 … HOR-007 1 0.3 YES 0.5 0.6 Ṛஸᚋ … 䞉䞉䞉 䞉䞉䞉 䞉䞉䞉 䞉䞉䞉 䞉䞉䞉 䞉䞉䞉 䞉䞉䞉 z 10 … ຠ⏝್ z ㏣㊧⤊ 1 z ᭤⥺㠃✚ 䠙ᡴ䛱ษ䜚QALY ऒभॹॱشऊै೩ओधप4$/<॑ੑखथ ණૻຎ॑खञः ઌभেோফਯऋ୯ીവৎਡ भফਯेॉশःऒधमॎऊॊ ණ௴ؚেோফਯؚଈಝથ૮৽ؚৎ৷க z ଈಝऽञमঢ়ੱभँॊৎਡप୯ऋીവघॊ धઌभ4$/<मਂ েோফਯभઊठજॉ ઌभ4$/<ऋ୯ીവৎਡऽ दभ4$/<ेॉপऌःऒधम ॎऊॊ 0 4$/<भઊठજॉ ᡴ䛱ษ䜚ᚋ䛾ຠ⏝್ 䛿0௨ୖ䛸௬ᐃ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ 11 12 ๕ऩॹॱشभেோফਯप .DSODQ0HLHU১॑ి৷ ઊठજॉॹॱشभଁੑੰෲ z েோৎੰෲधखथன 㻝㻚㻜 z ঽேऩૢ৷ েோৎੰෲু১दઊठજॉ4$/<॑ੰෲ ¾ .DSODQ0HLHU১ऩन॑ి৷ " " z 㻜㻚㻤 ⏕Ꮡྜ .DSODQ0HLHU১ؚটॢছথॡਫ਼&ؚR[షؼؚ 㻜㻚㻢 ,,,, , ,,, , , ,,,,, , 㻜㻚㻠 㻜㻚㻞 z ,,, ,,, ,, ,, 4$/<भଁੑੰෲषभ.DSODQ0HLHU১ऩनभ ి৷मඦप ୯॑ਢऐञधऌभઌभ েோফਯऋॎऊढञधघॊ .DSODQ0HLHUශमઌभ েோශ॑ેী๚ , , ,,, , ,,,, ,, ,,, ,, , , ,,,, ,,,,, ,, , ,, ,,,, , ,, ,, ,,,, ,, , , , , ,,, ,, , ,,,,,, ,, , , , ,,, , , ,, 㻷㼍㼜㼘㼍㼚㻙㻹㼑㼕㼑㼞᭤⥺ ┿䛾⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ䛾ศᕸ 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻚㻜 㻝㻚㻡 㻞㻚㻜 㻞㻚㻡 㻟㻚㻜 ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ 13 14 ๕ऩॹॱشभ4$/<प .DSODQ0HLHU১॑ి৷ 㻽㻭㻸㼅䛾⏕Ꮡྜ 㻝㻚㻜 , ,, , , , 㻜㻚㻤 , 㻽㻭㻸㼅䛾㻷㼍㼜㼘㼍㼚㻙㻹㼑㼕㼑㼞᭤⥺ ┿䛾㻽㻭㻸㼅䛾ศᕸ ,,, ,,, , 㻜㻚㻢 ලऩदઅइथाॊ ,, ,,, ,, , 㻜㻚㻠 z , ,, , ,,, ,, , , ,, ,,,, ,, ,, , , ,,,,,, ,,,, , , ,, ,, , ,,,, , ,,,, , ,, , ,, ,,, ,,, , , 㻜㻚㻞 z .DSODQ0HLHUශमઌभ 4$/<॑পऌऎ 4$/<ਰभસ় ¾ YV ,, ,, ,, , , , ,, , 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻚㻜 㻝㻚㻡 㻞㻚㻜 ऺनभ๕ऩॹॱشऊैয॑௷ऌলघ ৷கमৎधधुप৲खऩः೩ 㻞㻚㻡 㻟㻚㻜 ୯॑ਢऐञधऌभমਊभেோফਯऋॎऊढञधघॊ ᝈ⪅ID ⩌ ┿䛾 ほᐹ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ Ṛஸ 䛒䜚 ຠ⏝್ ┿䛾 QALY ほᐹ QALY 1.8 A 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO 0.9 2.7 B 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO 0.5 1.5 1.0 C 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO 0.2 0.6 0.4 D 䛥䜣 1 3 3 YES 0.9 2.7 2.7 E 䛥䜣 1 3 3 YES 0.5 1.5 1.5 F 䛥䜣 1 3 3 YES 0.2 0.6 0.6 㻽㻭㻸㼅 15 ऩछ.DSODQ0HLHU১द4$/<भীഘ॑ ਫखऎदऌऩःभऊ z ਖमઊठજैोञ೩भඞः্ z ⩌ ┿䛾 ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ ほᐹ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ Ṛஸ 䛒䜚 ຠ⏝್ ┿䛾 QALY ほᐹ QALY A 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO 0.9 2.7 1.8 B 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO 0.5 1.5 1.0 C 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO 0.2 0.6 0.4 z ௴4$/<मઌभ4$/<॑⋈ 4$/<दमੲਾभँॊઊठજॉ .DSODQ0HLHU১मੲਾभऩःઊठજॉ॑ෘ ৷கऋঢ়બघॊ4$/<भଁੑੰෲदमਛॉয়ञऩः Cox et al. JRSS A 1992. z भෙॉ়ংॖ॔५भপऌऔ ઊठજॉभऋःऺनؚপऌः ೩द৷கप୷ऋँॊऺनؚপऌः 䐠 ௴েோফਯमઌभেோফਯ॑खऩः⋇ েோফਯदमੲਾभऩःઊठજॉ ऩछ.DSODQ0HLHU১द4$/<भীഘ॑ ਫखऎदऌऩःभऊ z ᝈ⪅ID 䐟 16 ¾ ৢଞؚ4$/<॑পऌऎৄुॊ্भংॖ॔५ z ્पିਔघसऌ૾ய ණदেோফਯृ৷கभীഘऋ౮ऩॊৃ় ¾ ණૻຎभपংॖ॔५ऋৼ௨औोऩः 17 18 ৌ૪১؟,3&:১ ઊठજैोऩःન૨भ ,QYHUVH3UREDELOLW\RI&HQVRULQJ:HLJKWHG১ ઊठજैोञ೩भॹऺ॑ॱشऊभ೩ऋ๛৻ॎॉ z $)عऔ॒भॹॱشभઊठજैोऩःન૨ عফ؟ عফ؟ ¾ ')عऔ॒मযী ੰෲष൴ ᝈ⪅ID ⩌ ┿䛾 ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ ほᐹ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ Ṛஸ 䛒䜚 A 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO B 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO C 䛥䜣 1 3 2 NO D 䛥䜣 1 3 3 YES E 䛥䜣 1 3 3 YES F 䛥䜣 1 3 3 YES েோফਯदੲਾभऩःઊठજॉभৃ় z ઊठજैोऩःન૨भಗਯदઊठજैोथःऩः ॹ॑ॱشातऐघॊ্১ Zhao et al. Biometrika 1997. ઊठજॉ॑ॖঋথॺधखञ.DSODQ0HLHU১द ᡴ䛱ษ䜙䜜䛺䛔☜⋡ z 㻝㻚㻜 ,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,, ,,, ,,,, ,,,, ,, ,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,, ,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, , ,,,,,, ,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,, ,, ,,,, , ,,, ,, ,,,,,, ,, 㻜㻚㻤 ,,,, , , ,, , , ,,, ,, ,, , , , 㻜㻚㻢 㻜㻚㻠 ,, ,, , , , ઊठજैोऩःન૨ , ,, , ,, , ,, ¾ ফ؟ ফ؟ ¾ ফ؟ফ؟ 㻜㻚㻞 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻚㻜 㻝㻚㻡 , , ,, , 㻞㻚㻜 㻞㻚㻡 㻟㻚㻜 ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ 19 20 ๕ऩॹॱشप,3&:১॑ి৷ 㻽㻭㻸㼅䛾⏕Ꮡྜ 㻝㻚㻜 , ,, , , , 㻜㻚㻤 , 㻜㻚㻢 㻵㻼㻯㼃ἲ 㻷㼍㼜㼘㼍㼚㻙㻹㼑㼕㼑㼞ἲ ┿䛾㻽㻭㻸㼅䛾ศᕸ ,,, ,,, , ,, ,,, ,, , হदभଁੑੰෲभ੶ൗગ , ,, 㻜㻚㻠 , ,,, ,, , , ,, ,,,, ,, ,, z , , ,,,,,, ,,,, , , ,, ,, , ,,,, , ,,,, , ,, , ,, ,,, ,,, , , 㻜㻚㻞 z We used inverse probability weighting to estimate the mean […] QALYs, accounting for the censored nature of these data. z The weights were evaluated as the inverse of Kaplan Meier estimator of censoring probability. z For QALYs […], we partitioned the study time horizon in homogenous subintervals (quarterly intervals) […] z Linear regression was used […]. We included baseline EQ-5D scores as a covariate in the estimation of QALYs. ,3&:১मઌभ4$/<भী ഘपปअ ೩ਯऋऐोयಱ ,, ,, ,, , , , ,, , 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻜 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻚㻜 㻝㻚㻡 㻞㻚㻜 㻞㻚㻡 㻟㻚㻜 㻽㻭㻸㼅 21 ଢ଼॑ীસखथ,3&:১॑ి৷ z ຠ⏝್ 1 4$/< 4भ4भ 4भ4भ ؚؚؚऊাऽदઊठજैोऩःન૨॑ ઊठજैोथःऩः4f4॑ातऐੰෲ ಖ২भऋୄऔोॊ 22 ණद॔থংছথ५ऩऊা৯भ৷க z (4'५॥॔भ 0䛛᭶ 3䛛᭶ 6䛛᭶ 9䛛᭶ 12䛛᭶ 䝬䝂䝑䝖⒪ἲ⩌ 0.485 0.556 0.592 0.585 0.595 䝝䜲䝗䝻䝀䝹⩌ 0.539 0.559 0.566 0.628 0.625 ऊা৯दঁॖॻট।ঝණभ্ऋऺनৈः ছথॲ৲मखथःॊऋؚ4$/<षभ୶প Manca et al. Health Econ 2005. z Q2 Q1 0 3䛛᭶ Q3 6䛛᭶ ၉ேभုॉभ৹ତ Q4 9䛛᭶ ঋش५ছॖথ৷கदभ৹ତ ಖ২؞ਫ਼লৡभ 12䛛᭶ Ramsey et al. Value Health 2015. ¾ फ़ॖॻছॖথदम৹ତ॑ਘऎਏ ⏕Ꮡᖺᩘ 23 24 ৌ૪১؟4$/<भషীෲ z ,3&:১॑৷ःञाહऌష ଵ ¾ Żණؚ ߚଵଵ ଶ ଵ ଵ হदभ4$/<भੰෲટ z 12䛛᭶䜎䛷䛾ᖹᆒQALY (95% ಙ㢗༊㛫) ଶ ଶ Żঋش५ছॖথ৷க 䝬䝂䝑䝖⒪ἲ⩌ ߚଶଵ ߚଷଵ ߚସଵ ¾ ऊাऽदभ4$/<भ৹ତੋाණ୷ ৬पमਰৣभ॑ੑ ¾ࢼ ൌ σୀଵ ఋೖ ீ ೖ ࢄ ࢄ் ିଵ σୀଵ ऊাऽदभ4$/<पණ୷मऩः 䝝䜲䝗䝻䝀䝹⩌ ⩌㛫ᕪ Willan et al. 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